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WILLAMETTE FARMER.
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New Industrial Applications of Salicylic
Acid.
M. B. Wagner, In the Technologist, enumer
ates a large number of Industrial uses to which
the newly disoovered salicylic acid can be ap
plied in addition to its virions medicinal uses.
If during the past two years science had made
-no other discovery than this useful product, it
would still have conferred a most important
boon upon mankind. We enumerate, briefly,
gome of these numerous applications:
The Preservation of Food Product.
The antiseDtio. tasteless and innocuous
qualities of this acid render it of great Talue in
tots direction.
Fresh, uncooked meats, washed in an aque
ous solution ot sauoyiio acta ana afterwards
secured in hermetically sealed cans, and plaoed
in a cellar, was kept, by Mr. Wagner, tier-
ftctly free from taint from April 28th, 1876, to
June 25th.
When added to salt brines used for the pres
ervation of food, it is fonnd a great assistant
and Keeps tne Drine sweet.
It bas been used with great benefit in the
preparation of smoked meats.
One or two parts in one thousand kneaded
into fresh butter will keep that artiole sweet in
summer time from four to eight times as long
as when noimng out salt is employed.
lis Use in Arts and Manufactures.
In the manufacture of wine it is thought
X thou eh not yet tried) that a very small quan
tity placed in each cask will so retard and mod
ify the progress of fermentation as to be of
great use in securing ana preserving tne deli
cate bouquet of that product. If so, its aid
will also be valuable in the manufacture of
Trinegar.
In the manufacture of glue and gelatin, sal
icylio add may be advantageously employed in
the macerating vats, also io boiling it appears
to facilitate the conversion of the tissues into
gelatin.
The sizing used by weavers and the paste
employed by bookbinders, paper-box makers,
etc, is preservtd from fermentation by this
new and useful product.
The albumen of blood or eggs may be preser
ved by it for an indefinite length of time.
In tanning salicylic acid seems to promise a
new and mobt important ngent. Its presence
in the "sour bath" prevents putrid exhalations
and gives to the hide a decidedly improved ap
pearance. It is also thought that it will facili
tate the ordinary action of tanning materials
in its action upon the gelatin and in preventing
souring of the bark liquors, which produces
gallio acid that works a hindrance to the tan
ning process.
Its employment is specially advantageous in
the preparation of skins for gloves, and in the
preparation of parchment, vellums, gold beat
er's skins, strings for musical instruments, eto.
It has also been found of great advantage in
the preparation of dyes, inks, perfumery,
etc.
The full value of this most important prod
uct is still tar from being fully Known. Mr.
Wagner and other scientific investigators are
continuing their researches, and will no doubt
continue for a long time to come to announce
further applications of this acid in chemical
arts ana in manufactures.
The New Metal, Gallium, and its Salts.
51. Lecoa. in a communication to the Frenoh
Academy, states that he has succeeded in ob
taining the metal gallium and its salts in a tol
erablv pure condition.
When deposited by eleotric action, gallium
forms a very adherent layer; it is hard; it is
polished witn dunomty ay inctlon witn an
agate burnisher. - The metal thus acquires
great brightness, and appears whiter than plati
num. When the electrio current and the rela
tive dimensions of the electrodes are propeily
regulated, the gallium presents a beautiful dull
surface of silvery white, finely granulated, and
interspersed with small brilliant points, which
the microscope shows to be crystals.
Gallium, deposited on a platinum plate, is
not much oxidized during washing in cold or
boiling water, nor on being dried in free air
raised to about 200. It decomposes water
aoidulated witn Hydrochloric acid in the cold
state, and more rapidly in hot state, with a
brisk liberation of hydrogen.
Notwithstanding the undoubted rarety of
mis new meiai, ciose researones seem to in
dicate that it exists in small quantities in nearly
all blends. Tne extreme sensibility of its speo
tral action is liable to lead to an over-estimate
of its quantity.
M. Lecoq, after enumerating the actions and
proportions of the various salts of gallium,
adds: "It there is no error as to the nature
of alum of gallium, the existence of this salt
fixes the atomicity of the new element, and at
tributes to its oxide the same chemical func
tions as that of alumina. The oxide of gal
lium, then, will be written Ga2 Oj.
Locomotives without Steam Domes. A cor
respondent of the Scientific American says:
"The Boston and Albany railway company has
some 240 locomotives, most of which have no
a'eam domes; and if you ask the men who
handle these engines how they carry their
water, they will tell you that no engines work
drier steam or less water than they do, under
-all circumstances. It is well known that much
of the track of this line, on the mountain slope
between Wtstfield and Washington, lays on a
grade of 83 feet per mile. Steam domes are
not only expensive, bnt are a deoided injury to
a boiler, and if locomotives work as well, they
are certainly much better without them. This
company is continually building locomotives
without domes, which seems tu be the best
evidence possible that they ere as useless as a
steeple to a church." The journal from which
we quote remarks upon the above: "There are
many locomotives which have no steam domes.
The celebrated Orampton engines, made in
1817, bad none, and gave excellent results. It
is usually considered, however, that drier steam
is obtained from the top of the dome than from
the sbtll of the boiler."
Intention Eelatino to Cab Wheels. A
recent invention relating to the casting of chil
led car wheels consists in constructing tbe me
tillio annular chill with annular air chambers at
the points of the interior surface of the chill
where tbe outer periphery of tbe flange of tbe
wheel is formed, and also at the point where
the onter horizontal surface of tbe tread is
formed, by means of which the central portion
of the tread, which receives tbe greatest wear,
sallowed t) harden; but the o'ber periphery of
the flange and tbe outer surface of the tread
are prevented from rapid cooling by the new
conducting air chamber, and tbe metal at these
points is molded and preserved in its full
strength and tenacity, which is said to be a re
sult to be greatly desired in view of tbe fact
that, while the process of chilling hardens the
iron, it greatly impairs its tenacity and
strength.
A Fassenoeb locomotive is being built in tbe
machine-shop of the Philadelphia k Holding
railroad company, at Beading, Pa., for exhibi
tion at the Centennial. It is to be entirely the
work of apprentices.
Pacific Mail Steamship Cp.
New York to San Francisco, via
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JRA.TES OF1 PASSAG-
Panama.
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tirThe Rates include the transit of the Isthmus of Panama via Panhma Railroad. Also, Bed
ding, Board and all necessaries for the voyage. An experienced Surgeon is on each ship, and no charge is made fo)
medicines or medical attendance.
Steamers leave New York every Saturday at! 12 o'clock, Noon,
A.nd Make the Trip to San Francisco inJThree Weeks.
This Route 'offers Special Inducements to EMIGRANTS, who will avoid the delays.
discomfort and expense of the tedious trip oi
erland by rail.
THE STEAMERS OF THIS LINE CONNECT AT NEW YOEK WITH ALL THE TRANSATLANTIC LINES FROM EUROPE
Also at the Isthmus of Panama with Steamers of the
Hamburg American Packet Company, from Hamburg and Havre,
' The Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, from Southampton,
The "West India and Pacific Steamship Company, from Liverpool,
And the General Trans-Atlantic Company, from St. Nazaire.
All information regarding Through Rates of Passage, can he obtained from the Agents of the above Lines at any
port in Europe, from whom Through Passage Tickets can be purchased. ,
THE OFFICE-OP THE PACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY, IN NEW YORK, IS ON THE WnABF,
PIER 42 NORTH RIVER, FOOT OF OAJSTAX. STREET.
iy&s22fcii
E. J. Trumbull, Dealer in aud Grower of
SEEDS
or
Vegetables,
TREKS,
FLOWERS.
Shrubs,
BULBS,
Kto.,
Var the GARnKN, FARM, nnil IM.A.'N'SIOJsr,
43T Samsome Nln(, San Franclseo Kf D riptlve CU 'ucs on application.
Pelton's Six-Fold Horse Power.
Having mide new arrangement! with Mr. McKenzle, I im prepared to supply my powers to alt persons
favoring me with tbelr order. All powers horeafter manufactured can only be obtained of me or my agent.
In future they will be made under mj directions and specification!, and nothing but a prime quality
Machinery Iron will be uned In their manufacture.
I have greatly Improved the application and bracing my Levera which will give them ample strength.
All powers fully warranted. For further Information, Bend for Circular! and Price List to
Address,
Uv9-lam
S. PELTON, Patentee.
Salem. Oregon.
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Hoa. 337.89 and 831
81 nUKOUOO.
BtTMt,
,TUE M.W IMPROVED
HOME SHUTTLE
Sewing Machine.
PRIOH, - - S-iS.OO.
WE ALSO BELL
The Home Sewing Machine.
These machines use a shuttle, straight needle,
and make the Lock Stitch,
They are surpab.ed by none.
TAty are the amplest ami Ughtett-running ma
chine! in the vtorld.
Bend for circulara,
Mrne. Demorest Reliable Patterns.
BEKD FOR A CATALOGUE,
lloyal Ckarti, (2 SO.
E. W. I1AIKE9. AKeut, IT New Montgomery
Street (Orend Hutel ilallding), Ban Francisco.
eientifie wn$ S$jlSJ?S' &
iiZZ2ir(u... aai Sansomo Si., xt,
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MACHINERY, BUILDINGS. PORTRAITS, LANDSCAPES, TRADE-MARKS, LABELS, SEALS, MONOGRAMS, etc.
tflj s-V
IN THE HIOMEOT BTYLE 01 THE ART.
" E. SCHULTZE, DEWEY A CO,,
MAKAOSR. Publishers and Went Aitnta.
wsiSimm
Publiihed Quarterly. Jam'apy MiimtjuM
iuul, ud iuiiuiih ovtr 100 I'AiiMi.SOOrNi kawno,
..scnriiuM iil mjrii than 500 uf our brat Flowers
aid Vegetable!, with Uireiilomlurl uliur. .Comihhj
LATH, etc Jheniutl Uelu1 and rlnt work o
I k kind in the wotl I Only JJ Ctnts Wr tl f
I u'j'uhed m r iul"fc and rrn .in .
ASitwM IAME3 VICK, Kocheatcr N.V.
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I will send 12 Floprlnc 1'lnnti for Ore Dollar
fyourcholce from 100 sort.). M MAIL Oil 1 XPIlUiN.
MY ILLUSTHATED CATALUUUt,
d.wrlWdh. ruitiir.fl'lanla A Seeds,
)kaBaBM in rn,inirra irrri mn.rp Anaim
r.K.BOHI)ITtll,615 Harrea at., Boataa, Hau.
Dewey & Co. fiJ,! Patent Agt't.
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