-ii - . r -- u- j-T.. 'i' Jtr-f - ' t
-1 av r-n5 7 '?
jtotlt.
Feeding Heroes.
ho following extracts aro from tbo essay
id by John E. Russell, at the Farmors' In-
Itate, at Salem : Tho horao has tho smallest
Bmach in proportion to his size of any am
id. This spaue is completely ullei by four
larts of oats and the saliva that goes into
stomach with it. Horses are generally
rerfed. and not fed often enough. For a
Srse with moderate work, six or eight quarts
I bruised oats and ten pounds of line hay a
V is sufficient. This sinnid be ftd in three
feals, and is better if -fed in four.
A horse's digestion is very rapid, and there-
Ire ho gets hungry sooner than a man. Whin
i is hungry he is ineffective, and wears out
ery rapidly. Water (ills tho stomach, lowers
be temperature and dilutes the gastric juice;
herefore a horso should not drink Iminedi
lely before catine;. Niither ihould he be
latered immediately after eating, because he
rill drink too much, and force some of tho
Dntents of the stomach into the large intes-
Ine, which will causo scouring. Scouring is
jtso caused by too rapid eating, which can be
jevented by putting hilf a dozen pebbles
klf the size of the fist into the manger with
he oats. Give onlya moderate drink of water
i a horse. A large drink of cold water before
driven will have a very quitting effect
i a nervous horse. A race-horse always ruus
i an empty stomach. Dit;etion progresses
aoderately during exercise, if the exercise is
pot so violent as to exhaust the power of tho
lOrse.
I consider bruised oats worth twenty per
ent.'moro than whole. They are more com
pletely digested. I prefer oats to any other
yain for horses. Cracked corn is very good
Bnder some circumstances, but I wouldn't use
neal or shorts. The diseisc called big head
caused by feeding corn. When a horso
omes in hot, I would give a moderate feed
immediately. If the horso is too tired to eat,
'. would take the feed away. A heated horse
is a reason against watering, and for feeding,
the system is just then in a condition to
(begin digestion. A horse will not founder if
afed immediately when hot. I prefer dry feed,
sunless a horse has some disease of the throat
or lungs. I do not consider it worth while to
lout hay. I alwajsfeed hay from the floor,
then the horses do not get particles in their
feyes. New England Farmer.
Salt for Animals.
Tt is well known that herbivorous animals
re fond of common salt, and this is true of
wild animals as well as ot those domesticated
by man. Carniverous animals, on the other
band, either have no liking for salt, or show
k positive aversion for it. Cats, for example,
rill rarely touch salt meat. The difference is
easily explained. The blood of both
lasses of animals contain a certain amount of
i salts, but the quantity of soda in a vege
table diet is not necessarily lets than in one of
flesh. A German experimenter, Herr Bunge,
has been the first to suggest a plausible solu-
of the enigma. A vegetable diet fur
nishes twice as much potash as a flesh diet
, and it occurred to him that the greater
Supply of potash must be attended with a
Tater waste 01 soaa. 10 test this theory
experimentally he put himself upon a per-
festly uniform diet of beef, bread, butter,
sugar and a small quantity of salt. Whin, by
daily analysis of the urine, he found that the
I qnantity of soda and potash excreted had be
come constant, ho proceeded to take such a
dose of potash of salts during the day as
Iwould raise the amount of potash in his diet
I to a level with that daily consumed by a
l Herbivorous animal. The result was an im-
i mediate excretion of chloride of sodium in the
orine, the amount being at once increased
three-fold. Much potash was, of course, alto
passed. The experiment was repeated at vari
ous times, employing different salts of potash,
in every case producing an immediate excre
tion of soda. Bunge believes that this ten
dency of potash to produce a great waste of
soda in the system is the cause of the
' desire shown by herbivorous animals for com-
mon salt.
Their vegetable diet is generally very rich
: in potash, and they instinctively seek an ad
ditional supply of soda. Soda does not seem
to be an essential ingredient of plants, but it
lis certainly indispensable in the animal econ
lemy. In the muscle and in the blood corpus-
eles potash is an essential constituent, but in
the fluid portion of the blood, potash is injur
' ons, and if injected, even in small doses, pro
duce death. Soda salts, on the other hand,
an be injected with safety, and their presence
in the blood is essential to the continuation
f vitil processes. Journal of Chemittry.
Sheep (or Bard Times.
The past season, characterized, by climatic
I extremes, followed as it must necessarily be
ley a Winter in which the feeder's resources
; will be heavily taxed to avoid a sacrifice of a
portion of his live stock, will serve to give
prominence to the claims of the sheep to a
' foremost place in the farm economy. Subsist
i iBg through much of the past season on a
E meagre supply of grass and water, it is now
ready to combat snch vicissitudes as may be
yn, store for it with less detnment thsn will
nit to any of iU farm-yard companions
at may be subjected to like treatment.
eh tests of endurance are by no means de-
rable in the case if the sheep are far from
i conditions by which it should be but-
inded where the best results are hoped for,
tat the fact that it will successfully withstand
f tfcem is just so much to be credited to its
flavor. By the rule that a "penny saved is a
fiwnny earned" does the ''sheep now make
jifjoney for its owner, under circumstances
lirkerein other animals would bankrupt him.
us it is that the larmer wno can enumerate
ong bis live stock a fair proportion of
cp, will be enabled to partially recoup
elf against the loss to winch be is inev
itably subjected in many localities. If those
lass fortunately circumstanced will take the
lesson homo to themselves, and apply i s
teachings to their future policy, much good
that is not now apparent to them may be
brought out of their preieut adversity. Live
stock Journal.
European Emigration.
There is no more significant symptom of the
depressed condition of the working masses of
Europe than is afTordcd by the multitudes
that are emigrating to North and South Amer
ica. Tho enormous cost of modern govern
ment, the maiutciianco of v.ist armaments,
the unprecedented accumulation of national
debt, and the oppressive taxation consequent
upon these things which inevitably finds its
final incidence upon the working classes and
tho farmers these are tho things that aro
putting before the masses of tee Eastern con
tinent the alternatives of starvation or of emi
gration. The nations in which this forcing out pro
cess is most corspicuous aro Get many ami
Italy, because there the expenses of govern
ment range highest in proportion to the earn
ings of the people. Tho governments of both
countries find tho clllux so serious that they
are devijing special methods, for retaining
their sufleriog subjects at home. Bismarck
seeks to neutralize the popular discontent
through assuming socialistic guises, and by
providing a special insurance fund for the
benefit of tho disabled and the aged poor, and
through restoring the protective system under
,the pretense that it will give better employ
ment to tho working masses. Italy begins her
counteraction of the efflux with official appeals
to the fears and tho patriotism of her ignor
ant population, leaving remedial measures for
future consideration. These appeals, how
ever, sufficiently attest the importance tho
government attaches to this drain of the best
classes of the working population. How far
such methods are heeded by tho people may
be inferred from the following extract from a
reply from tho peasants of Lombardy, one of
the richest and most enlightened provinces of
Italy, to a ministerial circular advising thorn
against emigration:
"What do you mean by a nation, Mr. Min
ister? Is it a mass of poor wretches ? Then,
we, indeed, are the nation. Look at our pale
and emaciated faces, our bodies worn out by
excessive toil and insiifliueut food. We sow
and we harvest wheat, but we never eat white
bread. Wo cultivate tho vines, and wo drink
no wine. Wo raise cattle, but we eat no
meat. We are clothed in rags and live in
pestiferous holes. Wo ate cold in Winter- and
hungry in Summer. Our boIo article of food
i a little Indian corn, which is made dearer
by a tax. We are decimated in tho dry dis
tricts by burning ievers, and in swampy dis
tricts by malarial fevers The end is prema
ture death in the poor house or our own huts
Yet, despite of all this, yon advise ns, Mr.
Minister, not to expatriate ourselves I But, is
a land where one cannot earn a living by in
creasing toil a fatherland;"
These are ominously significant words. It
is only necessary to noto the pitiful aspect ot
the thousands of Italians who Und at this port
to comprehend the spirit of this terribla in
dictment. Is it wonderful that Bismarck
should detect the symptoms of an underlying
Republicanism among the masses of Italy,
when monarchy is found to carry with it so
much misery? The feeling that inspires theio
de-pairing utterances threatens more than
mere Republicanism. When tho best of the
oppressed classes have left the country, what
will remain, whether in Italy or Germany,
but a desperation of hunger that will find ex
pression in nothing short of a repetition of the
times of the French revolution? The signs of
the times indicate that affairs aro working
rapidly towards such a denouement. Com
mercial Bulletin.
Lumber of ths Future.
The lumber of the future is to be mado of
straw. It is to compete with that of the bet
ter class, so says the Southern Manufacturer
and Builder. It is manufactured into any de
sired length, from 12 feet upward and as much
as 32 inches in width. The cost is such as to
compete with better grades of pine. Samples
exhibited hold nails well, are susceptible of
h'gh finish and can be polished to any extent
desirable. Straw lumber is waterproof and
therefore adapted for roofing purposes as well
as for interior work. It is susceptible to be
ing worked by the ordinary tools of the car
penter and is not liable to shrink or sw ell.
For finishing it is not required to be as thick
as ordinary lumbar, for its tensile strength is
about double that of wood.
I. MON COVftTY TE4.CHEt' IXSTITtTE.
Scsimerville, Oregon, Dec. 29, 1881.
Members present : J. F. Outhouse, L. J.
Rouse, Frank Collins, M. F, Harlan, L, J.
Roe, John Sturgill, John Laramore, J, K.
Powell, John McDonald, Aidey Tuttle, Terry
Tutte, Lilly Chancey, Allie Rees, Mrs. Belle
Horary, J. B. Horney, Mrs. Liughlia, Miss
Josie Rumig, Mrs. Cullev, Mr. J. L. Hind
man, Mrs. Harlan, T. Olivey, Edward Davis,
J. A. Almond.
Officers -.' President, Hon. J. T. Outhonse;
vice-president, J. B. Horner; secretary, Frank
Collins; treasurer, H. R. Tuttle; executive
committee, Mrs. Belle Horney, Miss Maggie
Walker and Mr. J. L. Hindman. .
Mr. William Chatten. leader, and Mrs. S.
L. McKenzie, assisted by the choir, afforded
excellent music.
All the branches, except penmanship, re
quired by law to be taught in publie schools,,
were ofecussed by different teachers. Every
thing, from beginning to end, was subjected
to discussjon.
Dr. Rinehart, Mr. Blevans, Revs. Davies
and Koontz, Mr. Robert Bucknun and others
addressed the meeting from time to time.
The next Institute will be held in Union
City.
The teachers presented cane to the Super
intending The Superintendent delivered a very excel
lent address. He stated teachers should be
retained in schools two terms, instead of one,
when they were worthy. They should be
paid good salaries. They- should prepare
themselves for their work. Superintendents
should travel districts comprising two or
three counties, and many other interesting
things. J. B.
A Urge nnmber of failures took place in the
first week in January, only seven of which,
however, were on the Pacific Coast.
WILLAMETTE FARMER: PORTLAND, OREGON, JANUARY
a 81b AFFA1K.
Some few weeks ago, says the Baker City
Tribune, an inno man by the name of John
Caylor, who had been working in the neigh
borhood for a short time, walked into the
domicile of Mr. Hull, near Wingvillc,"in this
county, and informed' that gentleman that
there was to be his future home. Mrs. Hull
was sick at the time, and as Caylor could not
be persuaded to leave, rather than excite lit r
by any disturbance, Mr. Hull submitted to
the arrangement and set him to work. Cay
lor ni armed with a revolver and could not
be persuaded to part with it, daily making
tho assertion that ho was pursued, and that
whoever attempted to to take him should for
feit his life. Mr. Hull and the whole neigh
horhol lived in cunstiut fear of the crank
and filially on the 21st of December, on tho
oath of several citizen, a warrant was issued
and placed in tho hands of Sheriff fravillian
for his arrest. He rode out with a posse to
Hull's place and endeavored to arrest him
quittly, but he gave them no opportunity,
and afler they left Caylor boosted that "thero
was another crowd that was afraid to tackle
him I " The fore part of last wet-k Caylor
assisted his host in killing hogs, but kept his
revolver fast to his side, changing at times
fi oni one M'le to the other. Mr Hull sug
gested" the idea that the pistol was in his way
and that Ca lor had better take it off and
place it under hi coat for safe keeping. This
Caylor refused to do, saying, "This revolver
is my God, and I'll stay with it."
The sheriff and his posse remained con
cealed for three days in the vicinity of Hull's,
waitine for an opportunity to entrap Caylor,
and on Friday, the 6th inst., lie informed Mr.
Hull tlut he was going to Winvillo to buy
som- cartridges, and expected to kill two or
three men before he get hack. On his way to
the store he passed the sheriff, who allowed
him to get a short distance ahead, when he
and his deputies stepped forth from their
place of concealment, walking toward Ciylor,
and the sheriff called on Cayloi to stop, as he
wished to talk to him. Caylor wheeled and
faced the sheriff, drawing his liVjlverat the
same time and firing at tho posse. Thinking
to intimidate tho insane man, the sheriff fired
his shot gun in the air, and simultaneously
Ca lor again fired his, revolver at the sheriff
and his aids. It was getting to be interesting
to-all concerned about this time, and tho
sheriff, after consultation, fired his shot gun
at the legs of Caylor, but he, having on a
thick overcoat, which protected him, or else
because of tho poor marksman-hip of our
sheriff, no blood was drawn. In the mean
time a revolver bullet aped uncomfortably
close to the ears of the two deputies, who
were armed, one with a navy revolver, both
carryiug balls of the same c.ilire, and botti
deputies tired together, the hall from on of
the guns taking effect iu Caylor's right hip,
passing through the lower part of the abdo-mt-n
and lodging underneath the skin on tho
Ictt side. Caylor dropped on his knees, but
kept pulling the trigger of his revolver. The
sheiilf and aids ran to tho wounded
man, disarmed him instantly, and sent
to this place for physicians. After Caylor
was disarmed his fighting propensities oozed
out with tho flowing blood, and in a minute
or so was very sorry for hat ho had done,
begged pardon, etc. Drs. Atwood and Hul
scy were soon at the side of the wounded
man and did all in their power for him, but
their services were in vain for he died about
noon on Saturday, the 7th mst.
HIGHWAY KOMIEKY.
George Simpson, on last Sunday night about
10 o'clock, svys the Oorvallis QaztUe, while
traveling home and wheu at the cross roads at
the Mountain View s;hool house, about six
miles north of this city, two men on horse
back drew theii pistels and called for him to
throw up his hands, which ho did, while one
of the robbers held a pistol on their victim
the other dismounted and proceeded to rifle
his pockets, takiog therefrom 829 50 in coin
and a new silver watch and chain worth about
$27. The highwaymen, after obtaining these
articles.mounted their steeds and road towards
Albany.
Uwiealtiiv Virus. Vaccination for the
prevention of smallpox, i, of late, being
looked upon by many of our citizens with dis
favor fiom the great danger thero exists of
s erious injury resulting to the person treated
from tho use of unhealthy vaccine matter
and the great difficulty of procuring such as
can be confidently recommended. A case in
point is that of a family named Welch who
reside some seven miles from this city who
are suffering from smallpox, as it is claimed,
from the meets of being vaccinated for its
prevention. Some doctors are refusing to
vaccinate any more for fear of more harm
than good being done by the'opoiation, and
there seems to be a wide-spread conviction
that the benefits of vaccination, 'even when
pure, healthy virus is used, are every year
growing less. The subject is one of much in
terest to medical men, and many diverse
opinions are held in regard io the matter.
Bad Man Areestkd. Tom Somen alias
Harry Grafton, who is under $1,000 bonds for
assault with a deadly weapon on E. Sorenson,
,the builder of the steamer Yaquina, was ar
rested at 1 o'clock this A. M. at theNicolai house
by Joe Day and Officer Barry. He was about to
skip the town and Day has been after him for
two weeks, but was not able to get at him
before. Day received a letter' from the chief
of police of Sacramento somettme-ince and a
phot"graph of Somers, who is wanted there
on a charge of forgery, and also as an escaped
convict from the penitentiary at Folsom,
where be was serving a second term. There
is a reward of (500 offered for his arrest,
which Day expects to secure.
Fatal Accident. George Burchard, an
old resident of Gray's river section, Washing
ton Territory, while sailing with his son on
Tuesday morning n the Columbia, near Oak
Point, was struck on the head by the boom,
koooked- overboard and drowned. The boy
tried to go to his father's rescue in a skiff,
which the were towintr along, but the river
being very rongh the skiff was capsized and
the young man had to swim to the sail-boat to
save his own life. The body of Mr. Burchard
had not been recovered at last accounts. His
son afterwards proceeded on the steamer
Bonita to Astoria to convey the sad intelli
gence to relatives who retide at that place.
A Rouon TBir. The California, which
arrived here on Thursday, on her evening
passage np met with some very rongh weather
and experienced the most anpleasant trip for
two years. A number of heavy seas were
shipped, and several of the passengers lost
articles of jewelry. Ooe lady lost a valuable
gold watch and chain, washed out of her
berth, another a gold bracelet, while clinging
to the rail, and several others articles of
value. Taken altogether, the trip was an ex
perience few of the passengers wish to repeat.
On Wednesday of last week, in a row in
tnnnel No. 2, near The Dalles, A. Bell, the
foreman, stabbed Morris A. Hern in the left
breast with a pocket knife, inflicting a fright
ful wound. 1
a or zorss.
' When I am big I wuTmarrr Kitty ;"
lint Kitty slapped ma and ran away,
And, while I ept for myself, la pity
I mad up mjr mind 1 wentd marry May.
For May was gent' a and May via Under,
t lJRhty iha put my offer by ;
1 am engaged to Georgia Bender
1'ertiapa 111 take yon If ha ihould die."
By and by I mat Jennie B'atchell;
Jenn'e wjia thirteen and 1 waa ten;
I need to carry her boose and eachel.
And made np my mind to marry Jen.
But Jennie, her reign wae qnickly over,
And Kate, my ooualn, became my fate;
I etld : "111 propose, like a briTe, true lover,
Ae soon aa eer I graduate."
Alael when I took out my e'ean diploma,
The darling girl waa aboul to r-tart
On her wedding trip with joung Will de Roma.
And no one knew of my broken heart I
At one-aud-twenty agiin loi.e found me,
Bui the angel face ml the meek blue eyes,
And the threads of the go'den hair that loed in
Went fading baik Into paradise!
nrrk I into the hruce Lu, Kate and Harry,
With ehont and renmper from school hao con
And a girl I never had meant to marry
la wife and mother within my home.
-Mary ,iwje De Vere.
FORMATION OF CLOUDS.
Inlrrcallns; Facia In 1'nyslcal Science.
Whence comes the rain which forma
the) mountain streams? Observation
MiablcH you to answer the question.
Rain does not come from a clear sky.
It comes from clouds. But what are
clouds? Is there nothing you nre ac
quainted with which they resemblo?
You dt -cover at once a likeness between
them and tho rondi'iised (.team of a loco
motive. At every puff of tho eucuie a
cloud is projected into the air. Watch
the cloud sharply; you notice that it
tirnt forms nt a littlo distance from tint
top of tho funnel. Qivo close attention,
mid you will sometimes nee n perfectly
clear space between the funnel and th
cloud. Through Hint clear space the
thing which makes the cloud must pass.
What, then, is this thing which at om
uiouTuiit is tuiuHjMiciit and invisible nul
the next moment visiblo as u denhe,
upnque cloud ?
It is tho fcti'nm or vnpor of water frotr
tho boiler. Within the boiler this steam
is tramparcnt and imiiible; but i.
keep it in this iuvmblo stu o a hen
would In required n great as that wit i
m tin) boiler. When the vapor mingl.
witli tho cold fiiriihoMs flio hot funnel i
I'iMhOS to bo vapor. Jivery bit of sttii'.
shrinks, when chilled, to a much mo
maiuU- pat tick) of water. Tho liqii i
jiu.irles thus produced foim a kind o
ViUcr-dust of exceeding fineness, whici
lo.ds in thenir. This s a cloud. Wfttc
'he cloud-banner from the funnel of n
lOomnoUve ; you bee it growing gradur.
y lcSs dense. it iin.illy molts away nl
:ogither ; and, if jou couliiiiw your oL
j.rva'iom, you will not fail to notic
Unit the speed of its disappearance de
puuls upon the cluu'.iiMor of the dat
Iu humid weather the cloud hangs Ion,
.md huily in tho uir; iu dry weather )
i.i rapidly licked tip. Whin has becom
l ltr It has bii'ii ixconvirted iiu
' no Hvioiblc vap r.
Tli.) drier the air, and the hotter th
air, tun gt eater is the. amount of clou
ttlncli t-mi bo thus dissolved in it. Whu
rtvo c oud first forms, its quantity is f.-
ji'cat r Ihan tho air is able to muintai
in tin mvu-ilile btute. lint as the clou
mixes giadually with a larger mass of ai
t is more and moro dissolved, and finall,
jnuooa a' together from tho condition c
i liuely-divnkd liquid into that of trans
parent vapor gs.
Mnlie tho lid of a kettle air-tight, am
permit the steam to issue fium the pipe
.i cloud is precipitated in all respec
iimilar to that issuing irom the funnel
tho locomotive.
l'ermit the steam as it issnes from tin
pipe to pass through the flame ot a spir
(-lamp, the cloud is instantly dissolve,
by the hoat, and is not again preeiui
'i.ted. With a special boiler and aspei in)
aovzlo, the experiment may bo man
more striking, but not moie instructive,
than with the kettle.
Look to your bedioom wiudous whon
tho weather is very oohl outside; thej
simetimos -stream with water derivti.
,'i'om the condensation of the aqucom
vapor from your own lungs. The win
dows of railway carriages in winter show
his condensation in a striking manner.
Pour cold water into a dry drinking-glasb
on n summer's day; the outside surface
f the glass becomes instantly dimmed
ny the precipitation of moisture. On f.
'arm day you notice no vapor in front
of your mouth, but on a cold day you
foiin there a little cloud derived fiom
ho condensation of the aqueous vapoi
irom tho lungs.
You may noticoin a ball-room that of
tho door und windows rj kept closed,
wul the room remains hot, tho air re
mains clear ; but when tho doors or win
jows aro opened, a dimness is visible,
wtused by the precipitation to fog of the
iqueous vapor of the ball-room. If tho
At-utlirrbe intensely cold, the entrance
of fresh air may oven causo snow to fall.
1'iiLs has been observed in Bussian ball
rooms, and albo in tho subterranean
stable at Er.eroom, when the doors are
opened and the cold morning air is per
mitted to outer.
Even on the driest day this vapor is
never absent from the atmosjihero. The
vapor diffused through the air ofa room
uuiy bo congealed to hoar frost in your
presence. This is done by tilling a ves
sel with a mixture of pounded ico and
sdt, which is condensed and freezes the
.iqueous vapor. The surface of tho ves
sel is finally coated witii a frozen fur,
ro thin that it may be scraped away and
formed into a snow-ball.
To produce tho cloud, in the case of
the locomotive and tho kettle, heat is
necessary. By heating the water, we
Brst convert it into steam, and then, by
oliiiling the steam, we convert it into
cloud. Is there any firo in nuture whioh
produces the clouds of our atmosphere ?
There is, the fire of the sun.
Thus, by trncing backward without
sny break in the chain of occurrences,
our river from its end to its real begin
nings, ne roina nt length to the sun.
Stay not until you are told of oppor
tunities to do good, iuquiro after them.
"I don't bo much mind," said Mr,
Henpeck, "I don't so much mind a
woman's having a mind of ln-r own, ex
cept that in such a case sliu Uiiulh
takes charge of her buskind'a u'tr,"
20, 1818
Indlgcttloa.
Vmong our vegetables are thosa con
taining sulphur, such as onions, leeks,
watercresses, radishes, mustard and
cress, etc. Their use. should bo shunned
by people of weak digestion. If they
are not digested they produce) sulphur
etted hydrogen and bad breath and un
comfortable distention from that gas.
Celery is a salutary vogetablo ; so are
some roots. Carrots and parsnips, if
thoroughly cooked, will be better digest
ed than turnips, as the latter also con
tain much sulphur. Steaming thete
vegetables is far better than boiling
tuem, and prescrvos tho sugar in them.
All fibrous materials should bo avoided,
le'li as cabbage-stalks, green leaves
w ith strong or coarse fibors, green beans
with fibrous skins, etc. Whatever is
u.-t'd of vegetables must bo thoroughly
noil cooked .uid reduced to a pulp wiih'
out ln.iug its nutiriHhing proporti.'.
oteiiuung, wherever it can be employed,
is, theiMoro, better than boiling. Sih-.ds
oim only l.o UBod sparingly, mndo ui
dainty fiend lettuce, the leaves having
been well pioked. Cucumber can li'-ver
be enten raw, but, if stored, it is dl
Kislible. Of fruits tho berries aro the
bust. Strawberries eaten with sugar or
i ii.iphomes ore bottir thuu currauth ;
i r.uiges are good, eaten without (lie
sK.ins ; npph s or ponrs must bo en'i n
spiinugly, and aro best stewed with
sugar and n little sphe. Oranges oug .t
to bo avoided unless eaten witjiout t.ifi
pulp ; lemons, however, muy do good il
they are made into a lemonade will
vwirm water and. sugar. Nuts are en
tirely to be dono away with. Of cgo
bible beverages wo hue tea, coffee and
cocoa to consider. Theio is no doubt
thut ten has a refreshing iiifluoiico o.i
tho digestive organs, if used moderately
and not in too strong an infusion. It a
better, howover, not to use it in th
morning for a weak digestion, ns it wi 1
i-limulato too soon and rather weake'
t.uin strengthen the flow of tho gastrii
juice at that time. One oup of t in
d y is all that can bo allowed for th
(l.i djieptio. Coffee, when well roosted,
ih made strengthening in its eficot, 1m
it must not be takon too strong, und
more than thus, it must not have bco.
Oo.led, but only have had tbo iufusuii,
taken off. i may hero say that tho roost
ing of coffoo leaves, as yet, much to b
desired, and that inferior coffees migh'
be made moro useful than they aro u
they were properly prepared. A pre
paration has come under my notice whiel
t found most boiuficiid with persons a
weak digestion. Tho best brands oi
Java or Mocha coffee, mixed with roast
ed and ground dandelion root in propor
tion of two or one of dandolion to three
or four of coffee. This article, if deli
cately manufactured, is a most whole
Homu mixturo and can be well recom
mended. Food and Hialth.
Jenny Llnd.
' Where is Jenny Liud now ?" inquired
a reporter of P. T. Daroum.
"Jenny Lind, or Mrs. Qoldschmidt,
is living iu London, near the Buckinglu m
I'alace, at u plaoo eallo.l Pimlioo. Wreu
I was last in London I met her daugl te
at a photographer's the royal photogra
phers and she insisted upon my si omg
her mother. So I went to see her, und
h.ui a very pleasant visit. Her marrirgc
was rather romantic. Qoldschmidt is a
Jew. They studied music together.
When alio came to America sho sent .oi
him to come as a pianist, and he used
play at her concerts.
'It was her .- rangement, and
she paid Iub salary elf. She thought
ho was a grand . an, and used al
ways to get into one of the private boxes
and applaud his pieces. Though she
was older than ho, bIio loved him, aim
was bound to marry him. He renounced
his roligion in order to be htr husband.
I guess ho thought it was a comfortable
place. Sho must bo worth 31,000,00'!.
There was a joke about it at the time.
Tho question was, ' Why did he marry
Jenny Lind?' and the reply, 'Bocaiihe
ho was gold smit.' " ,
The Fr-uUteueh.
Pentateuch is the collective name of
the first Ave books of tho Old Testa
ment. For centuries tho Pentateuch
was generally received, iu the church,
ns written by Mosos. Differences in
Btyle and apparent repetitions to bo
found in different parts of Gonesii, ami
the first chapters of Exodus led emi
nent critics to suppose that, in the com
pilation of tho book, written dociimuils
of an earlier date had been made uso ot.
Tho Mosaic authorship of tho Penta
teuch is defended by many theologians,
who hold tliatany other supposition is
inconsistent with tho plenary inspiration
of the Bible. But some of these writers
admit that, USsido tho account of tho
death and burial of Moses, some words
ond sentences may have been interpo
lated at a later period. Other theologi
ans hold that tho documentary them;
is inconsistent with the divino authority
and inspiration of tho writings attrib
uted to Moses.
Our Slxe.
The New York UtralA publishes .
interesting outline map of the Unili
States on which the areas of tho difl'ei
sut European Jstats are laid out, Miif
resting at once to the eye the rehill
"izo of this country and the countries n,
the Old World lying west of Russia and
I'urkev. EngUnd is ns luriro as N
nrunawiek.Srotland as Nova Hcotia.Ncu
'nundland as Ireland. Franco stictcbe
from the northern lioundaryof Maitm to
hu western boundary of Ohio, and to
ihe southern boundary of Pennsylvania.
Germany could be got into the spac
hing between the southern boundary of
tMiiisylvsnia and New Jersev, the At
hintio, ths Ohio river, the Mississippi
river, sad the northern boundary of
Georgia and South Carolina. Spain i
equal in area to South Carolina, Oeor
g'a, Alabama and Louisiana. Italy re
f-embles Florida, toth in size and har.
Austria would rmbrace Lake Michlcan
and the (our States letween the lakes
and the Mississippi river Michigan,
Wisconsin, Illinois and Indiana. So that
tbo area of the United States east of Vn
itui.iu.inik! m-iiltmit ilirApif7hthfl of the
Ji.tul urea, is equal to the states of Eu
rope, excluding itnssia ami iuio;.
A. too old rheumatic lady said to her
physician : "Oh, doctor, doctor I I stif
fer so much with my hands and feet 1 "
"Ba patient, dear madam," be soothiuu
ly responded, " you'd sailer m grsatil. ,i
more without them."
Crape on the Door.
"Mi- one hai gone from thin strange world of oure.
No nure to (jsther Its tti.irua vrilb. il flnwera,
o more to linger wh-re n.mW.us muat fa te,
Where on all beauty death' finger are laid!
" There's crape on the door 1"
A mother going by with her darling
involuntarily tightens her grasp of tho
littlo hand, as she sees tho banner of
death furled so near, and tho boy feels
the prcssuro and silys:
" What is it, mamma?"
" Some one is dead. Willio 1"
" What does ' dead1 moan ?"
The mother looks about her for an Rn
swer to tho child's question.
" It means it moons why, Willie,
you remember wheu your littlo sister
ucd and was cold, nud wo buried hev
under the gnu,s "
" And then?" queried tho child.
" Then she went to heaven."
, " Whoio is heaven ?'
" It is win rn God is, my dear."
"Mamma, who mad.) God ?''
Poor child I h s thoughtless questions
get no moro satisllictory nuswers than
our researches into an older theology
over which we bo vainly agonize, and ho
must remain contented with his limited
knowledge thnt some one is dead and it
is tlio custom to put crape on tho door
i custom beautiful in itself, infinitely
beautilul if wo look upon the insignia as
one of hope and glad aiqnicsconoo in a
summons to rest.
iM-mo oi o Is rebt'ng from so row and aln,
XI iip whete airth conflicts enter not in;
O .e more demrted to hraten's bright ehore ;
Jin g the be.i eoftiy, there'a crape on the door.
Wo do not cap our hands end ery
jojmisly, "it is the bsnner of immor
iiuit,)." Not Wo start and walk with
slow step and bated breath, as tho heavy
wave of crape meets our eyes, and wo
shudder instinctively in tho bright sun
hIiiuo. The green leaves aro coming,
the flowers will blonm, the birds will
smg, and the heart throb with tho full
ness of life.
T. ves ha, e the'r time io fall.
.V. a flmierK to wither at the north wind
And stars to set- hut all
Ji it ha-t, all fetsons, for Uilne own, O D
Custom has decreed that w
thus inform the passer-by that '
pi i sent, and tbo solemn badgo
.ill idowy ambassador guards the
irom all idlo intrusion. No socU
alb,
shall
th is
tho
(rtal
isits
ire. pjid to tho honso thnt slions that
nstgn ; no call of ceremony is mado
while Unit guest is present ; nor do pio
plu linger idly in tho vicinity of tho
limso that is thus sot apart from iU
neighbors.
The somber fall of black arape on tho
loor nssures'tis thnt one of mnturo year
ins " passed ovor," but for a young por
on or a littlo child, white tho emblem
if purity is used, but it tells tho saino
sul story:
Weary with mingling 1 Va bitter and sweet,
i ary with pai uns and never to lnoet,
Hane ooo hsa gone to the bright golden ehore,
ntng the bell aoftly, there's crape on Uie door.
At. ituid.
There is just m much difference in the
manner in which two men open shell
oysters as there is in the Way they go to
church or walk on the street. Who has.
not watched a thorough oyster-opener at
an Eastern oyster market, and observed
tho tender manner in whioh he takes up
tho shell and looks at it, as though it
was a friend" of his. He inserts his in
strument between the shells m delicate
ly as' a dentist will probe an aching
tooth, and by a little turn of the wrist
your oyster is uncovered and reclining
upon the half-shell plump and juicy, in
viting you to fire him down your neck.
How different it is when an amateur at
tempts to open oysters. He commences
by getting red in tho face, and knocking
off an inoh of tho edge ot the shell, and
letting all the juice run ont and sWj
down between his fingers. He knookr
tome skin off his thumb, and that bleeds,
and your heart bleeds for the oyster.
Ha iusorts an iron that looks like a sknre
book into the shell, then pries ana
grunts, the aholl opens and the oyster
sticks to both sides of it and splits. He
sows off tho mantel-piece that holds the
oyster to the shell, and hands jen the
half-shell with something on it that
looks like scrambled oyster. The dirt
Irom the shell .gets on the oyster and it
a about as much comfort trying to eat
it as it is to eat a hickory nut thai' has
been oraoked by laying it down en the
s de and mashing it with a hatohet.
The oyster opened by an amateur looks
ragged and discouraged, and the man
who opens it looks about the seme,
while the oyster opened by a man who
understands his business looks as though
it enjoyed' life, and tho man who opens
it looks like a thoroughbred who is not
ashamed of kis business, and knows he
can do it as well as anybody. Tho
world is full of men who Jo everything
the way an amateur opens oysters. They
try to do that for whioh they are not
fitted, and it is hard to mako them be
lieve they are not doing what they at
tempt to do well, but they always act as
though thoy wanted to apologize for
something being wrong. This oyster
business is a little out of season, but you
have all noticed how it is. Peckt Sun.
EFFECT Of FLOWKltS OS MKALTU.
An Italian professor has made some
very agreeable medicinal researches, re
sulting in the discovery that vegetable
perfumes exercise a positively, healthful
influence on the atmosphere, converting
its oxygen into ozone, and thus increas
ing its oxidizing influences. The es
sences found to develop the largest
quantity of ozone are those of tlie cher
ry, laurel, clover, lavender, mint, jam
Icr, fennel and bergamot; those that
give it in smaller quantities are anise,
nutmeg and thyme. The flowers of the
narcissus, mignonette, heliotrope and
lily ot the valley develop ozone in dose
vessels. Flowers destitute of perfume
do not develop it, and those which havu
slight perfume develop it in small quan
tities. Seasoning from these foots, the
professor recommends the cultivation of
flowers in znashy districts, and in all
places infested with animal emanations.
The inhabitants of such regions should,
hu says, surround heir houses with beds
of the most odorous flowers.
Tub Bev. Mr. Will is offered the Lord's
prayer in the Nevada Bsnate. When ha
i mI finished, Doolin leaned ovor to
Uutnmoud and remarked: "He stole
'iut prayer, and I'll bat on it. I heard
he tame ideas expressed at Eureka at a
funeral over two years ago," .