Willamette farmer., November 19, 1875, Page 2, Image 2

pr ,, TV-rrnjuf il'VI1
""ri
T
rF
5
i
M
I
hi
P 1
53
The HopE Ciicli.
Sanitary Versification.
K tbe following verses are not strictly
"classical" they are certainly not "rhymes
without reason." There were originally con
tributed to PuNic lltallh, an English sanitary
journal:
There'! a skin without ind a skin within,
A coverlnit fln and a lining akin;
Bnt the skin within Is tbe akin without,
Soublad lnwsrds and carried completely throughout,
Tbe palate, the nostrils, tbe wlndplpn and throit,
Are all of them lined with tbli Inner cost.
Which through evsry part la made to eitend
Lunge, liver and bowels, from end to end,
Tbe outride skin la a msrvelous plan
For exuding the drfRSOt tbe flesh of man j
While the Inner extract from the food and the air
What la needtd the waato In hla flesh to repair.
While It goes well with the outside skin,
You may feel pretty sure all's rleht within;
For If anything puts the Inner sain out
Of order, it troubles Us skin without.
The doctor, yon know, examines your tongue
To see if your stomach or bowels are wrong;
If he feels that your hand Is hot and dry
Be Is able to tell you the reason why.
Too much brandy, whisky or gin,
Is apt to disorder the skin within;
"While if dirty or dry tbe skin without
Refuses to let the sweat come out.
ood people alll have a care of your skin,
Both that without and that within;
To the first you'll give plenty of water and soap,
To the last little else beside water, we'll hope.
But always be very particular where
Tou get your water, your food and your air;
For If these be tainted or rendered Impure,
It will have its effect on your blood, be sure.
The food which will ever for you lw the best
Is that you Ilk most and can soonest digest;
All unripe fruit and decaying flesh
Bsware of, and fish that Is not very fresh.
Your water, transparent and pure as you think it,
llad better bo filtered and boiled ero you drink it;
Unless yon know surely that nothing unsound
Can have got to It over or under the ground.
But of all tilings the most I would have you beware
Of breathing the poison of once breathed air;
"When In bed, whether out or Bt home you may be,
Always open your windows and let It go free.
With clothing and exercise keep yourself warm,
And chaiiE5mr clothes quickly If drenched lnastorm;
For a coliicaugbt by chilling the outside skin
Files at once to tho delicate lining within.
JU1 you who thus kindly take care of your sklu,
.And attend to Its wants without and within,
Need never of cholera f eol any fears,
And Jour skin may last you a hundred years.
The Nurse.
When a woman thinks ol making deliberate
choice of tho profession of a nurso, she can of
course take into careful consideration, if her char.
acter and temperament are or are not suited for
.so arduous and trying an avocation. If buo is
n person of excitable nnture, and possessed of
ibut little self control, she can bo wisely couu
.onln.i in ifivn nn tho idea of n life for which sho
is so thoroughly unlit; but no peculiarities of
character of temperament can exempt a woman
from being called upon by the plain voice of
duly, at ono time or anoiuer oi am we, 10 uno
her stand by the bodside of one dear to her
and soothe, as uesi sue may, miiuy a weary
hour of restlessness and pain. Very few, in
deed, aro the womon who escape this rule
most havo to tako upon themselves tho burden
of attendance in a sick room and perhaps
there are few subjeots upon which the gener
ality of womou aro so well intentioned, and
yet so ignorant. With the very best and kind
est meaning in the world, attention bestowed
upon a suffering person may be productive of
moro discomfort than comfort to the patient,
and eudlesH auuoyauee to the physician, just
because the zeulous, but alas! uutrained, un
disciplined volunteer does everything the wrong
way. Again, from a mistaken and unreal idea
of true delicaoy aud refinement, many women
shrink from ovor seeing or loarniug' anything
about suffering or sorrow; and so, when the in
evitable fate brings tho sight and sounds of
pain, the dreadful realities of death, oruolly
homo to them, they tiro paralyzed by terror, and
useless, nay, worse than useless to those most
dear to them. Even as I write end instances
rise before my mind of n lack of moral courage,
nn utter impossibility of self command, that
has led the mother to lleo from ttie bedside ol
her dying child, the wife to turn away from the
failiiiL' sicht that yoarns to gaze upou her face
while life yet lingers, Tho contemplation of
pain could not be rjorne uocausa tne uunu was
weakened and .enervated by a Belflsh habit of
vleldiuB to the dislike of bravely facing any
thing disagreeable,. Let all true women train
themselves to possess self control, calmness
and patient courage; let them strive to acquire
a certain amount of knowledge of the cares aud
duties of n sick room; let them not shrink from
heariuD the details of this or that form of suffer'
ing aud disease, and gladly aud readily offer
help (when they rightly aud safely oan) out
side the bounds of their own immediate home
circle. Let thorn rejoice in any luting oppor
tunitv that mav come in their way of perfect
ing themselves in this, the highest and holiest
of a woman's duties, so that when thoir own
time of trial comes they may not tall. G'Aim
hers' Journal.
Woman's Passion kii Flowers. Love of
finery has long beeu oalled the ruling passion
among women. If we credit the following
story we must believe that the possession of a
bunch ol artificial flowers will iuduce the sex to
face starvation, Amoug a group of factory
girls assembled outside of a certain cheap oook
shop during dinner hour was ouo rasgod,
scantily clothed child of about fourteen. She
stood for a long time, wistfully looking at the
window. All the others had made their pur
chases and departed, but this forlorn object
still stood there, rattling a few half pence in
her baud. Finally, with a longing look at the
precious display, she paustd for a last sniff at
the open door, aud then dashed off down the
street. The observor might naturally have
thought she was seeking'n cheaper store, and
felt sorry for her. liut the stopped at a shop
where hecoud-baud finery was for sale, entered
and in u lew moments returned witn a some
what failed but still gorgeous bunch ol arti
ficial flowers, consisting or a rose full-blown,
a poppy or two ami a fair sprinkling of wheat
with h clow of triumph on her wizeued face.
-she cast au eager glauce to tbe right aud
loft, aud spying oloae at band tbe secluded gate
way of a timber yard, darted across the road,
.and, crouching in a corner, was soon busy with
Jier battered hat ou her knees, trimming it.
A WzrE's Powmi. A good wife is to a man
wisdom, strength aud courage; a bad oue is
confusion, weakness and despair. No condition
ii hopeless to mau where the wife possesses
firmness, decl.lou aud economy. There is no
outward propriety which can counteract indo
lence, extravagance aud folly at home. No
spirit' can endure bud Influences. Man is
strong; but his heart is not adamant, lie need
a tranquil mind; ami especially if he is an lu
talliceut man, with a whole head, he ueeds its
nu5.1on.ln the conflict of life. But if at
home he finds no res', ami it there met with
bad draper, jwtlon-y and gloom, or awaited
with complaint! and ceusure, nope vanishes,
and be duke lato despair.
Frowning Faces.
Nobody want! a frowning face, bat how many
there are I So many, in fine, that the world of
adult humanity seems to be composed in the
larger measure of them. It is sad to observe
tbe tendency of men and women to assume
some type of the frowning face. In man this
tendency begins to take positive shape at about
tbe age of thirty-five, in woman about the time
of thirty. We have seen with pain the shadow
creep upon a face which had once been lit up
with buoyant cheerfulness, and of which we
entertained most sanguine expectations with
regard the permanence of its sunny, winning
tone.
Many will take the position that the corruga
ted brow and down-drawn eyelid, which are
tbe lineamental expression of the cbronlo
frown, are the results of earnest thought, ab
sorption in business, and sense of responsibility-
We grant tbe influence of long continued
cares, and duties seriously appreciated and as
faithfully performed, in giving Intensity to the
expression, but not necessarily that fretful,
worried seriousness which is the nature of the
frown. We have met men and women, rarely,
to be Bure, whose cares and anxieties were so
severe that we should have given them much
latitude for complaint and irritability, yet in
their faces tbee rested a mild, quiet, patient
cheetfulnrss which charmed on first acquain
tance. Verily, we have thought, as we looked
upon them, it is the " mdd power" which
" subdues" and blessed are they who can pre
erve their souls in patience.
People are so easily annoyed: mere trifles
have the effect of real misforlnnes upon tbe
mental conduct of most we meet. This condi
tion of the nervous system is due, of course,
to birth, first, and next, to education and asso
ciation. There are some people who are pee
vish and fretful naturally, and incurably so.
They are the wasps and the mosquitoes of hu
manity, and more to be pitied than reproached
and blamed. Censure only renders them worse,
lint the great mass of people, although a bias
to a fretting, grumbling disposition may have
been given to many by inheritance, are euscep
tible to curative measures, and may be much
improved facially and psychologically. Tbe
remedy must, however, be undertaken in earn,
est, and by the subject on his own account.
The treatment is an individual 'process almost
entirely.
There must be formed a habit of watchful
ness against indulgence in morose and gloomy
reflections, 11 one would not acquire tho un
happy expression wo are discussing. A writer
well Bays, "Scowling is a habit that steals
npon us unawares. We frown when the light
is too strong, and when it Is too weak. We tie
our brows into a knot when we are thinking, and
knit thorn even more tightly when we cannot
think. Soowling is a kind of silent
scolding. It Bbows that our souls need sweet
ening. For pity's sake, lot us take a sad-iron,
or clod-iron or smoothing tool of fiomd sort,
and btraighten these creases out of our faces
beforo tbey become indelibly engraved Upon
our visage."
Early life, as it is the time to form good hab
its, is tne time to cultivate tbe expression of
the countenance, to give it an upward, pleasant,
sunny tendenoy. No one who attempts such
face 'cultivation can fail to cultivate the moral
nature at the same time. It is impossible to
wear the smile of peace, kindness, and cordial
ity, and be revolving uncharitable thoughts at
the same time.
The basis of an expression which is hostile to
scowls and frowns, is an earnest, ever active
charity. Phrenoloyical Journal.
A Social Wrono. There are few things
more galling to n woman than the loss of social
position. If a woman goes out to a trade, takes
in sewing, sets up a shop, or does anything
else she is fitted to do, she is considered to
have fallen, and considers herself fallen in tho
social scale. Vet men may step down from
masters, become almost servants, aud still, in
a large measure, preserve their standing in so
ciety. But the moment a woman begins to
labor with her own hands for her daily bread
she also begins to descend the rounds of the
social ladder. This is the reason that women
so invariably fly to teaching and writing to gain
a subsistence. They do not undertake these
departments of work because they have any
talent or fitness for them, but because the idea
is prevalent that in following either of these
professions they do not loso caste. Is there no
way in which manual labor lor women may be
made as honorable and respectable as it is for
men?
Advantage of Leabnino a Tbadk. The ad
vice of Benjamin Franklin, to give every child
a trade by which he can earn a living, if neces
sary, comes of an experience older than bis.
In some countries this has been the law; in
others, a common custom. St. Panl, though
educated in the law at the feet of Gamaliel, also
acquiredjtho important Oriental handicraft of a
teutmaker, by which he was able to earn his
living while prosecuting his mission. It is a
good and wise thing to do. You may be able
to give your children fortunes; but "riohes
take to themselves wings." You may give
them finished educations, and they may be
gifted with genius; but they may be placed in
situations where no education and no talent
may be so available as some honest trade, by
which they can get their living and be useful to
others.
An Gnu and His Salt. "Where is your
sail, Ah Chu?" bald I. Ah Chu had invited
me to dine at his mess, to celebrate a Chinese
festival, and, barring the chopsticks and some
uauouni uisues, wuicu l ilia not venture upou,
a capital dinner it was. Ah Chu and his mess
mates weie working on a suaar nlautatian be
low New Orleans, Ah Chu passed a bottle
witn a quui ntted in tne cork. "Vinegar,"
said I. "No; here is the vinegar," said he,
passing me a bottle exactly like the first. "Me
thought you asky for suit." "Salt it was,"
said 1. "Well," Bald Ah Chu, "that is the salt
me gave you first." Aud sure enough It was;
salt dissolved in water and used in a fluid state.
"So," says Ah Chu, "table salt Is served in
China," For convenience of application, and
txaetuess with which the seasoning can be rcg-
uiateii, give us liquid salt.
Govken Youa ArPKTns. The nearest ap
proach to a brute that a man can make, is to
become a mere creature of appetite a feeder,
a toper. So loue as he is wrll fed. or well
crammed, a glutton is a stupid, harmless lump;
but deny him his provender aud he becomes a
savage. Govern the appetites, or they will be
oome tyrants, under whose boudage all that is
uonie in tne uumau cnaraoter win be crushed
out of existence. Besides, indulgence of th
appetites in time destroys health; and what is
lite without health?
Stmikd Stocking, Ladies who are in tbe
habit of wearing striped stockings a style
which appears to be fast oomiug into fashiou
should be careful about thecolorius substauce.
A case was reported in London in whioh an ex
ternal inflammation of the feet had beeu pro
duced by wearing stockings striped with orange
red. The subject was Mr. Hart Dyke, and the
dye-stuff coralline.
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
Mourning for the Dead.
A writer in a late number of the Christian
Union has some very sensible remarks on the
subject of modem funeral observances, aa in
singular contrast with the spirit and claims of
a religious faith which looks beyond this world
Intn (Via unit, and rreoenizes the fact of a
blessed immortality, and instances tbe case of
David, who, alter bis seven nays oi aoanaon
ment to the most extravagant grief for the loss
of his child, arose and "washed and anointed
himself, and changed his apparel and did
eat"
Our funeral observances, and tbe set fashion
of mourning, are, says this writer, "in as direct
contrast with the manly resignation of the
Hebrew king as they are in glaring contradic
tion to the professions we make of faith in the
present happiness and continued existence of
those dear ones taken from our Bight. If we
really believe that it is well with the child for
whom the mother's arms are aching and empty,
if we are not intoning with mere lip-service our
'blessed are the dead who die in the Lord,' why
this ostentation of crape, of bowed windows
and darkened chambers? Why do we shun the
Bunlight and avert our faces from all gladness,
and hold ourselves disloyal to tbe dead if a
smile or laugh steals upou us unawares? Either
we do not really believe that our friends are
happy, that we shall see them again, or we ore
hypocrites with this outward' paraphernalia,
this etiquette of sorrow.
"Why should we darken our houses? The
sunshine is sent to purify, to resurreot; its mis
eiob Is to stricken lives as well as to frost-bound
fields. In tbe heavy hours, weighed down with
the unnecessary gloom and circumstance of
the customary funeral lites, surely we have
need of all that can cheer, and warm, and in
spirit, us. Worn out'with watching, it may be,
depressed with the care, the suffering, with all
that has gone before, the mourning household
is the one of all others that should throw open
its casements, should gladden itself with flan ers
and the comfort that twitters through the chirp
of even tho city sparrows.
"Some people seem to think they show tend
crest memory of the dead by allowing despond
ency to develop into ill-health; they cultivate
illness and weakness as a fine art of sorrowful
remembrance. Kobust health that waits on
good appetite and accustomed exercise, that is
springy of step and full of energy, is a re
proach to them; it savors of disrespect. Could
we but Bee that the truest and tenderest way of
honoring our dear ones is to live our honest
lives right on in the usual way, adding, if pos
sible, to our work that which their tired hands
lay down I
"We pay dearly for the etiquette which would
keep us eittinz in darkneBS when a sudden im
pulse comes to hear some music, see a bright
picture, or visit a friend in whose voice and
ejeswonnd both. 'But the impulse does not
come to true mourners.' Ah, the heart beats
humanly enough beneath the heaviest veil,
Decorum teaches us to repress each impulse to
tbe light, 'if it come too soon.' Shallow, in
deed, is tbe loneliness and loss that can map
out the months into districts of dress and be
havior, and let in the sunshine and the world
hand in hand by a computed time table and
registry of days."
Dr. Oaiipenter is inclined to believe that a
purely vegetable diet, if it contains a due pro
portion of oleaginous matter, is capable of
maintaining the physical powers of the body at
their highest natural elevation, oven under ex
posure to the extreme of cold.
Constitution of the Sun. ,
Professor Balfour Stewart, in an address be
fore tho late meeting of the British Association
of Science, on this subject, said: Several new
metals havo been added to tbe list of those
previously detected in the solar atmosphere,
and it is now certain that the vapors of hydro
gen, potassium, sodium, rubidium, barium,
strontium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum,
iron, manganese, chromium, cobalt, niokel, ti
tanium, lead, copper, cadmium, zinc, uranium,
cerium, vanadium, and palladium occur in our
luminary.
If we have learned to be independent of total
eclipses as far as the lower portions of the solar
atmosphere are concerned, it must be confessed
that as yet the upper portions the outworks
of the sun can only be successfully ap
proached on these rare and precious occasions.
Thanks to the various government expeditions
despatched by ureat imtatn, by tbe united
States, and by several Continental nationB
thanks, also, to the exertionB of Lord Lindsay
and other astronomers we are in possession
of definite information regarding the solar
corona.
In the first place, we are now absolutely cer
tain that a large part of this appendage un
mistakably belongs to our luminary, and in
the next place, we know that it consists, in
part at least, of an ignited gas giving a peculiar
speotrum, which we nave not yet been able to
identify with that of any known element. The
temptation is great to associate this spectrum
with the presence of something lighter than
hydrogen, of the nature of which we are yet
totally ignorant.
A peculiar physical structure of the corona
has likewise been suspected. On the whole,
we may say that this is the least known, while
it is perhaps tbe most interesting, region of
solar researcu; most assuredly it is well worthy
oi lurtber investigation.
Economy in Furnace Heating.
A correspondent of tbe Science .-lmcriccin
writes to that journal as follows: "In an article
recently published in your paper on combus
tion, the practice of admitting air to the top of
a fire for tbe purpose of consuming the car'
bonio oxide is recommended. The theory of
course is an old one, but is it a oorrect one in
an economical point of view? In practice it is
found, I believe, that the more air you admit
to a fire, the more rapidly is tbe heat evolved
carried up the chimney. It is no use uiakiug
the tuel give out more heat if we cannot retain
that beat and ntilizo it. At tbe great factone
at Mulhouse, in Qermauy, a series of experi
ments was tried in relation to the combustion
of smoke, with a view to the saving of fuel.
The result was disappointing. When the
necessary amount of air for the perfect com
bustion o tbe smoke was admitted to tbe nres,
there was a loss of heat. The same result was
described by practical engineers in Loudon.
At Mulhouse the praclioe now is to admit as
little air as possible to the fires (one-half of tbe
amount formerly admitted) and to 'feed a
little at a time aud often,' "
The journal quoted comments on the above
as follows: '-We do not think these matters
are so definitely settled that a general rule can
be given whioh will be applicable to all cases.
We have known of a number of cases in which
it seemed to us that there was an advantage
arising from admitting air above the fire. We
do not at present reoall tbe experiments to
whioh you refer, and would be glad if yon
would send us a record, in cam it is convenient."
YotfUQ Folks' Coli)jH.
A "Turnipy" Lecture for Young Folk.
. fnnii.t, tnnrnul trnnld have the young
folks consider the turnips how they grow, and
reads them the following little homily on that
theme: "The greater number of plants feed
and grow at the same time; but there are some
of them which like to feed first and grow after
wards. For the first year, or, at an events, me
first period of their life, they gather material
for (hoir fnlnrA lifn ont of the around and out
of the air, and lay it np in a storehouse as bees
make combs. Of these stores for the most
part rounded masses tapering downwaras iun
the ground some are as good for human beings
as honeycombs are; only not so sweet. We
steal them from the plants, as we do from the
bees, and these conical, upside-down hives or
treasuries of Atreus, under the name of carrots,
turnips and radishes, have had an important
influence on human fortunes. If we do not
steal the store, next year the plant lives upon
it, raises its stem, flowers and seeds out of that
abundance, and having fulfilled its destiny,
and provided for its successor, passes away,
root and branch together. There is a pretty
example of patience for us in this; and it would
be well for young people to set themselves to
grow in a carroty or turnipy manner, and lay
up secret store, not caring to exhibit until tbe
time comes for fruitful display. But they must
not in after life imitate the spendthrift veg
etable, and blossom only in the strength of
what they learned long ago; ejse they Boon
come to contemptible end. Wise people live
like laurels and cedars, and go on mining in
the earth, while they adorn and embalm the
air."
The Exact Truth.
Two young masons were building a brick
wall the front wall of a high house. One of
them, in placing a brick, discovered that it was
a little thicker on one side than on the other.
His cou.paulon advised him to throw it out.
" It will make your wall untrue, Ben," said he.
"Pooh!" answered Ben; "what difference
will such a trifle as that make? You're too
particular."
" My mother," replied he, "taught me that
'truth is truth, and ever so little an untruth
is a lie, and a lie is no trifle."
"O," said Ben, "that's all very well; but I
am not lying, and have no intention of doing
so."
"Very true, but you make your wall tell a
lie; and I have somewhere read thit a lie in
one's work is like a lie in his character, it will
show itself sooner or later, and bring harm, if
not ruin."
"I'll risk it, in this case," answered Ben;
and he worked awav. laving more bricks, and
carrying the wall up higher, till the close of
tbe day, when tbey quit wont ana went nome.
The next morning ihey went to resume their
work, when, behold, tho lie had wrought out
the result of all lies. Tbe wall getting a little
slant from the untrue brick, had got more and
more untrue as it got higher, and at last, in the
night, bad toppled over, obliging the masons
to do all their work over attain.
Just so with ever so little an untruth in your
character; it grows more and more untrue, and
if you permit it to remain, it brings sorrow and
ruin. Tell, act and live in the exact truth
always. Selected.
Good for Evil.
A little bov came to his mamma one rainy af
ternoon, as he returned from school and said.
"Mamma, may Igo just down tbe street with a
little girl that goes to our school?"
She replied. "No my son; it rains."
He said, " Why ma, I must go."
"Well, then," said his mother, "go, if you
must."
On his return, she asked if the girl was a fa
vorite of his.
He said, "O, no; she treats me very ill,
worse than any other scholar' in the school,"
" Then why do you wish to go with her?"
He said, " You have taught me that we must
do good to them that despitefully use us; and
she had a chair to bring home, and I did not
know of any other way to do her a kindness, so I
thought I would carry it for her, and that
would be returning good for evil.
t
"Good Mousing I " Don't forget to say
"good morning 1 ' ' Say it to your parents, your
brothers and sisters, to your children, or your
fellow-workmen; and say it cbeerlnlly and with
a smile; it will do yon good, and do your friends
good. There is a kind of inspiration in every
"good morning" heartily and smilingly spoken,
that helps to make hope fresher and work
lighter. It seems, really seems, to make the
morning good, and to be a prophecy of a good
day to come after it. And if this be true of
the " good mornings," it is so also of all kind,
heartsome greetings. They cheer tbe discour
aged, rest the tired one, and, somehow, make
the wheels of life run more smoothly. Be
liberal with them,, then, and let no morning
pass, however dark and gloomy it may be, that
you will not help at least to brighten by your
smiles and cbeertui words.
A uttlk oirl readine the history of England
to her mother, coming to the statement that
Henry 11 never laughed after tbe death ol bis
sou, looked up and said, "What did he do
when he was tiokled ?"
Gendeb in the Hemp Plant. The influen'
ces which determine gender in tbe hemp
plant have lately been made the subject of
study by M. Haberlandt. Having satisfied
himself that neither the size nor the specific
nor absolute weight ot tne seeds gave au mill
cation of gander, he made a series of eiperi
ments to ascertain how far tbe factors of srowth
influenced the result. He found that neither
the amount of water afforded nor the quantity
of space allowed for the growth of tbe roots
had any perceptible influence in causing a pre
ponderant development of male or female plants ;
out mere appeared lo be sucu an innnence m
withdrawal of light and strong manuring. In
eight cases the proportion between male and
female plants was altered from 3.7 to 5.7; and
only in three pots were all tbe plants lemale.
These were plants which seemed to be beyond
the mfluenco produced, and they were greatly
delayed in their development. The author be
lieve s the relation between stroug manuring,
and perhaps shading, on the one hand, and the
lormatlon ol tbe female sowers on tbe other,
may be accepted.
Naviqatino Tobfsdoes. Denavrouse. in
France, has invented an apparatus intended to
place submarine torpedoes in position nnob.
served by the enemy. Experiments lately made
in England before the torpedo committee of
toe Admiralty, nave proved mat a man pro via. d
with this apparatus can remain under water,
without any communication with the surface,
for two hours at a time, and being guided by a
compass illuminated by a lamp, ii able to
move in all directions, or to a before determined
place. He can thus remove torpedoes placed
by the enemy, or can place them where desired.
The committee, alter a thorough examination,
have declared themselves to be perfectly sat
isfied that everything claimed tor this apparatus
oan bo accomplished with it.
Bees.
The Bee Farmers.
Three years ago Miss Emma Smith, of Oak.
land, was teaohing a kindergarten in connec
tion with the young ladies' seminary. She is
one of the women who do with their might
what their hands find to do. Her " kinder ",
loved her and missed her when the Oakland
fogs gave her a cough, and the congh made it
necessary to go to the southern country.
At that time Miss Josie Lindley, the first
young lady who entered the university, had al
most completed the prescribed course, when
circumstances took her to Los Angeles also.
The ladles were friends, both seeking outdoor
employment for health's sake, and they de
cided to go into partnership in the bee busi
ness. They had no capital end they set to work
to earn it. Both were excellent teachers
and commanded the highest salaries. They
saved all their money, got possession of some
bee pastures, took all the time they could -get
to study bee literature, and finally one of them
got a leave of absence long enough to take a
special course and graduate in Harbison's bee
college. They kept on teaching till they got
money enough to buy two hundred stands of
bees. They then bade good bye to school and
took possession of their bee farm. Their ac
commodations were not palatial, but they
answered the purpose, and I will wager any
thing I have in tbe world that no weary trav
eler passing tbe Hmitb-iiinaiey rancneria wouia
say that the inmates were " keeping bach."
T.iiHt week the senior tmrtner came UD by
steamer with the first 2,500 pounds of white
sage honey. She has another 1,UUU pounds
coming. She touna tne noney maricet de
pressed on account oi tne nnanciai collapse,
and put it in store till things look brighter.
I have no business to be telling this story,
but I think it ought to be told for the encour
agement of girls tired to death of sewing and
teaching. And I think it ought to be told to
prove that one student of the university has
taken to agricultural pursuits. An.l I think
every pound of that honey should be sold to
the good housekeepers of San Francisco at
prices which will pay the producers fairly for
their creditable undertaking.
Miss Smith is taking advantage of her leisure
to collect information about the honey secreting
plants. She sowed all the mignonette Beed
sue could get last year, and now intends put
ting in a crop of two acres. Think how sweet a
two acre field of mignonette would be in the
early morning 1 ThiB is a very good honey fur
nishing plant; it sends down deep roots, will
grow without water, and self-sows abundantly,
producing year after year. But one of the
richest honey flowers is the sweet aliyssum. It
is long in bloom, self-sows well, and a single
head will load three or four bees. Both al
lystum and mignonette would be improved by
cutting with a light soythe when the flowers are
a little past their prime; new flower shoots will
then push from tberdots.
There Are about fifteen species of cruciferous
plants, (pepper grasses, cresses, mustards, and
the like, which yield honey in abundance.
There are probably seventy-five species of Le
guniinosai, or pea-like plants, including clovers,
lupins, vetches, peas, beans, alfalfa, etc. Sweet
clover is excellent bee food, so is the white
sage, or any sage.
borne plants, like the dogbanes, having
poisonous qualities, are rich in pure nectar, and
the milkweeds are fairly loaded with it. The
mint family has its honey stores.
Oue trouble that the bee farmer cannot over
come, is the necessity of pasturing the stock
of one's neighbors. All bee keepers should be
Grangers, therefore disposed to equity and jus
tice. A certain proportion of honey plants
should be grown for a definite number of hives,
tbe wild plants being common paBture. This
will doubtless come with tbe increase of lady
bee culturists.
It is refreshing to hear tbe particulars of our
young friends' enterprise; they do everything
themselves, even to the making of the hives
and boxes. They get up early, as farmers should,
and are busy as bees all day with the care of
their winged flocks, their cooking and house
keeping. Eugenie in her imperial pnrples em
broidered with golden bees, was not half as
proud as those girls are of their independence.
They will grow rich, build a pleasant home over
looking tbe City of the Angels, 'and one of
these days they can afford to keep their politi
cal representatives. We bespeak for them a
flowery kingdom, and the success whioh they
deserve. Jeanne C, Carr in Rural Press.
How to Introduce Queen Bees.
Have a new queen at hand, also two empty
hives, B and C; the latter should be nicely
cleaned. Now open A and find the queen you
wish to supersede. This done, the work is
soon over, I look over the frames, guess where
she is, and lift that frame out first When
satisfied she is not on it, place it in B, and try
another. If not found on this, the chances are,
if she is a black queen, that you will have to
search tbe corners of the hive, for they are
Bhyer than the Italians. Tbe queen dispatched,
remove A and place C near where that of A
stood. Now replace tbe combs in 0, first
shaking off the old bees. The young ones will -do
no harm, and in order to confuse the bees
still more, I change the positions of the frames
where the combs will admit of it. These all in
place, cover with the quilt; now roll Up a
corner at the back end, and slip her majesty
in, roll back and put on the cover. Place a
hiving board in front; put the two hives (if
there are bees in both) at the foot of this on
their Bides, and let the bees enter A gradually,
like a natural swarm, thus introdncing them to
the queen, who by this time is less confused
and teeliug more at home than themselves.
The bees all in, the hive should be turned so
as to occupy the exact position that 4 did. No
bees will be lost, and my experience has proven
to be that all will be well. The regular order
of business is resumed at once, the same as if
no ohange had occurred.
Perhaps I ought to have said, that I usually
have at hand some Bweeteued water scented
with peppermint, and sprinkle the combs
slightly before putting on the quilt, and also
the bees, before allowing them to enter, though
I have occasionally omitted this precaution,
and observed no difference in the result. E.
K. 0,, in Am. Bet JournnL
Hyonoscorio Papkb. The Journal of the
Franklin Institute gives a mode of preparing a
useful hygros?oplo paper, by Percy Smith. A
bibulous paper is impregnated with a concen
trated solution of chloride of cobalt. It is very
sensitive lo atmospherio variations, being blue
in a dry atmosphere, changing to red when the
air becomes Lumld. Four observations a day,
made for a year, with every precaution, prove
that thii paper may be employed to indicate
readily and precisely the bygrorretio state of
the air.
if.
.
' 4