OCT-3 11903
tV
lH.i-r- J-iC&fK,'
tOTSli
t i TJtmrs
ADVERTISING RATE?;
wh niiio,
jya.COrcr IVIonth , .,,
for no Inch ot drcrUXn;ripMo, fsjM
the first imsth;
Sfl.OO 7.cr Eflonth
Tor tvo Inches;
05.00 Per month
Kcr three itchy, lth rcsiMoibls term
tor lev timo t JucrUKnint.
I-csat AtlvcrtlstmcBta
l'nlilljhf'l on 1'tTOrablo Term
MU.1INES3 nnri
UMlrttjtllkentiiucowUlhiT speela
lrmj; not Im thau IW por month far
a column ot tiront Inches.
a , -'
V BUHSlOHII'TION
wii snn tmi
JJilluiutte Farmer,
Jfi
ft jsfWlt Ninas s, titlewpricso
,00 Var Annum.
IsWWkth the added cspenw ot an en-
ii
svrgol lssuo we cannot alToH tho paper
Wtsbout nro'p-ijrnientat law Umii
1 30,00.11
DorMtler our Inrsi Libia chsrgo 1U lie
f $2.50 In advnee, or
$3.00 after Six months,
AoJ wg prefer to hart par In adrince.
,
VOL.. XL
About Agrlonltaral Journals.
We hear of corUln parties who aro anxious
to .tart an agricultural journal iu this city,
,arid bavo Issuod promUea to that effect. They
y there it plenty of room, and no doubt there
in, m Oregon ii ono of tho roomiest States we
know of, and wo havo known it nearly thirty
years. They speak with confidence of taking
it at one stop into tho upper story of journal
Jim, which Ionia to tho surmiso that it will
bo as high up at tho start as it will over get.
Wo of course have no ohjoction to other
journals being started, and havo livod to soa a
number of them wound up after short
careers. Tho Fahsixii has had a prolonged
eaistenco, as it was started over ten years
ftgo, and if tho next comer in tho field docs
M Well as wo have, works as hard, is as
.economical, has $5,000 ot capital to invest
without interest, and can work for nothing
kealdcs, as wo did, ws congratulate hlin or
.thorn, and prcdiet that in six or seven years
iho business may pay oxpensos. Such, at
least, was our oxperienco, but then wo didn't
Urt in tho attio, but laid the foundation
carefully and workod up and wo didn't drink
srhlsky and play cards to any great extent.
Tho peoplo who tako nowspapcrs havo somo
experience of prepaid subscriptions and brief
Aorcors, after prodigous promiums, and wa
tiT that they will conclude that ono agricul
tural now ipa per that has made a success for
itaolf and learned how to fight a good fight
lor tho people U all they need just at present.
"Wo don't liko to bo unkind or discourtoous,
Ad it is unpleasant to us to dash the budding
hopes of incipient journalists, but when it
.oonio. to making an agricultural newspaper,
' wo havo been there "lot theso many years!"
and when wo read that somo unfortunate man
U about to launch another newspapor and
especially an agricultural uowspaper on tho
ea of journalism, wo admire his teal, while
J
) wo uouui nil uiscrciiuu. r.vuu wmi uiu icfc
iln our favor that wo do not look to tho wit,
UkMKTTK Fakmkr for singlo dollar to pay
iho expenses of editor and publisher and his
ianiljr, wo havo all wo con da to rnako both
eod meot. We havo always striven to make
tho paper continually more valuable to our
readers, in fact, fully as valuable as tho
nieani at our disposal would allow, whether
those means wsro derived from the business
or oamo from tho outside, and wo confidently
assert that no one else would havo kept it
alive for tho past ten yoars and improved it
m wo have, or could have done so without
sinking $10,000.
Wo made a great enlargement lost fall, and
mo day passes that wo do not rcceivo kind
loiters saying that tho papor is lately much
improved. If wo sell property, as wo hojxi
to do, we shall mako still further improc
meuta next fall, looking to the future for our
recompense. We propose to deservo tho full
support of the farmers of tho Northwest
Coast, and havo no doubt we shall rcceivo it.
Cape Foulweather.
There are somo good and substantial argu
ments to be mado in favor of Capo Foul
weather as the site for a Harbor of ltefugo, if
it shall provo that tho location Is well adapted
to tho purpose. That is of course tho main
object, but a point might almost bo strained
ia its favor upon the ground that the con
struction of a safe harbor thcra will give the
Willamette Valley the benetlt of another sea
port. Tho construction of tho harbor will
certainly result in the building of the narrow
gauge rairoad from Corvallis to the ocean
sut to Yaquina Ilay merely, but to tho shores
of tho constructed harbor. Such a consum
mation would be of the greatest importance,
tor while that point cannot become the great
commercial port of the Northwest, it can do
lively trade, and will result in bringing
prosperity to the shores of Yaquina Bay, and
give the upper counties more direct communi
cation and shorter distance to reach San
;, Francisco, or even to load vessels for Europe,
saving the great expense and detentiou that
Attends loading vessels at Portland. This ad
rootage can only attend tho construction of
the harbor where it can be reached by railroad
communication with the interior. The pass
from Corvallis to Yaquina offers the most
favorablo route for such a rood, and the enter-
i prise of Benton and Linn County farmers has
already secured a commencement of that en
terprise, and it has been very faithfully
worked up, so that its practicability is thor
oughly understood. Any improvement in
commercial facilities redounds to tho benefit
of the producer. Tho Harbor of Refuge at
or near Yaquina Ilay, and the construction of
the narrow gauge road to connect tho Wil
lamette Valley therewith, will enable pro
ducers of tho upper and middle valley coun
tiss.o ship their products much cheaper, and
they will thrive better in proportion. The
proposition grows in favor as wo view it care
fully, and we sincerely hope that circum
stances may favor the location at that point,
a ft matter of economy to the general govern
ment, and for the advantage to a great pro
ducing region.
8tato Fair for 1870.
Wo havo received from Mr. E. M. Waitc,
steam printer and bcok-bindcr, and also
Secretary of tho Stato Agricultural Socioty,
a pamphlet of IM pagos, containing a list of
premiums awarded in 1878, together with n
list of premiums for tho Stato Fair 1870, and
tliu programme and regulations adopted for
tho conduct of tho namoj reports of com
inittcso, socrotary and treasurer for tho last
year, also a sketch of tho early history of tho
Socioty, by J. Henry Brown. In looking
over tho list wo perceivo that tho Hoard havo
havo chosen nnd appointed capablo and prac
tical trarsons as superintendents of tho va
cua classes and divisions. Wo havo not time
to givo a critical examination of tho list of
premiums to bo awarded, but wo havo no
doubt that tho Society has profited by oxperi
enco of past years to tuako tho list cover all
needed points, nnd we know from tho past,
that tho Hoard aro as liberal as thoy can
afford to bo in encouraging a good display ot
products and manufactures. Tho Fair will
bo held at such timo in September or October
as tho Kxecutivo Committco shall decide In
Juno uoxt. Wo aro pleased to know that
through tho liberality of citizens of Marion
County there is n prospect that tho pavilion
will bo greatly enlarged and the floating dobt
of the Socioty greatly reduced, two very Im
portant needs of tho Society. It Is to bo
hoped that tho coming Fair of 1379 will provo
a perfect success.
Tho Harbor of Befnge.
Wo havo no Interest in tho location of tho
proposed Harbor of llofugo further than to
desire that it shall be constructed as speedily
as possiblo and located whero it will do tho
most good in tho future. It is a matter
that should bo decided strictly upon its
merits and not from local prejudice or favor.
It seems to us that haste is to bo deprecated,
and that this matter should be decided after
careful investigation by competent authority,
Of courso it ought to le located on tho Oregon
ooast, and far euough north to do tho most
good to commerce. It is a matter very few ot
us can really afford to express an opinion
about, because very few con bo qualified to
havo any opinion, unless thoy thoroughly
understand tho dangers and difficulties that
beset navigation on this coast, and even thou
the science of tho engineer must como in to
decide tho practicability of constructing such
a harbor in any given place. The true way
will lx) to havo tho advantages of different
points ascertained by thorough investigation.
This will tako time, and time enough should
bo taken to secure good work and full in
formation. It may be natural for different
points to seek this great advantage in their
own favor, but wo havo no point to advocato
and no favor to seek in this connection, for
any locality. If tho power laid with us to
decido tho whole qcstion wo should refuso to
use it, not having tho least confidence in our
judgment in tho premises, so wo do not care
to assist any particular locality, and only
hope that it will bo eventually decided for
tho !cat interest of tho commercial interests
of tho Northwest.
Fun two months past, and almost ever
since removal of tho Faiimkk to this city, the
editor has lccn iu a condition of health that
has made it impossible for him to got about
his work or attend to tho details of affairs.
Ho has been a sufferer from nervous prostra
tion, and regrets that this has interfered with
tho working up of tho markets as ho intended,
not being able to walk any great distance.
Ho hopes to gain strength with the adent of
pleasant weather, so as to be able to discharge
his duties.
Some timo iu March wo received a notice
from Mr. K. Strong, Salem, of the meeting of
Vomona Grange, and supposed it was pub
lished. The editor has been in ill health for
some time past, not competent to keep the
run of affairs, and as this omission was by his
fault, mislaying this instead of handing it to
the printer as he supposed, wo hope it will be
excused, A communication from II. L. D.,
Columbia County, W. T., was mislaid with it,
or would have been published three weeks
ago.
Tame QualU-
During the 'past few months Mr. Al.
llhodes, living ou Piety Hill, Salem, has had
encaged about fourteen quail. During the
warm swishiuo of yesterday afternoon he
opened tho cage and gavo them all their
liberty. For a short time they were badly
frightened, but soon becamo acquainted with
the premises and would como up w ith the
chickens and eat wheat when thrown to them.
While in the cage they were stupid and quiet,
but since they bac received their liberty
they welcome the rising sun with whistling
peculiar to tnemseives.
Ax interesting communication from T,
Paulsen, Butte Grange, will appear next
week.
PORTLAND, OREGON, . APRIL 11, 187
Orange County Hones In Oregon.
Under this head Wallace's Monthly for
last month has mi interesting sketch of two
fino horses, "Kockwood" and "Kisbcr,"
owned by Ilcdmond A Smith, formerly of
McMinnvillc, and now of this city. Hand
somo engravings of these animals are pub
lished in connection with tho sketch, mado
from photographs taken by lluchtcl, of this
city, Tho magazine compliments horso
brooders of our Stato on having tho uso of
such excellent animals, calculated to add so
much to tho valuo ot that branch of stock.
Tho writer sketches, nt somo length, tho
grand points of tho Hamblctonian-St.tr cross,
showing that the Hamblotonian blood, blended
with tho product of Locloy'a American Star,
furnishes tho richest strain of trotting, stock
attainablo, including such rcnownod animals
as Dexter, Jay Gould, King Philip, -Dictator,
Norwood, ami many others wo havo not
room to refer to. The magazino proceeds to
say: "Results highly satisfactory must follow
tho entree of Kisbcr in tho stud, coming as
ho docs from a family pre-eminent among
trotting families, and being full brother to the
fino, young, rising stallion Norwood, who is
justly sustaining tho roputatiou of his
parents. It is therefore useless to doubt that
the entire sons of Lady Fallis and Ilysdyk's
Hamblotonian are among tho very best stock
horses now before tho publio. Kisbcr is ot
this parentage Tho far West will certainly
welcome tho advent of Kisbcr into their
midst, by bestowing upon him tho lucrative
patronago ho so richly deserves." Tho
writer goes on to sayt "Kockwood, foaled in
187o, by Fleetwood, son of Happy Medium,
by Ilysdyk's Hamblotonian, is n grand colt.
Ho is a very dark bay or brown, weight 1,010
pounds, and will maku a horso full 1G hands
high when matured. Ho shows a fino, open
gait, and is sure to mako a fast one. His
siro has a record of 2.29, and great things aro
expected of him. With theso horses Messrs.
ileUmond ft Smith havo tho neuolua ol a
breeding establishment which should maku
its mark in tho trotting world, and undoubt
edly it will."
These aro tho animals Messrs. Ilcdmond &
Smith advertise in our columns this week, and
with this introduction given by such high
authority, thoy need no culogium at our
hands, and deservo tho tatronago of those
who breed good horses.
Columbia.County, W. T.
Tho following letter has lx-en mislaid
otherwise it would have appeared several
weeks ago,
Dayton, W. T., March 10, 187!).
I.'ditor Willamette 1'armcn
As the winter has passed away and March
has como with his ilnmal, blustering manner,
like a half-spoilod boy ono moment storm
ing and rude, and then weeping a shower of
tears and again smiling warm and bright,
causing tho tendor grass to spring to meet his
caress and mako tlie stockman rvjoico and
dream of snow and starving sheep and cattle
no more, It is quite pleasant to look up the
losses and find that they aro not near so bad
or great as thought to bo. As far as I havo
learned, there has not been much stock lost
in this section. Fanners aro ery busy plow
ing on the lowlands, but snow still lingers at
tho foot of tho mountains. The deepest
snow wo Itad was 12 inches, which laid on
about two weeks and went off with a Chinook
and rain, and our roads an) bridges went
with it. The stage has to take to tho hills
and hunt its own road from Dayton to Waits
burg. Times are looking better with the opening
of navigation. Most of tho wheat crop of
1878 is still iu farmers' hands. Fall-sown
wheat is looking well, and if nothing unusual
happens, will make a good crop.
Trusting that tho Farmkk will meet with
tho success that It deserves, and that it will
always continue tho farmers' friend,
I am, respectfully yours, It. I. D.
From Dallas,
Diluu, March 31, 1879.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
Everything U lively in this part of the
country. In every field the busy plow is
running, and all aro anxious to get their
grain in as early as possible. There is a great
deal more grain being put in this year than
eer before in this part of the country. The
fall grain looks well, and cver thing indi
cates a more abundant coming harvest than
ever known in theso parts. Money is cry
scarce at present. Because the railroad is not
finished tho farmers stored their wheat in tho
Dallas warehouse to tho amount of about
17,000 bushels, and they cannot sell until tho
road is finished. (!. W. M.
A VEKV large proimrtion of the cheese fac
tories and dairies throughout the West and
Northwest use 11.11. Roe & C'o's improved
apparatus for the manufacture of cheese.
Their factories are located at Madison, Ohio.
Letter from Master of State Orange.
i ' Owkoo, April 5th, 1870.
Editor Willametto Farmcri
I havo just returned from a trip into Yam
hill County, whero I went to organize n Po
mona and County Grange, mako somo long
promised visiU, and sco tho country. As
longas I hadvlivcd in Oregon, I had novcr
seen but little of Yamhill. Doing detained
by oxtremo hlgtf water wo spent nearly a week
in tho county, took a trip to Perrydalo and
Sheridan on tho famous "narrow gougo" as
thoy call it at Dayton, picniccd on top of tho
lied Hilli, met our Grango friends nt Lafay
ottc, paid our visit, nnd had a pleasant and
enjoyable tiiQt generally. I must say that I
camo awsy with very favorablo impressions of
old Yamhill, and very friendly recollection
of hcrpooplo.
Tho pot of Yamhill, and especially of Day
ton and Sheridan, is tho Narrow Gauge Hail
road, and though tho coaobos aro not qulto
equal In finish and decoration to thoso of
some Eastern roads, though tho track is not
perfectly ballasted, and occasionally wo woro
compclhd fo stop and cut tho fallen trees
from tho n ad, tho rido to Sheridan was very
enjoyable. Getting upon a platform car and
seating ourselves on a Morrison plow and ft
case of coal oil, my friend Capt. Powell and
mysolt had ample timo and opportunity to
eoe tho bet u tiful country through which tho
road passes. On the car in front of us was a
lot of merchandise in boxes, etc, and among
tho rest a lot of tobacco all covered from tho
rain by large canvas. Tho wind and tho
motion of tho car caused the canvas to work
to tho rear, anl being finally caught under
the wheels of tho following car, was rapidly
drawn backward, and with it tho tobacco
boxes, which camo tumbling on to the track
and through some trcstlo-wcrk which wo were
just crossing. A few minutes later and somo
body's tobacco would havo had a good soaking
in tho muddy waters ot Salt Crook.
There are ihany fino and some woll-tilled
fawns aJ.P'Orl. I never more fully real
ized tho differenco between thorough and
careless cultivation than I did during tho trip
to Sheridan. On Uroadmcad 'a and other well
cultivated farms the winter wheat presents a
most beautiful and promising appearance,
while on others whero the soil though equally
good, has not received tho proper prepara
tion, there will bo hardly half a crop. A
largo amount of tho land adjacent to this
road is yet unreclaimed, though of tho best
quality and cosily cleared. It looked to mo
as though a little "unrestricted" Chinese
grubbing would not ho a bad thing for this
part of Yamhill. Judging from appoarances,
Yamhill wiU'produco on unusually largo crop
this season. I was sorry to sco that wild oats
has secured a firm foothold, and will for years
bo a sourco of trouble and loss.
After traveling through tho country nnd
closely observing its farms and fanning, tho
firm conclusion in my mind is that tho farms
are too large, and that tho great need of tho
country is a sub-division of them. Wo would
havo better farms, better farming, better
roads, Jietter schools, better society, and bet
tor and cheaper transportation. Wo would
have a higher standard ot rnral tvittf, ii'ui-.v
tion and culture, and an increase ot all tho
dements that tend to make a peojdo intclli
gent, prosperous, independent and happy.
On March SO we met n number of the
earnest patron, of Yamhill nt Lafayette, and
organized Yamhill Pomona Grango No. 8,
with Hro. D. 0. Durham, MoMinnville, Mas
ter, and Jlro. U. V. Fuller Secretary.
Fanners of Yamhill, permit a brother
fanner to say a fe w w ords to you. You have
ft beautiful and rich valloy, bat you are ex
hausting iU-fertility by continued wheat
growing, and' the yield of your fit Ida will
year by year grow less until you change your
system. Some of you may doubt this, but it
is nature's law, and you cannot eseapo :t. Let
me advise yout sell a portion of your land;
free yourselves of that curse ot the farmer,
debt; give your remaining acres better and
more thorough culture; diversify )our pro
ducts, and spend more of your time and
means in making your homes bvauttinl. Put
less toil and more thought into your calling,
and make it more attractive to your children.
Unite withHbc'Crange and take your sons
and daughter with you. It is the fanners'
own and only organization, a practical means
of combination, of united effort and self-help,
and affords tho sociity and recreation you and
your families so much need. Iicam and prac
tice tho great principles of truth, justice,
charity and brotherly love upon which it is
founded. Cease to bo mcro plodders, and get
out of tho narrow grooved of isolation, preju
dice, and miagled credulity and suspicion in
which you havo been running. liy mutual
aid educate yourselves and cultivato your
gifts. In the frank and free discussion of the
Grange of those great questions in which we
are all alike interested, learn to be mora lib
oral, and above all thing break the bonds
J).
which mako you tho slaves of party and tha
dupes of demagogues. Thus you will bo tat
ter qualified to act well your part iu lifo nnd
fulfill tho duties of citizensj nnd lawmakers
of tho Stato and nation. Thus will your vo
cation bo elovatcd and mado more rcspcctablo
nnd your sons will not bo so anxious to ex
change tho free, pure air of tho country tor
the poisoned atmosphere of tho city.
Thus may you nchlcvo a bright aud happy
future, and mako your beautiful valley not
only bloom and blossom, but n very garden of
Wen. A. It. SittrLKT
How to Mako Orange Meetings Pleas
ant and Profitable.
In tho first place lot us all attond tho moot
ings regularly and let each and ovcryono con
tribute to mako it interesting: it nothing
mora than a bouquot of flowers for tho desks of
the officers. It is to bo presumed that tho
Master is personally acquainted with tho
members of his Grango and knows what each
ono makes n speciality of. Somo havo n
greater knowlcdgo of somo ono branch of
farming, consequently thoy can talk or write on
that subject tho best. So let tho Master ap
point two or more brothers at each meeting
to prepare an address or an ossay on nsmo
subject. Lot it bo ever so poor, at first, they
wilt improvo by practlco, and it will teach
thom to havo confidence in themselves and bo
a great benefit to all. There is plenty of
talont iu our Granges it wo only doviso mean
ot arousing it. Let two ot tho sisters bo also
appointed to read a selection or writo an
essay. Thcra are various subjects that would
lie of interest; such as butter making, canning
fruit, poultry raising, sheep raising and how
to mako homo pleasant; tho experienco of ono
should benefit all. I think that th. Grango
should bo run moro in tho interest of educa
tion, that tho farmers as a clans may lie
educated up to a higher standard ot manhood
and think and act independently, and not look
for other to think for them, I find men
occasionally who are periodical in attendance.
When thoy want something through the
Grango nnd tho. Grango is not ready to grant
thoir request they becomo chronio grumblers
and say the Grange is a failure. Let tho
watch word bo education. That is a good
word, let it bo passed around. Tho farmer
needs to bo educated, not only in his own busi
ness, bat in every direction. Ho ought to be
tho best educated man in tho community.
His calling to be honorably and worthily
filled, require higbor intelligence, bettor
culture, moro general information, a widor
rango of thought and moro exocutivo talent
than any other profession. Why not, if farm
ing is tho pivotal business of tho world. All
othor kinds of business depend upon it and
revolvo around it as a common center. Then
it stands to reason that it should call into
action and depend for its success ou tho best
minds and thu most uiftod members of tho
community. Tho timo will como when farm
ing will bo regarded as tha most honorable as
well as tho most useful profession in which a
person can engage. In ten year from this
timo tho most intelligent, tho best educated
fanner in Oregon, will sit iu tho Governor's
chair and bo honored as tho Chief Magistrate
of tho Stato. Wo havo a very distinct
premonition of what is in tho future. Let us
bo punctual in all things punctual to tho
hour ot meeting and punctual iu tho dis
charge ot every duty imposed upon us, and
also let us bo punctual iu paying our quarterly
dues. There is no one but can, if ho will, lay
aside thirty cents for that purpose. It is so
much easier to pay such small sums than it is
when thoy aro let run until they liocomo
quite a debt. Let tho Master insist upon
promptness in all things. I wish I could
create tho love I bear thu Grange in the
hearts of all my brother and sister. Let us
love our noble Order and support it and be
Croud of it. I never look into our Manual
ut I am more and more sensibly impressed
with the beauty of its teaching. It is the
noblest Order on earth, and let us never
stand by and hear it assailed without raising
our voice in its defence. Corresjiondout of
Ilosburg Independent.
Harbor of llofugo.
At a meeting of Pomona Grange, ot Marion
County, held at Salem, April 4th, the follow
ing preamble and rewlution was unanimously
adopted)
Whereas, It appears from estimate made
by the proper officers of thu U. S. Govern
ment, that a good harbor of refuge (.an be
constructed at Cape Foulweather, ut much
leu cost than at any point on the Oregon
coast south of that capo; and,
Whereas, The uaturo and course of the
prevailing winds off the coaet of Oregon
makes tho construction of a liar! or of refuge
as near as tiouible to thu Columbia River
of greater iuqiortanca to tho commerce of
Oregon than such a work would bo if con
structed further south than Capo Foulweather,
therefore.
Resolved, Wo aro decidedly in favor of the
construction of a harbor of refuge at Capo
Foulweather in preference to any point south
ward from that. E. Stkono, Sec.
A KubscniUKiiat Viola, Clackamas County,
complain of irregular mails, and wo hao
pm,iHfrrA,l lilA rAmtiLllIlt tft thti tmiit filtlfft (, 1
this city, asking that some way of relief shall
DO lurnisueo, possible,
NO. 8.
The Farmer as a Basinets Man.
Tho commeiciat aspoct of tho farm need
brightening. Thcro aro many mon who havo
grown rich upon their farms. They nro suc
cessful business men. They havo oxercisod
as high commercial skill, at times, as mer
chants and manufacturers employ, and their
success has been in proportion to thoir skill
In tho art and ncienco of monoy leathering.
Hut, nsido from these farmer princes, forthoro
aro farmer princes as well as merchant prince,
thoro nro many men on farms who do not suc
ceed better becanso thoy are not good business
men, and not because tho business itsolt ia
not profitable. Farmers sbonld bo as wiso In
thoir generation as tho shopkoopors. Tho
production for a markot is a matter in which
much high skill may bo oompressod. Tho
selection ot tho best markot, tho increase ot
demand by adapting tho production to meet
popular tastes, and tho opening of new mar
kots, tho quostiou of how much tho coat
should bo for mooting tho consumer all those,
nro quostions which como before tho farmer;
as n business man; and who can doubt that
farming would becomo a bettor occupation it
all those matters wore aoltled aceording to
tho best of thoir possibilities?
A great doal depends upon tho aettlomont
ot thoso questions. Hero is ft man who got
fifty cents a pound for his butter all tho year
round by giving it Mi attractive form and by
working up a constant demand among wealthy
customers. There is another man who gets
returns at tho rato ot $12 a day for his labor,
bocauso ho sot at work to raiso a crop, (or
which thero is a special demand. Those
things aro dono by mon who aro always watch
ing to make tho best usn of tho productirn
power ot their land and animals, just as the
merchant watches for new ways to dispose o
his goods at ft profit.
A hardware doalor in a westorn Now York
village found in his stock three dozen wire
ox-muuels for which there was no sale. Ha
fattened three wires to the edgo of one, hung
it out in front ot his store, and in less than ft
wcck wiro which was dead property as or.
muzzles was all sold and was hanging on
piazzas as a now style of flower basket. This
is tho way merchants succeed. They foster
every domand and excite now demands in
overy way they can. The farmer needa mora
of this business liko wisdom and ingenuity.
Ho needs to look moro closely into the doslres
of other people, and to turn overy whim and
taste of consumor to his profit. Tho mora
thought and study ho gives to his operation
will not only improvo them tho mora, but
peoplo will sco that ho is a busy, progressiva
man, and ho will learn that tivoplo havu
handles by which ho can turn thorn to ad
vauco himself. Tho fanner uoods a closer
coutact with tho world; ho uoods to under
ataud it bettor, and then ho will bo prepared
to movo at tho hoad of affairs and uso both
his ingenuity and ntrength to secure businesui
advantages, as manufacturers and speculators
now uso ineirs nt in expense.
And thu farmer cai bo a better hiiaincM
man, gcnorally, In tho conduct of hi farm.
A wo remarked, nut many week ago,
farmor havo crippled themselves too much
by robbing the laud to support wildcat enter
prises. It Is from money which ought to
liavo been invested in gaining largo uroiM,
that great monopolies havo liccn able to grow.
Hore is a business principle that should ho
better understood. Tho morchaut thlnka
money well spent which is used to advertise
his business and draw purchasers. The
manufacturer spends iiinnoy on now machinery
because ha can get larger returns and much
more in tha sanio time. Tho farm should be
a business enterprise to Ihi improved in a like
spirit. It should bo more a business in itself,
and not a pioco of ground from which every
thing is to bo taken, and to bo left in tho end
a barren as a deserted oro bed. The experi
ence of our let farmer teaches that this is a
commercial princlplo which may bo success
fully applied to the laud, and, liko a man who
builds a mansion near his growing manufac
tory, these men livo in plenty and their land
grows in value overy your.--llural Press.
Nor Guilty. Tho trial of Churchill for
the murder of More, at San Iluenaventura,
Cal,, has nuiultod in hi acquittal, Tho trial
has been in hand fur a long time, and several
others, charged with the murder, which wis
committed by a number of persona in tho
night, havo been convicted. More was mur
dered by settler whoso land he was taking
from them under some old title thoy did not
know of. He was very hard on theso set
tlers, and drove them desperate at being thu
wronged of their all. Churchill was a young
man from Monmouth, Polk County, Oregon,
and considerable interest has btm ft.lt in tho
case on account of his parents, who reside
thire still.
Leltchville.
Surveyor O. L. Wolfurd has returned from
LciUhvillo whero hu lias been Burvoying the
town bit's ot that place, and also a now road
from I;itcliville to a point on .Snake River,
called Yacwawaij distance, (no and a half
miles. Hu ixfonua u that all thu land ia
that vicinity is now taken up. Farmer are
busy plowir.g, flower are in bloom, and thing
generally present a prosperous appearance.
i Jiouso uueiiu,