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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 31, 1875)
& i $ I 4 i ! $3.00 per Tear, in Advance. IHB.CASR-SYSTEBL The farmers of Oregon, of tbla oout, and elsewhere, are all alive 10 tbo advantages and ad Importance of dealing atriotly for cash, mod we have a few brief remark to make on that subject. We have tried thi credit system, and are tired of It, A portion of onr subscribers pay sp punctually, bat the moat do not. We lose interest money, and meet with some losses, and the subscription list does not average ver 92.60 for each subscriber, per an snm, and this leads us to making the follow log change in terms: Hereafter all renewals and subscript . (tons, where tbe cash shall accompany (He order, earn be paid at $2.50 per in- am. Alt Subscriptions tbat are allowed to run thirty days ovor time will be In variably $3.00 per annum. Tbla offer is tnade to lndace prepayment of Subscrip tions, and will be applied only to those who pay strictly in advaace. All those who are receiving this paper are Invited to remit the balance that will be doe as on the 1st of January, and "add $2.60 to pay for the year 1870. That will commence (he year punctually, and place them on the sreplad cssh basis. A look at your tag will show yon how nnchyon will be Indebted lo as January lt at the rate or 25 ots a month. Remittances c-ra be made by registered Jetter, currency can be sent by mall at Its current value, or money can bo paid to our local agents. For tbe Willamette Farmer. Cur Hills-Brush Land Their Composi tion Fertility Questions Answered. BY A. F. DAVIDSON. Too much can hardly bo said on Ibese sub jects. A large portion of land, all over our valley, is now covered with oak grubs, young rlr, runple, bazlfl.&o., and because it tikes labor to giuh, pile, burn, and elrsr-up such land, and ibui tit It tipfirtlllK, niany rgard kuoIi lands as of no value In compar eon to smooth prsirlo. Tbe mere objeo Ion cf brush is not tbo oi.ly oun urel, against ' tbene lands, but tboy are sld to bo rolling and full of branches, sloughs, bills, and hol lows. Now, we ore willing to admit tbo oIJpc tlou, In no fr as thtt tenth are concerned, but fire unwilling to mini it the validity of tbe objection as lo tbeir being rnlliPit, Ac , lor all know wlio are arquaiuted with hydraul ion that rolling lauds curry olf all Btirplu water, and ihua counterbalance their rolling qualities. Soon after a rain, on suob lauds, the plow may run. Not so with tbe piairits or level lands. If it cost a bravy outlay in the earlier stages of maklug a firm in the hilly, brush lands, tblsh coinpousated by future produc tiveness in the richer soil. Richer from tbe disintegration of tbe grubs, brush, leaves, jand ashes, and their Integration by plants. Tbexe landb can all bedrianed, btwi-ie there la plenty of fall to do so. Nor need there be any uuder-dralns, nut simply open surface drams. Here is a great saving in both mo ney atd time. On the flat lauds, tbe cost ot draining, if we would have the soil in prop er condition, is expensive and the labor great. In Illinois, tbe prairies were settled firs', Sot a reason; and the rough lauds, as ibb oak points and nszle hills were then called, were neglected. In a few years, the Ger mans, and especially the English, came in and settled on thoae oak or rough Uuds, clearing them up, aud making flue farm of them. These lands, though cslled poor and roagh granitic and aluminous proved to be tbe beat wheat land In" Illinois. Wnj T Hot because they Mere tbe richest, but be bum they contained all tUe inorganic con stituents so necessary to the successful growth of the cereals; and, further, they war dryer, and, therefore, loss affected by frraalagoul; besides, tbe straw was stifler aaa seldoBB Ml down. Why was the straw tUttoT Forth elear reason that silica was abundant In tbla soil, sb without sUloio acid to foria tbe gloss on the stalks and leave, giving I hero rigidity and strength, no grain will eland well. But this is not all. Nucli land being based on a calcareous sub-a-oll, fiu.'iUb to the plant all the pboapbstes siid sulj.-iurUi at'd i.eveuury U ttieir perfect iowtiu Jttucs. tiiAa gro u ou such Uud A Four-Page SALEM, is comparatively freo from rust, smu', Ac, whereas, rich, level prairies being too moist, and containing too much orgaulo matter, bu rn as, peaty and other black mold, the straw is feeble, liable to rust, and the grain often sbrlveUd and light. The case is similar, though not to the same extent, here. Our hill lands produce our heaviest aud best-matured wheat. All the red hills, or foot lands, along the Cascades on their west tide, are of the best wheat lands. They are called "red hills," or ba saltic bills. But they are not merely basaltlo in their nature, for, although tbe rocks are mostly btsalt, there are other rocks than Ig neous. Thero are various sedimentary rock. as sand-stones, conglomerate, and argilla ceous; breccia and calcareous marl are abun dant, and deop down are vast limestone beds, The Igneous rooks seem most plenti ful because ou the surface, but on closer ex amination the majority wbloh have iormed tbe soil are botn sedimentary and metatnor pbio. As a consequence, then, we may ex pect to find, as we do find, that these red hills are admirable in tbolr mineral constitu ents. Sand and lime are scarcer than they should be, yet, by deep tillage, summer-fallowing, and pasturing by sheep, goats, and hogs, they will not only prove very product ive, but among our most lasting lands. And yet tbese hills are objected to for tbe follow ing reasons : First, they are very rocky, oft en fields of rocks. Secondly, they are rough, steep, often cations and deep ravines. Third ly, they are growing np, and are oven now quite brushy, in many places. Fourthly, gardens cannot be made successful unless in damp or irrigated places. Now, I am willing to grant tbe first, seo ond, and third objections, but to the fourth I put in a plea of demurrer. Ret me say, I know from practical experience tbat as good vegetables can be grown on our highest, roughest, rooklest, dryest hills, as were ever grown, the soli Is manured, or, better yet, sheep or cattle corralled ou the land every other year; tbat is, have two garden spots, In one you are growing your garden "truck," while to tbe other you corral your sbeop on it, plowing and harrowing In the manure ev ery month thus keeping it mellow and rich. You will say Ibis is a "heap of trouble." True. But trouble in tbo loun ot labor ' moves ibe woild," and he who will rot la bor should suffer, nml ha who will not use bit iutuliect lu adopting means to accomplish euds, not only ought to, but will, aud must, HiiflVr. I have be on asked, Why are our hills most ly red ? I answer, It is tbe oxide of iron, or pemxitle. This Is iron rust. Tbe iron initio soil coming in contact with the oxygon of the ir, produces a compouud called oxide of irou, or, more properly, peroxide, which is red. Hence lbs, red color ol our lied Dills. To be continued Pacific Coat Thoroughbred Stock Journal and Hecord. Ed. FArtMEU : Permit me lo ask the atten tion of your readers w ho htve Interacts can nected with the improvement of stock on this coast to the above named periodical. It supplies a waut that a large and Increasing class devoted to stock-growing and stock-Improvement have long felt. Especially (o those it ho have davokd lime aud uior.fy io the Oslabllslitucnt of studs, herds, or flocks of thoroughbred animals of any Itlud, does this new enterprise commend itself as tbe receptacle of tbe history of stock growiug and stock-Improvement, and place of de posit of pedigrees of stock, as foundations for Improvement of studs, herds, or flocks yet to be established. . Tbe interests represented by such a paper as tbe "Stock Journal and Record " alit-sriy hate a firm foothold on this coast, and are bound to multiply until all tbe country from Panama to Alatka west of the Rocky Mountains Is supplied, each district with ibe particular kind of ttock best calculated for profitable care. As one having acoinmou Interest with many others in the eslablUbtueut of such a journal, wish it abundant success. J. Miirro. Wants to Know. Mayfikld. Cuyahooa Co . Ohio, 1 Nov. 21, 1876. J Editor WiUaaseUe Farmer : Will yon have the kindness to publish la yonr oolnmns tbe post-office sddme of F. A. Deahield, James Bendarahotl, and Samuel Coot all formerly front Iowa. I wish to know tbeir post-otto address, aa I want to write to tbsm for Infor mation about Onttoa. I once knew them all I want to crme ouc tbfre, and desire lo learn wneru tney me. l am reader or your val uable paper. W. A. Tikbp. We publish tbe abava-to (.hat the parlies named can answer lt.J Supplement with the OREGON, DECEMBER Protection of Sheep. Ed. Farmer; This terrible weather makea the shepherd think seriously what he can do for his sho6p besides giving them the ordina ry feed and the shelter of sheds at night. With the pasturage as good as it is now, It seems a pity to turn sheep out of warm dry sheds in the almost continuous rains we have been having of late, and yet it i a lots and Inconvenience to keep tbem np. With high-bred, open-wooled sheep, the shock must be very great to go from the sheds into the cold rains, and it seems to me quite prob able that it is owing to tbat cause so many of them are affected with rnnnlng at the nosp, fco. With tbem, the cold reaches tbe skin where the long wool generally parts along the back, especially of lambs and young sheep, much sooner than it penetrates the thick oily floece of tbe Merino. But let a flock of Merino tegs be exposed to these "Hcavr, dark, con tit rod. a' day rains," and they come np at night a rather forlorn looking lot of animals. In casting about how to get the benefit of the lender green grass we now have for my sheep, and yet not have tbem loaded down with' water by exposure in getting it, I have come to the conclusion to try what the English and Scotch' call "brattsi1' that' is covers made of oloth. In Britain they use two kinds wool and'flax. It is claimed that woolen oloth made of Inferior carpet wool will last five years at a cost of six pence cash, of flax last ing two years lor SJipencw 7 to to 12 cents. I have just bad fifty made of stroDg white cotton drilling, at 10 cents each. They are fixed on by a broad strap of cloth across the undersideof the neck, and fastened down to the back by strings (I made them of cloth too) tied across tbe brisket behind tbe shoul der, another across the belly before the hind legs, und one behind tbe hind legs. A pleca ot cloth SO by 30 inobes will make a good cover for a medium sized Merino. Thoy are a great protection, even with the cloth alone, and I have no doubt tbat If prepared by dip ping in tar, linseed oil, or melted india-rubber, to make thum waterproof, they would last longer And be still more effective. British flock-owners claim that In addition to suviug the Jives of many sheep from th ellec's of inclemopt leather, they add great ly to the value of tbo flroce, by both WMgnt and quuiiiy, the natural oil to preserved kfcepiug the wool souud aud sut'!l". J. Minto. Holes from Waldo Hills. BKvk Olen, Dec. 18, 1875, Editob Faiimkh: Timet are rather lively in tbo lulls this winter, there It quite an amount of new land being cleaned up, and plowed ready for tbe spring sowing; in fact, land owners wu to accept the situation that slock raising is played out and have gone lo farming In barnest. This vicinity has re ceived quite an addition from Canada of sev eral nutorprUIng well-to-do farmers, aud more coming. The old (own of Sublimity Is taken by the Dutch of lh right sort, wheth er from Holland I know not, but Just the kind to build np business. Tbe Rock Point Farmers' Clnb will meet on the second Saturday in January at one o'clock, for the election "If officers, and a de bate OU the prcposiiloii; Resolved, That frult-raUlng is inoro profitable than grain ralelug. There are several p'.autlng new orchards. Tbe plum, prune, und Ute beeping apples, aro the varieties. While on tbe prune I will sly, in my op'n'on, that the tree will not be very lasting in Oregon. It will paytopla-it tbo hardy primes, but I think from my ex perience the tree will no, hint very long, at least on tbe open ground. Tbii thing ot sheltered situations I will lake np some fn turo time. O. W. Hum1. Good Banch Tor Sale. Wo call attention to tho notico pub lished elsewhere of a good ranch for aalo Jn Eastern Oregon, with the assur ance that we have reason to believe tho property very valuable and worth attention from any one desiring to lo cate there In the stock buslneaa. Cirnmey tad Ceia. GreenbackBjareadvanclng,a3 Into din patches quote gold in New York at 1.121, which is lower than for several months. Portland quotations of cur rency are 87 buying, 83 selling, which li ono per cent, lower than San Francisco, Farmer this Week 31, 1875. GRANGE ELECTIONS. Oakland Grange No. 86., P. of (1., elected tbe following officers for, tbe coming year: I. F. Rice, M; H, Davis, O; W. R. Smith, L; A. Canutt, C; P.Thlele, 8; H. L. Marsh, A. S; J. L. McKlnney, T; Wm. Thiol. Seo ; I. F. Rloe, Jun. G. K.) Mrs. M. L. Rice, Ceres; Mrs. S. MoKlnney, Pomona; Mrs. J. Thiele, Flora; Miss J. Reed, L. A. 8. Lklawd, Or , Deo. 20, 1875. At our Orange election last .Saturday tbe following ofBours were elected: Joseph Pol lock, M; B. F. Sloan, O; Wm. N. Pollock, L; L. F. Allen, 8; A. Burrougb, A. 8; J. L Wilder, U; J. Burrough, T; D. H. Sexton, Sec; J. Nlday, Q. K.; Laura Daniels, O; Car oline Soxton, P; Ferlnda Bu rough, F; Mrs. Pressley, L. A. S. J. T. Scappooae Orange No. Hi, held their annu al election on the 11th of Dao. 1S7S, when the following officers were elected for the ensu ing year: M. Pomeroy, M.'j Orln Johnson, O ; T. H. Watts, L.; E. S. Gore, S.j John Mc Kay, 0.; W. W. West, T.; John 0. Ball, 8.; Robt. Rowland, A. 8.; W. W. Marr, O. K ; Mrs. Mary Marr, 0.; Mrs. Susan R. Clonlger, P.; Miss Sarah! Johnson, F.j Mrs. Laura Tre deau, L. A.8. ,RockJPolnt .Orange, on Deo, 17th, elected the following officers for the ensuing year: O. W. Hunt, Master; Wm. Smith, Overseer; Jaa. Taylor, Leoturer; Edwin Downing, Steward; W. W.Brooks, Chaplain; W. J. Pat ton, Treasurer; Jas. Altken, Secretary; Ab ner Lewis, Assistant Steward; Andrew Stan, ton, Gate Keeper; Mrs. John Downing, Ce res; Mrs. W. W. Brooks, Pomona; Mrs. Ma ry Howd, Flora; Mrs. Caroline Parker, Ltdy Assistant Steward. Moved to have a public installation on the third Saturday in January next, at ten o'clock. Buttevuxe Grange No. 74 The annual election In Butteville Grange was held two weeks ago and resulted as follows: P. F. Caetleman, Master; F. X. Matbleu, Overseer; J. W. Grim, Lecturer; J. D. Crawford, Seore- try; J. O. Buchanan, Treae; , Steward; J. W. Batoheller, Chaplain; D. 0. Reese, Asst. Steward; Miss Ellen Eberhard, Miss Castle m'.n, Mrs. Wallace Graham, and Miss Ella Gear, were elected to oIBcm, but our Inform, antonnld not properly locate tbem, Ofllcors of Warner Grann, No. 117 elect ed Dao. J5th, 1875, Arthur Warner, Master; John Brush, Overseer; W. U. Latourotte, LHUlurer; J. H. Thayer, Steward; W. G. Lonj:, Assistant Steward; W. II, Fancher, Chaplain; L. D. C. Litouretto, Trtnsuror; J. T. Apperson, S.crelary; Alfred Ilowland, Gate Keipsr ; Miss Clara Vinson, Ceres; Mrs. Martha Howell, Pomona; Mrs. Strati Fancher, Flora; "Miss Jenny Vinson, Ltdy Assistant Steward. Turner, Dec. 23, 1875. Mr. Editor: The following are the olfi csrs elect of Turner Grange, for 1878. L. Jf. Uerren, M.; W. O. Porter, O.; j". P, Cole, L.; J. W. Slnlf, C; A. Baltead,Sec ; D. Bob bin i,8; Jas. Wi'zel, A. S.; Wm.Sleole, 0. K,; Mrs. Mary Cole, Treai.; Mrs. J. M. Kltmoy, C j Mis. M. E. Misslor, P.; Mrs. M. E. Porter, F-; Miss Mattle Gibson, L. A. 8. Your, W. M. Iln.LEAnv. WiLnuit, Dae 27, 1875. Et. Faumku: At a uihstlugof Wilbur Orange No. 1 H, P. of U., Deo. 18, 1875, the following olllcoro were elected for the en suing year: G. W. Urubbe, M; J. Strange, O; N. T. Grubbs, L; W. P. Grubbe, 8; H. Pioks)on, A. 8; Mrs. E. T. Grubbe. C.j J. O. Booth, T.j J. A Frazlur, Una ; E. T. Grubbe. G. IC; Mrs. Dodge, C; Marietta Strangr, P.; .Mrs Booth, F.i Miss Bt.IIo D dge, U. A. S. G, W, Gkubuk, Sue. The folio vine election of grange officers at Union, Union county, Is rent us by Mr, Joun Creightou: John Dibblns, M ; John I'rughton, O ; A.,K. Eaten, L ; C. F. Blukes. le, 8.; John Puriy, Ats't 8 ; A. Miller, C; D. Hilts, T.; Jamea ilenderahott, Seo ; John McLean, O, K.j Mrs.tLewi, Cersa; Mrs. Huttuiao, Pomona; Miss Morrison, Flora; Mrs. Ames, L. A. 8. Wnowo Datbi GivnN-In tbe notice publish ed by Mr. Minto last weak or masting of tbe Salem Grange to lustsl officers, tbe date given should have bean January 1st and not Jan- nary 16tb as wsa printed. Members are requested to take note tbat Installation In list grange will take place Saturday of this week. Hon. A J Duiur baa ujioumd A, H.Hale, Deputy Mitiur P. of li. lor Ciatsuu touluy. aa chairman of Huuiiiiieii loamumii procur ing and loiuaiding to bim lu i'urllaud such specimen of timbnr and ornament! woods as ntsy be dvtmsd crtdlub'o to the State. Volume VII. Number 46. STATBHBW8. The prinolptl business man of Sliver City, Idaho, have agreed to 'close tbeir plaoes on Sunday's after January 1st. This New Year swearing off is becoming stale. A girl with three arms has just been mar ried in New Mexico. Heaven help the bus band if they ever indulge in domestlo hair matinees. ' ' ' Captain Nathan Stevens has lately shown the Democrat specimen of silver ore which he states was recently discovered by him in Benton oountv. The specimen isvervrlort In metal, whhh tbe Captain says is 60 per cent, silver, 40 per cent. lead and 10 per cent, of other metal. Last Friday while Walter Pomeroy was leading his horse and traveling through tho brush near tbe Union school house, bis coat in some way caught and pulled up the ham mer of his guru and discharged it. the ball entering his horse's breast and killing it in stantly. Mrs. Lnoy Stewart of Silver City started for New Zsalaud last w eek. She will engage In missionary work. There la a grandmother in Pendleton who is only 32 years old. Tbe iSfenfineC has reseived from Msrgnnsv Lake county, news or the suicide or Henry White. The population of Umatilla county is 4,424. That of Union oou my 3,450. Union county raised 281,175 bushels of grain, while Umatilla county ralsml 2(,471 bushels; which 'gives UiriatlllA"070 indre 'population than Union and 13,701 loss bushels of grain tbsn Union, On Wednesday of lsut week, Tbo. Benson, living near the Twelve-mile house, on the road from Pendleton to Umatilla, mnt with a terrible accident. While nut hunting, the gun be was using burs' ed, and lacera'ed the loft hand terribly, cutting nff entirely the second, third, aud fourth fingers. There Is plenty of pond Melphlngln North ern Idaho, A good deal of the ore hauling la now done on sleds. Tiioon, Arlanna, Is building np rapidly. Among other structures rnmully erected is a school-house, oosting 10,000. The Jacksonville Sentinel rays: " A large number of immigrants have lately arrived in this section, and, notwithstanding tbe had weather, some are still coining. lu nvtjiyln stanodH, those arriving are poor and of large families one couple who namn to Ashland a short time ago hrvlng 14 child tho. Tbe Lmn county Cnnnoll, P. ai H., cn1--vtned hi regular monthly snslon on the 7th Inst, iu Patrons' Hull, Tuiiirent Tbo morn ing session uas mainly occupied with reports from Mibordina'H granges on the proot of o-miblisMnir in this State sninewhnrti a Firm er' or Patrons' Rmk, VV lih rrtt niiHiilml ty tbe expression was lu fsvor of suoh a movement. Too f -Mowing named hrotbors wnre chosen, vir: Dr G F, Crawford, prtsl dui; It. A. Irviuo, vlcti pruiHmit; V, Pike, otreiary;G. Pitrnsh, treasurer; aud Thoiu-a- Froiuaii, Gate Keeper. Rock Point, Phi. 28 The Orsvn Crnth llnixl und lelrgrapn utlloj. otvvnl by Sam'l Hhi knu-iM. caught tire l on 0 o'clock lt night, aud m'ii burned to tlm ground. Tho I'uriilture aud nearly all tbo family clothing Mere couoiiuied. TbeMorm d.nimanced Sunday night ami linso'intiijueil ralulnu mull inw. t-Woiook lifts bsen Impassable stout Moridiy morning, It'-giie river is higher than It ha beon be turj lu 11 vo ears punt, Tbe road r lo a ttirlblo condlttuu. No stago frvtu the uorth to-day. The Holidays at Buttevills. From Mr. Job a Batchollor we learn tlot Christmas passed oil pleasantly at Butteyllle with a Christmas tree bo'ooglng to the citi zens geuerally which was loadwi do vn with gifts in ibe Grangers Hall. An Amateur comptny played a farce, '' Cool as a Cucurr-- ber," which gave a great deal of amusement. The singing class of Mr. J. J. Blevens gave some oxcullent music, supported by two or ganv; Santa Claus appeared lu person (well gotten up) and addressed tbe children and fjlks. Two larb-o trees were loaded with presents und there was about a wagon load or thltigi that could not bo on the tttes. Thero was au impromptu danca afterwards. The masous had fn Installation, supper and dvico ou Mo.iday and tho Grangers will hive an Installation aud good tune on Janu ary 1, next Saturday. Weather at Canyon City. Mr, D, B. RInuliart, of Canyon City, Graut oeunty, writes us, as follows, of date Dec. 18: "From tbe first of this month to tbe pres ent time the weather has been mild sua de lightful, more like spring than winter. No snow on lb ground; stock doing well," Tbat is the state or tbe winter In the Bine Mountain region of Eastern Oregon, where tbe winters are frequently severe, and prob ably represents tbo condition of tbo season In all tbe Interior. SUCCKSSKUL NUKSEUVMAN, Mr, 'J 01 V. Hunt, of the Wsldo Hills, has long been a successful nurserymau and orobardlst. Ill-, t x.-Hirlciooo a lrtilt-growor is valuable, and will b furnished to tbepubllo through the columns of the Fabmkb. . & 4 t .?; , i' v4 . jM & & W f 'i t. t. I ;4-! u V f i WI HI M W j WlJr 'M li A'