Willamette farmer., January 27, 1882, Page 7, Image 7

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WILLAMETTE FARMEK: PORTLAND, OREGON, JANUARY 27, 1882
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DRAFT HORSES.
"Observer," In Breeder's Gaiette.
Draft horses have been essentially imported
" in this country by the importation of entire
hones of foreign breeds t cross with our
I common mares. The cross has prodnctd a
f grade of excellent workers, usually little Iowct
f in statue than the sire, closer coupled in form,
fraud better adapted to different pursuits of in-
tdustry. The cross is more active, better
i Adapted for use over our hills and highways,
etter suited to the plow, the lumber wagon,
the light dray, or merchants' dispatch, than
the imported draft horse. Examples of this
grade were formerly raised in Vermont, and
: in some other sections of the Northern States.
iTbey were evidently a cross from the French
draft breeds an i xcellent work horse brought
over from France by the early settles of Can
ada upon our common mares.
The horse will become adapted to the sou
sand climate where he is bred. He lull be
t prepared to stand the privations of hunger,
Cheat and cold, of his native hills, by the na-
Itural laws that govern the seasons and bring
forth the fruits of the earth for subsistence.
rhese native grades were easily acclimated
and made powerful horses for all work. They
S stood from 15 to 16 hands high, and weighed
from 1,200 to 1,400 pounds. They found a
e ready sjle at remunerative prices in the mar
I kets of the Eastern and Middle States.
The Conestoga is a native American draft
horse, that originated in the Conestoga valley
f of Pennsylvania. They are large, muscular
I horses, standing 17 hands high, rather lighter
' in carcass than the English draft horses, and
', therefore more active for road wok. This
portion of Pennsylvania was first settled ly
lOermaas. It would be natural, and in per-
ect accordance with the first settlers, to have
brought over from Germany the old German
for Flemish cart horse, and those probably
t formed the basis of the breed. The Conesto-
. gas have the uniform color of the old Flanders
' breed, which is Btrong evidence that thoy do
; loended from that race. They have spread
i' over many of the Western States, where .they
(5s are used in large wagons with tour horses to
? .. , I 1 Lt --.
; carry tne mineral ami regetauie prouueuons
of the earth to distant markets.
The early importations from England were
the old style English carthorse a ponderous,
overgrown animal, whose enormous body,
' overloaded with flesh, is too much for his legs
to stand under. The supeifluous flesh is dead
weight that encumbers the frame. Weight of
!, carcass or height does not imply strength.
I. The well formed horse, deprived of superflu-
r ous flesh, and one and one-half inches lower
-under the standard, would outdraw, outlive
(or ontwork in any capacity, these large, clam
kiy draft horses. . The large class are bred in
England for brewers' carts. They are de
ligned, with a stately form, for a grand
how, and are more for ornament than util
ity. When these gigantic stallions are bred
to our mares they usually bring forth a me
dinm sized colt, between two extremes of sire
;and dam. The colts are shorter coupled than
the sire, and appear to have more bone and
substance in proportion to weight. Their
'good, form and even make-up show a decided
Improvement over their clumsy ancestors.
'They are divested of the beefy heels and
p "logy" action that charterizes those ponderous
specimens of horseflesh.
The Clydesdale has been extensively im
f. ported into the United States and Canada of
IS late years. They are an improved English
draft horse, very celebrated in Scotland,
"where thoy were first bred. The Duke of
Hamilton conceived the idea of converting the
i English cart horse into a more shapely animal.
He bad recourse to foreign crosses, with a
view to increase the bone and substance of
the cross, so as not to diminish their strength,
while he bred out some superfluous flesh that
enonmbered the action of the. old. cart horse.
, Whether this is the best draft horse as
claimed by its breeders that could be bred
( in England, or not, it is certainly an improve
ment on the old English cart horse, and many
' well informed persons claim that they have no
. superiors in the world.
The Percheron -Norman is another distinct
I breed of draft horses. They were imported
I into this country from 'La Perche a depart-
Lment in the interior of France. They are
almost invariably gray. They are claimed to
thave descended from a race of gray horses
fused as war charges by the Saracens in their
tinvasion of France, and, according to the
legends of war, captured centuries ago by the
' victorious French upon the battle-field. The
color evidently has been bred in-until it has
become a fixed inheritance. There is a par-
F tiality to gray in' this part of France. Near
' the middle of the present century two gray
; Arabian stallions were standing in La Perche
for the nse of Percheron mares. At several
Other periods in the history of the race, Barb
and Arabian stallions were imported into this
Motion of France to improve their breed of
hones. The Percheron lot t nothiny in weight
or strength, but gained symmetry and action
by this cross with the Oriental steeds of the
.daaert. The Arab sire, when taken frosa hi
f native soil and crossed with foreign dams, will
often breed larger horses than tne sire or dam,
I The breed appears to expand, thrive and grow
Elaree. when removed from the parched p
laands of Arabia to a more fruitful soil and
nial climate. The French in this section of
ha Rtata ire verv entenuiaincr and enthusi-
Fastic in improving their breed of herses. They
claim to have the finest breed in France, and
LH w a lanu oi une uoreca. xuey are uua w
be unsurpassed for superior draft horses by
oy ovner niuuu in wrc l-iviiucu wuriu.
If is claimed that the form of the Percheron
ire him the command of all his strength to
M best advantage; mat wey are. more power
si in proportion to weight, nd that tber will
yitand hard work.- put on more flesh with the
?;least food, bear greater privations, and live to
is more advinced age tban other breeds. Ills
economy "to breed a class of horatsj-.wbos dl
gestive powers are0"aeiT;a toVrind their
own provender and seep 1st while 'at' hard
work on a limited amount of food.' We bave
the starting points in the large arambcr of
Percheron stallions scauereo owtr tncwest-
i States, to breed a very hardy race of ex-
Jlent draft horses.
Ji;;cclIaiic0uf.
THREE FRIENDS OF THE FAMILY.
A 1)00 STORT.
From the American Cultivator
The other day I chanced to find, in a dark
alcove of the library, a little book about -Iocs.
It had evidently not had many readings, but
I. hiving a greater fondness for animals than
for most human beings, took it to a comfort
able window seat and spent a half-hour over
it. It proved to be a story of the dogs of ever
so many countries, telling how they were
worshipped in some and despised in others.
One tribe in Africa used to elect a dog for its
king, and give him a comfortable place on a
golden throne. When the people asked a
question and he wagged his tail they sup
posed he said yes) if he growled they took
the answer to bo unfavorable, and acted ac
cordingly. All this was very interesting, but on clos
ing the book I thought of my own three dogs,
and that tho history of their lives would be as
entertaining as if they hail lived hundreds of
years ago. Three dogs ? Yes; it seems a pity,
doesn't it, that one shouldn't have as long a
lifetime as-human beings. You can't imagir.e
the dog of the household dying any more
than the baby, and scarcely like any better
to think of it.
The first was a greyhound a sit ek, grace
ful, gentleman-like fellow. His mistress was
going to Europe, and wishing to be sure that
Don had the best of care, left him with us.
He was kept chained for days after she went,
because her home was only three miles away,
and we were sure he would go back there to
find her. He was a sorrowful dog enough in
those days of captivity, because he was fond
of nothing so much as the free air and sun
shine, and a good stretch of pasture or
meadow laud in which to exercise those long
legs of his. But when we dared trust him
outside the bouse without being watched he
was at once perfectly happy. Such long leaps
as he took over walls and fences, and such a
happy day as it was when he was allowed to
follow the carriage; the greater number of
miles it went the better for him. He had
some tricks which rather put the farmers of
the town out 'of patience. One was running
at full speed through a flock of chickens,
when he was so fortunate as to find one by
the roadside, taking a snap on the nay and
coming out with his mouth full of feathers
Once I always have to stop and laugh to
think how poor Don disgraced himself ! a
lovely summer evening, he went to make a
call with Kate. Don became very impatient
to go home. He put his great paws in Kate's
lap and made the queer, whining noi-e which
always meant that he wanted to be off and
away, and only stayed out of politeness.
When they finally started he went on in
front, jumping over fences and back again
into the road, running on with great leaps
and then bounding back. Suddenly Kate
missed him, and supposed he had been so un
gallant as to hurry home and leave her. All
at once she heard a rushing noise, and a half
dozen cattle jumped over the wall, crosted the
road, leaped another fence and swept away
across the field. She had an idea that Don
might be at the bottom of this disturbance,
but not seeing him anywhere, judged it best
to go home. Only a few steps further, and
there was Mr. Jones, the owner of the cattle,
coming down the lane and muttering some
thing under his breath. As he was a very
pious old man I can't pretend to say what it
was.
"Did you see my cattle I" he asked, out of
breath. "I 'wish people would have their
dogs killed or keep them at home. Wasn't
there a dog with them?"
"I didn't see any," said Kate, guiltily, try
ing to shield Don, though it was very true
that she hadn't seen him chasing the herd.
Just then, to her despair, Don came up with
an easy jog-trot as innocently as if he had
never heard of cattle.
"I'd give a good deal to know how it hap
pened," said Mr. Jones. "Why, here's the
dog and it's yours,"
"Oh, so it is," said Kate, faintly, "Don,
how could yon be so naughty ?"
Don rubbed bis nose affectionately on her
hand, and looked at the old gentleman uncon
sciously, as if to say, "What a fuss over a
broken-down fence and a few scared cattle ?"
But the poor fellow's reputation was none the
better in the neighborhood for that night's
frolic If a calf, or even a hen was missing.
the farmers shook their heads wisely and
said, "That dog ought to be killed."
You know greyhounds are always thin, and
that is a mark of beauty in their family to
show as many ribs as possible. Don dis
played most of his bones to the admiring
gaze, the smooth, shining skin drawn tightly
over them. But certain compassionate old
ladies, not being familiar with the greyhound
nature, were 'disturbed, fearing the poor dog
was being slowly starved to death. One of
them, while Don was in the kitchen with
Kate, who had taken the country privilege of
"running in" at the back door and making a
morning call, benevolently offered him a
price of bread and butter. Don took it in his
month as if he really hadn't the heart to re
fuse, then slowly opened his jaws and let it
drop to the floor, while he looked at it as if
to say, "Very sorry indeed, but I couldn't
eat anything so common aa bread and butter,
you know. If it were a bit of tenderloin, done
to a turn, I might accept it, but bread no
indeed I
Well, we became more and more fond of
him. When he first came to the bouse no
body expected to be very much attached to
him, because we bad never kept a dog, and
didn't Jenow what important members of the
family ,uvy joaqc lacraacivc. 1UUKB uou
for, a few months would be like having any
other visitor, a pleasure while' it lasted, but
nothing to be very sorry for when it was
over. Bat as .the time drew near for hit mis
tress' return it was noticed that each member
of the family became very tender with Don.
He had bits of meat between meals, and was
allow ed to follow tho carriage every time it
went out. No one made a call, or did an
errand without inviting Don to go, too. He
was an honored guest, and took it all very
gracefully. When the day arrived fur his de
parture we were all too sad to try to be
merry. He had a particularly good breakfast
and ever so many more caresses than usual,
and in the forenoon his mistress came, glad to
seo us all and glad to see him. Don was only
polite to her; he licked her hand and wagged
his tail mildly, but you must remember that
she only owned him a few months before he
came to us, and so ho was really more at
tached Jo his new friends than the old. He
gave us a very reproachful look when we told
him to get into the carriage, but did it qui
etly and was driven away.
No one mentioned him until the next day,
when grandma said suddenly, "Now, girls,
remember, we never will have another dog.
They are sure to die or go msd,and it doesn't
piy to grow fond of anything only to lose it.
I do believe I couldn't have cared more for
any friend than I did for Don." We all
agreed with her, we would never have
another dog. Years went by and we held to
pur resolution. Then one Summer Harry
went to Prince Edward Island, and when he
came home brought the funniest, dearest,
wickedest looking Newfoundland pup you
ever saw. His nose was saucy, his eyes black
and twinkling, and his puppy feet as awk
ward as possible., We said we wouldn't and
couldn't keep him, and then he caught grand
ma's dress inhis teeth and rolled over and over,
winding himself up in it till nobody could
help laughing, and we vowed the puppy
should stay. Harry named him King Olaf,
from some story of a sea king of the north,
but wo only gave him the first half of his
title. I couldn't begin to tell you all the
Btories of his puppy hood; it is sufficient to
say that he was as mischievous, as nolile nnd
good-tempered as a dog need be. When he
grew up he was of use" in dozens of ways,
going to the postoffico for letters and bringing
them safely home, carrying notes to our
neighbor across the way, and always lying in
in the hall at night to guard us, and giving a
deep growl when ho heard the slightest noise.
So time went on until and oh, T am so sorry
to tell you wnat happened 1 King was in the
hayfield with tho men, following them about
as they worked. We never knew how it all
happened; King must have been either awk-
Iward or careless, but at any rate ho was
dreafully cut by the mowing machine, so that
the most merciful thing was to shoot him.
Tho men said his dear, soft eyes were full of
pain, and that he looked a language he could
not speak, as if iinplqring them to help hiin.
We did not see him at all, but Kate covered
his grave with spicy, fragrant pinks, which
bloom every Summer and keep his memory
sweet.
Then of course we declared anew that no
dog should ever again win our hearts only to
break them. And no dog did for at least
two years. One Winter morning, when there
was a light snow, Harry came in, saying :
"Mother; there is a strange dog in the
wood-shod. One of his feet seems to be
hurt."
Mother was making rye drop cakes for
breakfast, and she stopped only to say :
"Well, give him something to eat 'and then
turn him out."
It was evident that she tried to be as hard
and matter-of-fact as possible.
"Turn out a lame dog I" cried Kate. "Why
mother, suppose somebody hod done that to
King !"
"Then let him stay awhile in the shed,"
said mother, "Kate, I'm not going to pet
any-dog, no matter how lame he is. The next
thing we know he will be staying here in high
feather."
But in half an hour Kate surprised her ex
amining the dog's foot, while he greedily
lapped a dish of warm milk.
"It looks as if something heavy had
been dropped on his paw. Kate, it really
is too cold here for any living thing. I
believe 111 let him lie by the kitchen fire
to-day."
He was a large, honest mastiff, rather thin
and sorry-looking, as if he bad not had good
care, but he was a grateful dog, and anxious
to show his thanks. He stayed by the warm
fire till the foot was well, and then why
then he still stayed. We advertised him; be-
cuase he was such a fine fellow that it seemed
a pity his master should lose him, but no one
ever came for him. Did he die, too ? Bless
you, no; he was our only successful specula
tion in dogs, and he is the pet and treasure of
the house to-day.
Without Capital
It is bad beginning business without capital.
It is hard marketing with empty pockets.
We want a nest egg, for hens will lay where
there are eggs already. It is true yon must
bake with the flour you have, but what if the
sack is empty. Making brick without straw
is easy enough compared with making money
when you have none to start with. You young
gentleman, stay as a journeyman a little
longer, till yon have saved a few pounds.
Fly when your wings have got feathers; but
if you try it too soon, yon will be like the
young rook that broke its neck through trying
to fly before it ws fledged. Every minnow
wants to be a whale, but it is prudent to be
little first while you have but little water;
when your pond becomes a sea then swell as
much as you like. Trading without capital is
like building a bouse without bricks, making
a fire without sticks, burning candles without
wicks. It leads men into tricks, and lands
them in a fix. Spuryecn.
It yon send in a new subscriber you get
four months credit on your own subscrip
tion; for two new subscribers you get eight
months, and for three new names a whole
year, mere ts no neighborhood in Oregon or
Washington where any man who will take a
little pains cannot get three new names if he
will make a slight effort.
Importance of the Agricultural Press to
Farmers.
The agricultural press ever thrusts itself
into the farmer's home, and not only brings
to his attention the facts which are to regu
late the disposal of his work, and offers op
portunity, for comparison with others in the
same field, but is educational the private
tutor for each home showing him the nature
of the economics which a growing age re
quires, and furnishing, through a succession
of facts, the trustworthiness of its teaching.
We are now a country in which changes fol
low rapidlv the work of a generation is con
densed within a few years, and the young
farmer is still young when he finds himself
met by new combinations wbicb require of
him a corresponding change to meet. He
cannot now follow the methods of hi- fathers,
nor even his own methods of a few years ago,
if ho desires to meet with full success.
These circumstances which accompany tho
transformation are to be faced through the
exercise of modern economy; not the old
economy of refraining from spending, but
that which can bo defined as spending to
save. The buying of a machine is often an
iconomy. The purchase of thoroughbred
stock is often an economy. The subscribing
for newspapers is always an economy. Lite
Stock Journal.
Business Principles Needed on the Farm.
As population increases, competition in
creases, and as farming gets older, more diffi
culties are to be overcome. There is at pres
ent more need of business principles being
used on the farm than there was a generation
ago. As population becomes denser, inoro
people have to maintain themselves of tho
same area thero is a crowding of the weaker
to the wall. Cipital and intelligence find
larger opportunity, and forethought becomos
an essential. The farmer who applies intelli
gence and'foret'iought, and meets progress in
order to reap all the advantages of his posi
tion, becomes an interested capitalist in tho
soil. He who joes along in the old-time rut
which was formed under conditions of scant
population and virgin soil, finds himself re
maining in poverty, and his children becom
ing common laborers. Stoch Journal.
"There Were Tears on Bis Cheeks.')
"Lord bless you 1 but I had never given
him accotid look. I know that he was a
Norwegian, slow but solid, hardly ablo to
speak a word of English, and I never cared
whether he had a relative upon earth. Per
haps it looks a littlo hard hearted in ine, but
I am driven from morning till night, and I
must drive the men under me. When I want
a hod carrier I look for muscle, and when I
have found muscle I don't look further for
sentiment."
"How did the accident happen?"
"He stepped off the scaffold."
"And is badly hurt ?"
"Yes; though I think ho will pull thn.ugh.
Any man might have blundered as he did,
but since I have learned how it was with him
I've felt womanish in my heart."
"How was it?"
"Well, he had just got his hod filled with
bricks down there, when two or three of his
countrymen came along and told him that his
baby boy was dead. They had just come
from his house, on Russell street to bring
him the news. He came up on the scaffold
with his hod, probably intending to notify me
of his affliction. His eyes must have been full
of tears, and as he stepped out he missed his
distance and went to the ground. There were
tears on his cheeks when we picked him up,
and the only word he uttered was to speak
his dead boy's name. I had looked upon him
only as an old Norwegian, but I found that
he was a husband and father, a man with love
and faith, a father who went home at night
to coo with his baby, and kiss the wife who
had left all behind to follow him over the sea,'
and I tell you I feel like asking his forgive
ness and doing all I can to soften the grief
which has come upon his humble home."
Exchange.
lusplcious Symptoms.
A minister, who was, perhaps, not too care
ful in his habits, was inducedby his friends
to take the teetotal pledge. His health ap
peared to suffer, and his doctor ordered him
to take one glass of punch daily.
"Oh," said he "I dare not. Peggy, my
old housekeeper, would tell the whole
parish."
"When do you shave?" the doctor asked.
"In the' morning."
"Then," said the doctor, "shave at night,
and when Peggy brings you up your hot
water, you can take your glass of punch just
before going to bed."
The minister afterward appeared to im
prove in health and spirits. The Doctor met
Peggy soon after and said i
"I'm glad to bear, Peggy, that your master
is better."
"Indeed, sir, he's better, but his brain's
affected; there's wrang wi' his mind."
"How?"
"Why, Doctor, he nsed to shave at night
before going to bed, but now be shaves in the
morn, he shaves before dinner, he shaves
after dinner, he shaves at night he's aye
shavin', "
It is said that the presence of glucose in
sugar can be detected in this way ; Take a
handful of the mixture and drop it into a
glass of cold water. Stir it a few minutes and
you will notice that the cane sugar is entire J)
dissolved, leaving the grape sugar undis
solved at the bottom of the glass in the form
of a white, sticky substance, not at all unlike
starch in looks, and quite bitter to the taste.
It will not do to use hot water in your
teat, however, or the whole thing will
dissolve.
"I know," said the little girl to her elder
sister's young man at the supper table, "that
you will join our society for the protection of
little birds, because mamma says you are very
fond of larks," Then there was silence, and
the Limburger cheese might have been heard
scrambling around in its tin box on the cup
board shelf.
Hon W, C. Johnson and Hon J, T. Apper
son, of Oregon City, have purchased $10,000
worth of fine property in Portland, on which
they intend building.
No substantial progress was made in the
straw bond star route cases yesterday.
SEATTLE'S HAKOIXG DAY.
The Post-Inltlligenccr of the 19th contains
three columns, descriptive of the events of
that exciting day when tho whole city of
Seattle turned out to avenge the murders of
Geo. Reynolds and Policeman Sires. Most of
the space is taken up with evidence Tor the
prosecution in the examination before Justice
Coombs, of the two highwaymen, Sullivan and
Howard they declining to mako any state
ment when opportunity was offered them.
Tho rest of the ar:icle was as foil iws :
We will state that the parties gave their
names as James bullivan and Wm. Howard
Tho forme was a tall, slim man, about 35
years old, with Ins left arm amputated close
to his body. Howard was a short, red or
sandy-haired (el low, about 30 years old. They
both had hard-looking face, and had been
hero but a fow days, having coma from Ta
coma. Justice Coombs, having thought the matter
over a few seconds, saief: "lam convinced
that the evidence is sufficient to hold these
men without bail for their appearance, to
await the action of tlic grand jury, and they
arc now turned over to the officers and re
manded tp jail. Tho commitment will be sent
up as soon as I can make it out."
As soon as the Justice ceased speaking, nnd
before the sound ot his voice had died oit in
the hall, the outraged citizens laid hands upon
the two murderers and rushed them out
through the back entranceT down the alley t
Occidental square, where a scaffold had been
constructed by placing a couple of timbers
across from one maple tree to another, and in
less time than it takes to tell it Messrs. Sulli
van and Howard were dangling in the air, in
the presence of about 2,000 people, compris
ing ministers, lawyers, doctors, I ustnees
men and houcst law aiueiins citizens, all ot
whom, with one or two exceptions, approved
the people s domes, and assisted in carrying
tho programme into effect. In justice to the
officers we will state that they were over
powered ami held until too late to prevent tho
murderers from paying the penalty. Howard,
the littlo red head, d tellow, wa.i badly fright
ened and died without much struggle, but
Sullivan fought till the very last, and still
showed signs cf lifo ten or fifteen minutes
after he was strung up. After these fellows
had hung for filtccn or twenty minutes some
one suggested that something was lacking to
complete the picture, and a hundred caught
the idea.
"Benjamin Payne, who murdeied Officer
Sires last October, is equally guilty with these
fellows," said a respected citizen, "and should
suffer the same penalty," At this four hun
dred cool, determined men started for the jail
where Payne was confined. They experienced
some difficulty in getting in, but that was
overcome. They broke a passage way through
the high board fence, chopped the heavy out
side wooden doors open and with sledge hr.nv
mcrs they soon broke Open the two remaining
iron doors and reached the cell where the
doomed man had secreted himself. With an
escort of citizens on either side, and several
hundred in front and behind to keep off evil
disposed persons, he was marched down to
the galUws where Sullivan and Howard were
still hanging. Whilo the rope was being
adjusted about his neck he was asked
to mako a confession of the killing of
Sires, but ho protested his innocence
to the last. At 1 o'clock the first two were
strung up, aud at 1 :30 o'clock Payn6 followed
suit. He died very quickly, with but few
struggles. At 2 o'clock the trio were lowered
to the ground, placed in an express wagon
and hauled around to the county undertaker's,
whence they were taken arid buried last
evening.
A coroner's inquest was held over the bod
ies before S. F. Coombs, acting coroner. Fol
lowing is the jury's verdict :
In the matter of the coroner's inquest oa
the bodies' of James Sullivan, William How
ard and Benjamin Payne, deceased,
We, tho . undersigned, a jury, duly empan
elled and sworn to inquire by what means the
said James Sullivan, William Howard and
Benjamin Payne cami to their death, do re
port that having received the bodies of the
said deceased, and heard the evidence sub
mitted to us, we find that they, tne said
James Sullivan, William Hovjareland Benja
min Payne, came to their death by hanging,
but from tho evidence furnished we ate unable
to find at whose hands. We are satisfied that
in their death speed)' and substantial justice
has been subserved.
Dated at Scatlle, in said county, the 18th
day of January, A. D., 1882.
C. D. Km Mr, Foreman.
Wm. H. Pkvk,
L. DlLLKB,
J. E. Floyd,
0. Jacobm,
11. A. Atkinh.
S. F. Coombs,
J. P., and Acting Coroner of King county.
EXOKHOl'8 FRAUD.
But few persons are aware of the manner in
which the great lumbering companies in Ore
gon and on Puget Sound obtain and own such
large bodies of valuable timber lands near to
their saw-mills or to those lines of the bays
not remote. Those companies, as such, the
WUnui says, cannot enter there lands. Each
even numbered section belongs to the United
States and is subject to entry under the
homestead acts, or of the timber act of Con
gress. Take for example the care with
which a man comes to the mill and hires as a
laborer.
He is approached by an agent of the com-
iany and asked if ho would not like to make a
mndred dollars cash,with no outlay, Of course
his answer is "yes." A man goes with him to
a certain quarter section of superior timber
land, where they find a man who has examinee!
that land, knows its numbers, and that it is
vacant. He also' is an expert of the mill
company. The man who desires to enter the
Quarter section takes with him to the land of
ce at Olympia the one that went with him
to the land, and swears and proves that he has
taken possession of that quarter section under
the United States timber act for Oregon,
Washington Territory, &c. The JttyUter ad
vertises that all persons claiming that eiuarter
section shall appear before him in GO days
from that time, and mako good tneir claim to
it, or if not the applicant will enter it at Con
gress price ($2 60 per acre-.)
At the end oi the uu nays tne applicant
takes with him the two men of the company
as witnesses, the expert having the money,
and proof is made and the money all paid
office fees and all and they all return to the
mill. Soon this applicant makes a deed to
the company for the land, and receives his
hundred dollars and full pay for all his time
spent in procuring the land. In this case the
quarter section costs the company just six
hundred dollars, and tho timber on the quar
ter section is worth, 'at logging rates, three
thousand dollars.
The form of the oath and the law I do sot
give here. In this case no centract for the
sale of the land to the company is made in
direct words, but a perfect understanding
exists between the parties as to details. AH
tne umber lands now owned by these nun
companies have been obtained in this way.
Each principal company owning a saw mill on
the Sound waters own from 40,000 to 200,000
acres of these heavily timbered lands near the
mill. The N. P. H. It. Co. own all the odd
sections of this timber land, and the mill com
panies are fast monopolizing the even sections.
DROIT ED.
At 9 o'clock Friday morning an employe
of Weidlcr's saw-null discovered a floater
aming the logs in the boom near tho mill and
sent word to'the coroner, who went down and
secured the body aud removed it to the
morgue. At 1 o'clock in the afternoon an in
quest was held by the coroner and the follow
ing jury: C. A. Smith, Wm. Grooms, A.
Smith, A. J. Mose, C. P. Yates, M. Brown,
James Chynoweth. A steamboat hand, and
Chirlcs Harrigan, a saloon keeper testified
that they recognised the boely as that of John
Sullivan, a fireman, who had been running on
t'.io river loats for some years ; that he was a
man addicted to harel drinking at times, but
was always peaceable, drunk or sober. Chty
noweth said that he was discharged from the
Dixie Thompson last November for drunken
nss, and subsequently fierm the E. N. Cooke.
Dr. Cardwcll testified that ho had examined
tho body and found no rrarks of violence on
it that woulel lead to a suspicion of a crime,
and tho jury brought in a verdict of accidental
drowning.
When the body was found it was floating on
the water ami the features were somewhat
discolored, showing that the body had been
in tho water Sime time. A bruise was per
ceptible on tho forehead, which is supposed to
have been made at the time ho fell into the
river. He had "neither shoes nnr stockings
on and was bareheaded and in his shirt
sleeves. A hat was found on the lorn near
him, but was not identified as his. Sullivan
had put up at tho Narrow Gauge hotel, on
First and Jefferson streets, but left there
about ten days ago. He was expecting a sit
uation on the City ot Salem, and in the mean
time has kept himself in liquor. The theory
of those who know him is that he was beside
himself with liquor and that he took off his
coat, hat and shoes and laid them down some
where, otter which he wandered about and
finally fell into the river. Nono of his friends
believe that he would have committed sui
cide deliberately. He was about 35 years of
age and of Irish nativity. The coroner will
bury him to-day, as ho has neither rela'ives
nor money.
TWO WRECKS.
A dispatch was received yesterday after
noon that the birk Harvest Ho-ne, bounel
for Pugct Sound from San Francisco, was
wrecked near Shoalwater bay. No further
particulars wore received up to tho time of
going to press.
On the 12th instant tho schooner Pre-
couscr " sailed up tho Coquillo bar to await a
tavorablo opportunity to enter tho river, and
while waiting some unauthorized person went
to the bluff and placed tho sign boads in po
sition, which is the usual signal for vessels
bound in to follow tho course indicated by the
boards in crossing the bar. The captain of
tho Precouser, supposing tho course given
marked the channel, attempted to enter by it,
bat the boards being improperly placed he ran
tne vessel asnore on the sout Spit, and from
thence, af'cr partmc both cables, was blown
among the rocks south of the entrance, and
from thence to the beach, where she now lays
a total wreck. No lives wcro lost and the
vessel is now high and dry at low water. She
was tho property of Bunch Bennet & Co., of
Coquillo City, and was only insured for a very
small sum. Her cargo cmsisted of CO tons of
freight, principally for her owners, and the
balance for farmers on the river. Portion of
the freight will be saved, but the greater, part
is so damaged as to rcmler it valueless.
CLEARED,
British bark Arctic, Austin master, 637
tons, with 32,262 bushels of wheat, for Queens
town.
British bark Parknook, Thompson master,
833 tons, with 36,382 bushels of wheat, for
Queenstown.
British ship Duke of Connaught, Houston
master, 1,03-f tons, with 0,054 barrels of flour,
for Liverpool.
N. P. R. It. PaonnESfi. Mr. Scott informs
the Walla Walla Union that the N. P. B. R.
track has been laid to Pcnd d'Orinlle lake
and that tho cans are being put on the piles
for the Ion a briileo.' All tho niles have been
driven save a few In the main channel. About
fifteen miles of road bed beyond the lake have
been so nearly graded that it will be ready
for the track layers in a few days. About
2,700 men are at work on the road. The
snow is about two feet deep in the woods and
a foot eleep in the openings. The weather
has not been cold enough to interfore with the
work.
JOB PRINTING 1
AND
BOOK BINDING
A. G. WALLING
OWNS AND CONDUCTS IN A LEQITIMAT1
manner both the absvo named branches of, buel
nene. lUrlng accumulated a larire assortment ot
STOtJK AND FRUIT CUTS
He a do work for Stock-groers and Fruit Cultal
litula a better style and at cheaper rates than any
other In the State. JUrlng- a
STEAM BOOK BINDERY
Can bind Magazines, afuflc, etc., In nrst class style
and at lowest living wncei. tZT liLANK BOOKS lot
every kind of lutneits made to order.
au!7
A SUPERIOR HARROW !
Vkum.U F.lKRYVrilKUF. WANT IT-MB
CIU.Mtrt r.rKKYWIIKKK TAN MAKE IT.
I will mail the plan, and right to inaVo one, to the
ur in any place who tenets me Vl,
Harrows and pnrls of Harrows Far Kate,
I have nsed tliil harrow two yean, and so have lev-
eralof my neighbors, and ho know it Is nunerlor to anr
other harrow of similar cost.
For further particular address me at Uuttetille, Ore
gon. JOHN W. IIATCHELOII, Agent.
lO THE ri'BUC.
TXAVINO TnANbFEItltED MV AGENCY OF Till
XI. New Home- and Crown Hew las Marhlaes
to Mr. John II. (larrlson. 1ST Third street. Portland.
Oregon, I take this method to Inform my patrons ana
me (mime wncre mce excellent inacninee may oeiounu
hereafter.
deeS II. HUDSON.
ANTI
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lakosmt in Tim woau),
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