-(ffmi
ADVERTISING RATES,
sr (xriton
532.50 ?.'nr month
Fotan Inch nf ailvn-tlstnx rface, r
thourst m mth;
fSft.OQ Tcr aionth
For (no Inches;
S0.00 cr SV-onth
fftt three I richer, llh rwor.sblo lermi
for long Umo eitrert elements.
ticcal Adverilnurscnt
published on PiworaMo TYirms.
nu.iiNr.ss MEN
Dolling liberal spue-) will have spoclsl
forms; not ten than $25 per month for
atotumnol titanl Indies.
OF 8UDH01IHTI0N
w orrrt tub
Willamette Farmer,
Whm paid tii sdnuieo, at tlw low rata of
03,00 cr kiinum.
1T With Uio added expense of an es
ux;ed lania cannot afford tha t0
without pro pajmcullt ton lhaa
a2,oo. -n
Bote twonr UraiUMo charge BW
K3.00 a "SToeuel
t MUSI.T
TIN ADVANOKm
jOSsUsftT '
VOL. XI.
PROSPECTUS FOR 1880!
Tho Willambttis FAR-inwill soon enlor
on its TwELmi Ykah oi roniJCATiOH under
more lavorabto assurance ot popular import
than it h.ii over had, and able to do bolter
work than over it has dono.
WU VT l-MttlSNDS SAY,
Ilvcry day wo rocolvo tho pleasant atsur
ancca of popular appreciation. Men wo havo
neTor aeon, hut well known to no upon our
tiit ot subscribers, como to aco us and pay
their duos with expressions of good will and
promiio of influential support for "tho boat
paper in Oregon." Not a diy passes that wo nro
not told by friends that thoy and their neigh
bora valuo tho ViLLAMi.Trr. Farmeii for lis
sturdy indcpcndcnco of tone, its aineero do
voliou to tho intorojts of producers, itn good
aetno and od morals and its correct reports
of tho market. It ii conceded thatnoolhor
paper is as reliable, to tho farmer, in ita com
mercial stataments.
Now anbicribori como in, five to ten a day,
and rcitarato thoso kind words and empha
tlzo thorn with payment ot subscriptions.
WU AIM HlfJH
In our efforts, and nro dotormincd to niako
tbia paper nioro ascoptablo a wo aoqniro
moant, and wo asic i'.vkrt BUBJCnmnu to iw
WHAT HK CAN TO K.XTKND OUIt ClIWULATION.
Wight years havo passod ainco wo took hold
of this busincM, and they havo demonstrated
that wo havo tho ability to makon good news
paper. Clivo us ndequato support and this
apr shall real 1 70 all your wishes.
O-JISOTS IN VIBW.
The objects wo havo in viow can bo briefly
oi pressed a follows t
Tho Willambtt- Faumeu is published in
tbo interest of agriculture in tho Btate of Ore
gon and Washington Territory.
it.-t-ttv
Ita editorial columns give a review ot homo
and foreign markets from tho producers
standpoint; advocate his interests against the
world, and hay vxvca bhxn add bhali
nrxn db swatkd nr mokkv istbiibtw.
ITAnwIRAadfHfl.
We have correspondence from all parts of
the country, from well known farmers, and
this papr is especially tbo medium through
which farmers make known their experience
and stato their views.
Hews, ,.i
As many take no other paper and depend
on tho Fakmkr for news wo giro all tho im
portant dispatchca from obroad received up
to noon Thursday, at which timo tho paper
goes to press, and the Stato and Territorial
news is compiled in full by tho oditor himself.
We piy especial attention to all that re
lates to tho development ot tho Pacifio North
west every part of it. No paper in Port
land publishos fuller details of all that relates
t tho material protpoiity of thia region.
in us iiomis ainoLK.
Wo publish choico miscellaneous reading
relating to farming interests and othor mat
ters. Last, but not least, the IIomk Circle is
carefully edited in behalf ot domestio affair
and is especially liked by the wives and
daughters of our subscribers.
Tho Farmbu is always on tho aide of good
government, good morals and good religion,
aad exorcises what influences it possesses with
constant remembrance ot responsibility foritx
right use.
VI'. AIM HIGH.
Until the first of January wa offor a years
subscription to any person who will vend us
threo new names and SO, money. This Bub
soriptlon can either pay back dues of an old
subscriber or for the year to como for a now
one.
CASH IN ADVANCE.
We havo reduceJ tho price W tho paper to
Two Dollars, invariably im apvancb. The
credit system has proved disastrous to many
and we have tried it until our list shows
$8,000 due ns. A thousand subscribers owo
us for one year and hundreds owe ua from two
to five years. Wo prefer to tako less and get
it, and have less trouble than we enluro now
from this sourcn.
TO VICTIMS OF RUST.
The past year has been very hard on some
indeed on many who have lost entire crops
by rust, and even the newspaper bill worries
them, but they will be all right in the future.
In snch cases we feel inclined to make easy
terms for the past and allow their to com
mence anew by paying t- for the jar 18S0.
We need all that is due us. but in case any
person has lost a crop and is embarrassed, our
proposition is that they go to our agent, give
a due-bill for what portion they cannot meet
just now, and pay $2 in advance for 18S0.
some owe for several yean but have been
struck by nut, and we leave it to their
honor to do fairly by ua. We want to keep
all our old friends aad give them all Deeded
tavorsii they happen to be temporarily out
ofluek.
WINTER.
Whilo it is not nsuat to havo eovcro Winter
weather on tho northwest coast, ntill wo do
occasionally ham bitter winters, nnd tho
present time, ascitis to bo 0110 of tho excep
tional years. Thcro is no reason why farmers
and stock men should calctilato upon uninter
rupted aucccsa in crops or a succession of mild
winters. Succon makes inon bold, and both
stock raisers and farmcra with ua calculato
that crops will nsvor fail nnd tako desperato
chances that Winter will remain further north
and not encroach on their hopes or injuro
their forturco. When exceptional ycara
coinu they prndiico disaster. Last season tho
farmcra of Western Oregon pinned their faith
upn Spring crops, and tho country differed
millions of loss froL-i rust. Tbcro wan no
way to avoid it, and it may bo aiid, mid is
aaid, that tho Bucccca in former ycara com
pensates for tho Iosscfi of 1S73. fitill, wo
recognizo that If possihlo to prosecute mixed
husbandry tho result! will average belter and
houcn not bo ro effectually blighted. !!o w ith
atoek-raicing ; thottock man figures that ho
will probably havo a good Winter, but tho
exceptional Winter ia euro as fato, and bridge
great lom when it comes. ,
Wo havo now a apoll of bitter Winter, nnd
though not very dcop, tho nno'.v lica over tho
whiila country, nnd no doubt stock sullrra
aivercly. Our region is not prepared for
audi weather. Tho herds and flocks of tho
Hastens plains ore apt to bo to scattered to
bo gathered in for feeding, oven if their own
era havo provided hay for their use. It is
probablo that great loss will follow, for wo
cannot xpcct any favorablo ohango ot
woathcr until after New Years. Many year'
experience shows us that the aovcrcat weather
may bo oxpeetod from tho 20th of Doocmbor
to tho 10th of January. Thoro have been
sevcro seuoua luat conunuou lor I ycr a
month. It ia certain that if thia severe spoil
is protracted the atook interests will auffor
aoveroly, causiug great suffering to domestio
animals, as well a lot to tbsir owner. It
is tnoreforo to lie hoped that rain will not bo
long doferrod, though we must also recoguizo
that tho wido aown fiolJs of Fall grain aro
thnving woll undor the snow, and that tho
crop of 1SS0 will probably turn out much
hotter if tbo snow shall lio on for a month.
On tbo Beach at Tillamook.
Kditor Willumetto Fanner:
Alboit, it may sound ajnonymous to aay
"from the coast to tho beach," yet your
whilom correspondent in tbeso parts wont
and did tho tamo recently, nut in words only,
but iu tho raw material of the act itself.
It was during uno of thoso fretful attempts of
tho elements to inaugurato Winter very char
actoristid in tho climate of our coastwise
commonwealth, but which seldom result in
nioro than a comfortablo approximation of
tho same. Tho diatancu involved iu the caso
was a ten milo "lap" of mud, iu length I
mean, but perhajus not so abundant in depth,
though this fact wua not clearly ascertained.
llut tho ooiy poJcitrian feat at any rata was
accomplished with tho grave, Turk-Iiko fash
ion with which tho gennino Tillamooker al
ways discharges his muddy duties of foot,
and a vigorous scraping off the adhering real
estate iu an opening of ferns, a gentlo knoll of
privet and of pino was turned by tho ruad
uoar tho mouth of Tillamojk'u httlo satellite
NotarU bay, uhcii tho broad expauso of a
mighty ocean burst into viow, Tho sight,
though grand, was anything but a "l'acitiu"
ono then. A November galo had blown for
many days, tho same that in its breadth and
might playod tennis ball with the shipping ot
tho Golden Gate. At far out as tho ovo could
discern them tho huge billows with combing
crests were sweeping grandly in, with majes
ty of heighth and strength, until shallow
depths denied equal speed of baso with sum
mit, when l'isa-liko they would toss forward
rnd fall with thunder upon the beach, send
ing forward of their now broken advance a
streak of from a rod wide and often a hun
dred long, this to be caught up by the fierce
gale, and scattered far and wide, to fall like
driven snow. There before mo that day was
a grand field for the play ot seutinent, a
study for imm.rtality, but being endowed
with these things after tbo fashion of pewter
spoons, your contributor could only look out
upon tho turbulent scene, yawn and imagine
it all to be a huge Congressional joke, or a'
tremendous case of Tcutonio beer. And
whilst traversing the pebbly beach of the bay
towards its mouth, a great roller at times
would overcome the foeble obstructions of
tho bar, and ride boldly within and up the
beach, tossing the cosmopolite drift about
like cork, and set the gravel to rattling with
a noise like tho tall of great hailstones. Here
was food for Shakesperian thought, for thus
wa Herculaueum overrun by banished in
csjuletceoco of Vesuvius; but alas, I ootid
PORTLAND, OREGON, DEC. SO, I87J).
think of nothing softer than tbo practical
idea that that atrango rattling of tho gravel
suroly indicated that tho bottom was drop
pine out Komowhcro and then scramblo away
for hlghorground. In walking along tho ocean
boach, on looking out rcannrd, tho spectator
would bo surprised to notico that lilt g.iro
was obstructed beyond n few hundred yards
by tho great high wavra which would seem to
bo milling upon him wilts an overwhelming
capability, but their advnnco being broken by
tliu beach, their tops would fall away to their
trua ocean level at his feet. Ordinarily thrco
lines of breakers am obecrved rushing in, yet
at this timo thcro uoro fivo of them, and no
living craft could long withstand their weight
mid fury. Iu a cabin hat d by thoro was seen
pondaut from a nail n ainglo lifo-preserver a
drift of tho sea, with tho words "Great Ho
pnblio" inscribed thereon, words wonderfully
tuggestivo of wreck and dicactcr. Two miles
from tho b.iy'e mouth thcro stands n succes
sion of rocka out in thu ocean, remnants
doubtless of a onco bold prumentory project
ing into thu oca two thouuand years ngo but
now worn away by wavo action to n fow
stragjilinj pillars, some of thorn fifty feet high
ami some barely abovo tho surface. Ono of
them, affording an cosy anglo, is a favoritord
ort fur sen lions, whothiokly cover it during
tho Fall and Winter acinous. Another onu is
a natural arch, through which a largo steam
boat could pa with case, but it would provo
n deadly patsago, for throngh its tunnel tho
wavos surgo with terrifio violence. Arouad,
amidst and against them devotod rocks did
theso great rollors, stirred up to moro than
thoir usnal wont by that Novomber galo, rago
with demonical thunder as it with a dctiro
to coinplcto at once their work licgun so long
ago.
Tho night was paseod with an agod couple,
whoso residence wss fow yards from the
beach. ISoforo retiring tho gentleman, as
was Ilia custom and wont, offered up ills sup
plications to tho Great Cauio of the thuudcra
without, but if tho being to whom it was ad
dressed heard no moro ot it than did this do
ponent, it availed not, for thoso waves held
on in thoir noisy carnival and overbalanced
the sound et a feebly spoken prayer. Wo re
tired but ono of u at least did not sleep for
many hours held awake and noarly appallod
by tho terriflio warpers of a mighty ocean
against tho rocky outposta of tt continent.
NrarouTOK, Deo, 17. F. M. L.
After Loratno Again,
Yamhill Co., Dec. II, 1879.
Kditor Willamette Fannen
In yonr i.nuo of December 12th I read an
artlclo under tho head of "Plain Talk from a
Farmer," eigne. "Loraino," "Clackamas,"
giviug a very discouraging picture of farm
life, which if road abioad would certaiuly
convey a very erroneous idoa of our State.
"Iiralno" has certainly mado a very bad
selection for a fann, or mistook his calling,
when thcro aro millions of acres of the richest
kind of land uuoccuplod in "this Stato and
tho eastern part ot Washington Territory,"
it seems strango that a man could or would
solrct a farm on which ho worked "from day.
light until dark" for twenty ycara and get no
better off.
Loraino can do a groat service to the hun
dreds of strangers coming to our country if ho
will designato his location and give a dotailod
account of his modo of farming. How much
land docs hu cultivato and what kind of crops
doos ho raise? How ia it that ho cannot uCord
to koep but ono cow! People looking for
homos would like to In informed on these and
kindred subjects si as to avoid such stcrilo
localities.
Now, Mr. Kditor, we all know that Oregon
has many poor thriftless fanners but wo aro
not eure that it is the fault of the soil, cli
mato or high taxes. Nor ia it always the re
sult of lazinca. Many of those work hard
enough and live hard enough and yet they
don't prosper. Their labor is miaatplid.
They plow deep enough aud sow seed enough
bat it is done out of season. Tboy often de
vote much time and labor to producing some
thing that is ot littles oi no valuo when raised,
Iu short they uso too much muscle and too
littlo brains. This is doubtless their misfor
tune rather than their fault. They fchould
embark in some occupation whore muscle
only is required, and not seek to disparage
our good country and discourage emigrants
who have brains cnousdi to cultivato its rich
soil from coming and settling among ua.
ilAnilOM,
TuKcase of a deaf-mute cow is reported by
a Itussian veterinary surgeon. A cow, twelve
years old, of Algava breed, belonging to a
Itussian nobleman, never showed signs of
bearing or bellowed. Seeing the other cattle
bellow, she tried to imitate tbem by stretch
ing out her neck and bead, and opening ber
mouth, but she could not produce any sound.
The seme of vision of this cow wa found to
be unusually developed.
Liver Fluke, or Hot Anions Sheep nnd
Goats.
Editor Standardi
Heading an article headed "Dead from
Leoc'ses" in tho Ortgonhn, which should havo
bcon Drad from Fasciula Hcpatieum, or in
Kngltab, Licr 1'lukp, which creates tho rotiu
eheep aud goats andalto destrn) a largo numbers
of cattle. Liver fluku wai llivt described by
Ganibnciiiut in 1017, mid mado lti appearance
in Holland ns an cplzolio disease, and was
very dctttuotno among sheep.
'J. ho KdiuburKh Veterinary lloviow for 18G1
sayst Tho scnurgo cf tho otlue raco has orca
ainually reduced tho number of sheep, so much
as to materially enhance tho price ot healthy
aulinalsi for instance, in tho acasutiof 1 830 III,
tho estimated death of shcop from rot was be
tween ono and two millions. Supposing tho
number to bo l.dOO.OOO this would represent
nearly l,U0O,00U iiouml sterling. In ISXJ-3I
shotip raisers iu tr.iuco Inst from nno-quartcr
to sovrn-righthof their cntlro flocks from tho
effect of liver tluko. T'icro aro two species of
flukes, tho most common in a Hat worm, iu
hapo, flmllir to the letter V, and measures
from ono to ono and n half inches long aud
tiiroo nuirtor laches wide.
A Uoruian professor, Soucknrt, rayi tho
uterus of a full grown livrr lluko may contain
45,000 ova (t'gg). The other specin is called
tasclola hepaucum gigautca which measures
threo inches in length and ono and a half
Inched wide, is flat nnd V shaped and not an
common at tho Entailer fluke. Shocp, goats
mid cattlii nro mostly alllictud with said worms
in wet seasons anil Iu low and fresh water
marshy laud. Stock is seldom trouhlod with
llnko worms on dry aud hilly land, nor salt
watermsrslies. Ifaaheep is afflicted with fluko
it pastes almost daily, matura fluke avas
eggs nr embryo which falla on tho grasses and
other stock feeds therein; or they may bu
transferred by the wind into tho water thoy
drink; thoy may alto bocomo infected by in
haling tbo air. The eggs aro light onongh to
float in tho atmosphere; in this way tho hu
man beings becomo infected with thu liver
fluke, or by driuking water, or eatiug green
vegetables. Aa soon m an animal or human
being becomes inflicted with tho fluke, they
grope their way at onco to tho liver and
make that thoir dwelling place, whero thoy
propagate. Tho liver fluke i very destruc
tive; one liver may contain 1,000 fluke at
one timo) thoy aro not often found in tho in
tretlaal oanali they also intrude the gall and
bladder and create gall stones, ulceration and
geiMral'degeneration of the liver; rot. omacia
tion nnd death finally relieve the sufferer. It
is easy to know when tho diseaso ha far ad
vanced, by it looks; but still moro convinc
ing by slightly pressing the hand over the
region of the loius. In this region tho Mil.
mal is particularly weak and the pressure
cause him to wince.
At the Bsmo timo tbero ia communi
cated to tbo hand a yielding sensation totally
unliko the firm resistance which ouo meets
with whon ruuning tho hand down the spino
of a sound sheep. In bad cases there is a
visible hollowauco ot tho back, associated
with a corresponding penduloua condition of
the abdomen, and a general emaciation ot the
body, the apino uticks out prominently, tho
gait of the animal is foeblo, its wholo apiicar
ante being dull, dejected and melancholy in
tho extreme. An examination of tho eye will
astitt materially iu determining tho question
of disease, If tho lids aro everted, tho
menibraua nictitans being pressed forward, it
will ho found that in the early stage of tho
malady, and especially if thu animal has
been excited by being driven a short distance,
tho vessels of tho conjunction are turgid,
with palo or yellowish colored blood, and that
tho wholo part has a peculiar moist or watery
appearance. Later on the same vessels aro
blanched, and scarcely to bo recognized, ex"
cepting, perhaps, ono or two, which presents
a similar watery condition, or aro turgid, with
dark colored llood. Soiuo other symptoms
might bt mentioned, but tho above aro suffi
ciently uumeroui and thoroughly character!!-
tlc- . .
Trcatmect for prevention is bettor thsn
cure, and ai In tho present stato of our
knowledge wu nro in a position to offer many
sngjcstioiia, which, it properly carried
out, cannot fail to bu of ser
vice in aheckiug tho fluke malady. It
it, in the first inatsneo, desirable to mako a
few remarks on this head; moisture being es
sential to the growth aud development of the
lluko, it is clear that sheep cannot hu affec
ted to long as they are kept on high and dry
groeml, aud even in low pastures they can
scarcely take tho ducaso so long as they aro
folded and fed on hay, turnips and fodder,
procured from drier situations. The moat im
portant is to separate the rot affected, from
the unaffecto 1 ones, and tako both to dry
ground and good shelter, supplying them at
the samo with a'libcral quantity of manger
food, such as beans, peas, oil canes aim other
logumnious seeds. The fodder, of whatever
kind, should bo frequently chauced, and many
other lijgienlo measures adopted, all tending
to promote the appetite and general health
oi tho animal. it mutt not bo
neglected to give them plenty of table salt
two or threo times a week, it is well proven
that sheep and goats feeding on salt water
lamts liavenoter been aimcteil Willi lluKes.
As to remedies they are legiou. I know of
one drug which is a ccrtaiu cure but uufortu
nately it is so expensive as to forbid us to ad
minister to thu lower order of animals. I
have recommended to sheep owners iu Cali-
lortua, lupuun, wnicn is ijivlii irum u vu i.
grains 3 times a day, Tho profession and
those interested, are invited to call on me,
and examine specimens in my possession,
lln. J 1. 1. Van Dkx IIkhu.
McCouuack'h almanac for 18S0 is duly re
ceived, and, as it has been for years, is placed
in a handy place for immediate ute. All
book-teller have them.
l(.n (l, l!.t M mrontl for th FaUMU.
and e who U the agent in your vicinity.
Eastern and Foreign Wool IdnrkoU.
Concerning tbo wool trade, wool supply,
and general prospects ot tho wool market for
the present and future ot tho United States,
tho ICconomlst of n lato data sayat
It is clearly manifcat we must seel; for sup
plies tomow hero elso outsiilo of Kngland, mid
in order to secure tho samo wo must outbid
Kngliah buyers in all markuts. It is very
evident, therefore, that prices ot wool havo
not reached thoir altitude In any land. Tho
truth is, tho American people aro just com
mencing for tho tlrtt timu in our history to
roahra thu Unit fruitn of their long-cherished
dreams. Wo aro growing stronger and richer
every year na n nation.
It is now booh that thcro haa not boon any
contraction of tho currency, hut with tho uid
of silver wu havo had rather an cxfiusloii.
Willi moro abuudaucn of capital, and a lower
rata of interest, tho American manufacturer
will hereafter bo placed in a bitter position
to computu with thu llntlth aud KuroiKi.ui
manufacturers, and, therefore, ho van afford
to pay a hotter prica fur wool and all raw
materials. Tho pouulaeo nt largo ..iw find
thcmsoIveH financially iu a better iKizition
than at any period siuco tho oloso of our en
torncaitio stnfo, nnd nru more willing to pay
better prices fur everything they wear aud
contumo. Fur somo jears p.ut wool mid
shoddy woolens l.nvo been Belling nt very low
fiimrcK. Hut thu pcoplo havo hod a eurluit of
tho Litter, and aru now disposed to wear moro
costly apparel. Aa it coimcnuouca there has
been nn active demand for alt claues of wool,
on and dry goods generally, and, as wasBaid
at tho Philadelphia lunquet, tho othor day,
our woolen producers were never before iu a
better position financially than they are to
day, and it would matter littlo to very many
of them whether thcro was high tariff on for
eign goods or not.
Thu market continues to gain idrcngth un
dor a good inquiry, and pricca of all gradeH ot
domostlcs nud foreign wooU are again firmer,
What Thoro Is in Wheat-
Tho wheat grain Is a fruit consisting ot a
seed and ita coverings. All the middle part
of tho grain is occupied by largo, thin cells,
full of a powdery substance, which contains
all tho starch of the wheat. OuLtido the
contral starchy mass is a single row ot squar
ish coll filled with a yellowish material, very
rich in nitrogenous, that ft, flesh forming
matter. ISoyond this again there are six thin
coat or coverings, containing much minoral
matter, both of jiotasli and phosphates. Tho
outermost coat is ot but little valuo. Tho
mill products of theso covering of tho seed
aro peculiarly rich in nutriment, and lino
flour ia robbed of a largo pcrcentago cf valu
able and nutritious food. Middlings not only
contain more librin and mineral matter than
fino Hour, but alto moro fat. Tho fibrous
matter, or outer coat, which is indixostiblo,
forms one-sixth of tho bran, but not ono
hundredth ot tho fino Hour. Wheat contains
the greatest quautity of gluten aud tho small
est of starch ; ryo, a medium proportion of
both, whilo iu harloy, oats and corn, tho
largest proportion of starch ami the smallest
ot gluten aro to bo fouud. Iu practice 100
pounds of flour will make from 133 to 137
Jioiinds of bread, a good averaga Iwiug 130
pounds hence a barrel of 100 pound should
yield 200 one-pound loaves. American Mil-
or.
Flour from Shriveled Wheat
Much having been said ab.ut shriveled
wheat making good flour, Mr, 1). M. Guthrie,
who had soma grain that wa badly shriveled
aud almost unlit for any uso, determined to
hava it ground to sao whothor or not it would
make flour. Tho first lot of eight and una
half bushels ot wheat was ground at tho mill
ot Uglow HrothotT, in tills city, ami 310
pounds ot flour waH thu result. The flour
provod to bo of first lato quality; but Mr.
Guthrio was not satisliod with tho one test
nud a short time since took to thu mill fifteen
bushels of grain, iiiachina nmsuro, which
returned COO pounds of flour. Samiilui ot
the grain and flour havo been brought to this
ollice, ami Willie trio lormcr ii naniy sunvei
ed and appears unlit for ate, thu flour is of an
excellent nualitv and has uiven entire satis
faction to all who havo tested it. With this
showing In favor of grain that has been
affected by rust, tho (tamo should havo n con
siderable market valuo, and whothor it can
bo sold or not, it can bo ground into flour of
on excellent quality, as tho test mado by Mr.
Guthrio fully demonstrates that rutted graiu
will make flour lit to bo used for any pur
pose. Dallas Itemizer.
Australian Wheat Yield.
Wo havo remarked before that our Austral
Ian neighbors havo been buffering fully as
severely as wo have in alternations of drouth
aud rust in their grain fields. Indeed the
statistics of tho averago yields of somu of the
colonies would seem to indioati that their
misfortunes were greater than ours. From
tho Australian's accounts it appoars that two
and a half million acre of land iu Australia
were under wheat in tha last harvest 1878'0
being more thau twice tho area under
wheat eight years ago. Tho produce, how.
ever, in the present year was littlo moro
than 20,000,000 bushobi, or about 10 bushels
!ier acre, the largest wheat-growing colouy
South Australia) having an average yield of
ittle more than seven butheU per aero
while Hew Zealand ateraged nearly 23 buth
tiM, and New South Wales H bushels per
acre. l'aciflo Itural 1'reu.
I'lisejumwa !'! uu.u!.iiu-Yiii ' L",IJ
NO. 45.
Hofnndod.
W. P. Leonard was collecting and canvass
ing fcr this paper one year ago and ho and hid
partner colloctcd over n hundred dollar, that
remained unpaid until tho other slay, when
Loonnrd remitted ua what ho claimed wa
duo us from Denver, Colorado. Ho anserta
that ho left tho matter in tho hands of bits
partuor and did not know of 'thadolinqucncy
until lio heard from us about it. Wo glvtj
him tho lienofit ot hi explanation and rs
very glad to got tho mosicy. Ho baa our re
ceipt In full.
A Good Lino of Goods.
Till Summer whilo travoling through Mast
cm Oregon, wo mado tho oequaintonco of Mr.
J. M, Rabin, who is tho P.icifiu Co.aat agent
for D. IUnsom Sons' "Kinj-ot tho Wood"
mid other patent medicines. Mr. Srdiin ia nn
excellent rcpicaoutatlvo of a good lino ot
goods. Tho "King or tho lllood" is adver
thed ia uur paper; And in thii connection wo
would say that it ia nu now incdloine, hut ha
stood tho teats of years. Tho houso of D.
Jtansjui It Bon h.ii a quarter ot n contury t
"baok it," aud ia pjrloitly reliable.
Election of Oi-ccrs.
At tho annual olcotlon hell by Oaweg
Grango, No. 175, leo. 13, 1971), tho follow
ing oflicora wore eloctcd to servo tho coining
yean Master, J, II. Dickinson; Overseer,
Miss ICttle Carman; Steward, U. II. Wilruott;
Assistant Steward, I. M. Davidson; Chap
lain, U. W. Uryant; Treasurer, Joa. Ranger
Secretary, Milton K. Shlploy; Galo Koepesr.
F. Ford; Core, Mrs. 11. Whlttell; PoaaoM,
Mrs. F. Ford; MorMUsZelUCarrniUdy
Aasiataut Steward, Mias 1. A. Hayo.
Noo-Hck.
The Puget Sound Courier Bay t
There are now over one hundred aottler in
tho Nooksack region. The settlor will open
the big jam iu tho Nooktatk river in tha
etrly spring. Tho crop all turned out wlL
Thoro i only one thresher there now, but
next Beacon at least ono more will be requir
ed to perform the work, as tho acreage will
bo largely lucre od by that timo. Nook
sack Crossing i gotting to be quite a nktoe.
There aro two stores, a telegraph ofUxt, A
blacksmith shop, et., there.
Mn. A. J. Smith, of Quillohuto, write to
tho Argus to ascertain tho most offoctivo
moans of killiug largo fern and rod-top aorrel.
Wo are not publishing rui agricultural paper,
and houco do not lay any claim to being
authority on audi matters ; but our limited
exporiouco load us to asy that there ia no
way of successfully exterminating tho kiud ot
aorrel spoken of, except whore it la just aUrt
ing in small patches, in which caso old atraw
or manure may bo piled on it tbiok enough to
smother it. Wo would say that the quickest
way to got rid of largo feni ia to pasture tho
laud short and koep the young; fern talk
broken down until about tho latter part ot
Juno ; then uso a good nod plow and turn tho
soil over to thu depth of six or eight inches.
From that time until Wintur it may bo har
rowed well as of ten as tho torn starts. Iu tho
following Spring it nuy bo planted with
potatoes or some other hood crop that will
afford amplo opportunity to keep tho young
feru cultivated down and also to loosen tha
soil up and let tho font roots decay. Very
littlo can ho done in cropping heavy fem
land tho first year It i plowed, and therefore
wo deem it cheaper In tho long run not to try
to raiso anytuing on suoh soil the first season.
Port Towntond Anus.
Mulks.- A correspondent in tho Ohio Far
mer says that after tloicn yeans of cipori
enco with mules oil tho farm ho consider
thorn far superior to horses, aad would always
recommend, where two teams aro kept, that
nuo should bo a mulo team, Tboy aro bettor
than horsos for tho following reasons i They
onduru tho boat much bettor, nud aro not so
liabla to sickness nr injury, and when lamed
or galled, thoy recover much aoener thau
horses, Thoy also havo greater vuduranoo
ami will do more work. They require leas
feel ami will last many year longer than
hortos. Notwithstanding thu prejudice exist
lug against them, thoy nro, ns n rule, a
trusty as homes and moro responsive to kind
treatment.
A I.aii'ih Ari'iK,Mr, N, Ford raisod a
Gloria M unli applu nt tho Diamond fruit
farm on tho Walla Walla river weighing 40
ounce and meat ureing 10J inches in circum
feronc. This U said to bo th) largeat applo
ever raised in this or any other country.
The laigest appl'iat thu Centennial woighei
V2 ounces, huch it our country and climate
for fruit, yet many rofusu to believu it, be.
causa it looks "big." but still it's true, nev
ertheless. W. W. Watchman.
Yoo can pay any agcut ot the Fauuku your
subscription for the noxt year, See eighth
paje.
a.i. j'-i,
IS
TK