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$3.00 per Year, in Advance,
For the Willamette Fanner.1
CLASSIFICATION OF GEAPE3.
BY A. F. DAVIDSON.
Concluded
The Villa -12 itlvaliB, or summer grope
The young leaves are downy, 'with loose,
cobwebby hairs beneath, smoothlsh when
old, green above, fertile panicles compound,
long and (lender; berries small (one third to
one-fourth or an Inch In diameter), black,
with a bloom, Grows in thickets and groves,
climbing high. Flowers In May and June.
Berries pleasant; ripe in October. It is a
misnomer to call a grape which ripens so
late us October, a summer grape. A sum
mer grape should ripen In July or August.
Botanists hare, however, given this species
this name Vitls .iEitlvalls; or, In English,
vltis, grape, anil, warmer summer, and
vails, valley hence, vitls aestivalis is grape
of the summer valley. It Indeed requires
the warm summers of the valley to ripen It.
jfome of its varieties will not ripen even
cere. The Herbemont, a representative of
this species, will not rlpan well In the Wil
lamette valley. There are others of this
aperies which grow and ripen well here, as
CyntblatJa. Norton, Pauline, Eumelan, Els
Inburg. These 1 know do well, for I have
grown, acd am now growing them, and,
with me, they do finely. The Notion and
the Cyntblana are only wine grapes; the Eu
melan and Elsinbuigare early table grapes,
and also good wine grapes.
This species is phylloxera-proof. Why?
Bscause the roots are tough, wiry, and run
deep In thn ground, defying all attacks of the
phylloxera. Here, then, we have a fine spe
cies of grape upon which wnmti rely. See,
then, the importance of classifying grapes,
of knowing which is which, of knowing that
the JE nivalis speoies is healthy, free from
rot, mildew, and other diseases peculiar to
the Labrusca; free, hIso, from the ravages of
those scourges whloh destroy the Vinifera or
Europeen wire grape, the gall-louse and the
root louse. But, by classification, we And
another tipecleu, though Us leaves are n hab
itation of, and Us roots are slightly affected
by, the phylloxera, yet, owing to its vigor,
they cannot injure to any extent, much less
kill It. And this gmpe is the Vitls Rlparia,
or riverside grape. This is also known in
the Northern States as Vitis Coidifolla, or
frost grape. Cord I lb) la means, cor, heart,
ud folia, leaf, heart-shaped leaf; in full, 1m
vitls cordifolia; or the grape of heart-shaped
leaves. Here U thn botanical description
Leaves Ibln, not shining, heart-shaped, acu
minate, sharply and and coarsely toothed,
often obscurely tbree-lobed; panicles com
pound, large, and loose; berries small, blue,
or black, with bloom, and sour until afer
frcst. This species promises to be splendid
for wine, and some of the varieties are supe
rior table grapes.
We Ilins see that, while tbe Labruca, the
tsorthern form, as Concord, Perkins, Marlba,
the new grape, Lady, llentz, Hartford Pro
llflo, Ac, are more or less hardy, fruitful.
od generally healthy, they are yet not, in
the full sense of tlm term, phlloxera-proof,
andarolieble to mildew and to'; and, while
tbe southern form, ah Isabella, Catawba.
Ions, Israelis, Cassady, Maxatawnv, Ao.,
are tender, with small, delicate roots, hut
superior fruit, and wholly Incapable of ie
sitting the attacks r.f the phylloxera, and,
while we Me that the Vinifera (toielgp) Is
already showing, here, mildew, with other
disease, and that this noblest of oil specie,
for both Utile and wine, is utterly Incapable
o! resitting the phylloxera, we nevertheless
do sen we have at least three apeclen which
are healthy, vigorous, of good fruit, and
phylloxera proof.
To Ibis point, then, cbwifl-ntlon has
brought us. The South can rely fully on the
Vulplns, while tbe Eastern, Middle, North
ern, and Western, witb tbe Pacific States,
en rely on tbe Rl purls. A large portion of
tbe Middle, Southern, So nth western, and the
Pacific States, can rely on another, the -Eitl
Talis.
We, of tbe Pacific slope, are peculiarly
Tored. Free from disease, our soil and
Climate an favorable to tbe healthy growth
f mora specie and varieties of grapes' than
ayoiherportloa of North America, abould
4he Labratoa fall, abonld the Vluifera fall,
tilt we cm grow, to perfection, the Rlpatla
and tbe JEaivaiis. And, by Improving
these, by raising newaud superior seedlings
mm these, we can, if prudent and energetic
in time, produce the finest American grspes,
and the finest Auieiicau wino tho woild has
ever seen.
With a counlry pr?nd In all its features;
Jtabedby tie gnicdcit of occno Heed, en
A Four-Pago
SALEM,
the oast and tbe west by the grandest of
mountains; laved, on the west, by one of the
grandest of rivers; with immeasurable lor
est, dark and darkly beautiful ; with level
prairies, hill, and dale, and a climate un
equaled from our great thermal current we
haVfc four months of rain, surcharged witb
ammonia and carbonic acid from the tropics;
rour months tho moisture is descending, six
it is ascending, two In equilibrium though
we may have four months' drouth, yet our
crops never fall we bavo a soil, the debris
of ages of convulsions, of ice, of snows, and
of storms glacial and glaclo-aqueous action
poured down our soil in hills, bultes, and
plains. Ah, it is rich I Wbat n grain-growing
land ! Rich in climato, rich in soil; rich
in grains, rich in fruits; and richer in the
happy faces of a beautiful race a race who
live in the Willamette!
In the first or this article, published last
wetk two mistakes wore made by the print
er, namoly, "Vitls Candlcarls," for Vitls Can
dicans; and in tbe 14th paragraph occurs this
sentonee : " Plants, like auimals, as they
propagate, spread out, following the lines of
least resistance, or those lines not congenial
totbeir nature " ; for not, read " most."
Correspondence from Ohio. '
EJItor Willamette Farmer:
Our political atmosphere has once more
become clear, though every one that yon
can interrogate on that point will tell yon
tint for so wet a time it was tbe hottest timo
ever experienced In this latitude, we having
in fact passed through the real essential ele
ments which wholesale politicians bad pro
grammed for the presidential canves of '70
Between our agricultural maneuvering and
our political jugglery, a few designing indi
viduals have almost demoralized Ohio. For
lustame, Delaware county, in 187-1, not satis-
lied witb ber already ample and very beauti
ful fair grounds, purchased thirty-five aores
of land from a speculator at f 300 per acre,
and all thin to have grounds upon whfoli to
construct a race-track. Of ciurse success
perched upon this side just in proportion as
they could mooted lu electing men to favor
their pt-t Institution. Iu February last, at
the agricultural election, tbe candidates were
selected with regard to their sympathies for
the horse and the bull. Money, whUky,
buer, lying, and cheating, hail full sweep.
Taurus went uuder, Bucephalus went over,
and thn lovers or tbe turf triumphed. The
running of homes was quickly lultiated as a
part of tae agricultural programme. Tbe
fourth of July was spent in bone-raolng.
The regular two-days' races came off in tba
month of September, in mud bub-deep ;
whisky and prostitutes were on tbe bill of
fare, and the pious city of Delaware looked
askance at Columbus, because tbey (Dela
ware) had horse-r&ces loo. Now the tfleut
has been aomethlng like tbls: tbe really re
spectable olasa stay away; the ronghs run
tbe fair, with boys and second-class society
fjr their attendants. Nj more Is heard the
lowing of tbe ped greed herds of S. K. Joy,
nor of Hills and Jones. But, in their stead,
I saw one representative of Taurus (t hate to
say bull), which any stout, active, energetic
man, ot well-regulated morals, could take
by the horns and by a skillful backward
movement fix as permanently iulo a beeeh
tree as doei the anchor that, trie to the la-as
of gravi atlou, f .situs tho ship to the ocean's
xatidy bottom. It was painful to hear the
ciiticisms ou thai iunou-jiit bwist, wbotoall
appearance was not contaminated by any
mixture with Bitot's herd.
The inanavers, n amped in their )at pur
chase, took every opportunity to charge, and
!)unday.acliol pinnies and pleasure parilos
were all made to pay tribute to Caar. At
length tbe Granger thought to have a coun
ty picnic, and have Grand Master Ellis de
liver an oration. Rut the representative of
tbe Order, when apprised that tbe tax wonld
be 45, Indignantly declined.
I noticed Mr. Mlnto'a paper No. 3 on sheep,
and tbe remarks on cioestDg the Merino
stock with Soutbdowns and long-wool fami
lies, and my bsrd-earned experience la that
its effects are pernicious, and that continual
ly. I know not what tba dinette difference
between here and there might be upon the
sheep thus crossed, bat here tbe naif-breeds
are of course Improved la alas, bat spoiled la
fleece, aad at two year of age look elder
tbsn a merino at eight; betides, 1 can keep
100 Merinees on tbe same pasture that is ne
cessary to sustain w tioeMr or norop-
sbires. We have been well ventilated in this
department out here, and the Merino stands
the adapted favorlto of all, and tho finer the
better.
We lm? ocmawuai eccentric JJiptlt'.
Supplement with tlio
OREGON, DECEMBER 3, 1875.
minister out here witb tie, who, for native
and acquired theological ability, beats Bercb
ororSpurgeon, and as a revivalist entirely
overshadows Moody and Nankey. The Rev.
gentleman has many friends In your State,
who will no doubt be glad to hear fiom this
youthful marvel, and If yon will give pub
licity in theFAKMEn, I will eendyon a sam
ple discourse, and It-will I bavo no doubt be
accoptablo to your many readers.
John Waters.
Leonardsbnrg, O., Nov. 8, 1875.
Tne Hood Eiver Colony.
Tin: Dallks, Nov. 221, 1875.
Ed. Famier: The cnlonUts from Pennoyl
vsnla, about ninety in number,hava arrived,
fl. S. Parkhnrsttind W. 8. Allen leaders
the former of Pennsylvania, the latter of Il
linoishave arrived. Rav. Mr, Parkhnrst
and family were detained at Omaha, Mr. P.
having a severe attaok of typhoid fever. In
regard to their geneial appearance, allow me
to pen tho corapllmeut of the upper Colum
bia river captain, to wit, that tbey were the
finest appearing lot of people that bad ever
papsed up tbe river since be bad been on tho
name, and bis title raiiks of ancient dale.
The prioclpal'portlon are from in and near
Mansfield, Penn., and some from Illinois
aud Minnesota one German t mily. We
bad comfortable quarters erected for them
on their arrival, and, notwithstanding the
stormy weather, which was unprecedented
for this place and season, euow falling some
seven inches in depth, '.and remaining a few
days at this date it is mostly gone, aud tbe
sun shining. They all, with two or three
exceptions, are delighted with tire appear
snee of things generally, especially the wo
men, (as yon are aware, they are not given
so much to fanlt-findlng as tbe men, save In
Sister D.'s presence,) almost unanimously
expressing an agreesble surprise. Wbat
most attracts tbelr attention Is our fine fruit,
most of whlob is in tbe orchard yet uninjur
ed: our tomato and bnao vines green as in
midsummer up to tbe 18tb Inst. Calling on
two professional butchers to assist in diess-
ingo three-) oir-old bullock, tbey were re
quested to guess at the weight, which was
ISO pounds an the maximum of each, when,
to tbelr astonish merit, tbe down weight was
700 pounds. " Well," said one, " to drive up
beet off the gras this season of the y ar, and
tho weight get Bway with me at that rate, I
surrender iu favor of Oregon."
The colonists are busily engaged in fitting
up, securing supplies, selecting and purchas
ing homes, with a seal that would Indicate
business in right good earnes-. Tbe individ
ual interest of tho oolony is segregated, one
oftbe principal features being to settle to
gether, thereby building up school and edu
cational interests of a high order a village
or town wttb the different mechanical bran
ches and industries, for which purpose the
Hou. E. L. Smith and tbe writer have donat
ed over fimr hundred acres of laud, river
front principally, about one half of which
goes to the colony, aud tho remainder being
in tue interest of educational purposes. Ou
the payment of twenty-five dollars and oth
er appendages, being considered favorably
entitled to inembarsbip, secures the title to
one town lot (drawn try lot), aud iurtherse
cures tlm right of franchise urrd the iirhileue
of selecting or pure asinjr as tho tiitiueap
pears In ortler ou the colony ledger. Toe
colonists contemplate building various mstt
ufaetories, for which, and together fur Irriga
ting purposes, it Is the intention to brinout
Hood river, tor which a bid has bien made
by a practical minor to construct a ditch that
will carry ten thousand Inches of water, .'or
three thousand dollars. The water in the
river is in great abtiudaoce; he distance to
dilob la about five miles. With tbe water
ditch completed, who can predict tbe pros
perous future ol tbe valley? It Is safe to say
tbat It will be tbe great fruit orchard of
North America, and with tbe Northern Pa
cific Railroad completed, and it being tbe
finest snd only sunsulne, Santa-Clara cli
mate near the city of Portland, (tbe peculiar
Wee of which dem'anti a future article), will
materially .contribute to its being aosae tlsne
a bsautllal suburban Tillage of the city of
M ui uauu. TV. r. VT ATBOIf.
Are yon right sure tbat you are so physic
ally constituted as to tie exempt from all at
lacks of Cramps, Cbo'era Morbus, Disrrbcos,
or Dysentery ? If not.lt would b prudent to
provide yourself with Dr. Javne'a tJarmlna.
atlve Balsam, a safe tnedlciua for these alfo
tions, and a sure curative forSninmor Com.
plalut, and til Diseases of the Uowfcls, lu li
ttler children or adults.
The) Grttk Journals announce, tlio dfath
or lit. Wotk, Hyrrm'ii "iiiald of Alliens."
Mho v ia. fctvvijly.&ix jtaMof Jie-
Farmer this Week.
STATS 2T2W3.
Durlng the storm of last wrek a tree blow
down and tell on a boiie on thn N'irith Fork
of Coom river, crushing it and killing two
men iustantlv; one, a 'yonng man named
Calhcan, a son Of Jndae Catctrt of Douglas
county, snd the other a vonng man named
Stemerrnan.who has been residing ou Coos
river for several years.
The La Grande Sentinel says the wind blew
so furiously In tint valley on the 18:h that
the siage hordes refused to travel aunlnst It
and the driver had to turn around and return
to the station. That evening be made the
trip utter tbe storm abated.
The Frlthlof, a schoonor in tho Coot bay
trade, lost a man overboard on ber trip up,
off Cape Meudoclno, last Thursday.
President Marsh, of Paolflo University, is
ou his way bok from the Eist Several neu
students have lately enlored. The Rev. Mr
Knight, of Salem, will deliver a course of
thirteen leotures there this wiutar ou ornl
thology.
Ed. Fleming, tho lad who shot himself ac
cidentally a rew days ago iu Washington
county, while ont shooting wild geese, Is im
proving. His right arm was badly torn, and
the bone shattered, but it may be saved all
right.
H. M. McDonald, of Forest Grove, lately
sold property he seized on a Judgment fur
$6,000, on a debt tbat had run for twenty
years.
Wm. Mannerinar. who lost thoslirht of an
eye about seven years ago, reoovered the u-e
of it in a remarkable manner last week, at
Bandnn, Coos oouuty.
The dwelling on Judge Albertson's farm,
four miles from La Grande, occupied by an
emigrant fimlly, was burned doivrt a few
days ago. Loss not ascertained .
The Cons bay New of tho 24th learns that
Daniel JSH was drownl at the mouth of
Beaver slough, last Mondtv ulxht, by the
upsetting of a snull bt in wtiioh ho was
taking some freight to the Coquillo.
L. G. Suiter, of Lifayetto, mot with a
serious accident a few days since. Bo was
running n saw at the furniture establishment
of Smllh A rv. when the saw struck n knot
and flew off. Bafore -n could stop the
rorwatd motion of bis arm the saw struck
bis hand and tore the flesh- from tbe thumb
and iudox finger.
Rev. J. F. Knowles.IoteofN.iw York, who
wbs sent, ont by tho Uooio R.iard, a-, a inin
slonitry to Fort Col villa, W. T., being unable
In consequence of tho lateness oftlie season.
to reach Ills des'liiHllnn, will fill the pulpit of
iriri i-resuyiortau cuurca in uorvallls,
iruiisirarjjy.
The nlnern of Josephine county expect n
Hui-cessiu- minion season, ss water is plenty
and liable to continue so. Those who are not
already at work are busily engaged making
preparations to get at mining as soon as pos
sible. The State Board of Piiblln Instruction bnld
a meeting at Halem Nov. 2(1: li. at which tlmn
Mrs. John Gray, woo has served a term of
years as Matron ofthe Deaf Mute School,
tendered her resignation of tbat position and
Mrs Frank Cooper was appointed to fill the
vacancy.
One day last week a family by the name of
Hall, attempted to cross Williams creek,
Josephine county, whloh at the time was
considerably swollen by tbe late storms, and
when near the middle thn wairnn npet. spill
log the whole lot into the creek and drown
ing one of the children.
J. E R'lwea. agent of theEnulisb comnanv
owning too extensive placer inlii"S at Oallos
creek, reports that digging on the ditch to
convey water rrorn ton creek will noon be
sirspended until next sumirer, when it
doubtless will he finished. Work by hy
draulics will soon commence.
Judiro Whltson. of Idaho, writes his friends
from New York I tint he Iibs lonnd dnc'ors
wuo assure lilm that tliny can oure his ills
Thnesla'eof tho late Col. Jo. I. Meek I' as
osen appraised at ro.il estate, $1,400; person
al properly, $ 1,131.
The stock ofthe nenlv-organlzod woolen
mill company, at Albany, is being libeially
subscribed.
A grando has been nrpanlzsd at Beaerlon
i-BOltsl stock JJOO, wiili power to Increase
I o ?5,000.
Hlxraltle, bMnniMng to Mr. Vn-vel.on tho
CVqulllo, were killed by'a treo falling upon
them,
Tbe Coqnlllo has been higher than for a
long timo in oonsenuenoe of the latu limw
rains.
A tree fell on a house in Btker Oltv. Coos
county, during the late storm, and crusbed
It,
Tbe mall carrier reports all the bridges
down between Jacksonville and Roseburg
ou iwo icei oi snow on tne mountains.
Hon. L. F. Lane started for Washington,
D. 0., last week.
biDoe tbe rains began the healtbfulneas of
roresi urove naa muoti improved.
A eteamboat is being built on Coos river
especially for tbe Coos river trade.
Bnlldlng improvements are going on at
Hlllaboro.
Tbe flour mills at Albany are all running
on full time.
The Hlllsboro Orange has incorporated.
Epplng Forest has at length been restored
to tbe ptibllu. Two thousand seres offsud
which had liren unclosed ami built iijhiii will
lie thrown bxek. mukini: the whole extent
eome'liln;; likHS.oUl ucres. The larga nnd
usaiitltiil inansloiis wil not bo removed, but
a snecUl ground retitexaclod of thoovUtrsto
ucon via umcus fount lu order.
Volume VII Number 42.
Wiihat. Ibo New York Produce Jit
change in its reference to tlio condition of
British wheat market says, "that tho supply
of wheat and tlour tor tho two marketa of
August aud September was SZ,3I(,408 bush
els, while the consumption was but 27,(372,000
bushels, leaving In n store a surplus for tbo
eight weeks only of 5,274,108 bushels, while
for the corresponding two months of 1S74 the
supply was about equal to tbe consumption,
or very close to 27 millions of bushels. This
surplus supply stilt keeps up. For the meeU
ending October 0, tho surplus of wheat and
Uour delivered in the market was 077.700
bushels more than tho consumption for that
week. Should tbo supplies still continue
Great Britain will commence the -year wltU
fully six months' supply of herowti growth,
aud stioh an accumulation of foreign growu
wheat in ber waiebouses as must exert a
great influence on tbe markets during tbe
uext six or olght months, aud put off till
far lutn 1870 any teudonoy to advance In pri
ces. Too free shipments during the first
half of the harvest year cannot but bring
fiaanolal disaster to tbe shlppors, says our
contemporary; and tbo large shipments of
July, August and September having given
au exoass of supply, we now bavo tho low
averages and the light margins, with tbe bal
ances generally on tho wrong side of the lei
Kor. II ion Watku. At tho present time tho
WillamoUo river ut this point Is considerably
higher than ot any time last winter and still
rising. The lloor of the Farmers' .wharf is
all under water but fortunately tbo current
makosout mom toward tho center as tbo
water rlsos and overflows tbe west lunk.
From Mr. Tbomaa Cox, deputy postal agent,
wo learn that tho river is lilgbur at Harris
tmrg thuu it ban been for six years past, and
be also informs us that the 3aiitlam Istalliu
to-day. The river rose at tills point all day
yesterday. Tho snow melting In thn moun
tains witb the warm rains Increases tho flood.
Theks. T. B. Allen, ot Salem, Is agent
for the Wood bum Niiruery, ami can bo
iouud with a lino assortment of fruit, shade,
aud ornamental trees, of all varieties, at
Martin & Allen's storo, CommercUl slrbOt.
Mr. A, llmoudbu hud a vuluable bono
run over aud killed by the railroad trulu,
last Friday, ntar Gnrvais.
Tho Verdict.
VjcroniA, Nov. 23 After threo hour's do
liber .Lion, the jury returned tiiefoll'iu'iiiu:
That the body is that of Thomas J. Farrell;
that the said Thomas J. Farrell osino to his
death by drowning; th-it tutt said Tuomas J.
Farrell was a passenger on board tlio Aumri
uan steamship Pacifin wliluti sailed trorri Vic
toria, B Cf'irSan Fraucisra, on the 4th of
November, 187A; that tho stid stoiinihlp Pa
ul Ho sunk alter a colll-lon with tho American
ship Orpheus, off Cape Flattery, on tho night
of the 4th of November. 1875; that the Paoltlc
struck the Orpheus on the starboard sldo with
her stem, a very light blow, the shock of
whloh should not have damaged the Paulfio,
If a sound and substantial vessel; that the
oilllsiun between tbe Pacific and theOrnhuus
was oausei) by thn Orpheus not keeping the
approaching Pucifit's light on the p in how,
as when first sunn; but pntliu;; nm helm
hard to starboard and iinjiis'iflilily crossing
the t'rtdifio's bow-; thai (ho wat.th, ou th
rloekof tho Pacifioat the llmsof thueolllslou,
was not sulliuierit in -uoilinr to kiwip u
proper lookout, the svd waiuh oouslstlmr
only ofthriH. nio, uaiiuilv; hum ntthi wnuwl,
one supposed to bo on tho lookout, and tho
third mate, a young m.u of doubtfiil exp
rieno. Thn I'sclfiu hal atsiut2M pur.ous on
hoard at the time of tho collision; Ilia', ttio
P-iOiIll liad II V't leiatri, wiuhh uUnroi ut
crrjiugcipacity did not exeunt ItlO pimons;
thut tlio boats wero not and nihi no( bo
lowered by thou'idl-nlpliiibdand liftiin jlont
crew; thut tho cap'alti ofthe Oiplieua sailed
away ufier I ho collision and did not rsttialu
by trie Paultiu to nsitHrtilii tbo amount of
damago she had suauuiod. .
Man Pitorosvs, Gon Disi-oskh A short
liuiH sIuoh, it will be rriuiiuibred, Us v. II.
t(. Parkliiirst, president ot a colony of Penn
sylvania Immigrants, was hero looking lor
land. A part of the colony arrived a few
eeks ago, and immediately proceeded to
Hood rlvrir, where the oolony iaods are
located. During the trip by the railroad to
California, Mr. Parkhurst was taken 111, aud
be. with bis famllv. stonned over at Ouden.
aud by the stewmshlp AJax, which reached
here Saturday night, there arrived the widow
of Rev. Mr. Parkhnrst, accompanied by
three oblldren." He died a few weeks ago at
Ogden, where he was taken sick. Mr. Park
burst waa greatly beloved by the members
oftbe oolony, and bia unexpected deatb will
prove a severe stroke to t he enterprise. Tbe
grief-stricken widow and fatlisrleae oblldren
avotbe klodast sympathies ef the commu
nity in their sore bereavement. Wo under
stand Mrs. Parkburst proposes to tukstipa
psrrnaueut resldenoe la this State. Orego
nian. Mothers, ssvh lliollvo ot your daughters
when mTeifed with coiiNiunpilvo cough or
vlnliuit iwihls, by Hiliuiiiisixriiig lu itieur,
without delay, tho Klatidiid Spodliu, Hula's
Unui-y of iiorithoundMUd'i'Hr.
X'lkti'al'outbdchuDiopicurtiluouciulauto.