Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (April 7, 1876)
"i i rTTnmw wiiMinym'WMnaf3miiwrwnnTrtriT 1 1 jimm A Four-Page Supplement with the Farmer this Week. t ?w -n- . Jy ur 3.00 per Yoar. SALEM, .OREGON, APRIL 7, 1876. Volume VIII Number 8. Is Co-operation by Farmers Profitable? Ed. Farmer: Believing that the farmer's paper is the medium through which farmers should interchange views, and having your invitation to write, also, I shall offer no apology for sending you a short article for publica tion. Like many whose time has been spent on the farm, your co-respondent is not a proficient in the art of writing for publication, and" will bo satisfied if successful in making hluiself under stood by those who peruse the columns of'tho Farmi:r. To compose and write with due legi bility aud dispatch is an art not acquir ed without moro practice than is usual ly bestowed on it by laborers and farm ers; yet none require the aid of the pen more than thp.V, as they have not heretoforo enjoyed the advantages of pergonal intercourse that is enjoyed by professions, ami for this reason they should call the services of the pen mom into requisition. Let farmers write and read, as well us-plow and reap, and their interest will b advanc ed moio than if their entire time was occupied in labor. Let them give substantial support to audi papers as have espoused their cause, aud which are identified with their interests, and tlioy will soon be come strong and united, whereas they are weak uiul divided,,,. Since tho or ganization of the order of the Patrons of.Husbandry, much uusbeon accom plisn"edIn"thls direction, though much more remiins yet to bo done. The principle of co-operation should bo fully applied to the support of a relia ble agricultural journal such as the F.KMi:n, so much as that it would lind its way to every farmer's home, rind then the publisher could furnish it much cheaper in proportion to the in creased patronage. could do the whole amount of work required. We know a very respecta ble merchant Ju our county who sold goods last season at an advance of 44 per cent, on wholesale prices and yet complains that Patrons are responsible for tho dishonesty of other people " not being willing to pay a living price for their supplies " so that the merchant is necessarily compelled to put up short weight to make the forty or fifty per cent, on his investment. Merchants complain that they do not make much In their business. "It is not because they do not soil high but but because they do not sell enough. Large sales and small profits is the remedy for tho evil of which they complain. Now, while we have no wish to harm the merchant in his le gitimate business, (having' been favor ed by them ourselves, when we did not have the money on hand to pay down, but we were always of the im pression Unit we paid the interest on that favor and do not think that we would have got it if the merchant had not been laboring under the same con clusion,) but we nevertheless hold to the right to supply ourselves with goods from our own establishments and on a different principle altogether from what we have heretofore been practic ing. We want reform in this matter, and we should not hesitate to under take to remedy an evil that we know exists. Ex AifVEuao. Creswelf. JMarch T'20th7l87fi. v Solution Mii. Editor: In the' last lssne of " my pa por," the Willoiettk Kakmf.u, on iuqui rur wishes"'- to know how many feet, lumber measure, there are in a post twenty-two feet long, night indies square at one end, and two inches f qutire at the other." According t Loouils's Uaometry, Book 8, Prop. 18, "A frustum of a p)iauiid is equivalent to the PUBLIC MORALS. Ed.'Farmeii: Seeing your article on the public morals, I catitiot help offering a lew thoughts on that subjsot for tho considera tion of your readers. When I consider the fact that la revealed to u by tbe history of the world, that all effort of republican forms of government, both ancient and mod ern, have failed through their internal cor ruption and the degraded state of thtir pub lic moral; and when I cast a look at tho po litical condition of this, my country, of which I am a part and to which I owe my allegiance, and in which I expect my chil dren and my children' children to dwell, x cannot neip out cant noou: and seo it I can trace .there vast political corruptions that have brought this Government to diegraco anil to the verge of ruin, and made us tbe objects of pity and, I fear, the contempt of the civilized world. They are the eftect of certain cau.ea, a part of which you enumer ate, tyi there is one great cause omitted. Now, may God help me, in the.narue ot hu manity and an outraged country, to do this juslicewblle I attempt to lay It before your realers! J. refer to the legalized sale of spir ituous and mult liquors, a traffic at once at variance with tbe declared oljects of our Governments and that baa doue more than all other ues combined to briugabonttbe deplorable state of public morals thst dis grace att, corrupt this nation at this time. Lot us nrft look at the magnitude of this treftlc, and! Its piwer and influsnoo. Co-operation is talked of by the order 81,ra r tbree pyramids having the same al of the Patrons of Husbandry, as much or more than any other order, yet prac ticed as little at present, in proportion to numerical strength; and wo hear It uetioned seriously whether the order should endeavor to co-operate in busi ness matters at till; however we think there aro few who take that view in .Lane- county. In the supplement of the Inst Fahm Xi I seo an nrtlclo headed "Is co-operation beneficial to farmers, " which meets my views on this subject with the exception of the latter part of the article where it speaks of co-operative stores. In tho first place, ho say,-: " Where are they to be located? Thero is not a town or village in the Province wh icl is not already crowded with stores tmd eon-equontly prices aro kept down to tho lowest remunerative point." Now wo agree with him fully in the proposition that the towns iiid villages tiro over-crowded with Mures, but wu do not agree that prices aro thereby kept down. On tho con trary, the nnre stores the higher the prices the merchants having applied the principle of co-operation to their IIUSHH.-SS 11'IIJi SlJICf. UUICIIIt'llS HO HOI I lilude ae-the irtistnm, and whose bases are ! tho lower base of ilie frustum, Its upper base, and a mean proportional between them"; or, in oilier vords, to Oud the con tends of a frustum of a pyramid: to the sum of the areas of the onds add tho square root o( Uielr product, and multiply this by doe third of the perpendicular height, llenc-e, 01, tho area of tho lower base, plus 1, the are of the upper base, plus ((, tho uifiHU pro ortioiml, multiplied by SS locoes, one third of the height, given 73!U cubic luehus, tbo commits ot the glon ffguro. Di vialng ibis by 111, Iho number of cubic in ches In ono font, I inn her ineadiiro, gives Ihe required answei: 51 33k, feet. 1 think tho iritnrt mi ou the money received imui the sale of bulls, In that cow y. tobac co question, should hivo been $1,51'.! instead oi il.412, as.l. A. A.v trs ba It. Jvrhaps it Is u iy(i'ir,nhioil error, tl. A. Uou.nkll,. t'orllHiid, Aleioh 'Si, 1870 I. V. Ilnrrii, Cre-ovuJl, Lane county, Or egon, rhoM, elvlug iii the same answer as ihnabote. A Juvenile," Kugene Uity, alss s .ui's thosaino answer as above, aud then ndd: ' I w,uttlo know how Jong tho post would bo should it, tor on out, forming a pyr-vuiid." En, Fahmek On J.in.-jW-b, 187d, Senator Morrill, of Maine, in Ueonte iu ih U. S. (Senate ou Senate bill No. 10, said: " The dUtMUion, under our utO(nageuieut aud countenance, is, say 70,000 QUO gallons, and we are a people of 40,000,0(10 ,. , " M.Saermau.oV Ohio '! think the am ount returned on which ux-was paid was 70,000,000. There was some ' crooked ' whis ky ihut did not pay tbe tax." Morrill' of Maine I do not know the amount of crooked wblsky, but I should suppose the distillation not leas thau 100, 000,000 gallons at least. Now, Jmt think of 100,000,000 gallons of distillad spirits lor a people of 40,000,000, in adH'lon to all that Is imported troiu abroad. What becomes of U? Ii la doctored and medicated, rectitled and refined, into all the shapes that human iugeuuitycan conceive, and the people are doctored with itj and poisoned wlih it, the cuiuuiui an wiuuu i' pauperism, ciiiuh, ties litutlon, beggary, wan', and ilei.th. The hla tibtios show, beyond all coutroversv.il any ihlug has ever been m.ido cleur bv statlfctics, that three-fourths ot Ihe puparlm Is al tributable directly and luiiiivvily to intoil citing drinlis, and thrH-louitisof the crime to tbe sumo canst. o Why, tir. more than all oihnr agencies com blued' Is Ihe terrl ble ellect ol alcoholic oriij.ks npon the tioaltfi and moials aud prosperity of this perplo It is tho gigamic crime of crjines in this age, and particularly in this country. in Washington." And do uot reoent events at Washington indicate that this is so T We see by Gov. Tildou's figures that taxa tion has increased iu twenty years from ?3 57 per head to $17, coin, for (Very man, woman, and child in this Government. Now. la there any man of f.iroslght that cannot tee that this system of whUky rule and reckless extravagance must be put dovwi. or this Government must tro to the wall ? Lot mo ask you, then, fellow-citlznns, to bury, with me, your polUical creeds ou the altar of our common country, and woik to put this Gov ernment in the hands of men who will hon estly administer it, from constable to Presi dent. It seems that all efforts nl tho people lo orgaul7.? for this purpose, in this State, are soon captured by the dominant pirtles. Now, let us go to tbe primaries of tbe party we think the best, and thero commence the work of reform, and if e cintiot carry our measures, let us make the best tight we can for our country, and let us keep up the wsr as long as thero is anything for us to do. , G. W. Dimick. Hubbard, March 'Jo, 1870. Terrible Flood in Massachusetts. Alkali Eook. San l'itANciro, March 17, 1870. Uo. Faiimku: home tinicslrcy I forwarded to tho SuiUbbontati Institution, lor analysis, a rpecliueu of the "alkali reck " of Ei&tcrn iimturrt with oor-h rithir Tlinv liii ..,, ',,.,!, .h,l ,i, i,i. r. ii ..,.. ! 0"-" a"d receive.! tho lollowing account " v ' .v.w coin .". L.v,.. "un u. ,uB iainM. It U PfimnnuA.1 tf . . . , . . .. ...,v., Vl and your produce. They adhere strict ly to thoe prices, and divide the trade so (hat they have to sell on tho princi ple that iW per cent, on one dollar is equivalent to per cent, on four dol Jaw, the demands of the vicinity for supplies (wherein the stores are located) being1 pretty much the same annually. When there are any accessions to the number of merchants, there must be a corresponding raise In prices In order to support (he mnv dealer, and the sur rounding comitry supports this new merchant on the same principle that n farmer wou'rt hire four men to do the Sand.... Sulpfiriu- sort 11 Csuboiiaie cods Water aud common sal .. 60 percent. .. a do. .. 25 do. .. 5 do. 100 vear nnri VifldpI .'Vi huuliola tn (hn onro. iinil nni. work on his farm when he only had the winter wheat is coming o'n, and is T.ie specimen I picked up on Butter Crook some fifteen miles from its mouth. Auo. O. KlNNEV.' Jast year Dr. John Save of MeMin ville prairie, procured some seed whent at one of the mills in this section and planted it ou a piece of ground near unit piace. it proved mat tno wheat was mixed about half and half, of win ter and white i-pring wheat. The f-pruig wneat camo on last work for thojn ono fourth of tho time, and would hhve to board and ciotho iham the year .round, when uoo hand one of the thriftiest looking fields of gTaiu in this nobborbood promising to yield a full crop. Now, (itst look at tho law governing this crmin of crimes : the Government sells (or $70,000 000 ihe rij-ht to carry on this business. And just take a gl'inoe nt ono ye.ir's bjsl ness wilh me: 100,000 mn havo bought tho right from our Government lo degrade, ds mcralizn, nay, to make, paupers, crlmiim s, vagrants, and vagabonds of our citizens lo miititalu an army of ut least half a million of bootless druqkaidi, and to maks niiscra ble at least odo and a lml million of helpless women and children who are so closdy re latod with thorn ns to be pu' takers of their degradation and wretchedness, and sending at least 209,0(X) of thorn yoaily to tho pior house aud charitsblo institutions, murdering from 80 to 100,000 of our eitl.nsand conilgn ing them to a drunk tnl's gravo. Now, with those frets sUrlug as lull iu the laco ought wo to liosurprisod to llnd tho "public morals" degraded? Wo aid beginning to gither the fruit for 'he corrupt treo wo have planted and nourished by our law, "for by their fruits yo shall know them." Lot us l.iy the ax a: the root of this tree. Hut how shall this be done? It is no stmll Job to do away with an ovll that lias the power and hi fluencaof this "crime of crimes." Acord lug to tba repm of Mr. Wells, Internal Itov eima Commicsloner, for 1H07, thero was sold by retail dealers iu the United Siat (I,4Ki, 401,803 worth of liquors and cigars. Tins statement hi sworn to by the dealers, ou which they pay tbe licensa tax, (and in little Oregon, 11,201,240 ) With this vast turn o' money from tbe retail trade, together with that from other branches of tbe traffic, tbey create s fund with which they are able to control political parties, and const quently control this Government. Bon fort's -'Wine ind Liquor Circular," In an editorial on this point says; "As to tbe possibility of carrying a law through Oongrou which is the out come of tbe unanimous wishes of the trado, we havo no doubt. The Wine and 8pirita Trad society has successfully carried every Important measure through Congresa, here tofore, and en joys lb hlgheU couldentlon I Woni'KsTKK, March 13) --About 8 o'clock to-night tno alarm was gived through tho vallev that tim dam of the Lvndohrook reservoir, which supplies the cltv with water, wrs giving away. The work of eloar ing nut dwelling booses and mills through out tbe valley was at once begun, and the excitement was ureal. Tbe water was pour ing iu torrents through the slnnn gate-house, and an entrance was forced to tbe gat-bons, but tbe waste-gate could not bo opennd. It being clogged with stones and gravel and the iron rods with which It is worked being bent. The reservoir covers 140 acres aud store (J70 million gallons of water. At 0:80 p. in,, tho reservoir dum gave away with a great crash. The spilling walls crumbled, lettlmr off 700,000,000 gallons of warerstora tiililml It. 'I lie water rushed down the rnvlno with a tenlblq roar, in b solid mass "0 leet high. Down through a narrow ravine, 100 feet wide and one mile lomr, the flood swept on. The sides of the ravine were fairly dug cut clein in an iu stini, for A0 leet, until the edire of the em bankment was also prpendlculr. Through the pine woods on one side of tho ravine, tho waters fore. The largest tres worn twisted around like s'.rww. pulled up bv their roots, and carried onward down the di-cllno. Tho Hood tore out evervthing Iu tho ravine and rushed toward the highway below. Tin ee ho irs alW thniUin broke away, the enyet was tell at New Worcester. The course of the stresin from the resorvolr thicugh tho other Ullages, whs nine milts, showing that tho water advanced at tho rate of tlupf. miles an hour. The first nillo, however, was made in thice minutes. Tbo situation WRsnritfcsl when iJib vva'er had mta hole thionirh the dvn. A tv urniiles past II onn end of Curtis t Marble's larcn brick shops usvnuwnv, Mlliifj up ihe siremn. Soon afterthe Arctlls bulldlnir tipped over and was left .landing on ono eiiil. About a qusrler of in the doub'oerch briduo on the Hislon mid Al banv ItHilroad, below Omils k Warbln'x shopgavo way and a mc'Iou of tboombmik ment, 70 fuel long aud UO deep, with i'.an iiutler was thus nimJeHtid the danger at N w Woi cester, was avprKxi. Af'cr the second breaking of thn 15 ,t A. It. it, tbo mill of vt ioks' luaiiiiMcuiiiu lomnany ut South Woicister was deilrovinl. Tho iVAter theu spread nut into a. series of tutadova and Iu tuo sjiilh pirl of city thero was a genend Iu undaion. The wafer Is tapldly subsiding and t.o further damage Is fettrid. Worckstiiii, March .11 The flood ly the dam disaster mil no uiatnrlal damage below South iVoi str. HI'cktoiH river was no1 harmed. The losses in pirtare estlmaicd as follows; cite of Worcester, (Um and ro-er-vo'r, fl-'"'0-besldis, the suinmei'x supply ofwaier, )-.,iiOll; Oeo. W. Olnev's liotle end birn.SlO.Hiu; J. W Siolih .t Co., mill Md teuen out mill owned by Wrlgiit ,V Hclior by aud occupied by A II Smith I4MHI0; Asliwonh ,V Jonos, trull, etc , $10 000; J. A. Hunt, Hthi'-t mill, f,,000j Hision in. Albeit) It it. cvo bridges; Cnr'ih it Marble, on inn, nmi; him wicKN Manufacturing Uo , i.)",ivu i itj env or minsHHir-r also losis isrgolv , perhap JlSO.tifiti by lUmas'e to hh-'h ways, liesldes d unsgo by ihe tailing of the mills. Nearly (iver dam Is destroyed One man and two bo.s h- inlying and aro (.im posed to bo drowned. The citv Is alietdv htilldinca dam on Parum's brook to si cure a supply of waUtr. Circuit court for Yamhill county fail ed to convene according to regular apKIntinent on Monday last, ou ac count of the illness of Judge Honharn. The Judge was comjielled to vacate his seat at Albany on accouut of sick ness in his family, and since then he has been prostrate himself. Undoubt edly a special session of court will be called at no distant day. There are several prlsloners in Jail at ipuite an expense to tho county, whose cases should be attended to as speed II v as possiblo to relieve tho county of their expense. The U. 8. fe'unrenie Court lias decided tho law of California, forbidding the importation of Chiueeo women, as unconstitutional. IFo the Wlll.imetto Farmcr.1 Which is the Best Breed of Hogs? Eisex, Berkshire, Suffolk, Poland-China, Chester White, or Little China. I am well aware each of thoe breeds-has Its friends and admirers, and I will not attempt to lead your uiluds fiom it, for llko tho poet, 1 bo loive, convluce a man against his will be is of the samo opinion still. E-tex is an entire black hog, aud when well fatteued there Is no hog having lets waste; I mean there la much, if not more, bncon and lard than any of tbe abovo-breods In mine ratio of pounds not weight ol tho hog. They are a yery slow Rrower, aud do not croes well, do not mix1 but in uiy rapid amongst the best grass hogs and most quiet feeder, but do not possess as much lean meat is I think our market do mauds. Ulrkahire Is a black bog, with a white strip In the face, all feet white to its dew clawj, and tip of tail while. The early breed of these, history Informs us, has Bome white spots upon its body, tboy aro good graziers and mature early and possess a large share of lean meat, and are very pro lific breeders. A Suflolk is a puro whlto hog, very thin hair, easily kept, moat of tx- callent quality; but I ilnd thorn too subject to mange in this climate. Poland-China is a dirk spotted hog, and are a mixed blood i aud of lato I And tbey are getting much darker by infusing more Jlt.-kshiro blood lu them. They have a large courso bead and ears, very large bone, and uot a fleshy bog, and can be made to attain a great weight. bin I think more percentageof waste. Ches ter Whim Is a hog emanating from Chester county, Pennsylvania, ltd treed cannb'to traced back to any importation of blood, and it Is thought was brought to lis present stale by good cresu(l6cl for a numberofyoais. It la a poor grszler, waits for its loodi aud pmsesves less lean meat than any hog I have ever seen dressed, and aro fast going out oC r'putation. Littlo China is well' enough known without my describing thorn, and I find them too t-Djnll for profit, and loo small lor bacon purposes. Now beforo a sslrclton of hogs Is made, wo must enquire what uiaiket we are going to? whether heavy pickled poik, such as was tissd in the whale tisheiiea, or whether lard touivku lard oil, or whether wo want It for family uso. Now, if you tire going to pur chase a horse, you select him for a special purpose; you lirat consult jour need. Now j on want to know winu is nteded In market: what, soils most re-idil); and which is most prn.ltahUt. Then jou will select J our bog accordingly; yon are all more or lem posted a'niiit bacon vvhloh brinus best prices, hams, sides, orshoulilcr-, and tbdr relative wtlght; then sslect your hogs ucuordlugly. In conclusion, I doshe to call your intui tion to the most liupoilmit point about a hr,g, and in which tbu Urgent errm is u iiiinilted and is tha bar lost to lemody or dispel (rem tho minds of hoji-iMlcers, and flint is the bans, i Jltl:r with nearly all upon this phit. I have four especial joints In a hog 1 want to en'orce, hence I dwell at length. Kirst, a nice, vvelt-b.vlanccd, aud pietly head nnduir, and around heavy body, covering as much ground as possible with his feet, but espooliilly his bono, and when you hear a man bay, "I llko Ihut hog," be will follow It tip by sR) Ing ho has a good tonn. As I havo urltlou ton much al this lime, I will tell you In my next about what I like, and when I lelljo'il liknaprof.t jou will all believe mo. Well, wo all wiint the hog that Is most piofiublti. Mr, lOJllor,. I have promUed ynu ijo much and su long lo give my views upon -his, I wiiut .v u to ((Ol mo when Jou ihlnk I liiivo fulfilled in)- ppjiiilw, or when jou mo til o.l of priming It. TlP'M.vs Cl.oss, .Slein, March .'11, 1S7H The luiest nam that ever left this placo went Iioiii here Saturday last uui'lutlug of 111 ihIs loaded with IU) ions of whest besides, the iws-engir, mail, express sud baggage iars' Kich tio.x car weighs 17 000 lbs making .'lil,-. DMi and ihe loading consisied or 3SO.000 mak ing u grand total of 70.1 000 lbs. eicluMve of the passenger, ixpress mall and baggage inirs and the engine. The engine that took this vast amount of weight over this load, must have a power unknown to the general, reader. This was niiulne No, 11, presided over tiy Mr. John McKailden, one of the It.. It. Co's, popular engineers. Mr. Helllnger, who presided ov ei this iuimeiiho train says he could tske ten more If neccessary. Thla is quite an tmpioveinent over ibe old ox tenuis that formerly dragwed loads to and from Hostiburg. I'tunilealfr, The town ol Seattle is a lively and patriot ic place. Ii Is li ou bled fistful! v with bur glars, has tbree loueilts in full blast, and has raised f I,u00 lor a Pourth of July celebration. The railroad from Duluth to lllsmark, on tho Missouri river, wan completed recently ud U now in running order, . i i tf I t I l( l 1 if (