1
VOL. Xll.
TO OUR READERS.
Mr linte lutt mimy Ihniiannil tliilliirs lit
the rriltl sjlni, "" uiusl liuslm-as
lirrrarici'iiiiii rnsh Inula. o
....- I. ........I ..,. lt..t ttttrllifr mill ltlll".
III on luive n.iaanl HirniiRli sery Imnl timet.
The iimltirlty of our sutirrlillnn rilrr
diirlnzllir lull nml In .Inniiarj, iiiul in-ink
oiirlrlrmlo l Ik ii priniit n iollilc In
mulling rrnrnnln.
Mo nrr smiling ul nolleeanl rilmllnti,
anil IT liny mMnkr lui itrrufril plt-nte I if
form in so Hint wc nn lamkr'nrcrasin-j; cor
red Inn
SHEEP AMD WOOL IK OREGON.
History of Importing and BrcocUng Bbcep, and
of Wool Growing In Oregon. With
lti Present Btatus.
ur iio.v, joii.v jiiMo.
Tlio ltrst hccp brought to Oregon, were
driven from California by an Aiiiurif.111 named
I.cne, in 1838, and tlicro is some reason to
liclico tlmt lio mado n second ilrivo in 18I2.
They were light boiled, ilry llccced, kempy,
and inferior sheep. In 1844, Mr. Joahun
Shaw, nml his ton A. C. It. Shaw, lirouglit
tlio firs few across the pliins from Missouri.
In 16o7 n Mr. Fields brought a lot of good
sliiep ncrom the plains. In ISIS, Mr. Joeph
Watt, of Amity, brought 330 litml, coniler
alily infused with Knxony iniriuo hlooil, nml
among tin in wt.ro !i rams nml 'J cuts tlmt were
pure Saxony nml nix high grade- Sunish
mctinoiwc. In 18.1 Iliiniu Kinith liroiu'lit
tome full bloodid Spanish merinos, I never wn
infnrmctl ts to the iiiiiulK-r. In 1WI Dr.
Tolmio, of thti Pugit Sound Aj,TicultiiraI
Company drovo into tlio Willamette vnllcy
somo l,."00 head, iliaccndant of Ix-ata's Cali
fornia sheep that onmu in 1S3S, among which
were aomo pure, or nearly iniic. South Down.
Leicester nml Merinos, In IMS Martin
Jitso lirouglit in 'JO liiad of Mnonther Austr.i
lian Merino that wen-, imported into
San I'raa-iscn )iy .1. II. William-. 17. K
Consul nt Sid iic) in 1S.V.I. In It:."!) It. C. (leer,
of Wnliln liill', imported Southdowns of the
fAinniiK Jonas Wchli breeding. In IcliO Itock
well & Join iiupniti'il Flench nhit JJJmnttn
Mciiuofrom Virmont. loiter 111 the s.imo
year Jew ctt k I,inu lirouglit in somo pure
mid somo graded Trench merinos. . In lbfll
Domld Mcl-cod brought 150 thoroughbred
Sp inich merinos from Virmont across the
plaina. In lbUlJohn I). I'attemnu nniortcil
ami kuIiI in Oregon 1'reiich ami Spanish men
Hoi. Mr. .lohnCogswcllinirjortedX'ew Oxford-ililri-K
nml Hmnpshii endow 11 alxmt 1S01, and
alout tlio s.imu ilatu Hon. lien Stark imported
a tingle C'oUolil rmu. Sinco Hint il.itotliu
lato Joitph Holmnn. Mr. Wilson of Ohio,
Thoniai t io. Mr. Wilkin. S, (!. Itt'Cil. ami
othe sluvu imported Cotswuhlsaml Leicester
from tlio Atlantic title, ami James Cmncrnn
and othiifc havu imported from Xow calami
ami Austrilia, Of later ditu there havo lacu
iiniwii t itions otiil Kiiti-a of merinos ly Jowctt
ami M union, Peter Hxo k Soin, hcrermicn
k Tut, nml Mn. lllacow, Nearly n'l tlio
lierpiuiioittil to Oregon of Into tero Suci.
lali or American imiortcil mirinoH, oxcipt
thoiciwiit hero liy Mrx, lllacow, uhich ueie
of tlio largctt ami highcut Leptityloof Krcncli
meriuor.
Tlio rcoiilcnt lirt tilern of merino iliccp iu
Orrgon at nmrnt are, Tlinnipmu & Soiu
ami Dr. Italiluin, of Watco countv, who im
ported th ir oh 11 fliotii, A. J. Diifur ami
miiii of Dufur, .iuio enmity, who lino ttouU
of my lirroiliu:, ami tlioto from tlio firm of
Mill & I.urlling, of .1 D. I'atteranu'ii linportn
tiou trowil with rami imported y II. Hum.
inuiiil, of Vi 1 nion tin tlm tamo county urc
Lewi l.rothcrx, uho li.no Auitralian nml
1'reiicli mciiuoi, I am niformeil. In Umatilla
countrv nro Itfii k Sutherland, at
1'ilot Hock, whofo lloil; i crossed with
Svternucu t l'oi-t'nntwkof aiiiili incriiiim,
were imjiortcil liy 1'ut mitli, of WalU Viilln
n pm-t of 'wo rmer in tlio heep liun JCir
Walla Walla ii locatdl "Ily.'1 Our, a live
Orrgoniaii thoui,'li ho live ncroai the lim-.
Ilii b'ocK i fnini tho tlockof the late T (I.
Xnjlor, (.lewctt k I'attvnom importation)
ami from my neighbor T. I Daiilkou'atock,
(lEockwtlll.louci.McU'oil, I'uttemon ami my.
self eoiitriuuteil townrda David jon'tock.
In Woitein Oregon, in Doughi couiitv.
Vcmlcl .Soiithiiliu h.vi lately comnunced
with I'Vuiohmcri'ioifromMrii. Illaoouaitock,
JiuUe Thoiuaa Smith in nliQ there, hocsUx.k
wa II.1 McLcod drove from Veniiont, and 1
think Simtor Stearna has aomo of tho aamo
stock crn-we.l by Jcuett it Miinaon shctn.
In Tulk county D. M. (iuthrio brecdi
largtly with French and .Spanish merino,
there aro a few thoroughbred merinos kept in
Una county by Mr. Knot, of Knox's l.utto
ami by Mr. Thomas Froman. near Alluny. In
in.irioii couutr' 1. . juvenport nas a hock
foumlcil on the Xa) lor stock and some of
inine, crossed with blood of Severance A.
l'ecti iiiirmtation. Thomas Crow, J. I.
1 Pari.li, lion. F. It. Hititli and myself lave
' stock liegnu with the earliest importation from
Vermont and Australia and added to by such
, later importations as wire thought to bo a
gain.
Tlio breeders of Ions wooled sheep ares
'Sir. Wilkins & Sons of Laue county, who
liae the Xew Oxfordshire!. Mr. James
Hiclurds, of Waldo hills, this (Marion) county,
keeps Cotsuolds; so do, I bcliete, Mr. Withy.
combo, S. tl. Itetxl, and Kobert Imbrie, of
Waldii"toi county. Tho Southdown and
IfsinivhiroloMiis are no longer kept here of
my know ledge, and of Uto jtari there lias
' " Jfr Ov- cN Kj ft5 JiSbb
been less and less Intercut manifested hero
in thu lust loii! woohd f.niiilii'8, ns llocks of
them onto held by Corulius of Wnshiiigtou,
llakcr of Ynmhill, nud Keys of llcntoti, havg
diwiipeared. It is not that theno breeds can.
' not lio kept iu Western Oregon and Hindu to
pioduca combing wool of the rrv btst imality.
I'ho awards of Unit class medals by tho Worlds
fair of 1870, nml niuto recently of I'.irii,
nml within n few weckw put nt thu wbol ex.
position held nt l'hilaiklnhi.i piucs tint
Western Oregon can excel, both iu long comb,
iiignudiu lino clothing woolsi but our ex
pel ienco prove that combing wool sheep ro
quiro coiistniituiru on tho part of tho ovuurs,
to keep them to tho proper condlton. 1 hero
1110 n few locations in Western Oregon of
which this is not true. 'I here nro a few
ranges of limited extent that are better adapt
oil tn Long wooled shiep tl an to nny otlur.
Thcru nro alio farmers who so keep their
Hock under condition generally not favorable,
that they bring to market a cry good article
of combing wool. Hut such nro exceptional
men nt present. Tho genera', condition of the
climate of M'isUtii Oregon, and tho pasturage
furnished either naturally orby thuhelp of the
farmer, nro such that thciu is n steady deteri
oration from nn nvcingu standard of Ootswold
Icicpstcr, or Xow Oxford sheen. Tho Hock
grows gradually inoroaiiiliiinrulegviuuppeiir
mice, tho wool Incomes shorter; dri rni.d lesi
lustmiH, nml iu many castes thu shop while
comparatively young, lomi considerable of
this wo'il before ordinary shearing time.
For tlieao general reasons, tlioso who tnke
In ti rest uiinu 'h in tha sheen thev keen to use
nny puro blooded sheep for tho purpoio of iui
prmcniciit, or oven ni.iintnining thu measure
of prolits recciMil fixiiu their llocks, look, iu
n largo majority of cues, townnls thu merinos.
This is so, to such nn extent, even in Western
Uiegon, tli.it I think tliat I am safe in .aiuni
iiu that at this time tlio amount of merino
hlcod iu the hccp of tho country is iipial to
that of all 1 tin r breeds tocither. common
stock included. Tlmt is; I hclicwt, tho shtep
of Westirn Oregon will grado nearly nripnto,
half-blood lueriuoi.
On ugl to the rapid extension of w lif-.it-fcrm-iiil;.
and an ilieiciiinc! use of kJiten n uleaiicri
nud weediim and wheat-fallows, w hero they
aro in many cites kept without watimml 011
short feud during thu following season, even
tho Merino blood is not sullttirnt to counter
nca the tendency todeteriontioii nml dryness
01 lleeco, nml lloc'kn o lp .ited are retmgrad
iug. Also wheat fiirmirs who thus uu aliccp
hit, as u rule, not yet adopted tho plan of
liberal feeding iu Winter, to make up, 111 irt,
for kort, dry iced Iu t'uinmi r,
W ool growers 111 1'.istern Oiegou and Wash,
ington, mid, 111 tact, 111 nil tliHCouutiy between
tho Ciucadcs nud thu ltocky Mountain", are
advancing mora lapidly than those west of thu
Cascade rango in the improvement of their
wools. This ndiancuis marly nil in tho di
rection of tho Auiericiii'Improvcd Mcrianj so
much to that I bulie 11 there nio tun merino
rams purchased for utu thcru to ouo of any or
All ,i1... m l.n. .1 Tl.. k!..4t..ln.. b- 1 .ill
lerent families of combing-woolcd heep hau
licon tried there millicicntly often to prove
that tho climate and other conditions of shcip
huibanilrj' in that aectioii of country aro still
inoro unfavorable for loug-woolcd sheep than
is the case, as 1 lue presented it, Wist of thu
CasiMdo Mouutn n in tho Willamette Vnlli-y
It is fun ml, iu practi.e, that in a Hock ol
mixed breeds the long-wooled keep on tho
oiiUide of the others in search of feed. Oh.
servatiou jiroes th.it whon tho short-jointed,
i-oiiiiil-boilied Merino grade, weighing l.'JO
pouiiiU livo weight, has feeil to its satisfaction
and is ready to Ho down, tho long-wooled
weighing lbUKiunds, has not had feed ac
cording to the rtijiiiiimeiits of its nature and
sire, and in uonseipii nee is rotlc nt camping
time. Duriiu fecdim.' lioill-x such shei 11 1...
... .f.i.v, ..,,vin, 1 iiu r-uiiiiiiiunil mill 1111'
ipuro the constant caro of tho herder to prompt
turn from leading the limit to travel f.stci
and faither daily than is l-ocnI for it. Tlion.
when the season rindem it dilliciilt for a me.
I111111 sized sheep to get a fair liing--a iou.li
tiou suitablu togruwingiluo woolof thu Iw.t
ipianiy 1110 comiung wool ieep is not get
ting iho nrnouut of fenl necessary to kiep iU
wool in healthy growth, so lmtli wool nud
sheep are deteriorating. On frosli range this
is not the cue, and for a while a cry good
staple of lodg-wool can bo gron on such
range, but the cancel I hae indicated lery
soon begin to uHiate. withro.ulti that full
justify thu wind growers for breeding more
nnl more towardstliuclothiiig-wool sheep
Tho present wool crop of tho Columbia
river nlley, including Kast ami West of thu
Cascade range, will very nearly gnvdum "me
dium clothing staple." There aiu, of courc,
eutiie clips that would sort intu combing,
coar'0 ilcljluu and v.uls. There are llocks of
long-wools that halo been kept under thu mo.t
faiorablo conditions. There are still larger
numbers of flocks of this same kind tliathavo
been bieds towards tho Merino, that a large
proportion of "medium to fine delaiui. wool,"
according as tho tloek has taken the first, sic-
oiui or third eross towanls lino wool, Tlie.o
exceptional lots of combing and delaine wools
receive no disciunlnatioii iu their favnr d.
our local markets.. The custom hero is to
liuywoolliy the reputation of tho distrn ts
where it is grown, as'Douglas county wool,"
''Willamette valley wool.' or "Kastum Oiu.
gonwooi." nut tho obrung leader will see
occasionally, as iu n late Journ.J of Commerce,
ijuoted by the American .Stockman, December
Utli! "Valley, Oregon, lambs' wool (1st
place) held 111 San Francisco at 31 to Si lentsj
lUsteni Oregon lamb., 'JO to 'J7 cents;" whilo
California Xortheni (Huiulwldt and Mendo
cino counties) are quoted S5 to 2il cents'.
Those wool, I uppoe, aro sorted and graded
in ban Francisco, and thu Oregon grower, for
the most part fad., under preteut methods of
market, ti get the full Uuttit of good breed,
ing.
One main cause of tbia is that shctn m.,1
wool growing arc but in their UginniDg in
Oregon, and very nuny w ho ar ing-igeil in
It are merely learners iu tho btnuntan. VhiU
sonio aro apt to learn and soon Income skillful
111 me management 0! llocki, ana cojh :
i -C JTSj ' .A Jk r, LTSm K
PORTLAND, OREGON, FRIDAY, JANUARY
ipicutly are mcccisfut, many, nml per
bans mot. nro murulv iniklmr .1 liiinif
Otliirs niu slowly fulling of success nt nil, as
they cannot adapt themaelies to the occupa
tion; but out of all this will comn know ledge
with experience; the men and tha llocks niu
growing that will make this Xorthwest Coast
region ouu ol too lint wool-growing, nml, ill
timntely, 0110 of the llrt wool tii.imifnuturim
portions of thu earth. (!od has given thu
conditions faioinblu for hot ccuiatioiis nud
man will no them to thu full of their adapta
tions. At tho late rvatioual .Show of bheep
ami Wool, held iu Philadelphia, at which
Oregon wml made n uiumI tccoiil. . I,
Mnrkluim duliicied mi nddress before tho
"Contiutioii to promote the sheep nud winil
industiy," in which ho said; "Along our
Mirim rn noiiicr is a region einiiraclng iiixgon
and Washington Terntory, warmed nud
moistened by tho winds nud currents of tho
laciliu On-na, presenting tho samu iH-culiail-ties
of eliiuntu uud voetatiiiu to which mo
credited with much of tho vaunted excellence
of the lon'-w oh-d sheen of Kugland." Mr.
Markhani is light; tho climatu is litiv, though
it is not so wide iu its iullueiieo ns he states.
It cm cis. however, tho two counties of Call
fornia I liau mentioned, thu Western third
of Oregon, the half of Washington nml tlm
Wust end of Uritish Columbia. Hut Ironi
Kast of thoCaf cades to Western 'Kansas and
from Middle Tvxas to Alaaka, is nil clothiug
wool countiy, for which tho Improved Amer
ican Merino is thu best known bred. Tho
portion of coast moistened by the w imls of
mil raciii'j, aiv uccitpicit ns wheat llehlo,
needs, ns I lino iudlcnt d, siiiiictliiug np
proachiug Kuglish mctluslscf hu1uueiy, Uith
ns to wheat nud sheep, to inaku it cairy
combiug-wooleil sheep. Thu lauds of the
coast that nro most fa voted by thesu "moist
ened winds," how ever, nro yet iiuler foieat
mid brush wind grow th. A littU o1 eel vntion
will convincu nny ouo that the timUr U-it
along our streams, the foothills, narrow val
leys and bench lands of our mountain laugus,
carry grass and clover gieeu thiiiuc;li the en
tiro season, nro sunr for tlio pr diictiou of
such plants as thu rutabaga nud invig 1 1
wurtrel, than thu lauds of tho main Western
allcy, wheiion natural ilruess pruM-ute-.l
umiiergruwiu, anil Kept 11 rvauy lor t:io plow
of the pioniieer and thu pisturagu eil hu ox
teams, Hut thu millions of ncu of bnsli
mid timber lands nro Inro, Mr. Kdltor, unit
ing only for thu mind mid muscle that is bound
to eoiiiu nud utilize them. .Meantime' tmo
w ho ure u-ro nru fully occuiiicd aoeiinn,' le
suits iu what teems tlio casiuit and oiiicl.est
nnniiru i imvo t?ica to how the iisWiu
status nml tcndeiiciei of our wool prim ing us
it is coiiuoctod with improved brreils of sheep.
I have exnUini-d tho means of iuinnivemeut
and how it cainu hero nml is muting the
cmiico 01 ino wool urowcr llie lledl Is a
widoouo, nud i.i time, I have 110 doubt, will
bo fully occupied.
WEATUEH REPORT FOR DECEMBER 1D60
Kohl, Jan. I, 1881.
IMitor Willsiuetto Fnnreri
During Dccemlier, ISM), the ro were eighteen
lava during which rain and snuiv fell, and 1I..'0
inches of water, 1 clear da) and Vi cloud)
day, ntli'-r thin tlioso on whiih rain fell.
Tho mean temperature for tho mouth was
.'11.2". Hlghckt daily lnu.111 temperature for
thu month, ."a'.on the'JilthilonettiUilymian,
iVou tho Hid. Mean temperature for thu
month at-.' o'clock r. St., -H..T.I. Ilighettrec
onl of thermometei for thu mouth, l0' nt 'J
o'clock r, U. on thu 1 1th: lowest ther
mometer IS, nt i o'clock A. M. on the ,'lnl.
Frosts occurreil on tho 2, 3, 4, .1, 1 1,
17, 18, 10, 'JO, 21, !KI, 30. Thu lire-
ailing winds for thu mouth wcru fi 0111 tho
southwest dining Hi days, lurth II dais,
south 4 days, Ii viry lino lunar halo appeared
on thu evening of the lith.
. During DeccmUr, IS7D, thiru were twenty
two da) son widch ram nml snow fell, U.ll'l
inches of water, two clear days and
sc en cloudy dais. Mc.iu tomjicmture
for tho mouth, 31. UK), lliglieat dally
.mean tunpi ratine for thu mouth, ."'-', 011 the
1st. low'ost daily moan teuiiHritiiro for tin
mouth, .Mr 011 thu .Tint.
T. I'tuiic-t.
Promising Fillies at Walla Walla.
Waiu Walls, Dccemler II, IbhO.
Alitor Willaiucttu Faiiuci 1
Ite-iiKf a sulMcribcr of your iper, I thought
I would drop you a few lines, letting ou
know what our trotting colts have been doing
up here, and find Walla Walla to tho fiout.
"Wall Walla Maul" has got n riionl, as a
two- ear-old. of 3.-01. mid n n cord as n three-
year-old of "Ml, nud "Sweet Home," as a
four-) ear old has got a record of 2:31. 'I he
lilies wero.sircil by Dr, Mack's old "Hell.
founder, mid were trained, driven and owned
by H. S. 11 .goboom. This is the best timo
made by colts of thcio ngts west of tho
Kockie-a, barriii.; the, Statu of California, 'llie
tiottera aro all w interim; well here.
Vours Hcspectfully, Sun-lin'ii.
N'uti-.- It was our good fortune to Ihi at
Walk Walla a year ago and w 0 said tin 11, as
say now, that tho llellfoundcr strain of horses,
which predominates there, will yet (how some
extraordinary livrfurmauccJi. llotli of the
horses alluded to above tan) et boast of a, 2:30
record. Just make a miniito of this. -W.
J. C.J
Tho Chicago Times says; Warner's Safu
Kidney uud hiver Cure is Uglily endorsed by
ministers, judges, plivskians, surgeons, by
uien e.f literary and scholarly elistin tioiuaud
by individtisls m all tho walks of life.
CATTLE IN OREQOK.
Historical Sketch and Account of tho Cattle
Uucincsg at tho Frcsont Time.
11V THOMAS riiui-i, oy SVI.KM,
Mr. Ciiras has been n famous cattlo'brceder
no I stook riier in his time, nml wo give his
views with pleasure, but ho certainly cannot
bo eortect in his asset tiou tint cattle breeders
Kast of thu Mountains buy no imprui 11I stock.
Wt.l1.1vo fnends there who own gtcat lienls
mil lake great care to improve them. Hut
Mr. Cross' statement may be, mid no doubt is
true of the gtent mass of stock uieii. It is
true, ns he siys, that tho cattlo nro Tic-creasing
in uiuiiIk rand tho rnugo is deteriorating
nlfio. As the bunch grass is oat don 11 mora
and gets shorter, cattlo Unit it dilliciilt t feed
where both hones and sheep do well. Also,
w hill a hard Winter conies, and sheep aw
nway tho snow ami do well where cattle will
die. TI1iswrought11g1nd11.il ch.uigu iu tho
business of tloek raising herds of horses and
sheep increase and cattle are driven oil in ini
iuciiko kinds to Kuteru I1113 cm nml, no doubt,
is tl ui', that the droves tint amounted to
l.'OpOOO head iu I SSO will never bo equalled
again. Also, it is truo that stuck men have
kept to themselves iu tho past tho existence
of imiueusu Indies of agricultural lauds, liku
thu Cold Spring country, iu Umatilla county,
w hich cannot bo lunger kept for stock range,
but is Mug rapidly settled ami tinned over
by tho plow. Tho plow-has mid will invade
tho whelo buiidi grass region, and stock must
leave. Win rev cr bunch grass grows wheat
will dons well, nud whilo stock raising will
always tun great buaiucss, mid n great nrcn
of coiinti v- can bo. utilized in no otlur way,
practical jigi (culture will supiriiilo stock
railing ns fat ns tho rapidly e-onstmctiui.-ruilro.iils
biiujnvailr.lilo lauds within nacli of
market.
8M.I.M, Ogn Dec. '.', lhbO.
Kdltor Will.iiiii-ttu l'.irmtri
Iu misw ti) your rcnuist. I will try nml
give. 011 tluiv.rlv hintoiy of tho uiiorttttlolu
of bliKnleil cittla into this Stut.-. Jiiines
110 ims .-imi.-, j nines
h Vulloy. llenton couu
-fiilaliu-lri vy f ...
ted from .lames llniwn,
r,"nt-.iu lata of Kings Vullo
ty. iirougtTt itcrw. tw.
onos In 1SI7, nurchisei
of Sangamon co.inly, III, Mr. King nlso
brought iu n few good uucs iiIhiiU thu samu
tiino. living in (ho samo county nud valley.
Iu '.12 Cov. John I. Oaiucs imported (piito a
iiiltubei ofviry gmsl Diirhams fro-n Ken
tucky, iiiunugst tlii-111 somo (list premium mil-mal-i.
Aliout this tlmou very giKxl bull was
brought in l.mu e-ounty, cnlied "Duke," and
was piirchanil liy Mr. Cogawell; hepiovid
hiuiulf a lino breeder. Al-out this time 11
good Shorthorn cow win brought across tho
plains into l.iuo county and piirihi-u-d by
lion. Mr. Wilkms, which nroviil to bo 11 uuod
aciiuisilloii to his heril. Alto, alHiut '.'.', Mr.
John Wi lib ami thu 'Hon. It. ('. (leer fin-
Kirieti tlio cclcliiiitetl tlimoughlin-il eow
".Vyiupli." ami shortly after they imported
Ihi- far-famed nml celebrated joung bull,
"(rand Admiral," by ship nrouud Capo
Horn, nud havo the honor of making the liit
imiiort.itlou by wntir. Ml. Weleh nurehau-il
hjui from Mr. Samml Thorn, DiiiheMiniuiity,
,-trw torn, 111111 1 neiiuvu .vir. Iliorns iienl
was tho lust iu thu world. Alsu, Messrs. Sol
Mug nml .Mrm-a Wiiuht, of llenton county,
im-iorted a iiuiul-er of lino nniuulsand uf goiMl
IiIimmI, about thirt) head of eowa, huifuis uul
bulls, mid they proved themselves nil that
could bo dcmicd.
I think the next importniiou wns by m
Hilf, tl.l bull "Illinois" mid thu heifer "lk
cliinni," aiouud thu iapu. I piiicha-ed theui
from T. II. Siie.ua, tf Men ml, ounty. III.
'I hen comes tliu imiriutiou ol W. h. I.idd
and -"i. (I. I'icd. of ipiitun number of as Hue
bie-d uiiimilsns I ever lookevl ukui A mail
of -x(urii-ii(.o and Jiulgmuiit would nk 110
ipieatlons ns U w hero to do better than with
thete. I'lol-ahly the 1 ti jinix-rUt'on was by
Col. YoungtrA. Son, fiom California. 'I'heir
htiil lenived much comment fniin tho pre,
and were much luliuirc-d uul very highly
j.!eii of by those wing tin-in, and they
show tint Col. Yoimgir understood his biiti
nms. They were 111 tho Lo it of show order,
but if I am any julgo 'hero was only 01m
oow ill tun In tli.it wn u slum miimal. hoine
of tho red heifeis an moil ti bo badly iulnul.
1 reukirkul to Mr. Younger, Jr., whin do was
currying ouu of theui heifers, "Sir. ) on can
lint ruuouuueiidhci veiy highly." lion plied,
"She was )oung and would till out." 1 mado
the ri-nuik iiuiimc1v to L'ivu him to under.
stand that 1I1110 wsru men in Ore-gnu who
could imint out tho faulty pirts. Now it Is
not my object to run du 11 any man's stock,
but I ilioni it my duty to give my views as to
llie host cattle, so that thoao wishing to pur
chase uau start .'(light, as tin iu aro aomo un
piiueiimUd breeders that "have not Jutt what
you want," and koiuctimui hi f sales are also
nothing but a ru.e, a blind, a sell,
.Vow let us aeo what this little Oregon Web
foot, has dono. After giving ) 011 adesciiptiou
of my manner of breeding, 1 will givu )ou
noma uctiul weights 110 sham, nu I.iiiiooiiiIh).
1 luuu.l wiieu 1 was I,ut that some of their
premium cat. lu wcru heavier than ouu, and
at the samo timo ours out-measuiul then, I
refer to tho Chicago Stock Journal nml Fat
Stock Show, alao the Sinithh'cld Market, iu
Imdoii: wearo uiual and. 1 think, a little
ahead of them, but it will be seen by my
breeding tint I combined sia goo. I blood as was
agoing.
In lHl I puichascd from Mr. Watson four
good cows, and oae.li ti.isjii some of his Ixtst
lieifer ea vea, I had them from every gosl
cow ho had I then prevailed upon (toy.
(alius to take Mimo of Ins teat cows to thu
WPWlflV
7, 1881.
I.ino county bull. "Duke." referred to nbovo.
and from one of thniu I putcluiseil from the
governor a null cut I lutil lil-ii until I Incit
ed n change. I then purchased ft dim Mr.
(leer thu iiiiMirti'd bull, "(Imud Admiral."
About that timo I purch.ied fiom Mests,
King Wright four of their best imported
eowsi then, toeouplo niKin "(Irani! Ailuural's"
lu-ifeis, I imported "Illinois," So) 011 fee, I
hid nil tho earliest im'iortitions combined, ns
1 also purchased a young bull from iiniKirtcd
"Xjinph" mid "Admiral." '
I will now gtvo you tho weieht of somo
steers i.nsed nml fattemdi i'ho "Oregon
Rib)" weighed .'I.CMIIliintKuvcu years eildj
thu four lirst yearn hu run in thu herd, 011 na
tive grass; 1 then took hh'i iipmul commenced
feeding hjui; tho second )i-ar ho gained 3.10
pound; tho third ,ear only U iounds. I then
shipped him to San Fraticioo nud showed him
at tho Sacramento Statu Fair nud sold him iu
Han Francisco for $IKV0t hu wa a grndo ate-r.
I put tip uud fid with him n txiuitlful four
vear old steer, but lierceivmu that hu was
done glowing, 1 sold him for a Christmas beef
iu Salcnit hu weiglud 011 thoacalo 2,I(M)IU,
and weighed, net, !,!2Mtis; now this is mak
Ingn littlo over (IS per ci ill. be of to I (HI grins
uud I llud that Ihojiruuiium cattlo iu Chica.-o
only mado 07 nud a fraction. I alao sold n
Christmas beef to A. II. Johnson, Portland,
four years old, w eight on scnlis, 2,100; ilrcm.-il
weight, I 400, And I shipped to Victoria
fifty head of as lino cteeis ns I over locked
U'kiiu 1 drove them to I'oitland mid shil pod
them by houtlnMuuticilIoi fitini there I diove
to Ol.tnpia and then by ship to Victoria.
'I heir average net weight was I.IHIOIU; live of
them netting 1,I(H)1I i-ich. Xow, sir, had
tin au cattlo been housed nud fid ns they nro
iu thu Kittirn Stall a. they would havo been
much better. I seu by tho imperii that our
cattlo am highly spoken of iu Chicago, and
when Kutot the Mountains last .Summer I
was pluiacd to sen iiimiii tho rango such im-limit-mint
iu cattlo from bulls of my stock.
Uut I 'hi afraid that thu rango is falling, nud
it is my opinion that thuro will bo a scarcity
of cattlu cm lung, ns thu supply Is rapidly di
minishing and consumption lueicnsiiig. You
ask who are the piincipal breedeis or stock
men! My opinion is that there is not a prac
tical breeder or cattle i.iiscr iu this State or
even Washington Territory but 1-add and Iteeil,
and they do not gat thu encouragement they
deserve. Cattle business is going liku the
Mrk buslneas, only wo cannot ship beef from
thu Kust, but I vcuturu that thoao laisiug cat
tlu in 11 short timo will get well paid, There
tire largo henls iu II stein Oregon and Wash
ington, hut I cannot liani of any wlo are
r-rrbaiuiit impeui Ad lailU. '1 liny rvily, win II
asked about iiot'ifnfilg it,' "Our mtlghUirs will
gut the good of them," uud cattlu thus neg
lected will fait unto ruin. You nsk. what
improvement is lieiu mado ! I hugoncral av
erage of cattlu Is not mar ns good as lifttcii
yi ant ago, on ink w hat It cc's per heail to
lasnihemr nils is nam t nnswer. It ilr
iieuds upon the vnliui of tho lauds they are
l.i pt iivuiii; but 1 will say this, it costs much
lias hero than in llli'inis, f r lure thev are not
nlheliil tvilli'lunt nud o hi. and am pnfettl)
healthy, uud I venture tho imau turn tint if
farmers iu this valley vven- to sow one-third of
their land down, to irnss and pmturu a few
lattlo mid shtip, t my would mako more
money than by ihihiii ' all win at. Mr. Kdl
tor, 1 mil glad you u tiled upon mo for this ar
ticle, for It is ipiilo uiii-ouraiiig to Iiiul that
vvu are fully equal in wu'ghts to attlo ji t
and in l.'ngl.iuil I uul) hud oiiustieriu tho
.Suuthllclil Market in I.-ndon heaviu than
"Oiegm ILttiy," also ouu iu Chicago; nud my
other stieis luadu one pound more than theirs
oil IO0IU croKs: tnis shows huw t-'sul blisxt
mid cattlu highly linpniVed. I would liku if
von wouiil cull upon aomo one ui-tol llie
Mount. ins and let us know the actual facts
about t'lo cattle business there, us to how thvy
voiiio out in lolhetnig nud raiting, nud to
what extent thu gram is failing, 1 deem It of
the greatest imiiort.titco to wntcli nud keep up
thu tattle suiilifv mid not uit too far lliiudi
in, in otlur wind J, when pricta am good havo
none to sell. It will be ub.iivrd that I have
omitted somo imMirtiitloos. I did nut think
them worth iiiouliiiuiiig, ns thu liuHirtcr,
t'eti r .'vixe, was not a H liable man, Ouu mil
mil hu had, 1 c-liall.-iicid his blisid, mid he re
plod "hu hid thu bust of iHiliL'reu." nulled
It out and I itp'd him, mid hu leiimrkul,
"What do on call liun" mulnfltr giving
him my viuwn uud opinions he fi.inl.ly ml
mitteil that I was coiieit. und ul.l. "Mr.
Croaa, they uru inakm that eros lit Kuo-
tucky, and )ou hive thustixk on )om farm
to miko it with, mid lau inaku it prolitable."
lint I admit that hu brought a few good om a;
"iiiiiiiiiimi, purchiucui 1 nx .vlvirs, ol roll,
county, is u good ouu; 1','i.lia MeDaniels got a
good ouuidto, but I do not hoi'tatu to ta)
that his liudigriu was iiuuliab'e. Had hu
desilt ill hrst-class stock und been honorable-.
ho could have done well, but his rope wits too
long, ami, us tho ohl ailagu n, it hung him. I
will aiiswer friend M into a urtieiuougriisaesnt
my uuillist Louveiiieiicu, us gic.it men will
dillcr.
Ilolstetn Cattle Wanted.
I would liku to Ini) ii llolttiiii bull. Will
somo ouo pluao iiiforin mo through tho
Faiimlk whuiu I can procure one, uud obligu
A M'lltCUIllhll,
XnTr-. In tho Kisturu agricultural uiiers
wo notice many advertisements of IiIikxIuI
cuttle, swiiiK, poultry, e to. It seems to us
that thiMu having such kinds of stock would
do well to advcrti.o them iu the FAKMfli.
Notice to Patrons
The next reguLir meeting of Multnomah
I'oiuoua (Irsugu will Ui held on the third Sat
urday iu January, the 13th, at Kast Portland
Orangu Hall ut 10:30 A. M. Ui tluro ii a
full attci.dcutc, The Woithy .State Master
is cxpevteil to meet with us.
C, W, IliiVAST, Mattel,
NO. 47.
LETTER FROM TURNER.
Maiiios Co., Or.. Dec, 21, 1880.
Falitur Willamette Farmer;
Tho good pniplo of this burg, indulge in
Christmas tieu festival to-night, under tin
nuspiccs of thu Sunday school association, and
this nppears to bo nil of a publicly festive
nature w hicli ChrMiuas brings us. I'leaao ac
cept from me, thu compliments of tlio excasiun
nud nny you enjoy, etc.
And woof Turner, hnvellso had our littlo
burgular sensation, nil nloug of "yo fastivo
tramu." Mr. David llowers, wlio lives near
the It. It. track, about half u mile) Xortli tl
town, left his Iiuiisu nlono on Wednes
day last, nml I etui nod at niyht tn Hud thatitlusl
been entered and robbed of a piir of blankets,
a now suit of clothes, muttwupairuf nuwboolii
nud soniu minor nt tides. Thu next day
Hoveral purllis stnrtetl iu ililToniit directions,
"prospecting," aud.Mr. llovvcr. Jun, overtook
alirniu of "liembres" on tho mad, ulioiit four
miles South of l e-io, una of which had bin
(Howers) lioots on. Mr. H. said never
WDid, but "shadowed" tho pair to Marion
Station, where thuy mado each utlier'a ft
iiiialntancu by the aid of a constable, mid now
tlio two gentlemen from California (as tha
tramps claim to ho) abide iu the kuiciurnt of
our county court house-, in default of $300
each, whilo tho slatuo of Juatica menncra
lit in from her elevated motion on tlmt build
ing. This is thu third house robbery w hicli liaa
ociurieil in this viduity within six weeks, and
is Iwcouiing monotonous. Dogs mid shootinr
iryus nre gitting to Ihi kept 'nrouud hani'y
mid somo fellow may accidentally get shot.
Heretofore wo have licen coin para lively freo
fnuu this kind uf a nulwince-, but it nppeara
to Iiu general, more or less nit over tho State.
Can no plan Ihi hit iimhi to removu this evil?
Iu a country liku this, where mi lioucst living
can so easily bo madu by Industiy, there m
not tho shadow of an excuse for the "tramp."
Tho samo exertion which ho now uses to prs
cure a precarious and despiciiblu livelihood,
properly directed, would i-nu him a sura anil
lespcctnbliiliving. Consequently, hoileservaa
no me rev, and our lawmaker aliuuld lie pels
tioncd for hostile legislation. Ami, in tlio
mean time, let tho people kiep watch over
siiapicioua eharncters, Oregon should nut be
cursed with tramps. M.
Intoreitlns a rani e Topic.
In'a latu copy of tho Wii.lamktti: Fahmiu
is mi lirtlclo fnuu A. S. In.thu Journal of Agrt
culture, is iu Hiilutancu what w e w ere goiug k
wiitu lu tiiis article, bft' It Is fundi bsttrr
than ws; could have done. However, wewisk
to refer to a fcw'Miints. Wo do not reiucm
tier of but ouu Statu that nominated and elect
ed its olllcers, and that w as Texas, Thu Statu
was feurfully Iu debt nt thu time, mid a mem
ber of tho (Irmigu said that if they would
ulect him as thiir'toveinurhu would mako a
tlcspctatu etloit to have It paid oil during Ilia
teiui of fllhcu. lie was elected, ami, 1 la
llevo nil the otlur State nlhc. m were (liitiiu
sis. Ito thut us it may, thudebtsof the Mate
were in-ill ly nil (mid oil. It ought to ho
known nud iuiiiuiiiIh ittl by uvny liourat
mimleil man that thu ultimate uim ol th
leaders ol thu Hilitiial pillies in the (nrpetii
ity of paity lines bus IU loot iu hellish ambi
tion Which Is iimiI fur (annual iigruiiiliAeiiieilt
mid H-cuiiiaiy eii.oliiiuent. vYhy i it tlmt
houuttincii will hu d on to tho party, when it
upH-ursiu plain us thuiiiu at noon-day tlmt
imIicii set-keis, lis a genual thing, iuiu nothing
fur the men who elected them, Jutt so they
get the money is all thuy care lor. T) only
limed I can sco for tlua isforivvtry man who
has any liit I eat in thu Mate or (ioviiiiiuint,
(uud oveiy man ha.) to nil join in together
und chooau iiiuii who will work for ua, uonuit
ter what thilrfoiiuer politic, if they mo one
of our nuuiber, hoiiialuud sobei, wnen they
piedgu us tiny will do ull they i an lor us us
lurmiisuiid mtehaiiies; wonru willing to givw
tlicuiatil.il. To ai-ioiniuh this wu uieii it
wider ili.ciii.iou of knuA ledge, with u bitter
iiuilei-atumling of mint motives, A cioter
obtirvaucu ol pistiug evtnts, with tin n at
tclnlaiil ioliilllolia, uihI tliolieceasitiiHCieateil
thcieby, uud with all a blonder raugu of hu.
man svmiiathy and liatnual leeliui; Xo or
ganization has )et Ihcii Inatlilittd th ttlH
luueea so fully within the piiuiiplijt of Its
atlilctillu uud thu mode of Ita up Illation the
iiiiuiis of uiipiliiug tlio alaivoaatho ( range,
loiue, Ictus Icimiii togethirmul not I u so
selhsh ns to think that wu know it ull Wu
wuiil logctiiieii wliu wul tl) tog tappiopri
atioiu to muku tho mouth in bar of too Col
umbia nvtr easy fin a Koii'K vm.ilt to i.uh
lu uml out witliout thu tioublu that sie-ms to
bu attendant there now . W u eau gi I e-uoiicli
mom ioi out pro nice that wo ought to mako
.1 desperate eiiuit in that direction, If vvu do
nut want to hulpouraclvis, send S. A. Claikn
fi.M for thu Ull.lAMMib F.mvilli und hu
will do nil hu euu Ur un this wu am sure of,
for wu h.ivu tried him lor several )iais
S. P. Imiiiavi,
Jusr Xow a gieut man) of our Iriiuds
uru uxe-itiug thc'iiittlve-H to the iltuioat to ob
tain un an iiicicaM-d sitUuiip i u li'st. Wu
np,r. el.itu all such lavois uud sh.ill endeavor
to m iku n still betti r paper iu luiiisnt.on to
the amount of lueruiaui utiun.io wo may
receive. Help us und wu will help you.
Skmi IV urtiiles on t-vny subject, uml wu
hill reviao them and Muthat thuy are put
before thu imblio in tin ir proper liulit. Tho
coiiespomliiiiu which uppiais in tho 1'AIIHI.I.
is a ajivelal lealUlo ulul wu lute-nil to seu It
kepi up.
Tiik Wmt thing for ft preient, now that
ehtiitiii.u lias pusl, is u phot'giaph, uud no
nc mill us!, whim to gitt ti.i.111, Frank
ell, I'litt't.ieit.l'oitlaml.Ofegou, Call uud
see. h.s eollustiuii and Uik In ru uh.
-Cr-
V.
si.m. ran nm