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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (March 3, 1882)
. 'v . i I VOL. XIV. HINTS TO NEW COMERS. Wo rocolvn n great many letters from Intending 'immigrants, who writo pngo after ' iae,o of questions, and olton re ite their per sonal history fi'i n cluu to their I'iroiimsUinctH, xpootilig mi ml I lor, whom) tunu in needed for 0 con'elrsi routiliu of "journalism," to ihoi 1 cluu mid begin, with tliu art of an aitrolo- gcr, to study hi cAH'vtniftocjuitlilH horoscope. iA'o nympiithyowith tliami who want iiifurmn tion, mill always send Ilium such an wo have at jSfeouimanil or run ptncuru, though ciiiuot m... ,..,... ., , iUKIJ flJIUeiMHy Ul VVCIJT liIKU imiii givu fill Opinion, an ninny ih-niro. J v liat such people w mil to know is, how k tlioy ciui usu tlioir nivalin, Ihi it inoru or lorn, A .1... I., i -.1 , n . ......I.. .!.: .1 a u wiu mm iiiivuiitin. lit nuuniy wilfl iirmre f I l.i il... :i ...:..i. l i wo imvu muuui Hint lb llllglll uu ntiYiuiiHu- Otu to. devote space to such a review of thu OOuntry nml ite pnAibiliticM hi will enable those who wish to coiiiii hem to mako tip tli-ir iniln to some extent, before thuy leave home, though, of course, it will ho iinpoftxihlo fur us tflW miiivii'ittu vibi) i.iii.i i fciii hii. i I'tuintu 1 ablution in advaucu for all thu problems that Am .ii..lt.nt.. ...--., . lit ...! ..........I,, n ; may present thuiuscltcs, Farmers who itnvu followed mixed luni aildry ill thu older Eastern States me needed fccro to introduce iliiemilicil agriculture, mid Acinoiistraln that "om thing can liu dolman Two 1 1 an other. " WhcU wtho gruat staple, hut jWo iiihki inucxpiTit'ilcooi men who can cjtiao Klh a judicious ilivrrmty in production. Thu iB of fartuurH wu havii hero already curry a mixcu inrmiug to Dome uxu.ni, mu mey depend uhlrtly on wheat for thu income of the firm, growing o.ibi, lmrluy, hay, fruit and Vegetables for their own tine, hut not demon trattug, an a rule, that thu larin can havu Omothiug nn a nuuicu of ilicomu uvery month 4 thu year. 'Ihi really allonln a spluildid Held for vari es branches 01 farming, an wo will procuid M "how. Wheat must ho Ihr ataplu, hut Hot 'to only one. Meadow and p.utuio can he Maptud U) thu farm in suuh a maimer an to yild a fair revenue, and answer another pur Wo that our pcoplu too often loto eight of liiuiitain, nml uven impiove thu fertility of (Ite aoil. There in no need that thu noil nhotild llwoomu worn out when ntoek mining of all Ikindi), and aheep htmhandry, can liu made CTfiliahlu aourcra of profit. Thu farmer who mwcy a few choica marca and cowt., and ! judicioitidy, can maku them pay w ell. Hire, though land i valuahlu, aheep can he Bled to aomu extent aa acavengera, itlno to n lu tein tho fertility, and their uool and incrtiue trill maku rapid and aatiafautory returua. Bl'oultry can ho mado to pay ell, for we lUVVu a gMd market for egga and fovtN. ! hi It'tlready done, hut could hu hetter done than it U, and mado a regular liuniliena. Dairying uyn uell when uull carried on, FmA uau hu mado a paying hranch of every im If carofully mid ncientifically conducted. t'Auuthwr hrangli of farm iiicoiuu that in nel- encouraged aa it ouervca ia iiuniug uuu g pork. J'.antern readers will liu iticreu- when they atu told that all thu towns in ;on and Waahiugton aru to-day itipplied, to or lean, with hacon, haiua ami lard Wrought fruin St. lxjuia, Chicago, Kauaa Oky or Omaha. Such is tho caao, however. fjjl tho Fall and Winter meat packers havu fpiaiil eight cunta pur pound for good hogs. Wo ?jnoiutrated lately, hy thu oxpenence of ' Mon. William Cunu, of Marion county, that ' wjlen paokoia were paying nix ceuU for meat, iM curud hi ovvu pork, and it paid him ten Mnta per pound for tho carcanH all round. U year, when 'tho current price for '.'Oo tid lioga wan eight cenU, u farmer who w how to cut and cure meat well, nhoittd o nuttud I'.'i cunta, WAn Hanturn farmer who iinduintandn pork nig, can huu wnat can no uouu ueru oy king nwino play mi iinpoitunt part in ining, 'J'ruu, wu cannot grow.coru hero an laply aa thuy do "out West," but wo can u pork oaaily hy combining root crops refuse of oruhurda with mill food mid ippud wheat. Wo have given thu cxperi- io lately of nuvoral Htibncrihura of thin paper, ,o made a specialty of fattening poik, ami I It iu thin way. (korgu W. Hunt, of OWhiteakcr, has a largo pear orchard that ha 'SfcrVotcs to fattuuiug bin hog, and was to it out hundreds more trees lust 1' all for aiiio purpose, Our Kuntoru readers will mdor to hear of a country where thu icent of peara aru grown for hog ficd, but ia tho caao in Oityon. o have briefly introduced these various Horn to illustrute to ait enterprising and jrlelligeiit reader at tlw Kabt what aort of arming cau bo made to nay him, t' The man who Iim the mean to oome to &Weatoru Orogon mid buy lanu already nn ftoved, and will leave himself aurplu means tt iio oftorwaida, cau buy Rinall or largo par tjmU of laud, m Ilia menus permit, with goner- y btiililiuga nml orchunla, and by a little oful outlook cim Hud a pmco just suited to IVk) iJm hla reaourcea. With nmnoy in nuervu ho can reform tho farm management to uit himnelf Ho c.tn buy good nhcep, nwine, cattle ami hornin for a rcuKonnhlc price, ami will bo nur piined at the excollcnco and rheapneKn of our Kcilmhiie mid l'ol.ti.d-Chiua nwine. A inuii o;ui tiro $:t,000 to 510,000 in thin way, mid fluil himnelf nitilated among lirat-vlium pioplo nml Riuiouudcdwitli this privilcgcn of an old, nettled country. Ho can survey thu field mid lay out bin life's work to suit him. Fruit cul turn uill pay well; hopn arc becoming nn mi pnituiit nUjilo here; root ciopn can bo made to aid him ill fattening pork; nhicp.iud e'octl of all kiiidt can ho nvide to aid bin prosperity; daiiyitig in nomethiiig that ho oin count on if he uuderntandn it. AV thi'.j Uiingn nr' open to him, but wlntevrr ha dnta, let liiin not he gin hy rinhnrriiHNiiig binif'o'f witii debt, hut no iiiMnt that hu can "fix" liimrelf ntnl fmmly with meaiin t mako money. The farmer hi buyn out ban probably put all bin fnith in wheat; ban got his l.inil foul, and nulls to get away floin it; hut thu buyer need have no fear if hu can command bin time nud tide over a single yar, during which ho in putting, tin farm to rights, and getting it In nlmpo to do well in the future. We have ticuUd tliMipicntioii nn if tho man wan curiam t locuto in Wi-atvru Oregon, hut thu samu vicwm apply in j;ooil pait to uny other portion of tho 1'iicilic X' rthweit; even the Bottler who locnten m .i new lani-h n. tie-huiich-gi.-uin region can m.iku it profitable t' diversify ln production and r.iitu poll., nn well as hao other ntocl.. In thu foregoing wo have tried to provi le for thu man who conies bile with ample im mm, or at least with the means to ho com fortable; hut the great inoj irily get heru with more hope and ambition than money. Some como here with a special object, and it is worth while to try to locate Mich to thu best advantage also. tjupjKimi a man linn made dairying bis pecu liar ntudy, what can hu do! He can invent a miich money as hu cho. sen in this business, if hu uudenstmidi it, without thu least hesita tion. Dairying U easily adopted an part of faniiingopuiatiotis,or can he made a njiecinlty. Thole aru counties of Oregon ami Wuhing tou that a ro H-ctibarly adapted to it, and to stock raining, became they enjoy a moist cli mate, iiillueuccd hy vicinity to thu ocean, whore pis lures aru crccn Summer and Win ter, and cattle can bo easily kept. These lauds are not no valuable as reatl) w heat farms, hut can bo better adapted to dairying purpotea. Ituttcr mid .cheeno comu to Portland from dairy farms along tho Columbia user, from thu wooded legions of Wotcrn W.'uliington, from thu valley of thu Cbehalis, that puts into Oray'n llailior, north of thu Columbia, nud from thu coast counties of Oregon. Small steamers now miiUo trading voyages to Tilla mook, Vaiiilin, Alseu and other hays, ind bring butter, honey, etc., hack for thu supply of this city. These steamuis are very recent experiment, hut they explain thu future of tho coast region as a dairying country. 1 he foothills of tho ranges that surround the Wil lumotto Valley aru also adapted to stock and dairying, because inoro moist iu climate, nud grasses there are over green. It is no doubt equally true that tho semi-mouiitaiiious ills districts Host of tho Cascades, that thuy oiler ftnorablu location for dairy farms. Thosu who understand thu hiisiiios can find its widu a field for it ns they hnvo means to invest. Choico butter sells fiom twenty cents lowest Summer price, to forty cents highest prco in Winter. Chcuso is now eighteen cents per pound wholesale. Of course, these tiro thu prices for choico iptutjties of both. Thu Kastoru fmnicr will bring with him a habit of utili.iug thu manures made uu the farm, u matter that has been greatly neglected, Until quite lately very few havu attempted to save ami uau immure, and even now heaps of dung that havu accumulated for a generation can bu scuu whore stables have stood. Hardly any take really good caio of mautiru and save it in its strength, if thuy tiso it at all. One great improvement thut mtint bu mado iu funning hero is to save manure mid use it with discretion. There uro crops that tcqiiiru fertdir.ors which have scuicely ever been at tempted hero, nml which will pay Roll, The inarkut gardeners near largo cities shuw their appreciation of this question by hauling out to their "truck patches" manure from city stables. Tho soil was naturally very rich, and the first comers seeinod to buliovu it could never wear out, Tho mau who wishes to engage iu ordinary fanning has a wide territory to choose from, If ho hu means to command a homo in settled regions, surrounded with civilized applimices, ho can go wherovor climate suits him best. If ho wants n homestead or pre-emption claim, ho can locate It Kast of thu Mountains on now laud that is open to thu plow, or ho can find rich vine, mnplo and alder bottoms and bench lands, iu Columbia county, within ten miles PORTLAND, OREGON FRIDAY, MARCH 3, 1882. of thu Columbia river, and not inoro than twenty to thirty miles from Portland, in rich hoi) and as productive ai can be found iu the world, with a market cIoms nt hand. The name in trim of n great deal of land to bo found tbiotigh the counties along the Western Covt of Oicgon nud Washington, nud along the shori-H of Pugot .Sound. With piudent calcu lation he can invest his means to thu bisf, pos sible! a vai.t'ge. Among the spccialtiei is fruit growing; mid tin i u in no country in the world that ofl'cis moru certain inducements iu that line. South ern Oicgon, that is now bcirg opened up by lmlroad coomtritcliou, i wo bavo lately ohown, is the natural Immn of vine-yards and orchards. There the g'opo and pooch thrive better than further i.ortli, bu' every other fruit known in temperate zuics does well all ovi r Oregon mid Washington, The series of articles couceiniug orchards and fruit grow in v; that wo h;vr lately ptiblishuj, and which is compiled for F-asteru circulation in our present mout'ily number, gives all necessary particulars nbuiit fruit ciiltuio and we refer to them for all fittther information, merely as suring any fruit fancier that he can select ionic spot in any pait of tho Xorth Pacific re gien whtro he can nuko hi fruit farm anil win all thu success ho desires. This region will always have a famous name for fruit. If a man has n penchant for stock of any kind, or of all kii d, hu can satisfy his ambi tion in that teg.trd as fully as bo desires. The Willamette, Umpqiia and Itoguu River val leys have already many breeding farms that Mipply tine ntock of all kinds to the great stock ow in m K mt of tho Cnncades, and there are some very tlteful breeders ther. As that eotiutry H. ttlcs up, and men learn tho need of improving ihu irade of all kinds of stock, this interest grows in importance and value I lot hoi, cattle anil aheep of best breeds for this rrgion can Ihi hail, and tlu field for rais ing line stock is wide nml increasing. The man who wishes to engage in stock raising on thu widu ranges can invest money in that, as much or little as hu chooses; can buy out noine mini in the business, or go into it on his own account. He can locate, if he chooses, a html claim where he can do farming mid keep stock nleo. It will be seen from this that the man who wishes tp engage in the stock bus! uesi can find iu this portion of the world any oppoitumty he can reasonably expect. Thu hop grower can do as well here, nnd probably !ctte r, than in any old Fettled hop growing district. If thero is n uood market for hops, hu can certainly grow the hops if ho understands how. Thu inarkut gardener can locate near some growing town Portland, for instance and. can booh work up a good business. We told last year tho story of a man who was discouraged and wished himself back in tho Mississippi valley, but took advice aud went out cast of this city and rented a picee of bind, flood neighbors helped him so that his family got along the first year, and then he mado his way, nnd iu thrco years hid a piece of laud of his own with a house ou ii and team and tools to work with. So far wo have only referred to what farm ing peoplo can do, but the country that will nnsu er for a farmer will offer inducements to every other trade and profession. Just now railroad work is being pushed to tho greatest possible limit. In all directions laborers aud mechanics thrive nnd make good wages. New towns spring up continually, and stores, hotels and workshops are needed. There is ns yet no well organized Hureau of Immigration, but wo learn that such an in stitution will bo soon iu operation, connected with thu Northern Pacific Railroad Company, nud if it is successful in disseminating useful mul reliable information about tho country, nud will furni'h tho immigraut when ho nriives bore with the information ho needs to guide him to a location, it will b.o of great use nud induce many to como hero. One thing the K.tstcru roulcr who wishes to como to this section may bear in mind is, that the sooner ho gets hero tho butter ho can locate himself, for choica locations are con stantly taken in tho now regions, and tho older settled districts will naturally put prices up ns lands como into demand. Orange Delegate. Kditor vYillamctte Farmers Tho subordinate granges, iu Multnomah county, will olect thrco dolegatca at their next mooting, for tho purpose of electing delegatus to tho Stnto Orange. Tho delegates will moot at tho lial) of Multnomah (Irango, in Ktst Portland, on tho second Saturday in April, at ono o'clock r. m. J. K. Williams, Co. Deputy, Just now Frank Aboil is taking some of the most charming and lovely promeiuido and panel photographs wo over saw. Call at his studio on first street, Portland, nnd see them, Strnngors always mado welcome, orri$g0mletif What' the Hatter With the Butter ? lvditbr Willamette Farmer : The above question is asked of uie so often, that find it impovu'hle to rcplyfully'to every letter, and as every farmer and dairyman tak ii the Faumi:, or ouvlit to, will you kindly per hi it mo to give a icply in your columns, which w'iH reach a much wider circlo than is possible byiprivato corrcfpondence. 0:ie min writes : "What is tho matter with tho j'ortland market ? price are not a good a last year." Anoth-r : "You sty our buttei is not first-clans; we have been selling in our coui try town, nud no fault .vaa found with it." Another : "1 see butter quoted in Port land at 40 cents, anil yon sell ours at30 cents, and j on say it u-U very slowly at that price. It' very strange that good butt.r should sell very slowly at .'10 cents, when the market is quoted at 40 cents; what's the matter!" Well, thero are several things the matter. Fin. Oregon and Washington Territory havi seflt to this market this Fall anJ Winter a larger, amount of fresh dairy and also pack'd aud VJckled butter than ever before. It has conic-in largo quantities from the coast coun ties, from nway up the valley, from the bunch grass region, and from nook and corners heretofore unrepresented in thia market evidence that the dairy interests are growing and increasing. Thus the supply has been greater than ever before. Now, it is our axiom in trade that prices are regulated in a great ineasuie by rupplvand demand. Hence, as the supply has been greater, the tendency has bcou to lower prices. Again, the quality is mi important factor in retaliating prices. Mojt ptoplu are eiy fastidious about their butter; they want first quality or ucne. Often custme,8 say to me, "we want the Uit; we don't care for the price." Offer them secrt rjriflity, thorgh it maybe fir,it, and they turn to leave,' with the exclamation, "Don't want it! Don't irair UU At a diller ence of ten cent per pound less they don't want it. That's what's tiie matter. Again, the Portland market is supplied mo tly through tho Summer aud Fall from the dairies in the Columbia bottoms. These dairies make butter making a specialty; their pastures are green and fresh from early Spring to December; they hae good conveniences and fixtures for tho business; they vie with each iithcr for superior quality, and during the best of the season, so lrng as artificial temperature is unnecessary, their products jre generally uniform, and thu quality excel lent. Thus thu taste of the average Port lander is being educated un to a higher stand ard, aud they detect the dlfltrence in quality an readily as an expert dairyman. The quality which we sold readily a year ago at 35 aud 37J cents, goes slow this Winter at 30 cents per pound. That' tcluit's the mattrr. Tho supply hns been ample for all our re quirement, nnd had tho quality been tirst class, prices would not have gone above 35 cents. There are tons of Oretron butter in Portland to-day, aud yet butter is comine in every steamer from California. Had the quality becu first-class, all would have been sold, and tlit-ie would bo uo surplus on hand now. Among tho valley farmers grain growing is tho principal business, and dairviutr secomlarv Kach farmer keeps a few com. hut nut enough to justify the oxpeuse of erecting a dairy house and fixtures, and they do not give tho attention necessary to insure good quality. During tho ford part of the season on fresh grass they produce a very fair qual ity. As the season advances and the pastures dry up, tho quality deteriorates, nml u-hnn artificial temperature becomes necessary, the iiuuiuy uiuno ami worse, lor tnree reasons : hirst, tms quality of tho milk is inferior. Second, they have not tho neceasnrv riTtiiroc and conveniences to take caro of it in the best maimer; and thirdly, thev cannot oiv it tho caio ami attention necessary to secure tho best remits. Hence, thu contrast is great between tho products of thu bottom dairies and that of tlie valley tanners. 'I bat's what's the matter. Hut tho valley farmer sa s : "Then thero is no uso for mu to make butter." I do not say that. On tho contrary, let mo say this, that so far as has como under my observation, the valley farmers have made marked improve, ment the past year, both in qualitf and gen eral stylo and appearance of their butter, and there is still room for improvement. My cor lespondeuco demonstrates that thoro is a deep interest developing in dairy matters; a dispo sition to improve; a disposition to get nt tho iKittom of all difficulties; to find out what is tho mattor aud n determination to surmount and conquer all obstacles. I would say, bo not discouraged; go ahead; persevere till you conquer it. Don't imagine that the bottom dames are having easy times and walking oyer tho track. They have mado coimucuda. bio nnprovemuut during tho past year, aud during the best of tho Bcasou thero is more uniformity in their product thau over before. Hut when cold weather como and artificial tomporaturo becomes necessary, there i u wide difference in the quality, owing to a want of careful and proper attention, anil their products have not all rated as first-class this N inter, and some of them will have to take mow pains, or take a back seat, for imi-ovkmkj,t is tho watchword and there is room for it, wo mako no oxceptious. A valloy farmer asked mo recently, "What is tho best thing for us to do ? we don't want to turn our urain farms intn .luiri.u !.! wo do want to keen a fow cow for convenience, as well ns a little profit, aud under th. present old ttylu thero is neither nrollt nor aatinfan. tion." In reply, i would say, establish cream. erics and cheese factories at central points where the milk of twenty, thirty or morr farmers can readily bu concentrated Let an experienced diirymnu take charge of tho milk; either fceli him tho milk or ko in on the cooperative pnnciple. It will relieve your wiven anu uaugmers oi mucii ot trie drudgery of farm life, and add very materially. to our prunu. jnsicau oi me nutter o! your neigh borhood being of as many tliadtn, color and qualities as theie are individual makeic, rating at low pnees. it would all be alike r.f one quality, and that the fn-M, and your profit iiu-n me tamo cows nounic wnat they now are, mid the labor and trouble fir less. Think of it; try if. Again, another strong argument for co oper ation ; The dairy interest is increaninir ran. idly, and the day is not far distant, in fact closo at hand, when it will become nc-ccisary, at least, IllOle profitable, to llevo t; a. nmtirm of the season to cheese making. Thin cannot no uono prom, my on a small scale. One es tablishment could serve for fifty farmers, and well managed, the product latn tirt.pl.ai and the results far more satisfactory than can oe ouiaincci uy single etlorts. . . J- B- Kapp. Portland, Ma.ch 1, I8S2. Fruit Culture. Mohawk, Lane Co., Oregon. Kditor Willamette Fanner: A fortune is in store for every one who in telligently f-t-U out and cares for an orchard of 100 acres. Following are estimates : APPLE.S OUTLAY. 15,000 trees, 10 cents each J l-)00 Cost of land, 55 per acre 500 Cost of si tting trees ) ,000 Cost of fencing 'sqq $3,500 . 3,500 . 1,000 . '1,000 . 2,000 .$11,000 Interest for ten enrs. Labor five years Dner Incidental' Total. HKTCR.VS. Sixth year, 10 cents per tree.. . Seventh year, 10 cents per tree. Kjghth year, 30 cents per tree. . . Ninth year, 40 cmts per tree . . Tenth yoar, 50 cents per tree. . . 1,500 l.fiPQ 4,500 6,000 7,500 $21,000 . 10,000 Value of land. Total returns. . . Total outlay... ..831,000 .. 11,000 Balance profit $20,000 PRUNES AND PLe'MS OUTLAY. 15,000 tree, 20 cents each $ 3 000 Cost of land '500 Cost of setting trees 000 Cost of fencing '.'.'.'.'. '5QO t 5'000 Interest, ten years 5,000 Labor, five years L000 Incidentals j 000 D"cr 1,000 Total outlay $13,000 RETURNS. Sixth year, 20 cents per tree.- $ 3,000 Seventh year, 30 conts per tree 4,500 Kighth year, 40 cents per tree 6,000 Ninth year, 60 cents per tree 0,000 Tcuth year, $1 per tree 15,000 $37,500 . 10,000 Value of land . $47,500 . 13,000 Outlay Balance profit $34,500 If properly managed an orchard can bo made to bear out the figures in tho aliove esti mates. I understand the twelve-year-old pnine trees of Mr. Luelling, of Milwaukie, produced fmit to the amount of $S per tree this year. Dr. Sharpies, of Euuene. proposes to set out 10,000 tifes. Others are intending to set out smaller orchards. . If these esti mates are too high, will some of our practical fruit men correct them. J. S. ChURCHILL. Letter trom Douglas County. Wilbur, Or., Feb. 23, DS2. Editor Willamette Farmer: As it has been a long time since I attempted to scribble anything for your paper, I thought I would try my hand tiaiu. I see in your issue of Fcbruaiy 17th that you have au arti clo in reference to Mr. U. T, Thompson's sue cess iu raisihg alfalfa in Kastern Oregon. My experience iu regard to raising alfalfa was pub lished iu tho Fakmkr some years ago. I have been a successful grower of alfalla, iu a small way, for about eight years;' I mado some trials previous to that, but failed through not hay. iiig it on tho right kiud of soil. It is true, I made a failure with about five acre I sowed 0110 year ago last April, not from any fault of mine, or tho soil, or seed, but from the faot that grasshoppers took it before it could form a root sutlicieut to resist tlioir rayages. What I had sown previously they have never injured iu the least, for tho first crop, but they liavo taken a part of tlie second crop two year in succession, but I feel ao woll satisfied that the grasshoppers have run their race hero for tho present, that I shall sow again in the Spring, I liavo between seven and eight acres that yields moru profit than any other forty acre NO. 3. on the place, counting labor and everything. It hart never been lrrii-.-ifi-! nml nAA.T from California say it is as fine a picee as they ...... cc- ,!;;, win, imgiibiun. 1 count mow,, it three or four times in the neason but prefer to mow it twico and pasture it ti.o latter part of the Summer, when I have no green feed. It appears to mi: if sc-nio of the farmers on the V illamctte bottoms would m w their.over- flOWed ldtillri tO .flfrilfft tl,..-!' ,rn..l.l ....!.'.. mere from the labor -ml expense incurred n.iii 1 rum any otner crop they could put on their land, and raise stock to use it up on the farm, and besides they would be inrreasing instead of diminishing tho fertility of their furrr.s. There would not be required so much tonnage on this coast if our productions were in a more condensed form, such as bason, beef and wool. About two years ago I wrote a communica tion to the- Farmer describing a dhcafe which waa troubling my Angora goati, which, ii(,on an intt-rnal examination, proved to bo tho liv er fluke, tho same as trouble sheep. In the meantime the Hon. C. l fiurkhart, of Al bany, had written a communication tj tho r akmer giving a remedy for tho disease. He Iso was kind enough to seid me a private letter describing the r.medy; at that timo ray sheep and goats w ere dying o'aily. Ilia rem edy was a pound of saleratus, thoroughly mixed with salt enough for one hundred sheep and in proportion to your flock for three weeks in successh n, then after that half the quantity every other week. My sheep and LfOats had beenmn vrrv w-1r -,.,1 T !-. - great many of the young sheep would die be fore they would eat tho fait. So I purchased some saleratus; and the boys and n yself drove un the sheen and frn.ifa nn.l rrnt-. .,At. i.AMK wg tablespoonful, dry as it was, and I lost no mum dicty ur goats, j. nave waited this long to tee the eflect it would have. I fed it thrOUCfh the 1.1Kfc nnrt nf W.V,- nA !... ....L the Spring and Summer month", and it "ap pears to have a good effect. I think that cop peras is equally as good, and we can get it here cheaper thin ui -jin mlm-itu... !.., ; .'- r. deal more work to pulverize and mix with silt, and bes des, shiep do not eat it as well. Although they will eat enough, to counteract the effects of the fluku if they cannot gtt salt uujr umci najr. oome oi n.y ueignuorB use saleratus and some copperas, aud they speak .well of. each. "?&? "JLkmds look,.lutter ihan nsvSttT-t '-c vr: althonch crass is VeryTC:iro'iU tho effects of the frosts we have had. it in vii- mil,! -.,.,1 nl.,a. ant now. aild I think WO w ill onon have ntvntv of grass. Titos. Smith. Ohio Correspondence. Leo.vardsburc, Ohio, Jan. 22, 1SS2. Editor Willamette Farmer: In your issue of January 6th were many items of especial interest to me. First, your salutatory for 18S2, which, while it can be read with much profit in any part of the Union, must be of especial interest to your Pacific Slope readers; especially when read in connection with your review of 1SS1. Your review of the "Guiteau Farce" being enacted at Washington City, wheie the assatsiu is allow ed to pUy the part of a- fool, equal to David before Achish, and feigning ingenious iusauity for tne self samo purpose (viz., to tavo hU pate); your coutrast of past, present and future journalistic reports of that national debasement, showing each day's proceeding to be but little varied from that of its prede cessor that had the jingle that should be licaru irom every paper read in the land, Your ptcsentation to your many readers of the example of Claus Sprtckln, of Honolulu, who could couvert ait cxiiuct crater of a vol cano into a sugar-cane farm. But that which stirred old memories and carried me back to tho sceues of my childhood was tho reception of Judge Mithew I. Deady, at St. Clairs- vine, iu iieimom county, Ulno. now 1 thought of John M. Goodenow, John C. Wright, Chauncey Dewey. Beebee. Hubbard and Halleck, lawyers, of Cadiz, Ohio (fur, bj tho way, Harrison was my native county). who wrestled with those ciants snoken of hv Judgo Deady. Steubenville had also its repre sentative men, aud to-day has far outstripped both Cadiz and St. Clairsville taken together. The younger Cowen, Geneial Ben. K.. is now a resident of Delaware, Ohio. Judgo Cham bers' speech, iu intro ucing Jude Deady, though it wire short, has surely added another laurel to that most distinguished gen tleman's brow, whilst thu tituitiou could not but give inspiration and elequence to their distinguished visitor on that occaBior. You speak of having .1 mild Wirtter in Oregon; so have wo, with but a few excep tions, tho most prominent of which-is now on the tapis. Saturday, the 21st, Mas rainy, aa has been thvee-louitlu of the weather this Winter. During tho night tho wiud blow a tornado, mid at midnight, changing to the uorth, froze in tho niott substantial mauner, and so continues with unabated fury. Such changes tell most sovercly upon thu wheat crop. Upon the whole, tho pan Fall and Winter have not carried that encouragement to fanners which the seasons tf 1870 and 1880 did; but much of tho timo during tho present VYjuter has been somewhat compensating, by giving to stock green feed and a visiblo mean of support. Tho Winter has beou unhealthy, and many have passed tho limits of timo with the "boatman pale," aud await their friend on tho other shore. Small-pox and scarlet fever still have their terrors for man, whilst epizootic and piiik oyo are menacing man' most valuable auxiliary, tho horso. Somehow I can't help thinking that whero any 0110 can Bincerely adopt tho icntimout of Dr. Watt in that verso whore he say 1 They'll waft us sooner p'er Tliis life's tempestuous sea, Soon wo shall reach tho peucofu! shore Of blest eternity, Lit him ing it and pray for the result. Jons VVateuk. '"K'Sv A f. Vll ir-i 'ill, V f' v '",.tl;a
