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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 10, 1880)
.UI fFV ii i.' )' . Jk. y VOL. XII. PORTLAND, OITCGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1880. NO. 43. TO OU READERS. Mr hnr Inst tunny tliiinmiiil iliillnrs lit tlir erf illt sjt.rni, ami niuit ilii business herenrtcr n cash luisls. Mr were tiurncil nut lasl irliiaiinil shirr then have mril tlirongli very lisril I lines. thr malnrlli nf ur siitisrrliilitiiis 'ilr daring Um lull mill In Jamiari. uml siriitu aurfrlruils In hrm iirsiiiiiil in mlulc In nnklua renew nl. Itf nrr ss-nilliinout soil Ires nl rxsiiriitlniin. anil IT ur mlslnkr bits iirrnrril please In rami ii m Hull ran laakr nrrnr.r for-rcfllnn. President's Message. J-'tllotr Citivm f itit Srnntr Hove o Jltjirritnitativr ; 1 iiringrutuhtoyot: upon tlio contiiitiul and increasing prosperity of nur country, lly llic favor of Divine lVnvhlciicu wo linve been bit wed during thn past Jc.ir with Jicnlth, witli aUmulsuit harvests, with profitable em ployment fur nil our people, and w ith tvjiitciit- incut nt I1011111 anil M Itli peace aiiiI friendship with other nations. Tlio occur rent!" of the twenty-fourth rlec tlou nf Chii'i Macjstratu lint all.irded auotlitr ilpiorlltlilty to the people of tlio United Stntoi t') exhibit lo tliuMoiM n significant cxumplo nf the peaceful aimi wife transmission of powci nml authorit) of tliu (!iviriiiiiint from public Fcrvauts whose terms of ollloo nru nlmut tn ex pirc, tn tlieir nowly chosen Micrssors. This example cannot f-iil to impress profoundly tlio thoughtful people nf other countries with the advantages w hioJi repiililieaii institution of fer. The immediate, general ami chci rful-nc-qtiicucoiico nf nil good citizens in tliu remit nf tliu eduction givt crntlfylng n'suranco to our country ami to it .friends throughout the world that .1 gvtriiincut kiscil on tliu it eu consent of on intelligent nml patrititio peoplo ptiMei elements of strength, stability .mid permatieiiey not found iu uny other form of government. Continued -opposition to tun lull nnJ free enjoyment of the riglets nf citiziushtp, ci-iifcr-red iimiii the o 'lured woplu liy tliu lucent amendments to thu Constitution, still prevail ill several of thu Into nl.uuJiolilingSt.iti t. It linn parhaps not Ihihi iiiaiiifeHted tu thu recent election to anv lnrco extent in acts of violcinu or intiiniibdion. It ha, however, liy frautlu i'lont prnctiu.-s in connection with thu ballots, with tliu regulations us to tliu place nml Juan ucrof voting, nml with counting, lUiiruiuir nml canvassing thj votes east, been succc-isdul In defeating thouxcrcis.) of that right prtmrv ntivo ot ull itghU, the right nf aullrage, which tho Ou.titutioii cxpieaaly couferx on oar en fraiich'ked cJtiA-mi. It is tin) Jcii j of tho good peoplo of thu who'o loiinti that sectionnlitni n a factor in our iMilitic rhould diaipenr. They prefer that no ecction of thu country nhould Iki nut ted in (olid npimntioii to any other aeutioti. Tho ilinMiriliiui to iofiio n prompt uml hearty ohcdicncu to thu eijual lit'littainl .inieiidiaeji's to thu C liUtiitiiiii. is all tint now nt.iniU in tho wny of n eomplutr nhliterntiouof cction.il linen iu our luliticnl content". An Ions n theso nmeudment niu llagr.mtly lolited nr iinieg.iiilcil, it ik Mto to iimiiuiu Hint tl u ico plu who iji-ul them iu thu Conatitutiou an ciulxNljiug the legitnnito ieults of tho Hur for thu Linoii, nml who holievo them to lw wuu mid mo nary, will eonlinuu to act to pther and to uititt that they hall lu olyeU. I'ho nraiiiniiiit4iu-tiuii utill in a to thu en joyment of thu light liy uery Amuriciu citi ziu who lion thu reipiiiitu 'ipialilieatiuni to freely cut his vote and hao it honestly counted. W'ith .tills nuistiou riuhtlv ttleil. thu country will lie leliuvedof tho contentious j 01 tliu tun. minima will imlccil lie jvl'oiics nml political and pirty issues, with roiect to economy nml Uliciency of ndmiiiUtrotlou, in- ! ternal nnnnivrineiit nnd tho tarilf. domestia , taxation, education, tin nice and other imjHirt out iiiliircti. will then rcct-ivo their full Klnro i of attention hut ruistancn to nnd imlhficatiim Sot tlio remilts of tho war will unite r together 111 resolute purpwo for their nupport, all who maintain tho an- inoriiy 01 tlio (iocrnmeut nml tho erpo .tuity of thu Union and who appreciate the value of thu victory achieved. Tnis detenui nation pioceudt from no hostile fcentiment or feeling to any part of tho peoplo of our coun try or to any 01 their Jutsroits. Tho inviola bility nf the amendment rests upon thu fun damental principles of our (iovernment. They 'arutho oleuiu expression of tho Mill of tho ! peonlu of thu United States. ' The sentiment , tint thu constitutional rights of all our citi . zcut must lie maintained does not grow i weaker. It will continue to control the trov- ' eminent nf theoouutry. Happily tho history i of the lata election shows that in inauv lurts of the country where opposition to the r'if. 1 teenth Amendment has lurcUiloro prevailed.it is iiiuuuisiiiug ami is liKeiy to ceao altou'ctuur if firm nnd well considered action is taken by Congress. I trust tho House of Representa tives and the Senate, which have the rit'ht to judge nf tho election icturns and qualifica tions of their own members, will see to it that every case of iolutiuiiof the letter or spirit ' of the Fifteenth Amendment is thoroughly :......: ...1 1 i... .. 1 . ., 1. ... iii.vaiiuie'i, uml mat liu ifcuctik iu alien vio lation shall accrue to any persons nr parties. ' KliUCATlns AMI SIKA.NS rOR I'UOVIDIMl IT. It will be the duty of the Kxecutive, with euilicieut appropriations for the puqxi.e, to proHueiito unspaiiugly all who have Wen en gageil iu depriving citiicu of the rights guar- prevented iu tho history of slavery, l'innly convinced that tho subject of nopular educa tion ilcwrxes the earnest attention of tho poo pie of tho whole country, nml with n view to wiio aurl coiuprehtiisivoaction by tho (iuicru incut of thu Uuiteil Stiten, I respectfully re commeud that Congicss, by tuitabld legiula tiou and proper ealeguards, suppleniunt tliu locil cdiicatioiul funds iu thu sevir.il States whura thn crave duties anil responsibilities of ctieiiship have been coufeired on educated peoflo ov devoting tu the pilrposo uiants of the public l.uidi. nml if iicceas.uy by nppio priitious from thu troasurjv of the Unitid States, Whatever goverinuoiit can fairly do to promote free popular education ought to be ilouu. Wherever thorn Is general educa tion is found peace; virtual ami social order prevail, nml civil aud leligious liberty are iccuru. Tin: civil, m kvick coiirirrmvK ikti:m or ArrolN'TJIII.NTN KHIIMMI.Mll'.ll, t.TC. Ill my former annual messages I have called thn attention of Coiiuress tu tho in cent neeei city of n leforiiiatiun nf thu civil scrvicu kj. tvni of tho (low rnment. My views concern ing thu ilnugera of jutronngu or nppointinonts for person il or pu-tisaiiconiideration has licn strengthened by inv obtcrvation and oximri- elioi IU thu Kxeciltiu olllee, Mid I Imiivu theso dangers tlire.it en the stability of thu lOVrrnmciit. . limes n seilous In tlieir na ture cannot bo permanently tob'inted. They U-nd to become more aliriiiine w-ith tin, en- laigomout of thu nJiuinistrativu service, as tliu gniw 111 01 tliu country 111 pupuiatioii in creatis the number of olhu rs and plai emeu employed. The reasons lira imperative for tho nduptioii nf fixed rules for thu regulation of nppoiutiuentK, promotion, pay nnd remov al, nnd establishing n uiiifiiim method Inning extliisitly, iu every iiiLlnucc, thu attniiimeut nf the btst ijunlillca tiotiK for thu position Iu ijurstiou. Such n method alone is consistent with the ciiunl rights of ull citiens and tl most icononncal nnd elliciutit administration of thu puMio bus iness. Cumpctitito oxamiiiatioiis iu aid of iinputinl npisiintments nnd pininotiiui hau In eu LOiiductoil for some yrors int tu Hivoral nf tho executiie lUpaitinenth, ami by my di lection this sy.tcm has been ailojinl in tho Custom Houses ami postolticcs of tho larger cities of the country. Iu thu city of .ev York over two thousand persons in ihu Civil Service have bueu subjict mi their nppoiut meiils uml tenuro of iiltce to thu oiicratluu of puhlishtd Illicit for thu purpose 'during thn past two years. I lie rcsu'tsof these practical trials havoU'Cli very Hatisfaitoiy ami have comllrmed my opini"ii iu favor of this system of Hileetion. All nru subject to the same test nml tlio result Is Inu Irom prejudice liy person al favor or pjrtisan inllueiuti. It teuirus for tho Kiliou applied for, the hcstiiualiticatiou attainable among the competing applicants. It is nil etfuctuat nnitiction from the pressure of importunity which, innler any other coursj pursinil largely exacts the timu and attention of appointing otlicers to their great detriment iu thu dischargu of other ollici il duties, pro venting thu alniso of the scrvii-v for thu in 10 turtlii-rauio 01 private or part) purposes nml having thu employe of tho lioveiuunlit llie.l ll'oiu tho obligation iuiHHed by pitrounk'e, to depend solely iimju merit for leteutlon nml ailvaneeini'iit, nnd with this constant incen tive to exertion and improvement Ju1.du.1Ua results havu been attained iu a high deuico iu tho ollicuni w hero the rules for iipiioiiitiueiit hv coniiietitive i-xaiiiiuation have lion ap plied, A mctho I which hvi so nj'prf.v ed itself by oxiariiueuUl tosts at points whuie such H's may be fairly cousidded conclusivo should Iu oxtendod to all suliordiuato msi tious under thu Cinvernmeiit. I believe that a strong and growing publiu suutiiuuit de mands inimediatu incisures for securing and enforcing the highest possihlutllioieuey in too I iv il Service, mid its protection from recog nized abuses, mid that tho experience referred to has demonstrated tho feasibility of such measures. Tho examinations iu thu Custom Houses nml just ollioes have breu held under ininy emharra.sui'-iiU and without pmrision forc.iuiienB.itionfor thuextra labor perfornwd l3 the ollicers w ho have conducted thciu. mid whosu touiineiidablu interest iu thu publiu service luu induced this devotion of timu mid labor without pecuniary reward, A continu ance of theso laliois gratuitously ought not to be expected 1 mid, without nplopnatlou by Coiigiess for coiupeiisatiou, it is not proctici bto ta extend ihcJsyiteiu of examination gen endly tliroiighout tho Civil Service. It is also liichiv iiiiportaut that alt siuh exainiuatious should lie conducted upon a uniform system and gvueial supervision. Section I,T-1 of the levisrd Statues authorises the President tu prescrilie for the regulations for admission to the Civil .Sen ice of thu Uuiteil States, and for tuis purpose to employ suitable persons to conduct tlio repiisito inquiries w ith reference to "the litmus nf each ciudidate iu resect to ago, health, character, knowledge and ability for the branch of service into which he seeks to enter." Hut the law is practically inoper ative fur want of the requisite appropriation. 1 thercfoio recommend mi appropriation nf gwl.OOO per annum to meet the excuses nf a commission to bo appointed by the I'resiileut in accordance with tho terms of this section, wlioseilutv it Bliall Imi toiluvisoa tut. uni form and eliicient system of competitita ex amination, and to supervise tho implication of the same throughout the entire Civil Service of tliGiioveimueut. Iainpursuadcdthatthefacili ties which such a coiiiuiiisinu will allord for the testing of the fitness of those who apply for ollicfl w ill not only be as welcome a relief to members of Conyress, 04 jt will Ihi to the this alone, I nlr recommend such legislation as, while leaving tivery otlleer ns ffeo as any other citi zen t' 1 ox pi ess hit p'ditical oplnlrsn mid to use his means fur its advancement, -shall id'o co al ihi Jt i mi to feel as safe as any private citiren n thu lefusat of nil demands upon his Hilary for polilic.il purposes. A law which should t htm guarantee 1 1 ue liberty and justicu to all ongauud iu the public service, and likewise lertiiu stringent provisions against thu use, nf ofJic-i.il authority to c crco tho political action nf pnvatu litUeus nr of olliriil subordinates, Jsgieatly to bo disired. 'I'liu Ino-t serious nbstaelu, however, to ait Improvement of civil serviie, mid i-sperially to reform iu thu method of appointment nnd rcniiA'nl has Ikcii found to bo the practice under hat is known as the "spoils ajstcni," by which the appointing power has been so l-vrguly encroicheil upon by members of I'ongrvss. Tlii first step iu the reform nf the civil service limit Ihi n coinpleto divorce between CongiXM and tliu Kxecutive in thu matter of npKiiutinects. Thu corrupt ing doctrine that "In thu victors Im-Iiuiu; tho spoils," is insrpirable from tho Congrrs-Toinl pitrouagu ns thu established rule and practice of pirlies iu power. It seems tube uuiler stood by applicants for olllco nml by the peo ple uenerally that licprcsentativei nnd Sena- toiii aru entitled to disburse the latrouiuoof their rvix-tiv illitiicts and States. It is not ueci'ss irv tu reoitu nt length the evils ie- suiting from this invasion of tho executive luiictl'ins 1 mi trro principles 01 govi rniuint nu thu s 11b j ret ol appointments to ollico, as stated in thu Nation il Couvsutiiuis of tliu leading parties of tho country, have acaiu mid ai(siu been npiuoved by tho American mple, and have not lieeii called iu ipicstinu in any tittnrift n'lif.B,. Biillintilli ..vfiraifciniis if tinla. llo opinion u 1 kiii this all-imsirt.iut subject, j are tint Kitemeut nl principles .tiiat noMiig to thu coiisUtutinni.1 striicturu nf thu Oovurn meiit. Under the Constitution, tlm President mid heals of ilqiartuieuts are to m.-vt.o nomi nations for nllice, thu Senate is to ndvirc nnd ctiuseiit to appointment', mid thu House nf Hcprcsentativi s is to necuse and priwecuto itulaithful ollii rs. Thu best interest of the public service demands that these distinctions Ihi respected thtt Senators ami lU-prt-seuU-liven who liny bu judges mid ntcitsers, should not dieUto appointments to otlic". T- tills cii I th! co-nN-rtion of tho legislative deput-ntfcnt-ef ihrftioTmnbient is rc-minated, alike by the necessities nf.the cmo, nnd that by public exmuiiiation, inembers 6f Concress will lie to- IkuviI from the demands made upon them with inference to npMiintments to ollice, until by lucislativu tuitcliueiit the piruicioiis prau- ticu is coudctiiuuil mid forbidden. It is there foru ris'ouimeii'Uil that mi net Im pasm-d de fining the relations of members) of Congress with .i-spoct to npjxiitmciiU to ollico by thu I'rusiddit, nnd 1 nlso recommend that the provisions of Miction I, "117 and nf thu sections following of the icviic.l statutes, comprising the tenure of Dtlieu Act of March 'J, 1607, li rcpu-ilcd. ilelioviug that to reform tho system mid methods nf civil set vic iu our country is one of the highest si'U most imperative duties of sUtciinausliip, and that item h penu-inently itonu only by the co-operation of thu lcgid.it ivc and uxee-utivu depirtmenti nf thu (ioxeru meiit, I ujfaln iieomnicnd thu wholu suhjeet to your coiisiilvrato iitteutioii. 1 I'rtsident and heads of deiurtmcuU : but that . ... . . ' teml to remove tlio causes lilltlubl 41x111 1st tills sfVi.i a I 11 tints T s la t.r.t ..... . ...v... ..j .,. u.uisii. 11 mi, , I'rtsnlent anil liem bow ever, to bo forgotten that tho lsist and I (t, u) alio greatly urt guaraniee 01 me 1 primary nglits nt citi- nf e.,l,masment which now inevitably and ii "" 4 .- 1 u,m. "J ;lial ("' 'or constantly attend the contlicting claims of nelf.proteetion and can lielong only to a jhh- .rttrousge betwttii tho legislative and execu pie wliosonghtto umvenal sullrage is gup- iteileiurtiiients. Tlio met ellectusl check ported by universal education. '1 lie means ,,, t19 r-iriiicious oompetit.on of intiuenco ;Vta zx s.r LSuTr -?s? i v ----! k. insh fi i ins me ion to all who necl it. This tiilI 0 merlt Utrti w apidnunu 111 wWh is espt ., tru) where Ufore eiuanoipaUoii ' UVity 01W ,,, , lW 0wu nswnl witii tU meeuacaiiono. tuu people ,w as negieotett or ! that his ucos willdercnl rnl.Vlltl AMI MIIKMAMSM. It is the itcL-nied duty and imr.iose of the ix-oiilo of thu United states mid SUUs to suppress polygsmy wheru it now exists iu our Territii'ies, mid prevent Ita exteiuion. 1'alth- fill and 7ea!ou eflorts havu been nia.lu by thu United States authorities iu Utih to enforce thu laws against 'it. I.xperiuuee has shown that legislation upon this subject to be like live lupines iitcn.ivu niodificati'Oi uml umeudinviits. Tlio longer action is delayed thu inoru dillicult it will Iki tn uecoiuplisli what isdesiied. Vioinpt and deeisivu uitas ures oio necessarj . Tho .Mormon si-vt.ii-.au orginiJition, w hich upholds pol'gamv, has thu wholu power of making and executing tho lo- al legislation of thu Territory, lly its control of the grand mid jwtlt Junes it possess n largo iullueiice over tho ndiulnistiation of justjiu, Kxereis lug as thu heads of this sect do, thu locul li lltical povvir of tho Territory, they nro nblu to make cllectivo tlieir hostility tu thu law nf Congress on the subject nf polygamy, and in fact to pruviiit its enforcement. l'olvi.'auiv will not bo almli bed if the iiforceiuuiit 01 liw- dupeods on thosu who practieu it mid up hold the crime. 1 1 i-a 1 only I e suppressed by taking awny the po'jtid piwer of a section wlncli ci.coui'Jl'cs ami sustains it. The Power 01 v.ongress to enact suitamo laws to protect the Territories is auiplu. The politiial owcr of the .Moriu 111 sect is iiiereasiug. It eon trolt now onu of our wealthiest and inoit populous Territories. It is extending steadily lino other Territories. Wherever it goes it establishes jiolygamy ami sectarian political fiower. The sanctity of marriage and the auiily ru ation is tho corner stone of oar American society and civilization, lieligiuus liU-rty mid separation ot church and state aru among thu elementary idea of our free insti tutions, nitciest and principles, which polyg amy ami .Moruiaiilsui have imperiled. A tuirt time, lxieomo one f tho most piosperous and attractive of the now States of the Union. HIUUIIIS 1IKI.ATION.S, Our relations with all foreign countries liavo lcu tliusn of undisturbed pcaco.audhavu presented no wca-lon for concern as to their continued maintenance. My anticipation of an early reply from tlm IhitisliUoveriunent to n demand of indeinnity to our Hshernien for injuries sitlleied by that industry at I'ortiino bay iu .Iniiunry, 1878, which 1 expressed iu my last annua me -sag-, win iUstpsimtcd, This nnsvver was received only in the latter part of April iu tho present year, mid when received exhibited a failure of a-cor4 between tlio two govi-riitnuntH ns to the nii-nsuru of iushoru tishiiig priv ilcu'es se cured t.) our tlihcrincii by thu treaty nf Wash ington, mid of so serious n character that I made it the suhjuct of a communication to Congress, in w hich 1 recommended tho adop tion ol measures w Inch scorned to me proper 10 i3jaKcn ny mis giveriiiuoiit in thu main tenance oftlm rights accorded our fishermen under the treaty nnd towards security of in demnity for tho injury tin so interests had HUli'urud. A bill to carry nut thosu reeoniincii ilations was under consideration by thu llousu of ltcpresentitives nt thu timo 0? the adjourn- ..( i. ... 1 1.... H-..Y... lH. "I "lll.'- II, .fllllU litSIt lllllllll U (uwivvurks 1 litvu Kv:uived a communication from Her Majesty's lioverniueiit renewing cohsiiti ration of thu subject, lioth of indeni nity for iujuiics nt Kortuui) bay nml of inter prulntiuu nf thu treaty, iu which thu pluvious currospoudciicu hail shown tlio two govern ments to bo at variance. Upon both of these topics disposition tow ar 1 friendly agreement is manifested by a recognition of nur right to indemnity for thu transaction at I-'nrtunu bay, leaving tho measure of such indemnity to a uitliercunferuiicui mid, by an assent tu thu 'viuwHef this u'nv eminent prescribed in pro vious cirrtssmileucu, that tho regulation nf coidllctiug futiiisvts of the shore fishery of the pmviucisl sen coasts mid the Vessel fishery of nur uMirrmcii should bo mado the subject of cnnfcreiicu nml concurrent nrrangujiieut lm tvveolithii two governnients. I siucely hojiu that'll basis msy bu found for the speedy nil- jiistn'tui.t nf thu very serious divergence nf views 011 thu iutcrpi elation of the fishery elauies of thu treaty of Washington, which, ns iiu corru.nnleiico between thu two gov ornliints stood nt the close nf the last session of CJitfjiuo, seeuied iiieuoucilablc. III tliu nun irt.uit exhibition of arts nod in dustries winch was In Id l.ut yenr nt Sydney, v .....!. le.i... 11 ....!.. .1.. . T. .su.i ouiiiii 11 iiii-s, .is wi 11 iuijii iiiai iiovr 111 progicss at .Melbourne, thu United States hivu liien ellicieniiy mid honorably icnreseiited. ICxInhl.ois from this country ut tliu former placu received -a largu iiuiiiIht of awards iu some of thu most couahUrahlu deparuueut", and particiiuitioii of thu United States was recognued liy a sKci.il mark of distinction. in tuu uxuiiiiiiou ni .viiuiHiiiruu the sham States under the Florida tieatvwitli Spilu, were subiulltcd to Cougru-s for its action nt thu litu KisMou, ami I again invitu your atten tion to this long staniliiigipli'slion w ith 11 V iew of final ilis)s)sitiiiu of thu matter. At thu invitation of thu Spanish liovern iueiit a cunfeieiicu has recently been held nt thu city nf Ma Irid to consider tho sub juct of protectio 1 by foieign povvcis of native Moon 111 tliu empire of Moiocco. The minis ters of tho United States in Spdn was direct ed to taku pait in thu delilieraiion of this con-fi-reiice, tlio result of which is 11 convention sigui-dou behalf of all the vowers represented. The instrument will be laid befwo the Seuatu for its consideration, Thu (Inv eminent of thu United St ilea has nlso lost liimppoituuity to urge HKn that ol tho Ihnpcmr of Moiocco the necessity, iu nceorilauco with tho huuimio mid enlightened spirit of thu age, of putting nu end to thu pio.ecu ti. ins which havu been wi prevalent in that country nf persons of 11 faitli other than Moslem, mid eipeci.illy of llulnuw icaidclitH of Mcroevsi. A consular tieaty concluded with llclgium is not yet olllcially piomulgated ovv iug to thu alteration of a w ord iu tliu tuxt by the Sniatu nf tho Uuitisl States, w Inch nccaslohid il. hi) dm iug which ihu time allowul for ratification explicit. Thu Seuatu vv ill bu asked to extend thu pciiod for 1 11Ulle.it hn. All attempt to negotiate a treaty nf ex tradition with Deiimaik failed un nceu.tut nf the objection of thu Danish flovimnient to the iisuil chusu, providiuu' that uich govirn uiuiit should piy thu exjieiou of nri'ists ol piisiiuers who.u oxtraditioii it asks. Tin) provision made by Congress at its Inst session for the' expenses of a commission which ha been npiioiutcd mid eiitend iiimiii negotiations with tliu hnjicrial (I ivernuient uf China, 011 subjects nf meat lilts 1 est to thu re lations uf the two coiiutrius, ennblid thu com missioners to proceed ut onco upon their mis sion. The Imperial tlovcrnincnt was pieparcd to give prompt nnd n spectful attention to thu mat tela brought under negotiation, nnd the eonlerenccs piocccdcd with such -upidlty uud pixigress that nu the 17th uf November last, two t lea ties weru signed nt Pukin, onu relit iiu; to thu iutrndiiction of Chiuesu into this countiy, and onu r lating to commerce. Mr 1 rvscnit, 0110 01 the commissioners, is now un tliu way home, bringing thu tluities, mid it is exiiected that thuy will be leieived in reason to bo laid lieforutliuSeiiatuc.nl) 111 taken by- our country Is 110 less notable mid pected ail inpul degree of success is confidently s-x- lipoJi of our doiiuiu baa been iu a griat decrcu closrd to intilligeut aud virtuous immigrants of all creeds by these intolerant aud immoral institutions. It 1 recommended that thu Government of tho Territory of Utah bo lo organized. I recommend that Congress pro vide for thu government of Utah by a (inv ernor and judges or commissioners, apiiointed by tho President and confirmed by thu Senate, or government analogous to tho provisional Kui eminent established for the territory northwest of the Ohio, by tho ordinance of I7h7. If, however, it is ilu'iiusl best to eon tinuu the existing funu of local government, 1 recommend that the riirht to into, bold oflito and sit nn juries iu the Territory of 1110 suto ni pieco mm tMnipillity now en joyed by nil thu nations of thu continent of I'limpu has its favnrublu iullueiicu iiimhi our ilipliuuatio uml commercial lel.itious wi-li them, Wo havu cuueludud nml ratillud a con vention with the French Itcpiihlio for the set tlement of claims of tho citiens of cither country against thu other. I'mler this con vention n coiiiuilsjioii presnliil over by A dis- tinuiilslieil pul'licist npisiiiitvsl In pur.iHiice of iho rispiest of b ith li.illins y his Majesty, tlio Ihnperorof llraril, has Ikcii organized ami has begun its session Iu this city. A Con gress to consider menus for the pio'.eetiou ot industrial property has r.cently been in sui- sum in Paris, to which I have npMiiute-d thi Ministers nf thu United Stiles iu Frame and llulgiuiu iu delegates. 'I Iiu international commission upon weights mid measures al-o toiitiiiues "its work in Paris. I invite your attention to tin lie crssity of an appropriation to Iki niadu to en able this (jo eminent to comply with its ohli- ....ii..... 111..I. ..II,.. VI. 1 1 ft...... rfl.. ?-.i..i ......Li inv ..luiiiti er. lit iiiiiiiii. wur liendly relations with thu Ocimsii Kinpnu uoutinurs without interniption. At a recent International Kxliibitiou of fish and fisheries nt lierliu the pirticipitlon of thu United states, iiotwithsunding thu haatu with which the comiuisiioii was foiced tomaku iUpriqur utious, wan exticmcly successful and mentoii. ous, winning for private exhibitors luminous awards of a high class, uud fur thu country ut large thu plinclpil pilzuof honor ollcied liy Ins majesty the Dinperor. The remit nf this jreat success cannot Iiu but ad vautacuoust itlus iiu poi tan land grow iug industry. Cherubim lKeiiBOiiiuiUustioiisraisel between thu two! i iv t rnmcuts ut to the projier elkct and iuturp u tatiouof our treaties ot lutuializatiou; luu lu cent dispatches from our Minister at Ibrliu show that favorable progress is making to ward au understanding in accordance with the viuwsof this (iovernment, which nukes mid admits no distinction whatever between thu rights of native and naturalized citizens of tliu United States iu practice. Complaints of mo testation sullcru I by natcrulizeil citiens abroad have never been fewer than at present. There is nothing of iuiortaiuo to notu iu our unbroken friendly rclitions with the (iov eruuients 01 Austria, Hungary, Hussia, Portu gal, Sweden mid Norway, Switzerland, Tur key nnd (ireeco. During tho last Summer several vessels belonging to thu merchant ma rine ot this country, sailing in tho neutral wa tersof the West Indies, were fired at, boarded and seurched Uy nn armed cruiser of thu Span ish (loveiiimtiit. Thu circuimtaiicts as ie nrtcd involve not only private injury to thu ersons colicornud, but also seemed too little observant of thu friendly relations e-xistmo for a century between this country ami Spain, inu niuunois iiioiiov ui inu aueniion 01 the Smuish lioveriiliunt iu serious nrole.r and remonstrance, and the nutter 11 undergo- iliL llllesti'iatiiiii lie- tli. r,ieul .iiitl.i.r.... .. il. - O, 0 ...... ..j ..... ,,.j H. HH...U, UIV1 1,fcl liiiiuary. Our .Minister in Japan has negotiated a con nor uiinoni puijgamy. 11 (iiorougli iniaiuios aru adupttsl 1; is Udievcd tbtt within a feu years the uvils which now alflist Utuh will le eradwatml, and thu Ternt-ry vill, in jod a view to such e-xilanatiou or lepirution as may li udled for by the fact). Tliu coiuinis simi sitting in this city for adjudiuition of claims of our citiuos ajpiiist too (ioie-ruuisiit of Sjin, ii, I liojw, appioauliing tho teiiiiina tiou uf its laburst. CUiius ualiist tlu Uiiitcd volition for the rvcipinc.tl relief uf shii wiccktsl seamen. I taku occasion to urge onc'o mom iijkiii Cuigress thu propriety uf 111 mm); iiiivisiuh iur inu e-ri-ciiou ni siiiisiiiu tliu-prout buildings nt tlm .Inpaucsu Capital fur the 11 so of thu Atiiuricin legation, mid a coin t house tuud jail connected with it, Tho .lapauiso (iovernment, with great gem unity mid courtesy, has ofii-red for this pursisu an eligible piece of land. Ill my 11nnu.il mes sage I c.yllcd thu attention of Congiuss tn thu subject of Indemnity funds received some years ago from China nnd .lap in. I renew thu locoiniueniiaiiou tiieu tumic, that wntto -er IHirtioui of thesu funds niu 1I1M to Ainiri- urn citiens should Iiu promptly p.-il, and inu lesiiiiio letuilieil to Hie nations It- sjiectively to which tuey justly 11 id i-ipiitiihly oeiou , Tho oxtraditioii tro ty with the Kingdoin uf the Netherlands, uhich lias lieu no soiiiu timu iu thu course of iug tiitmn, has iluriuir the lust year iiu. 11 uiiiiv; il U'il ilulv ratified, Jtidations of frli mlslilp uml miiity havu been estalilulnil lietwieu thu lioivruui'oit of the Unit'.-d Status and t at of lEoiiuiaiiia, We havu sent n diplomitiu repro-uiitativo to llu-chare-t, and havu iiccived nt this capital 11 special envoy, who has bueu ehaiged by Ills Koul Highness, I'nncu Charles, to uiiiioiiiko I Iiu independent soven ignty of ICniimaiiiu Wo hollo for II a-edy duvelopliieiit of loin inorci.il ri latinos between thesu two gruit countries In my Iastauiiu.il message I expressed the hope that tho inevaleiiou ol iiiuet on thu bor der betseen this country and Mexico would soon Ikcoiiiu so assiiied as to justify n ino.litl cation of outers then iu force to our military coiiimaudeis iu regard to crossing tho (lontler without encouraging such distill bauees us would endanger thu peace of thu two coun tries. F vents uiovtil in scconlaiuu with thc.u oxpectaiions and tho orders weru uccoidiugly withdrawn to thu cntiru satil.iuuon nf our 011 ctuens ami thu Mexican (iovciniiient. Subkioiieiitly thu peace of thn leinUr vv is attain ilistuib-il by a savai'o baud under the eoinuianil of Chief Victono, but by thu con. tinned mid harmonious action of the military forces of Isjth eouutiles bis bind box been broken up and suh.eiiiciitly destioyed. Iiieio is leasou 10 innuvo mat ointaclcs which havu so long prevented rapid mid con venient coiiiniunica'.ioii between thu Uuitisl States uud Mexico by railways aru on thu ixiiiit of disappearing, mid that several im portant cntcrjuises of this character will soon bo sit nu foot which cannot sjssibly fall lo contribute largely to tint prosperity of this country. New envoys from liuatcmala, Columbia, liolivia, Venezuela and Nicaragua, have re cently arm ud ut this caint.ll, whom distinc tion uud enlightenment ullords thu best guar antee of thu continuance of fucmllv relations lie-tweeu ourselves uud these sister Jtep'ihhcs, Thu relations butwee-11 this (ioveriiinuiit and that of thu United States of Columbia have en gaged public attention during thu past year mainly by reason of the uocct of an in ti r oceauiu canal aeioss the Isthmus of Panama, to ho built by private capital iindir conces sions from thu Columbian (iovcruo.uit for that I'lirisne, Xort. -Several lines iu tho telegraphic sheet iu this plate are unintelligible.) Thu stupendous chsuguiu this region wh eh would I14 wrought by thu completion of this L'reat enterprise -tiansfoiuiliig as It would this Isthmus from 11 harrier betwtiu Atlantic and Pacific oot-aus iuti u gateway and thor ough! ire htwum them for thu nanus uml luwrvliaiit shiu of the world would tUliwud a change 111 existing trvatius. Tliu views wliioh I oxprcsseil in 11 special inci.igo to Congress in Miuch last iu relation to this piospect I deem it my duty to iigtlu plus upon our at tention. Subsnpiuut cuiislderation has but coiillrmeil the opinion thai it is tho right and duty of tho United States to assist mid main tain such siipei vision mid authority over nny iuter-oceauio canal across thu Isthmus that connects North .mil South America ns will protect our national intensts. Tlm war between thu Itcpiihlio of Chili on 0110 hand anil thu ullitil Ilepiibllcsof Peru mill liolivia on tliu other still continues Thin (ioverumeiit has not ft.lt called upon lo inter fere iu tho contest that is within tlio bclligcc out lights of panic as inilepi Inlelit States. Wo have, however, always held ourselves 'in icndiiic. to aid iu accomiu'idatiug their iliirer cucis, nnd havu at dillerent times reminded both UllUunutsiif nur witllnguess to render such furvicu Our good ulllces in this dlree tiou weru recently accepted by nil thu bclllg Hunts, nnd it was hoped that they would piovu I'ilicnciousi but I I egret to nliiitHiucir that thn measure! which thu Ministeis of tlm United States ut Santiago and Luna wen nuthoiircd to take with n view of bringing about peace weio not successful. In the coiirsu of tho war somu ipicstluus havu uiison nllectiug iii-iitrul lights. In nil, thu Minister uf thu Uiiittil SUtovliavo tinder tlieir liutnte tiuns acted with pruiiiptness and energy iu the? protection of Ameiican iuteicsts. Thu relntiouu of thu United Stales w ith the Kiupiru of Ilnwil coiitinuu to bu incut cordial, ami their commercial lutercoiirso steadily In croa'es to their mutual advantage. Tho intci unl disorders with which tho Ar gentine Itepublic lis for mine timo past been nlllicteil, ami which havu mora or less in- lliience-il its external trade, sru unilcrstoist tie have been brought to n close, I Ids hippi, result may bo expected to ridouuil to the ben efit uf thu foreign coiuineriu of that KspubhV as well ns to tho development of its vast Inte rior 1 ('sources. Iu the Samoa (Iovernment, Kin,' Maliutc.f is under thu siipiwrt mid recogniiiou of con sular rcprcM'UtntiicH. Tuu Uuiteil States; (treat lliitan mid lieriuanyseem tiihivu invert pe.icu uud tramplility to tho islands. Whitu it lines not seem' desirable tn adopt as a w holu the scheme) nf triHrtitu local govern ment w Inch has been profm ed, thu common luiitests ni tnrue groii treaty p iweri reijuiru harmuiiy in their tulatious to the natlvu forms ii I nf govcriiiiuiitniid this may bu ln-st swunsll snnpio iiipinmatiii ngrecuniiit iiutrrecir Iheni. It vviiiihl bu well if tho consular Jur isdiction of our representatives nt 0ia wcrr Increased ill extent mid import nice, no us tin guard American iuteiests 111 tliu surrounding nun outlying lamls nt uceanica. Tliu nlieh'sk geiitromly prvseutisl liy tlu Khcdjvo nf I'gypt to thu city of New York tins safely nruved iu tint cuintiy, nn 1 will bs--iruett-i ill that Inetlopolls. A conunissioirt for tlio liiiii'laton of the Fgyptl.lii debt fia-r. lately eonc-luiled Its work, mid this (iovrm incut, nt thu earnest solicitation of thu Khe dive, has acceded to thu provisions adopted by it, which will be Ilid befoiu (,'nngicHs tor Inforniation. A louiuusiioii lor thu leviiion ot thu judicial indit lor the rclorm of the tri- Imnal nl I'.ijpt Is now 111 session III Uultv. Mr. Foreiuuii, Con-ill (iuneial, mid .1. M. Il.itcheliler, li , havu lieeu iipi-olutul ua eouiiuissiomis to pxilieip.no u this Work. Ihu oik-ini.itioii nf it I nn tilbinuls will p oluiblv boumtiliiieil for anothir Kiiod of. live ve.us. Iu pursuance to mi net pissed ut the last si ssioii uf Couirress, invitations havu h.tu ex tended to foiitgii hi iritiniii Status to join in a sauitai y etuifi r iko 111 Washington, In-Winning nu thu 1st uf .1 miliary, Thu acusptuuee uU this invitation by unity piuiiillieut piweiv gives proinis nl siitcess 111 this imp irtaut llieiKllie', deslguid to ust.lblish a svtvlil ot Intirnationiil regulations by which tlw spread nf infectious or epideinio diseases may Iki iiioiu ellcetively cheeked or prevented, ISJIIM l.ltCK AMI AVIUATIIIN. Thu attention of Congress is invite il to tlm net 1 ssity of appropriations for c.uryiug into oh ration thu schemes to enlaigu the trade uud coiiiiueitu uf thu United Statu thruugli the uctivu agency of consular olfieuis and through tins ilissemliiatiou of information oh t lined from them, 'I hero has been unielaxeil Interist in tlnvo ellorts as developed iu our commercial communities, mid thu vuliii of in fonuatioii secured by this means to the tnulo uud mauiifattiiris ol thu country weru ne egliixisl by Umgrees nt its last schsioii, uud provision was msdu for more ficipicut pub lication of consular and other relB.rts by tint Dcpntliiint of Mate. 'Iliu liist Isstiu of thus publication has now been pieparcd, ami sub keipuut issues uuy iiegiilurly bo expected. 'Iliu iniprtaiicu mid Intvieat atluched ton- pirU ol eoiisulai nlhuirs nru wituissisl by u gcneial ilimauil for them by nil classes of ineichiints and 10 inufai tuieis engaged iu out fin vign trade. Hisbeliuiid that a systsni of such publications me deserving of tliu appro val 01 Cougiess uud thu lietissary upprupria tiou for its tontuiuaiieu nml e-iilargemeut will lomu.end Itself to your coiitiiluiutioii. Thn piosjierous e-utrgies of our iloimstiu uidustrirk ami their immense piodiiction of subjects nf forilgu coiniiieico invito and even lequiie ac tive ilevelopment. It Is esjx-ci.illj important that our coiumei eial lelatious with thu Atlantic uud Pacihe. Coasts of South America, with thu West Indies and (iulf of Muxico should bu direct and not through a ulicilit of a lairppcmi sys tem, and should Iiu call led In our Itottouta. Full niircchtion of tlm onmrtiinilics which our front on thu I'.icilio ocean gives to eoui- menu wiin Japan, uinna and tliu l-.sst liulie-s, with Austridii mid the idaud gnnipes wliicli lay along thesu routes of iiivigntion, should inspire 1 mini ellorts to uppioiiriatu to our o ir shlpi'lng and to administer by our ovv 11 eapit.il 11 iliw proiuutioii of this trade. Whan V 11 iiioiliflcatioos of our lenlations ( f tlitduunil navigation inav lie ueuk.iiy or lueful to iniec uud diiiet thuMi imiiulsusi to the eutirgon nt ol our exeluiikji s uinl of wir umriiur liable, I mil sine the w udom of Coiigrtwa m illlu nswdy to supply, (Ian Initial iihhuic, Imwevci-, ft K 1 i it e
