I
h
) '
if
?.&
!!
M
M
VOL. XIII.
Ill) o Hi cultural.
OKCIIARDINO.
MUMUKIl '.'.
V htar that sumo communications on fruit
growing will come in duo titnu, .nml wo liiqo
thoy will nut Im long delayed, but tmiit con
fess to iliiMioiitim'iit that micli mi impot taut
item of iioiliiction an frtiit gtowing Inn not
rcceivul inoiu aitt'iitic-it from those persons of
uxperioi.ci-, who aro no well alilo to wnto it
lip. An no otl er yet oiler to dircus it, wo
will procied with tho subject with what
mean nml infotmatioii wo can cnuimnnd.
Wo rfiUo lant Hi-tic of tho importance of
good location!) for successful fruit growing,
nuil without pursuing the subject in a prac
Ileal way in the linn of methods to bo followed
ill cultivation, will now take n glanco nt thu
diilcu-iit ftuitn nvailahlu hcru mid thu linen wo
have for tliuin.
The npplo i king of fruits in thin htitude,
but unfortunately, for yearn past, in Oregon
tho apple hu been subject to depredations of
tho npplo trro louse, which ban injured the
tticn and dostiuyul tho Iniit, though thin
pent ban ilcoioused tomewhnt. It in to he
ho pid ttiat it will dinnppear altogether Re
side tni, a gloat deal of fruit is spotted with
a f lingua growth that nlfecU both tho buf and
the npe, anil this Winter wo find many that
seem In hato small spots of dry tot on the
surface. Hern is a field wo lenvo to ex pes i
i-ncvd orchnidUtH, to explain tho cause and
euro f jr these spots tli.it alfeet ltli treo mid
fruit.
Heretofore tho npplo ha been a Very
ho!'.!iy uud yuceMful treo, and wr still havo
nil wo can uiu, Iretly supplied. The.in com
plaint mu not Hindu everywhere, mid prevail
often to small degree when they tu known.
Thu farnioi' wifo dtios apples, and wo ship
thousands of bushoU to California. Timo do
inonatrattH that some nricties do in.t succeed
here. 'I ho ltambii oneo did well, but mm' is
seldom mi'i but tho best fruits Lenerally lo
thrive and are (if excellent quality. Wlint wo
desire to know fioin all kcelioiiN it: the va
netle that do well mid in what noil and local-
itie certain kimli thtivo and do not llitivo.
Pears do wonderful)- well here, mid thin
volley in tho natural homo of that friit. No
betttr fruit can bo grown. When th North
ern Pacific ro.nl incompleted, air oichardista
will have good dciiiauil for choice peam to
ship Kant. The best varieties for thin piiri,Kso
eliouhl be planted without herniation. Hart
lotts will bo valuable to can, or to dry, or to
ship Kant in a green state; some otlier va
rieties, an the Winter Nclli nud Henri o East
cr, an- ei tain to bo III demand. Information
concerning pears mid tho varieties most cer
tain t !' "1 demand ii needed by nil oicli nil
iaU, I'eople aro apt to net out too many vu
rielicn, w herein tho safest way ii to ho ntiro to
hao a fiw very ehoico varieties of fruitn and
plant uuiiy of a kind.
Win rover tho ji-nch can tin ivo it should bo
planted iiuiiitrously. It in auro to bo in do
maud, and can bo canned or dried to good ad
vantage. Tim records of each neighboihiiod
will give ail idea of the locationn bent united
to pca.h growing, and tho varieties that tin ivo
butt in that motion.
dull n uro very fino witli us, and must bo
in ptcat demand in tho future an our popula
tion iiiciiianeH. They nucccid hero wondei ful
ly nnd dtlicioiibly, mid whuio thoy tin ivo best
Hhuultl lio planted fiecly. Tho Mt.niul.ifil vn
rietieu mo tho lioyal Ann, May Duke, lllack
Hepuhlicau, fJovemof Wood, and tho Maily
Purple (iuii'iio in aUo commended nn u fa
vorite! Iieaiilcn thcHo, olhur variotioa mo valu
able, nnd wo i..vik fiiomlH to ivo nt their
oxpeririico. Chen if can bo canned or dried,
and should bo very prolitablu indeed.
The plum and pruno mo naturally at homo
with ll, and wr look to them an tho surott to
pay a profit. They thrive well on uplniuU nml
bear will. No other fruit yielda moro aliun
ilaiico, and tho quality cannot bo urpaied in
any country. The writer U making a upo
cialty of pluinii, priiium -mid H.utlott pearn,
having tiOOO tnun already bearing and IIOOO
inoio to bet out this HoaHou. Wo hope, within
three yearn, to have ton thousand trecH in
orchard, and nhall plant about 100 pearn,
11000 Ovo'm (lolden Diop plumn, t-VUO Keiuo
ClauilodoJlaxayplumn, lOOOeachoflVyliuuand
Petite d'Agun piuncs, Columbia plums, mid
Wanhington' plums, which wo Bt.ito to show
tho varieties wo prefer. There aro other va
rieties that may bo equally valuable, Wo
have aUo bearing a number of Peach plums,
which aro tho earliest of drying fruit of that
flpuoicH,
Soiuo of those aro drying fruiU, and sumo
aro both for canning or drying. A btrmigo
frmk of publio taste excludes purple nluuis
frotu biing uamioil, without nufllciout reason,
. i.. i ,1..... .1. am.. .,..ll nml
most oefiauiiy, uccaunu nij ux vu. wi.'ii
are rich o.iting. AUo t'10 prunui aro to bo
ilii'.il with the pits in, whilo hoiiiu fruit hit to
be cut before it is driod. A lon nrticlu could
bo writen concerniinj tho various plum and
prnn-H A'nl th-ir best unci. Certain it in tint
many varieties have little value, nnd tho per
non who commences orcharding extensively
must jiost hiiutelf thoioiigldy, mj as to know
what varieties to iucludo or exclude, or elce he
may raio fruit without profit.
Wo have touched lightly on a broad field,
and invito all who have experience- to elabor
ate upon what we have said. Tho topic in in
lorentiiig simply because fruit growing l a
veiy iuterenting pursuit, but its importance
consists of the fact that fruit culture oilers
great rewaidn to those who know how "to la
Uir mid to wait." California iictit up nud nl
mont stripped our best numcrys of their belt
varieties this year, simply b caupc thoy h.ivo
piovcd there that it pays to grow pears, chef
lion, plums nud prunes, mid they sent heie,
becauso tho demand there was nbote the sup
ply. California wins enormous returns fiom
its orchards, and there is no naou why Ore
gon and Washington should not bo equally
successful in tho lino of fruits that wo can
glow here to food advantage.
MTcomlcnce.
Tho owl as a Quail Exterminator.
Tfit.Nfclt, (Jr., feb. -I, lfc.82.
Kditcr W illauietto 1'aruieri
List week a party brought me .n largo
homed owl to be stuired. While itibmitting
tho bird to taxidcrmal inauipulatiuiis, 1 ob
servoil that ho was very fat, and after duly
mounting his skin in position, I romoved tho
fat from tho body nnd "tried it out," getting
nearly half a pint of clear oil. Here is food
for rellection touching tiie game laws problem
Not that n diet of 04 1 grc.no is calculated to
sharpen the intellect, but the s.imo question
a rial r, in regard to owls as did to the !oy as to
tho miller's hogs : what d i thoy get fat on ?
Prom owls kept in captivity wo can arrive at
a pietly accurate conclusion as t thu nniutiut
of daily mstenanco n quired by an owl with a
vigorous appetite, and 1 consider that one
uuail tier diem, or its eiiuivalent, is within
reatouabln bounds as a li.is.s to calculate
from. Then, supposing Mr. Owl lived exclu
sively upon adult quail, 1105 of the-o would be
destroyed each year by each individual owl.
Hut as a "hunter out of .easou" the owl ex
ceeds the most ruthless "pot hunter." lie
taken the blooding quail liom her ucst,
snatches her from her untlcdged joung, uor
sp.uen these latter either, but like the .Sliaug
haul chicken, ho ents up everything ho can
ovcilul; so that 1 itssiiuie tliat,'U0 quail less
each ycur would only n nder on- owl capable
of yielding lialf a pint of oil at uiid-w inter.
Hut as the owl does not e uliiie himielf exeju.
sively to quail, but eats every grouse, plieas -nut,
plover, spatrow, thrii'h, lark or other
useful bird that he can cntch napping, fiom
the egg in the ucst to tho full-grown bird, it
is very prolublo that 1,0011 or I, '-'00 useful
bit ds aro sacrificed annually to keep each largo
owl in good condition. Count tho satin' for
evciy largo hawk, mid at least ono half as
much for tho other smaller i.nwks nml owis,
mid also thu crows and jays, wlucli mo
equally destiuctivo, and soin . idea may lu
obtained of thu iuiuieiiso destruction of uitect
eating and game birds by those agencies. All
the pot hunting mid trapping th.it is of would
be cariied on in Oregon, even if no game laws
existed, would not equal ill destruction tlio
owls alone. A pot hunter in tlio market can
leali.o nbout six cents each for quails, ten
cents for pheasants, twelve nnd a half cants
for giouso, nnd smaller ganiu birds in proper
tion they uro woi th more to the farmer as
insect destroyers and for this small pittance
thoy aro hunted to the verge of exteimiiia
tion, while a luwk, owl, crow or j.iy is en
tirely valueless in the market, yet liejwlio
kills ono of these latter does tho community a
real service, which has a lid ney value.
In view of these facts, would it not be thu
part of wisdom for our State J.egislatuio, in
addition to tho g.uno laws restraining tho hu
man bined from tho useless dostructh u of
useful buds, to oiler smalt bounties for the
heads and scalps of predacious .birds mid nui
mnls, Oncu mnUu thusu latter ah valuable to
tho hunter na the ho-callcd game, and they
would soon be us scarce, mid gauio would be
correspondingly ns abundant, nml thu whole
people of Oregon would be benefitted. Hero's
reason mid argument. Natukai.iht.
t i
Burglary Hear Turner.
TuitNKuTor., Feb. 0, ISS'2.
Kditor Wiltnmetto Farmers
Tho dwelling houso of Mr, J. 11, Foster,
half n mile from this place, was burgUuizedon
Friday afternoon, tho lid iuftt. Tlio family
vufi) away from homo, sttud
PORTLAND, OREGON,
turning, almost canidit tho burK'ar at his
business. She did heir him in the houitc, and
saw him run away, nnd noted tho direct ion
taken by him Homo orn pasiinit along tho
road noon after, Mrs. Foster sent word to this
place, nnd thrco or four of our citizens went
out and tracked tho fellow across tho field'',
tracing him to a hoil"e where Im railed, nnd
not a prutty good description of him. After
following tho trail two milfs or more, night
came on, and the pursuit was discontinued. A
saloon is usually a uood placf. to "see a man,"
oipecially in a country town, and that night
tlio boys were around. Sure enough, a while
after dark, in walked a chap who'; appear
mice pleased them, and c was interviewed
acioidingly. The interviewed was a new
comer, just from Sab in, and lately from
Ohio, and was hunting work. Tho boy
thoui;lit that a job could bo found for him,
nnd being a stranger, thoy took him in. On
his eximiualioii before Justice Matt"on the
next day, tho evidence produced was deemed
Midicictit that ho bo held to answer tho chargo
"f burglary in a dwelling bouse in tho sum of
S'.'OO. In default of bondsmen ho was com
mitted to jail. No booty was secured from
the houe entered, but it is tirob.ibla that tho
man ha found a job of work. He gives his
name ns William Campbell, is about I'.O years
ot ago, !,elow medium big'it, blueish grey
even, brown, straight, noft hair, light sandy
iiiustn.'hc, hoard sh-ivcd clow, complexion
light, no freckles, claims to bo a carpenter, is
intelligent and of fairly pleasant appearance
and nddren, smokes, and most probably tnkc
a drink of beer occasionally; dressed in black
clothes, good but well worn throughout, me
dium sized, will weigh aliout l.w pounds.
This n:uii may bo innocent, but the whipping
fKiiit needs to bo usod in Oregon for tho pun
ishment of certain clashes of misdemeanors.
11. 0. Hkmia.n.
From Linn County.
Swkct Homk, Or., Jan. 27, lSS'-
IMitor Willamcttu Farmer:
Think-in;; that tho readers of your paper
would liko to hear from this part of Oregon,
I will endeavor to write a few lines. The
Winter hero, so far, except the last two days,
lias been very mild. On the morning cf the
'Jfith tilt wo hud the first snow to speak of;
it was four niches deep, but it has nearly all
disappeared. There is not much doing hire
this Winter; the principal employment is
hunting deer with the hounds, until nearly
all of them have been killed or run olT; and
now tho dogs, for a change, have turned loose
on my sheep. Now I pr-'poso to keep a sharp
look out until I see tho ric.ht one), and then I
will turn lnoeo with my gun until I extermi
nate all siuh dogs. The young men and some
of the old hao organized a debating society,
nnd they have hem discussing some very im
portant subjects, such as dpit.nl Punishment,
Woman .SiillVage, Secret S 'cieties, Temper
ailco Question, etc., and all teem to feel satis
fied in tho way it ii conducted.
Tho people of this vicinity are pleased with
tho new grist mill, run and owned by William
Sauford and S. Doty, It is much mo e con
venient than to go ten miles to mill, as wo
usually hid to do before Ibis one was built.
Abbott it Co havo their new siw-mill in
in running ordir now, and aro ready to fill
any bill that will come to their mill, so you
see that Sweet Homo is still alive.
Koine of tho neighbors aro slashing brush
and prepnring to sow grass seed, while some
otliciv are fencing that that thoy havo bowed.
As this is tho only tiling wo can do to make
such land pay us anything, wo propose to
go after it; wo sow Timothy, Orchard grass
and .Mosquito sted; Timothy on the bot
tom laud, and Orchard grass mid Mosquito
seed on tho upland tho Mesquitosccnis to bo
bucoiiiing more popular in this vicinity. Some
people seem to think that this thing of clear
ing bind and sowing grass seed makes poor
pay, but I think that I havo soeu worse
things, or things tbatiaid less. There is
moro pay in stock than in anything else, and
tho moro grass tho better thu pay. Now, Mr.
I'M i tor, if you think tlwiso fow remarks
worthy of a little corner in your valuable
paper publish them and may tho F.utMKit
over live. K, 0. Jackson,
Suoep-KUlluK Docs.
McCoy, Or., Jan. 27, IS82.'
Fditof Willamette Farmer j
If you will allow mo a little space, 1 will
mako nil oil hand shot nt tho shccp-killing ani
mals. 1 often sco communications on this
subject, but yet, in my opinion, most of them
shoot wido of tho mark. For the last ton
years 1 have triod to keep a little Hock of
Bhocp, but Inst Winter I sold them nud gave
it up ns n bad job, ns thu indispensable curs
got away with the in faster than I could raise
them, witli a little assistance from tlio much
degraded eayotes but a very small per cent-
lit- tho lsiler. altboimli thnv nniwsr-tndini
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1882.
tolerably plentiful in this neighborhood. I
have suffered nothing from them in compari
son to the dogs, yet there appear to bo no
remedy when we geo such affectionate love for
the indispensable cur. It appears to do but
little tfrVd to kill them; when you kill one,
there aro two more ready for the work by the
tjmi ytm renew your flock of nhecp. Three
year ago this Spring, thro; of mv neighbor'
dog tnado a partnership job of killing my
Ismbs, and they male clean work of it; out of
twenty lamb they left six. I put out strych
nine and killed thrm. That -mn Spring, a
nciglilxjr'n non went to visit another neigh
bor, where they chanced to have a litter of
younsr dog, and on heing asked if he didn't
want a young dog, he promptly replied, "I
want two, ns -vo have but five do, and we
would like to hare seven " So you scp, Mr.
Hditor, bv the next Sprint? this bind of seven
dog were ready to devour my limbs and alio
another neighbor's lamb, and that neighbor
got a little indignant, and ho took the job off
my hand and he killed the band of seven
dog. But in the m".nntime a newlv married
cuple emigrated from Tillamook county, and
tho most of their wealth consisted in a little
whito cur, and the little cur did not appear to
be very well pleased wih his new home, and
ho roamed the neighborhood and finally made
a raid on a band of shc-p and got his dose
Hut this wa onlv the beginning of sorrow;
th new bride was heart stricken, and she
made vijilant search, and at last found hi
dead body, and with tho aid of a hand sleigh,
she removal his dead body homi, and with
many tear consigned him. to a tomb. So you
see, Mr. ' Kditor, amid such deep sorrow and
tears f'-iao indispensable cur, it is but 1'ttlo
usa to tr vtahrfeD a Qocl- of sheen without we
can get some rVmedy. it rtpjieart to mo our
legislature could introduce a law to prohibit
any family from kcepinc more than one dog;
it would bo of great alue to tho sheepmen
and sheep husbandry. Sasickl Konm.vs.
Weather Report for January, 1832.
During January, 1SS2, there were 13 days
on which rain fell, and an aggregate of o.Gu
inches of water; six clear days and thirtr en
cloudy days other than those on which rain
or snow fell.
The mean temperature for the month was
30 deg.
Highest daily mean temperature for the
month, 40 deg. on the 4 th.
Lowist daily moan temperature, 22 deg. on
the 211th.
Mean temperature for tho mouth at 2
o'clock r. M., 42.22 deg.
Highest temperature for the month, 4S deg.
at 2 v. it. on tHe 1st, 2d andoth.
Lowest temperature, 0 deg. at 7 a. t. on
the 211th.
Frosts occurred on the 7th, Sth, 10th, 11th,
12th. 13th, 14th 13th, Kith, 17th, IStli, 23d,
21th, 2oth, 20th, 27th, 2Sth, 20th, 30th and
31st.
A very little snow fell on tho 10th, which
melted as it reached tlio ground. Snow fell
on tl.o 2(Jth, and on the morning of tho 27th;
there was 10 inches of very light snow on the
gioimd, which settled down during tlio day
1 1 about 0 inches. In tho valley near here the
snow was perhaps not moro than 4 inches
deep. Lunar halo on the 30th.
The prevailing winds for tho mouth were
from tho south" est duriiiL' 13 day s, north 11
days, south 4 days.
liming January, 1SS1, there were 11 days
during which rain fell, and 7.79 in. of water;
5 clear day and If) cloudy days.
Mean temperature for tho mouth, 39.21 deg.
Highest daily mean temperature for tho
noiith, J'J deg. on tho 11 th.
Lowest daily nitan temperature for tho
mouth, 20 deg. on the 22d.
T. 1'EAltCK,
Kola, Feb. 1, 1SS2.
Note by tho Kditor. It must be remem
bered that Mr. Poarco lives on tho Kola hills,
and at tho samo time snow was never two
inches deep at Portland, and went oil during
tho day.
Washington 'AKrlculturai Fair-Time for Hold
ins It Changed.
ilis.i.snouo, Or., Feb. 0, 18S2.
Kditor Willamette Farmer!
At a meeting of tho Directors of tho Wash
ington County Agricultural Society, held in
Hillsloro, Feb. 4th, it was deeded U change
"tho timo of holding tho annual Fair from
Sept. 23th, 2tltb, 27th, 28th and 29th to July
3rd, 4th, 0th, 0th nud 7th, and hold an Agri
cultural Folr iu October, tho exact time not
yet set.
You vJill pleaso publish tho abovo in your
paper "By order of Board,
R. S. PERKINS, "President.
J, A, Imiikik, Sec,
BO Cards (no 2 alike), 10 cents; 35 lovely
floral, 10 cents; 25 transparent (nobby scenes!,
iu oeuts) vo nana ana bouquets, so ceuis;
.umjiuxiu.l.l'UiMUmr.l,,, tvaranxm.
WHAT STRAHOKR3 THINK Or OREGON AND
OREOONIANS.
Wo met the other day with two vell in
formed farmers, who have come here in mid
winter, from Missouri, to see Western Oregon
in the worst season of the year, with view to
makinc their future home in our State. They
are both men of means, well educated, and
well fixed at home, but are seeking a milder
climate and exemption from the terrible
itorms that so frequently devastate the West.
They have traveled over Texas, but say the
many advantaee of that recion, nhoso equa
ble climate and rich soil aro all that can he
desired, arp neutralized by the frequency of
drouths that mike crops too uncertain. So
they have come to look at O'egon, to judge
for themselves a to its good qualities. Kan
sas was well advertised by railroids, so that
the prospect of many who went there were
mined by failure. Mmv States are adver
tised a possessing qualities that they do not
have, so they concluded to see for themselves
whether Oregon answers to the claims made
by its advocates, and after travelling through
th! State from Siskiyou to Portland, stopping.
all abmg tho route and examinine and inquir
ing for themselves, they feel satisfied that this
country answers all their expectations.
Tuesday, when we met them, was a raw,
blustery day. with a cutting South wind that
ended in a steady rain, probably the worst
day of our whole winte-, but these gentlemen
were amused at the sneeestion that the day
was particularly uncomfortable, and iBatd it
would not be considered so in Missouri. They
have noticed that the last month, spent on
this Coast, has showed less clouds and rain
than the preceding month spent east of the
'Rocky mouulaiiis ; aad inqrad of needing
here with a continual downpour and heavy
and drenching rains, they have met with
many very pleasant days of actual sunshine;
the rains have been gentle and warm, bearing
no comparison with tho heavy rain storms of
the East. For a month past they have seen
farmers plowing and put'ing in wheat, and
summer-fallowed wheat del Is, and all that
was sown in the fall, look in lieat possible
condition. They put in wheat in Missouri,
but early in the fall,- early in September, ami
to do it they are obliged to plow the ground
in a hot and dusty sea-on, when the labor is
severe on both man and beast. They havo
the chinch bug to contend against, after the
wheat has lived through the winter ami makes
a good showing, and spring wheat they do not
veuture to grow.
Here, they find it actually po-sible to sow
wheat every mouth in the year, and this is
literally true, though' not often expedient.
Winter wheat can be siwn to good advantage
through all the Fall and Winter months, and
Spring wheat is nown through March, April,
May, and often iu early June.
They wcro surprised to find that corn does
as well in Jackson omuty as in Missouri, as
they found to bo true upon inquiry; they also
believe Ja ksou county (or Rogue River Val
ley) to be a natural homo for orchards, as we
claimed for it in our article two weeks ago.
Tln-y say, however, that land owners are so
set up with the propeot of a railroad that
they hold land at as high a figure there as it
is held at in tho Willamette Valley. What
has surprised them most of all has been to see
that our wiutsr climate is so temperate, that
our seasons aro so regular ami reliable, and
that crops aro so uniform and satisfactory.
At the East they are in constant fear ol the
recurrence of thoso terrible cyclones that oc
casionally devastate tho country, destroying
life and property. Kven without them, they
aro subject to heavy storms, such as wo actu
ally know nothing of. In January, 18S0, a
wind storm swept from Southwestern Oregon
to Northeastern Washington, for seven hun
dred miles, throwing many trees nnd doftig
somo damage, but that is the only storm of
magnitude known siuco this country was first
settled. There is no natural indication to
show that auy similar storm hai swept over
this country in a century. With all its vio
lence this storm oniy equals tho ordinary wind
storms known east of tho Rocky mountains,
that frequently occur. Our travelers found
in tho fact of our comparative immunity from
storms and tloods a great argument in favor
of Oregon,
Rath of those gentlemen aro inclined to lo
cate where they can combuio stock raisiug
with farming, and to our suggestion that the
Umpqua Valley affords the best facilities for
carrying out their scheme, becauso it is tho
natural homo fir sheep, with its sn.ooUi
grassed, oak-crowned hills ami intervening
valleys, they auswerod thoy had spent consid
erable timo there and seemed to thiuk they
hould locato there. A sheep range of 17C0
avres, 400 acres of which is good plow land,
thoy said could be bought in tho Umpqua for
i-?r'T--r''Lvmx
NO.
5&
Umpqua Valley should be popular with in-""
tending settlers.
When wo rather insisted that these gentfo
men ought to visit Eastern Oregon and ther
Walla Walla country, they answered that it
was of no use, they had found what thsy cam
after and they should come here, if at all, to
realize the climate and advantages posesseJ
by the valleys of Western Oregon, so the
had no inducement to so further.
AVe were interested in learning the opinforf
of enterprising and intellijent farmers front
abroad as to our methods, and learned that
they consider our farmers lacking in the dili
gence and effort that make Western farmer
succeisful. They saw much indifferent farm
ing; too little tudy, and slack work in many
instances, and we incline to think they were
correct. Wild oats. French pinks, tar-weeol,
and many o'her weeds, have a font-hold, and
must be put out of existence. They wonder'
that wo do so little with gras and clover, and
they sustain the oft repeated assertion of the
Faumeb, that our farmers must certainly com
bine stock-raising with farming to bo thor-
ouchly successful.
They did not like Ciliforni.n. with its bipf
ranches where a hired man is less consequence)
than a neero slave nsed to be in Mississippi.
They did not enjoy living in a Stato where
they were warned, a thev were there, not to
speak out loud when they called the Central
Pacific a detestable monopoly. Tne last man
they saw in California, who lived on tho Sis
kiyou mountain ride, close to the Orezon line,
almost astraddle of it, took offense becauso
they accused the railroads of ownine and run
ning the Stato of California, and they were
glad to get over the mountain and into
State where men were spot in fear of their
lives because f a railroad monopoly. Thqr
say they wero'snrprised at" "the'differdnce, fcV
in all Oregon they have not found any ono
who was at all afraid to speak his mind. Wo
do not believe it will be possible for tho timo
ever to come when railroad influence will ter
rorize this Stite or Washington Territory aa
it does California.
We omitted to siy that these gentlemen
favor sheep-raising especially, and are attract
ed thereto by the fact that the wool growers
of this region receive more for their wool than
do the wool growers of Missouri, besides
which our sheep grow much heavier fleeces.
We do not even know these gentlemen's
names or their location, merely happening to
sit with them in acar and engage iu desultory
conversation, and write up their views be
cause it is good to occasionally learn from a
stranger the impression ho receives from us.
While they do not bestow unmerited praise,
yvt they show a very cordial appreciation of
our people, ami viewing Oregon under diffi
culties, find it exceeds their expectations.
Facts about Idaho Territory.
Correspondence LeuUton New.
With your permission I will auswer somo
questions, which have been put to me by
many farmers and on which I have thorough
ly experimented.
Question Which pays the best to sell, pork
or bacon?
Answer I killed ono hog last year that
weighed 2S7 lbs.; cured it to bacon, nnd it
brought mo moro money in bacon nt 15 j per,
pound than it would in pork at 9c por pound.
There is a scientific process of cutting up your
nork to make oood bacon of it. and that is to
leave the shoulder and side together and tako
all the bone out. I find that this plan makes
bacon much more nico and sweet, and is
worth more and not so much troublo to cure.
The philosophy of this process is that tho meat
absorbs the pickle uiore thoroughly than when
the bones are left in.
Some of my friends in the Eastern States
want to know what wo feed our cows upon in
Winter in this country. One acre of rutiba
cas grown here will make 500 bushels of feed,
sufiicieut for five cows for three mouths with
hay. I refer hero to milch stock, because If
you want a cow to give milk iu the Winter
you must take care of her and feed her well,
I milk ono cow this Winter; sho gets all the
hay and rutabagas she call cat, and gives In
return thrco gallons of strained milk per day
from which we make niiie pounds of butter
por day, which is big pay. I nnd carrot to be
good feed for horses and cattle, and I have
raised as much as ten tons to the acre on a
hillside with a northeasterly aspect. This
statement will make east of the Rocky moun
tains open their eyes, but it is a plain state
ment of fact and is done every season in this
neighborhood.
There are a great many men who come out
West thinking the people here are a set of
greenhorns who know nothing; these, I notice,
are the very first to become dissatisfied and
turn their bicks upon ovirythiug nnd ever)
body, oursiuj tho o untry an I declaring tha
liltuiijgasauil 'uwboiioix tho only legal tcude
out here. We have plenty of that, 'tis true,
but that is better than nothing, and any
farmer hero can give a man a good square, meal
and that is moro than I met with in Kansas,
and I lived there six months in wlut was
called the best portion of the State. The foot
is that this country oiler any amount of good
oppoi Utilities to men who don't expect to
make a living out of nothing, and are not in
too L'roat a hurrv to net rich. Those who in-
tend comiug here, but have not the energy t
work nor tho patience to wait, should stay
wnere vnoy aro, jor wiey win otTitny i
nam nBWi.
j1
i '".