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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (March 24, 1876)
1 V ""-- HW il U I -, v , J)f f I" . lillamtth farmer. STT2?XilmsnECKra?. SALEM, Kit) DAY, MARCH 24, IS70. ClyJesdilo ana Morgan Horses. The olilcst wo have, of Oregon rais ing, of the Clydesdnle btouk, nre four years old thfa spring; anil ns far as I Jhave 'eon, anil what I can glean from those who Imvh been lfiMngthis stoi-k, imd others not interested, in connec tion with the many sales nvido Eat, at enormous figures, I cannot help com ing to the conclusion that there is no better fanner's horse than the Clydes l,ile; or one moie suitable for heavy draft. An English writer in n recent article on Scotch and English farming, says of the Clydesdale horses: "Al though Scotch farmers generally have something to learn from their EnglKh brethren in the management ot cattle jind sheep, and require to inipiove considerable in the selection and style of their bucks and harncis horses, they -stand lilmost unrivalled in the breed ing and management of their cart 1iorse." There is no bettor farmer's horse than the Clydesdale. He has the lower in the right place; he can move off sni.irtl.v with two tons behind him: he walks four miles an hour; trots, if ijieeu be, seven or eight; is active ana 'hardy, his feet are siuml and good, uiid. Mr. PIckford and others who use many horses in large towns, assures mo 4hat no hores stand the work on the .stones like the Clydesdale, and none liear up so well against the rough usage .iiul buffeting tu which these willing "van horses nre so often subjected. The 'Heaviest and most valuable Clydesdale are bred within about 28 miles of Glasgow; their .stylo and usefulness have of late years been improved by breeding them with liner and less hair about their legs. It is the leg of the -Clyde-dale that enables the tanner to ovei take his work with so fow lioros. AVith neaily double the area of arable Und the agricultural relations show that in Scotland them are .".!, in Eng land 1.2, horses for 100 acres of medium land under a four or live course loti tion. The horses are invariably work ed in pairs, plow an acre a day and aie used in single at ay1 double cart. Wag ons are unknown in Scotland. I should judge the half breed Ciydes dale's that are being raided in this val ley will weigh from 1.-I00 to 1.S0O lbs when they arrive at maturity. The four year olds, this spring, will average from 1,200 to 1,500 lbs., this is what I call heavy nv.ulo horses, and another -rood feature in this stock of horses, they are invariably kind and domestic; never fail to pull when first hitched up to a wagon or to a load, and a poor , liore can Iiaidlv be found among them, -which goes to show that there has been it great deal of care and forethought in breeding heretofore, in bringing about much noble characteristics; and of such (wwerful feize and strength ns these van Iiorses possess. In the matter of horses for all work '4 consider the Morgan stock stands at the head; they nre almost invariably -good trotters, and many time horses are 'ibund among them; good for draft; generally nice riders. These combined jire essential to constitute a horse of this class. Tlicie are many that harbor the idea that a draft horse, can be a lioi-se for all work, that is luiickley ac tive; can make time on the turf in trot ting or running. All these ideas are absurd and strictly against nature; and no person that understands the nature of horses or breeding horses, will ad vauce such erroneous notion's. These expressions are more for policy's sake than anything else. You might as well try to make -water run up stream, as to try to combine thesu peculiar character iJsfics in a first-class draft horse. When .you undertake to breed for draft you ivili naturally gain size, heft, larger Jiotie, heavy mucle, larger feet, wider breasted, and in actions will lose motion rtind activity, and their disposition kinder and more domestic, and less of . the nervous temperament. The animal i kingdom is just as susceptiblo of being , modified and changed ns the vegetable kingdom. This Is not interfering with nature in the least; It only proves that -different causes produce different ef . fects: The more we study human nn i fcure the better prepared we are to ap j lily ourselves to the wants and necessi ties of life. Cor. Corrallix Gazette. The object of farming is profit. Whatever does not conduce to this is of IIO account: liml ilio nrt nf nirrlmilhnxi resolves Itself into the one question, -what will pay best? The experience tf a single individual upon a single ' farm is not .sufficient to sottle the prin ciples of practice. There are no two -farms precisely alike, and what would be a good system to practice upon one, tai ght be exceedingly bad upon anoth--jr; therefore we cannot take the expe rience of a single individual upon a ihigle farm, but the safe guide is the united experience of all who have Itccn intelligent observers. San Francisco now manufactures fire vrackers Instead of Importing them irom China. In two factories with $15,000 capital invested nnd using raw material to the amount of S7,r00, fire--crackers of the value of StfO.OOO were turned out last year at un expense for labor of $5,000. English brewers have arrived at San Francisco to commence the manu facture of ale and porter after the style of the host English and; Scotch bottled .weer. r OREGON'S PRODUCTIONS. Potatoes, etc. Oregon potatoes linve a reputation second to nonu on the coast. In this we do not intend to convey the im pression that poor or indifferent pota toes are grown, but that the average Is econd to none. AVe have seen potatoes grown In this State that surpassed tho best grown in California; but then we have seen equally as poor. AVhero proper attention is gien in the selec tion of land for cultivating potatoes, the quality and quantity are unsur passed. A failure or partial failure, so far as we can learn, has never been known in this State. The nearest ap pioach to a partial crop was last year, but by timely rains renewed life was given the vino and the tuber increased in number nnd size. It is not uncom mon to see potatoes ranging from one to three pounds each. The yield is from one hundred to five hundred bushels to the acre; but we have seen it go below eighty; but that was when they were dropped late in tho season, and not sufilcient manure put into tho hole or ploughed in the ground to cause them to glow with any degree of rapidity. As a rule, no manure is used, the soil being rich enough without It. It is claimed oy many that potatoes of indifforentquallty in the East grow hero a superior quality, but, in this, wo know nothing personally. According to the census returns taken last year, the number of bushels raied in the State in 1871, was nearly 000,000. Mult nomah, Marion, and Clackamas coun ties raised tho most tho first (iS.143 bushels; the second (13,91:!, and the last named county Go,02 1 . The increased yield of the Stnto in 1871 over the yield in ISO!) was onlv 0:),909 bushels. The Sound ports formeily drew much of their supplies from this valley, but now the Sound meets the home con sumption, besides exporting. The market for our surplus is confined to California, where, owincr to 1'tali send ing large quantities this season, prices nave tnus iar tins year ruieii low, AVith a marked increase in our ship. ping, a market in tins direction is building up which will grow in tin portanco each year. Sweet potatoes are not cultivated to any extent in this State. The demand is met by California. Why it is they aie not raised, we nre unable to say, unless it lie the cold, damn backward season; but in a majority of cases this can be overcome by hiirli cultivation On the slopes of the east side of the Cascades Ilauge we should think a handsome yield to the acre could be had. Onions are cultivated with great sue cess. Hut then it is only what is known as "Dciverinnd" where this marked success is had. This land is found in several parts of the AVillametto valley, and also, if we mistake not, in Clatsop county. The land Is very rich, and as it generates heat it gives tuberous plants a quick start and rntiid growth. By means of ditches the land can be irrigated at the will of the proprietor or tarnier. xne cultivation ot onions in this kind of soil was, at first, not at tended with much success; but as Time sped by nnd each year witnessed in creased laciuties lor drainage ana ir rigation, experiments gave way to a regular system. The market here be ing limited, the crop produced is in excess of the consumptive demand, and California is sought, where prices are very uncertain and unsatisfactory. The largest producers of onions are at Beaverton, where from forty to fifty acies are put in cultivation each year Messrs Steel Bros., of Portland, are nutting in the largest number of acres. The yield to the acre is very large to those unacquainted with beaver land it seems impossible to produce so much. Messrs. Steel; Bros, have erected upon thoir farm a Plummer Drying or Pre serving Factory by which process they have about all their crop prepared for market. It is warranted to keep in any climate and any length of time. It possesses all the freshness and quality of tho root when first taken from the ground. One bushel of onion tubers makes only five ouuds of preserved or dried onions. For shipping abroad, to me mines or lor snip stores, they aro invniuaoip. ior snip stores, the mines, or on farms not bles-ed with onions, they possess this excellent quality: after opening they do not spoil, but can bo used at will. Onions preserved in this manner were never attempted to be introduced iu this market until last year, but notwithstanding it is com paratively new, it meets with a good market. Commercial leioi ter. The Indians picked up, near Clav nuot Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island, the ltniiv nr n mnti iui,,,nl Edward Burgess Ord way, one more of ine many victims or the lost steamship Pacific. A passbook witli the Savings Bank in Victoria, in good preservation, was found on the body, showing that his account had been closed on the 2d of November last two days before tho disaster. Tho remains were interred by Mr. Smith, formerly purser of tho Otter. Tho Indians took from the bodv and gave up six twenty-dollar gold pieces, a silver watch, slide, two nug gets and two lotters one addressed to a Mrs. Jligglns, San Francisco, and the other to Mr. Cornelius O'Donohue, Shipley street, rian Francisco. The discovery of n subterranean forest Just below the surface of the bed of tho Thames Hiver, England, is at trading a good deal of attention In England. The oik, tho nliler and willow are the principal trees found. These retain their vegetable character, but other signs show that tho forest bo longs to the period of tho elk and the red deer in tbe south of England. What is PEiirrcT Sleep? Perfect sleep is always dreamless, while dream ing implies disturbed or un agitated state of brain and mind. This Is not rest, or repose, which is "nature's sweet restorer." When retiring with tho hope tor sound sleep, we should rever ently prepare ourselves for It. The following from tho Science nf JTealth, seems appropriate here, and a fitting conclusion to tneso cunosiues: "Going to Bed. Wo should never go to bed with a hope for rest, sleep and perfect repose until 'all ready.' The preliminaries for retirement aro all just as important as are tnoso ior mo days duties. We must not go to bed with an overloaded stomach, in an anxious or troubled state of mind, with cold extremities, or without anticipiting and responding to the caiis of nature in all respects, standing over a regis ter, before a fire, or in a stove-heated room, is not tho best way to get warm for a night's sleep. We should tako such vigorous exercise as will give quick circulation to the blood, and not depond on nrtiticiai, out on natural heat. Attention to all these things, followed by such devotional exercises as will brine all tho feelings, emotions and bentinients into accord with the Divine will, subduing passion, remov ing hatred, malice, jealousy, revenge, and opening the portals of heaven to all who .seek rest, peace and sweet repose." It is a happy custom with many to conclude the evening's proceedings by singing a sweet, quiet hymn "Tho Day is Past and Gone," etc. which brings all present into delightful union with each other, and with "Our Father who art in Heaven." AV. " Attend the Meetings. Farmers should do nil they can to encourage all meetings that look to intellectual im provement and moral elevation. Mock legislatures can be made very interest ing and instructive. Indeed, we know ot nothing more useful than to organ ise these. Fleet a govenor nnd get his annual and other messages. Have a senate uud houses of representatives, and pass laws as they must be passed under our now constitution. Adliero strictly to parliamentary rules and usages. But if this labor is too elabor ate, organize debating societies, attend them and tako part in tho discussion. Have well defined views on the ques tiones to be discussed, and you can learn to express them. No one can learn to speak In public without prac tice, and nearly everybody can learn to speak well with practice. The more he knows, however, the more he can tell. So, an important point in speak ing is, to acquire knowledge, so that you can speak so as instruct and inter est. But if a debating society can't bo established, encourage spelling schools, or reading and spelling schools, so as to draw the people together for im provement. Everybody can learn something at these meetings. The young folks will get togethor. nudfhese meetings aro better than some other meetiugs. singing schools all sorts of school, in fact farmers should eu courage aud attend. The Lady Apple. This beautiful little dessert apple, the pomme d'Api of the French, may often be seen In the windows of the fruiterers' shops in Co vent Garden, where its handsome form and brilliant colors never fall to excite admiration. It is by no means a new apple; on tho contrary, it was once said to be known and appreciated in the time of Pliny. It it now thought to have been originally a French apple, obtained from a wild variety found in the forest of Apis, in Bretasrne. Tu Xormandy it was well known as Gros Apis and liongbois. This fruit, which should bo gathered as late as possible, should be thinned where it is too thick. and, above all, should be as nnch ex posed to tn e sun as possible, so us to give It color. So well does it adhere to the tree that it will brave, without Jailing, the strongest winds. This apple-should be eaten with its skin on, this having so agreeable a perfume that we can hardly afford to dispense with it. It is litrgely grown in the United States, nnd always commands a higher price than any other fancV apple in the market, in this country it would, doubtless succeed well under orchnrd-houso culture, on the Paradise stock, or in the open air. G. in London Garden. Tin; vino Chunk. We were slion the other day ut tho drutf store of Kuhlerit Bii., tho $-100 nuet which a -thort time since wns found fii the claim of McDonough it Co , near Fort Lane. The piece is very near square, and one .ido is all gold, while considerable quart is intcr-iiercd anions; the gold in other places. Wo believe it is their intention to try aud sell it to some one who is sroinir to the Centennial and will have the pleasure of exhibiting It there ana aiso to many orthodenl.eiworthc Kastenj and Western States who have never seen gold in its pure state. To such this pieco will be quite a curiosity. Jacksonville Sentinel. A lot of nobby reporters from Chipgo went to Hloomington, Illinois, to re port a farmers convention, and this is what the truthful rural rooster of the Hloomington Appeal wrote of them af ter they were gone: "Those boys, these "dapper Jims," came to tho convention swinging little canes; schooled in noth ing hut the slang of the slums of Chi cago, and with their hair parted in the middle, they sat in judgment upon the deliberation of old educated men, who naye ocen years in learning lire's lesson; they came not to report, hut to misrepresent what these able and ox parlenced men say and do, and libel ludlea of education and refinement." X. A.. JSniitXi, .Ax-tlast, Salem. Oregon, dealer In Stereoscopes and Stereo scopic Views, and Scenes of Salem and tho surround ing country. Uft.-.tlze Photographs, lu India Ink, oil or Uutiri'olor. sell Hon to obtain Patent. Any person ilojlriiv infoimatlon as to the modi' o Wtn,- ont pitcnt, can stud a u-iiuist to the Faiixi ulUco. accompanied by a one-cent r tamp, and will celte by mail a oopy of tho revised Patint laws and pamphlet containing full Information as to how turn tlonscau be patented Agents lur the Wllliiut(i Farmer. Albi.y .IK nannsn Amtt) (lEOetchell Utthel Mll'rair llneim ista Win Willi., .1 W ilonatt llutto Disappointment s II imHtkir Ilrotviistllld W It Kirk 1) itti- ille J W liicluldir ".'"''Vo u!,,,,-,i--,,,!u,.u 'clA::r;.:::.r:,:::.::::.:::::!wis ci.5 Ootta,eUri. Ill HIio-iiIiIlo vow v shoemaker, II F Kendall Cor tills K Wood-turd Creuill lto-MooKnoi C'lickima WAJIIlls Ciinpl'icek UUIImimersley i" I V Lee. 1) M Otithrie ""In K re upon A Pmln Damascus K Pmln pt.ttoi KC Hadtttnr yalle SL Brooks Kat I'lirtlmd lacob Johnson Empire City T U Winchester KiiL'eneCIt) V B Unnn ElMon 1) V steams ot illij AD Oordner lMlrflild I.Iltlevans twist Unite Slliyhis. W L Curtl Goheu J llandsakir Ocrt its Sluppard AOalncs ONcnvlllo 1 P Pierce "al-ey T.I Illicit Hood Illtti..., V1 Watson llnrrlsbui Ilium Smith Hlltsliaro A Lnelllnfr Hepner Morion & Uerren IncUpenden-e W L Moduli) Junction Smith, lliaslkld & Co , V L Lemon Jack-ontille M Peterson JtrTerson W F West ICilln.'t' All Kclloss Lett 1st lilt , ,IM Biivlcy LlU'nnde SEllsnorth Lafijettc Dr 1'opple'on, A II Henry Lbauon SH Clamrhton Mcadotttllle It lv Lausdale McMinmllle A Held Mitchell Allllrejman Monmouth W Waterhonsc Ncetv Win Mori-land tuwelNvllU' I'P Cattleman Xoith Yamhill DCStcttnrt Oakland I A Sterllne 0tte'o A 11 Shipley Ott Ill Schroeder OiUjonClt -T M Ilacon Ocliuio .Ill Donthlt Pmlletnn W A Whitman reel In SD Haley spring at -i ,1 H Lewcllin Portland S P Lee, A 'ent State Oranse Prliits'i UK" OMPiimjlc Perrydiile Mi OrAtt's Store Itlckrml FA Patterson Ito'ibiug Thos Smith Sch lrtlne & Moirls, ThnsMnnkcrs Sdterton Altah Brown Shedo' WM Potters Sjiiln.'lleld AGlInvcy bibllmlty ..John Downing Sttectllnme Ben Marks Shcridiu JB Morris Pilot Rock B aililain Jen Mile n ttnrney Turner n wit,,.l ancouver S W Brown, BBDcnurc Vhuhnd LO Forrest Willamette Folks M Wtlklns Walla Walla .IF Brewer Woodhnrn Matthiot Bros Waldo '. JCEldor Wlllott Forks AOPertcys Ynncalla J R Klllson, RS Applcj-atc Zena D J Cooper S Gofl, General Agent for Eastern Oregon. 1874. 1876. THE PATRONS' HELPER, A L RGK WKEKLV PABKR, Detstcd to the Interims nf the Patrons of Husbandry , As a Farmers- Pai- r Replete with nractlial in ormvion lor ttorkln; tanners. As v Coumeiuial Pti-ER Teaches whore, when, and how to b iv; tvh-re, when, and how to sell. to a .immKiMi mrKu-Kx-intes everythlne which Is of doubtful utility, and ctery advertiser tt ho i? ut iLuu'tuui rcimup iiiuuy Asa Kamiiy Pafiii Pure and chaste, fieo from scandals and lott tvlt. but full of the choicest and brightest thousrhtH of tho bet wr'tcis of the day. As AN'Ettspti-rR Full and complete, caietufly ca tilers liomall souius. tthatetcrisof Importance, and piesmts it in a fresh, hrlsnt. Intelligent lorm. A a Grimip Pti-cit-(ivcs all jrranzc news; freely aud lullv rilscusi all questions ot Interest to Pa ions, whether Inside oi outside the Order, ai d fear lesslt inuiUiins th" ouml poll'lcal and economic principles on which our reform is based. Sahirlitlon price, post paid, $1 V) a tear iu ad tauce Spcrimeii iopils nee. Addies all (ommtmtciMoiis to . , UKO. WILLIAM JONKS, Mnlllfs. lott n l'ililtlira. Greatest Variety FRUI T T R B E S In Oregon ! OSSHTIM) or Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Prune, Cher ly, Unipe, Goo-ieberry, Currant, Stiuwheiry, Hlaekbeiry, Kuspberiy, Mul berry, Ac; Alto. Iluttem it, Che .tout, lllack and Callrori la Wal nut, Silver l.tal Mi.jIii, Loinbardy Pophir, &-.; Alio which will hit wild low lurtu. l'leaee .end fur price Hit or cull at the .Tlllwaukle Marten and eximiue lor vourseive'. SKT1I I.VKLHSU, Proprietor, diTnii Milwaiikie Clackamas co Or. Farm for Sale. T wn.L SELL MY FARM OF Ann AORIW J. 270 or which are (,-oott prairie, unuer 'ood tulll tatlou. wllh good few cr, pi luclpully cedar rails, two uiaiu iiamn, win- inrfc'e nuri-it nnrii mnn waon Route, a .rood divellln!; uuiimf, whlili io-t lfiliu. a od oi ihard, andalltheiiecesMry Improvements foravood home, uud in as healthy a locality as there Is on tho ( oast. My market Is only one and a hull mills, school houstonu Ihltnof a mile, two stores aud postofllc Ihreeuoda half miles, irom my house; church, two uud a hair miles. The farm could bo divided to ad vantage, and make two i-ood larma, 'I ho (arm Is sliuited near the center of WIIIDBY ISLAND, Island county, Washington Territory. The Island Is forty mitt, louu and Ave or -Ir miles wide. ,.,,.,, J. C. KELLOOO. Je25tf P. O. address, CnnpevlHe. Island co. W T. REAL ESTATE LOANS. 0UEG0.V AMD WASHINGTON Trost Investment Company OP SCOTLAND. Tills Company l preptrod to negotiato loans In ., "'"Iru t0 to.") secare I over IMPRO VED C(rV PHOPBRfV and PAH LANDS, (oi tlxedperlodsir yeai s, or rcpayablo by half yearly In stallments. For terms, apply to ' ' WILLIAM RBID. Manaser. notlly u First Street Portland. o. w. lawsom, a..iuTTiiu. ZiAWSOlT A OVTTZMTO, Attoraeyit at Law, aad Real En tale Areata. 8ALXSI, ..... QBtQON. Office lo tbe old Cooit-Uoos.. Jao. l.ms-U STORE. I 1UVB PURCIIA8RD THE ENTIRE interest of Mcstra. Yeaton Longhanr In tho Furniture Storo on the it est side of Commercial Street, Snlem, and shill keep on hand a GENERAL A8 SORTMKhT of goods for the retail trade. FURNITURE & UPHOLSTERY l'arltu- & Chamber Sets, BEDSTEADS, LOUNGES, ROCKERS. &C, By the s't oi s lnR'e piece. Repairing and Jobbing DONE IN TUB BUST MANNEIf, And at reasonable price, as I am a practical w orkman JOHN CRAY. Rtlem, July 13, 1S73 y JOHff G. WRIGHT, Dealer in FAMILY GROCERIES, Crockery and Glassware, Wooden and Willow Ware, Tobacco and Cigars COMMERCIAL STREET. Salcra, April 20, 1S75. il&wtl ESTABLISHED 1855. Willamette Nurserv G. W. WALLING & SON, PROPRIETORS, Oswego, Clackamas co., Oregon. Growersofthe Choicest Varletlisof Particular attention (.-it en to Cherrj, Prui e and Plum tnec iRt SAD 13 3Li 3E3 3R.7ST , HARNESS. HAVING PIIRCnASKU THE INTEREST OF Mr. Watklnds in the old established honso In th above line, the attention of the community Is called: to tbe etock of XXd,:rn.eflis on band, which la offered at greatly reduced rates . SADDLES AND BRIDLES At lowest Granger prices. Hardware, Whips, Robei, etc., To suit everybody. R. H. DEARBORN Salcra. Feb. 18, 183. r ' """ '"wMt Salem Flouring Millf . BUST FAMILY FLOUR, BAKER'S BXTRA, XXX. SUPERFINE AND GRAHAM, MIDDLINGS, URAN, AMD SHORT, Constantly- on Hand. Htcrheist Frloe In CASH Paid for Wheat ATAZ.I. TIME. K. C. KINNEY, Bent istf Acent 8. F. M. Co To Trade or to Sell. A Good Ranch in Wasco Co., O" ,N BRIDGE CRREK, with or without Stock, well v ..-..,... .., K""u MtJunu nuu "U Mill I IU Ml KB, WBJI i tl ia " acru K(KHl culilvblo land, ami U..UIU i'io iwi hhibcf, uamu, or enuup, to ex caanKe for laud In this valley. For further Inform- For Sale ! if.'i'Sl! n,'ton "trn1e?. I desirable situation, with house largo, well finished, and convenient ineetl. and trroiiiids tAsteriiiitf nMinm. ....,. urns twin0" ApJSy" lo'xr oa cominodatIuK seoll Paiton's Bloc "siatVSu Ha'kV. MRS. OGDEN: Conitr of Fourth and A Streots, Portland, Or.m cnt by meaturemeiit. Persons llvlntc at a distance) oau bavsihe lateat atylea in Suit Material1 bonght anil Illflrlfin nn f...l..i 7.r !..... ...ji ..TTrA ',al 'w'1,lc,l" ,i,z . -.- -r"-!" " wi... nu wuist measure. 8n.,,nin EJ".1?8 dino,?'i 'esonble commls.l.m. Mourning made nn In 21 hours' notice. nj FALL PLANTING ! Flowers for the House ! The Autuain',No. or Vlck'a Ploral Oitlie, tonuiulng descriptions of Hvaclntha, Tollata-. fti,ie,fia"i,"u,b" '"I " fo" Pall plfnU Singer SewingJVIachine Agency. NOTICE. F!?m tnu "' lb'" te, Mr. P. C. OOODRICU .111 condurl tho Auencv fur thla (Wn.nJ li will condurl u, Agency for thla' Comnanv li n i.i.M, un, and la fully authorize, receipt for loonrys duo the Company, Is fully aiithorlred to recelv. ana? novlOuVJ w at. PAKH0N5 Agent. If- 4L J. 9. M, Dealer! In General MerolmndtaiA. KB.B.P,J..5.T0Cff.S' WAPMa- FAW- SZO&SZX, AAilsM, mTT ,"0""e' "v" -M 1 ! I,, I .Mtimmt "QjLtfrni v W-1 v25WPt5i Vi "-)-f rifl ; m$ i -SI ' J