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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1875)
WILLAMETTE FARMER, Useful IfipoupmjiOri. The Action of Ammonia on Varnish. Every one knows that oils, when brought in contact with alkalies, aie mora or less readily converted into soaps soluble in water. Among the most easily saponified oils is linseed which, when shaken up with a solntion of potash soda, or ammonia, nnites with the alkali, form ing a thiok emalsion of soft soap. It is also a familiar fact that ammonia is a gas always present in the air, especially wherever or ganio decay is going on, as in barnyards and stabler. If a varnished carriage is exposed to this gaseous ammonia arising from manure heaps or decaying vegetable matter, the alkali combines with the oil of the varnish, forming an almost imperceptible film of soap. When the vehtole is washed, this is dissolved and re moved, leaving a fresh surface to be again acted npon by the ammonia. The oil being thus gradually removed, the varnish becomes brittle and more liable to crack. It is found that this cracking is most common on the upper surfaoes and projecting parts of the car nage; probably, as an accomplished chemist who has looked into the matter suggests, be cause these parts "are most subjected to tne influence of the ammonia, by the falling on them ofparticles of dust impregnated with the gas." The obvious "moral" is, that varnished carriages should not be kept in a stable, or in a building where vegetables liable to decay ate stored. A friend has told us of a case in which the varnish on the back part of a carriage was found to be badly damaged, while on the other portions it was comparatively uninjured. This waa a mystery until it was observed that some potatoes, in a barrel standing in the rear of the vehicle, were decaying. The mischief was donbtless caused by the ammonia evolved from this source. It is no uncommon thing for farmers to keep vegetables in tneir carriage house, but it will be seen that the varnish may suffer for it, if the vegetables happen to decay. In any place where elegant carriages are kept, nothiug should be allowed that oan possibly give rise to ammoniacal vapors. Boston Jour nal of Chemistry. To Kalsomine a Wall. Buy the best bleached glne if the walls are to be white or some light tint, (if dark, it is im material, so the glue Is clean,) and use it in the proportion of a quarter of a pound of glue to eight pounds of whiting. Soak the glue over night ; in the morning ponr off the water, as the glue simply swells while soaking. Add fresh water, put it in a tin pail, and set that in a kettle of coiling water. When dissolved, stir into it the whiting, adding enough water to make it, after mixing, of the same consistence as common whitewash. It may be tinted to any color desired, and Is applied with a white wash brush. K the color ib rubbed smooth in a little water, and then mixed with the wash, it will be more even. If the walls have been previously whitewashed, scrape away all that will come off, and wash with a solution of white vitriol, two ounces, in a pail of water. The vitriol will be decomposed, forming zino white and plaster-of-paris, to which the kalso mining easily adheres. It is important to dis solve the glue in a hot water bath ; for if scorched by too great heat its tenacity is im paired or destroyed. Whiting is simply chalk treed from impurities and reduced to a fine powder. There is great difference in whitewash brushes, and the beauty of the work, as well as the ease of -performing it, depends very much on a good brush,, making' it well worth while to pay the difference between a good one and a oheap one. For the inexperienced it is more difficult to lay on tints evenly than pure white. Maryland Farmer. To Preserve Ibon fbom Bust. The follow ing composition is said to preserve iron from rust.and also to be applicable to other materials, such as stone or wood, used in conjunction with iron or other metal, in the formation of reservoirs or other works: Virgin wax, 100 parts; Gallipoli, 125; Norwegian pitch, 200; grease, 100; bitumen of Judea, 100; gutta percha, 235; red lead, 120; and white lead, 20; all of which, says the inventor, have their special value. The materials are mixed in a boiler in the order ia which they are given, the gutta-percha being cut up in small peioes, or rasped. The mixture must be well stirred at each addition, 'and, when homeogeneous. is poured into moulds, and. looks like chocolate. When used for preserving iron from rust it is melted and laid on with a bru-h; but for stopping holes, etc., it must be in a pitsty state. It may also be used as a glue to fix a peice of metal ever la hole. For certain purposes, uch as stopping holes in large vertical metal mrlaces, composition is slightly varied, the Gallipoli be ing reduced to 115, the bitumen to 90, and the red lead to 100, while 40 parts of gum copal are added next to the gutta-percha. Cans Fiber Felt. An article of origirjn manufacture"calle'd cane fiber felt, is made.by a Virginia company. It is the only felt made from cane in the world. It is used as u lining under tin, Blate'and shingle roofs, and for deaf ening floors; it also, forms a cheap carpet lin ing, and isasutatitute for plaster;in fact serves any nse for which felt can be employed in buildings. It is a non-conductor of heat and cold, and impervious to water or moibture. This felt is plain or resin sized, the latter as well as the former being inodorous. It is cheap, durable and free from objections that characterize other felts. Cheap Pbocess fob 13r.oNzn.-a Abtici.es Made of Ibon Wise. Clean the wire perfeotly, and then immerse it in a solution of sulphate'of copper until covered with a coating of metallic copper. Then w ash and Immerse the article in the following solution : verdigris, t o ounces; -salammoniac,' one ounce; vinegar, one pint; diluted with water until it tastes only slightly metallic, and then boiled for a.few minuUs and filtered. The ai tides aresteeped in tbia liquor, at the boiling point, nntil,tbe desired effect is produced; but do not keep them in too long, .When taken out wash carefully in hot water and dry. - . . .. -n Old engfaWgst'wBo'd culsof' printed mat tof that have turntdyeUoir,ray be rendered wbKebyfirn washing carefully m water con taining a little hyposulphite qf, soda and then dipping fee? -aainotejn JavelW-water. To prepare the latter.put Jour pounds bicarbon ate of soda in a kettle over a Ore: add one gal rof$r4Uti wrtejrf U CM J0 & minutes. Then stir in one pound of pulverized chloride of lime.When cold," the liquid can be keptioaJugieadT,forp.e: ,, ' w L" To'KmiviC FBioctra.-7-A aimpie remedy, 'for removing freckles is a pintotiiaoux milk- and small quantity of horsa-raddish. Let the mis torestand oven Bight, and use it aa a wash three timts a day until the freckles' disappear. Petboucem oocstantly.applied to the cutting tools will enable the cutting of the hardest al- worked by leeplDgMhrfcnlter moistened villi a. mixture of petroleum and turpentine. " Qood HbV-TH- The Active Element of Cod Liver Oil. Why does cod liver oil produoe better results than any other oil? One of the earliest answers given to this question was, because it contains iodine; but tne amount of iodine contained therein is exceedingly small, and no greater than that found in salt water fish and oysters. The statements as to the presence of biliary matters rest on imperfect and somewhat an tiquated chemistry, but may perhaps after all be not without weight. Nanmann showed that fish liver oil passed through membranes with greater facility than any other fat oil; and that liver oil, deprived as far as possible of its biliary matter?, lost much of this property and behaved like other oils. Bucbheiui finds in cod liver oil a consider able proportion of free fatty acids, which ren der more rapid and thorough the saponification ana sosorpuoii oi iuo on oy ins Biaaiine nuias of the duodenum. What the nrecise nroDortion between free fatty acids and the glyoerides may oe wnicn is most lavoraoie to tneir digestion, is a point yet to be determined. It does not follow that it is the same as that existing in cod liver oil. He therefore, hopes, since stearic ana paimitio acids are solid at ordinary tem peratures, that some means may be found for manufacturing in abundance pure oleic acid, which may either be used alone or added to cod liver oil, and replace the partially decom posed oleio acid to which the disagreeable odor and taste of the darker varieties of codliver oil are due. Boston Med, and Surg. Journal. Flushed Chfkks. The question has been asked the Herald of Health why people who drnk much alcoboiio dtinks have a red nose and flushed cheeks. That journal answers as follows: Alcohol paralyzes the nerves of the small Bloodvessels, and tney Decome dilated, filling with blood. The flush seen on the cheek during the first stage of alcoholic excita tion is commonly presumed to extend merely to the patts exposed to view. It cannot, how ever, be too foroibly impressed that the con dition is universal in the body. If the lungs could be seen, they too would be found with their vessels injected; if the brain and spinal cord could be laid open to view, they would be discovered in the same condition, and so on. Dr. Richardson said be had witnessed this vas cular condition of the lungs of an animal killed suddenly when under the influence of alcohol. He once had the opportunity of ob serving the same phenomenon in the brain structure of a man who, in a paroxysm of al coholic frenzy, had his brains dashed out by the wheels of a railway carriage. The brain, entire, was examined three minutes after death. It exhaled the odor of spirit; its membranes and minute strncture were vascular in the ex treme. " It looked as if it had been injected with vermilion." The white matter of the cerebrum could scarcely be distinguished, and the pia mater, the internal vascular membrane ooverinsr the brain, resembled a delicate web of coagulated red blood. Action of Alcohol on the Blood. Alcohol in its passage through the' body first reaohes the blood, and coming in contact with all parts of it causes the oorpuscles to run too closely together, and to adhere in rolls; it may modify their ontline, making the clearly defined, smooth outer edge irregular or creoate, or even starlike; it may change the red corpuscle into the oval form; or in very extreme cases it may produce a truncated form of 'corpuscle, in which the change is so great that if we did not trace it through all its phases we should be puzzled to know whether the object were indeed a blood cell. These changes are due to the action of tne spirit on tne water contained in tne cor pusoles. While these changes are going on the power to absorb and fix gases is impaired, and when the aggregation of the cells in masses is great, other difficulties arise, for the cells united together pass less easily than they sbonld through the minute vessels, and thus impede the current. Alcohol in excess acts also on the fibrine of the blood. It may act in two ways, according to the degree in which it affects the water that holds the fibrine in solution. It may fix the water with the fibrine, and thus destroy the power of coagulation; or it may extract the water so as to produce coagulation. This ex plains why in acute cases of poisoning by alcohol, the blood is sometimes found quite fluid, at other times firmly coagulated in the vessels. Herald of Health Welcome Spare Beds. One rule ought to be invariable with every good housekeeper that the bed in the guest-chamber shall never be' "made" except when it is to be directly nsed. Let it lie fallow between whiles, pnd turn the mattresses every few days, with all precautions against dampnets gathering upon them. Then, when put in order with fresh beets aod blanket, having the dry beat ot the kitchen fire in them, there will be small risk of that chill which travelers dread. A room kept nndampened, swett, and sun-wholesome, with a dry bed and plenty of well aired bed clothes, is within the power of the humblest to give their guests, and is all that Feasible visitors ask. DopESTIC EcOfjiOpY- A Substitute tor Soap. A lady writes to one of our agricultural pa peis, and communicates the following with re gard to the use of soap. We suppose she knows ofi what she speaks, but many housekeepers will bo likely to regard ber statements as bor dering on moonshine. But listen: " Without' giving any' recipes for making soap, I wish to tell all the hard-norked farmers' wives how much, labor they may save by not using Buch, vast quantities of this article. For nearly 'five years I have 'used soap only for washing clothes. In all that time I have not useo one pound of soap for washing dishes and Other kitchen purposes. Sly family baa ranged from three to twenty-five." 'I h'avo'used cistern water; 'limestone water; "as hard"as''posiible, and hardest? qom posed i,of t other mgredUnts besides lime, and I find, with, all the, so, my plan worlB equally well,' It is'this! Have your water quite bot,oddd a-very iitll-iadk to it. Ihls softens the water, gives the dishes a fine gloss, and preserVea'tha hands) it reafcoves-the grease, even that from beef, 'and yet no .grease is ever found floating on 'ths'waterj'as 'when -soap is nstd. The! stone vessel 1 always set on the store. with-.BcilitUe jwateriiu'them-iwhenthe Ticeke,frmlhenijthu8eyore.hgt when I am ready to wash them, and the grease ls'eMlyTemovtel' 8tiI" n... ST.T dli'Ju8t'tryy pUn?ybti.wkrfloila'sy''-,arter day. every spsiafi to make tihst barrel sol op) ad lt us, hewjw.iajioceesda iwittwygu.-oj; othr!6eealons. 'I-flnd'trat nryJtinware'teepa bright'looger hen'cliariad'in -tbia "WaV-tharl byjiaiagaoapor byi KQOfWg.Tbef habit tso many of us have. acquire of , pour jna Una ia , wastef nl policy ;'th"e present atvje , of .tinware will not bear it. The tln-U'soonscraWd afoyi and a vessel thai is M for'tiWhrngMSfhiour handarbBliivvaafced i tt;df Iuhawvdai scribed, the tin ii presaiyrtdj, iaiwtys bright and clean." Banns that will Pbesebve Bottmi a Yeab. Among the many devioes for keeping butter iu a manner that will preserve the fresh rosy flavor of new, with all its sweetness, is the fol lowing from the Duchess Farmer: To three gallons of brine strong enougu to Dear an egg, add a quarter of a pound of nice white sugar and a tablespoonfnl of saltpetre. Boil the brine, and when it is cold, strain carefully. Make your butter into rolls, and wrap each separately in a clean, white muslin clotb, tying up with a string. Pack a large jar full, weight the butter down, and pour over the brine until all is sub merged. This will keep really good butter per feotly sweet and frosh for a whole year. Be careful to not put upon ice, butter that you wish to keep for any length of time. In sum. mer, when the heat will not admit of butter be ing niade-.into rolls, pack closely in small jars, and, using the same brine, allow it to cover the butter to the depth of at least four inches. This excludes the air and answers very nearly as well as the first method suggested. Onions. I think it is admitted that the ma jority of people like onions as food, and, only tor tne perfume, many wouia eav inem wno now do not. That they are antiscorbutio as well as antiseptio is also admitted, and this is the way I prepare them. A few moments be fore eating they should be sliced quite thin and sprinkled plentifully with sugar, and you have a palateable relish which will not rise on the stoma oh or produce heartburn. A trial will af ford proof. Wynkoop. To Cook Mcttok. Every week or two we kill a mutton. I roast it all. I put it in the oven in a large bakepan, put it in water, cook till eleven: turn it over twice; everyone who eats a mutton here says it is the best they ever ate. At eleven o'clook take out the mutton, fill the pan full of potatoes and hake them; thicken the gravy, and you need little else for a dinner fit for a well, anybody. Kings are no better than we are. To Preserve Lemons Fbesh. Slice them as thin as possible, and put into a nice sweet jar with alternate layers of sugar and lemon ; re move all the seeds, have each layer entirely covered with sugar; tie a thick cloth over the jar before putting the cover on, so as to exclude all the air. I have kept them perfectly fresh for a year in this way. To Bake Ham. Host people boil ham. It is much better baked, if baked right, Soak for an hour in olean water and wipe dry. Neit spread it all over with thin butter and then put it in a deep dish with sticks under it to keep it out of the gravy. When it is fully done take off the skin and matters crusted on the flesh Bide, and set it away to cool. Beet Vinegar. Grate the beet, says the Farmers' Advocate, and express the juice in a cheese press, or in any other way that may Buggest itself, and put the liquor in an empty barrel; cover the bung-hole with gauze; and set it in the sun, and in twelve or fifteen days it will be ready for use. BebbyTabts. Cover gem-pans with crust, as for little pies, and bake; when nearly done, fill np with berries and replaoe in the oven a few minutes. TljE Vieyvid. Autumn Work in the Vineyard. To begin with; I wonder if people will ever cease talking about "the raisin grape?" "The" raisin grape, as though thero were but one kind of raisin grape. I have descriptions of about 900 varieties of grapes, and one-tenth of all these are used for making raisins; or, in other words, there are nearly ninety varieties of grapes from which raisins are made. Requisites for Raisins. There are three things to which particular attention must be given in the selection of varieties of grapes for raisins, viz., skin pulp and seeds. The skin should be thin and taste less; if thick, as in the Muscats, the raisins are tough; if acrid, or of an oak-bark flavor, as'n the Hamburgs, the raisins will be ill-flavored, consequently, worthless. , However, some varieties possess one or both of these objec tions in the newly cured raisin, but the tough ness or ill-flavor entirely disappears with'age, the raisins, when six mouth old being tender and of good flavor. The pulp should be solid and abundant. If the pulp is deficient iu quantity, or composed of mere fibers and juice, the grapes are en tirely unlit for raisins, however valuable they miy be for wiue or distillation. The seeds should be small, few in numbor, soft and tasteless. Many, otherwise oxoellent varieties of grapes for drying, make nearly worthless raisins owing to ono or more oi these defects in the seeds. Besides, defects in the seeds cannot be overcome, except the objection of bard seeds in the Tokays, which is partially overcome by the softening oi the seeds by keeping the ruisinn a year or more before of fering them in the market. Drying the Raisins. Those who read my instructions for making drying floors, if tbey have grapes combining the requisites above given, have now only to cut off the perfectly ripe bunches, lay them upon their drying floors;, and in a week to gather them up perfectly cured raisins. The vines should te looked over' every week, and all perfeotly ripe bunches should be gathered each .timej Lay tbern on the drying floors so that they shall not , press upon each other and your work is done,' if you are in a proper "raisin climate, " till you'-gather up yoorraieins. - ill I . . Muscat Anna 1 1 Afo open to the objection of teing dqughy when Arid, dried,, hey do not sugar quickly. The acitaUo ttjo rich, llator. they impart for months after drying,,- This, .defeotlioie, enjjrejy joyer dimes, as at the end of a vear Muscat raisins nearly equal tbe''LkrgarOT'Hiiasc(M In 'amount of saccharine matter contained.' The other ob jew ion is their j0Dghpttii, jliis pan,, btj over come' at 'once, by . JT' ' 1 ' '"' I Dfpptn'iWy; "" ""'I Which ls"d6neas'folI6Vs: Make a bdx'b'f'good dear X xj iuch'pinV boards; iiii locbti high I pnt nqboajdinjtbei bottom. btiOyd.aUow the bottom, letting it come up an-iurh on each Mde a Slate of 'sheet'irorUl 'Nail'-this'thickly.' aod make: yerir. hot tight o,'tba(,it riU hold water, Xeypnr tox ,iAnd,pver a i fireplace, made otstopeor Jbrickao'made as tq $1 the bottom of ydar box and 'protect the tides from box; you art' tb'eri'roadyfor Work1.. Have your E gathered In willow.tcTVwiien'baskeU; i aacbi baakMial inter thai hot' tj for soeda, (Mamte.fcut; and examintf.tbv grape. If tbey have been in sufficiently long tnenre.t till your uoxwimtMitroDg. toy aa of wood, ashes .or oft the .concentrate ley pb. kln'ed at the druc'storesl build a Are nnder vour they will show innumerable delicate cracks in the skin of the grapes; if too long they will be cracked entirelv through, whioh is always in jurious. In a little time persons will acquire such skill that they will very seldom spoil a basketful by keeping them in the ley too long. I shall have to defer any extended remarks till some fnture time, as I am suffering from a felon on my right thumb. 11. A. Sanders In Rural Press. TJnfebmented Wine. Various churches in thin country are introducing unfermented wine to take the place of the fermented, commonly in use for church purposes. The Journal of Applied Chemistry desotibes the method of man ufacture as follows: In order to prepare it, the grapes should be allowed to thoroughly ripen. They are then picked, and the stems and all green and rotten grapes removed. The grapes are then crushed and pressed in the usual man ner. The juice may be pnt directly into bottles, or it may first be concentrated somewhat by boiling and then bottled; in either case the bottleB are pnt in hot water and brought to the boiling point, where they are maintained lor half an hour. At the end of this time remove them from the firo and cork them tightly, while still hot, wiring in the corks. Then replace them and continue the boiling another hour. Glass bottles are better for this purpose than tin cans, though the latter may be used. An analysis of a specimen prepared in New Jersey gave the following result : Alcohol, none; sugar and extract, Kt.UO;asb, 1U; water, yU.uu total, 1000.00. This had probably been concentrated somowbat before bottling. The flavor was tine. Some acid tartarate of potassium had crystal lized out. Home Journal. Wine in France. The Jfonifeur Agricolt, from a Btudy of official statistics, estimates the average annual yield of wine, in France, at 55.000,000 hectoliters, about equal to 1,453, 000,000 gallons, wine measure. Of this amount, nearly 80,000,000 gallons are exported. The import from foreicn countries amounts to about two thirds of the export making the amount of wine available lor consumption in tne country about 1,427,000,000 gallons. The average an nual consumption of wine as a beverage was estimated at one hectoliter, or nearly 26 gal lons per capita, in I860, when the Anglo-French treaty of commerce was signed. It is supposed to bave increased ten per cent, since that time, and now amounts to over twenty-nine gallons per capita, making an aggregate total consump tion oi nearly bb.uuu, uuo gallons. Aioauage is estimated at 80,000,000 gallons, or about equal to the amount exported. About 265,000,000 gallons are devoted to the distillation ot brandy, and a considerable quantity used (or miscella neous purposes in the arts. Production andcon sumption are seen to balance each other with re markable regularity upon acorn parison of periods of twenty or thirty years, as these periods are generally snmcient to embrace tne extreme vicissitudes of production, and to furnish a closely approximate annual medium. The out- iook tor the future seems to indicate no maraed differences from the past. SHEEf ad Wool. Harsh Treatment for Scab. (From the Piclflo Rural Press.) Messrs. Editors: From a shepherd in Co lusa county, on the Sacramento river, I ob tained the following notes of treatment there used on a flock of sheep: They had tho "carbolio sheep dip," put up in five gallon tins; reduced it as directed on each cai', aud then caused the sheep to plunge pell mel into it; expecting each to be immersed entirely. Of fifty so treated eight died on the drain scaffold; thus indicating that the remedy was more fatal than the disease. Tbey then reduced (he liquor one-third, and it answered a very good purpose, and 2500 sheep were thus trea'ed. About fifteen or twenty nave since died from inflammation in tbe nose and throat; showing the folly of that method of administer ing tbe remedy. Where this amount died, others mut.t have suffered severely. When pushed together in tbe bath, no doubt some were kept nnder the liquid and breathed it into their lungs. The common dictates of humanity should prevent persons from following nuy verbal or Erinted directions of this kind. The remedy ere prescribed was for an external skin dis ease, and entirely" too severe for t je eyes, ears, nostrils, throat 'and lungs. C. Princeton, July 30th, 1875. Heavy Pennsylvania Fleeces. Mr. John 8. Ool, residing near Brownsville, Fayette county, Pa., sends us some fine samples of fleece shorn from bis pure Spanish merino sheep at the annual shearing during tbe last week in May, 1875. He also furnishes the fol lowing statement of tbe weight of fleeces: Karris 1 fleece, 32 lbs. 8 oz.; 2, i') lbs. each! 1, 27 lbs.; 1, 23 ttn. 11 oz.; 1, 18 lbs. 10 oz.; 3. 17 lbs, 3 oz. to 17 lbs. 11 0Z.J29, 12 lbs. to 16 As. 9 oz.; 20, 12 His. to 15 lbs. 15 oz. Ewes 1, 25 lbs. 14 oz.; 1, 22 Bis. 2 oz ; 2, 21 Dm. and 21 lbs. 8oz,; 3, 20 Ibi , to 20 lbs. 3 oz and 20 lbs. 14 oz.; 9, 19 lbs. 2 oz, to 19 lbs. 15 oz.; 9, 18 lbs. to 18 lbs. 15 oz ; 9, 17 lbs. to 17 lbs. 14 oz.; 4. 16 lbs. 0 oz. to IU lbs. 12 oz.; S3, 12 lbs. to 15 ibd. 15 oz. One wether 15 Bis. Tho statement is verified by L. O. McDougJe, who writes as follows: " I was present during the time of shearing the sheep and saw the fleeces shorn, rolled and weighed. Tbesq fleeces aro of ono year'B growth, and are clean, fine and bautilul." Ilural Press. Eastern Wool Markets. New York, August 7th. Tho market ex hibits no signs of returning life. The light de mand which at the moment prevails is chiefly for spring California, that being in better supply than any other description. The strck of spring is fast being reduced and concen trated, and holders show less disposition" to meet the extremely low prices of woolil-burmr. chasers. Medium light (Spring wools cpntfuue tei meet some demand, but prices are no hotter, Good lines of XXX Ohio fleece can now' be pur chased ' at 4i47o. 'Western fleece is also low, but there ia butt little coming forward, Foreign wools are qqiet, and holders appear firm. There 'liave ' been kales 'of 400 ball-'s washed Donskoi at 'about '29tf.,J gold; 3,000 pbundii.Porti Ehillip at 50., currency; -1,028 fornu, '2132.i 40,000-pounds il ,Aau at, lXi2tc.'t. tiO.lXK) pounds scoured dpu at CO, 65oT; 10,000v pounds 'domSstlo NoilsT at. 54' oWC; 18,000 ponnds JEn'gtlb', on private terms r 20 bales fin Eastern' Xxiuv at 9043e. ; 20,000 pounds, mixe'dlp,; at, 'tftlfAO.qpa pounds Colorado, part at 27c; '20,000 pounds short,' 86c.'r pulled,' 9035o.r'60,000''pemddlf swper do.) at 40o;; 111, bales lambs'-do.; 20'doY No..ldo.Cdo.hiackdo.','ou private, toons 1 5,000 poiufeA.'waaasdiWeiterafflwa-Atj'tf. bales JLonskoi, previous to arrival, nazu.yu pounds' Mexican, pu privato' terms; 30 bales nn. at sneASoc.1; 9.100 bounds 'spring Call- 000 pounds X Ohio, at 48c ; 10,000 pounds Michigan, 18,000 pounds unwashed Western, 3,000 pounds medium do., 4,000 pounds washed do., 16,000 pounds State, and 20,000 pound Western, on terms reserved. Holders are ask ing for new Oregon that is being reoeived, Boston, Aug. 7 There has been a fair busi ness in wool the past week, but for all fine wools prices rule in favor of buyers. While medium fleece and combing and delaine fleeces bring fnll previous prices and are in demand, fine Ohio fleeces are rejected. Sule of Ohio have been only 65,000 pounds, mostly medium fleeces, at 49c. Quotations for fine wools are almost entirely nominal, and it wonld be difficult to place say considerable lots at over 45 or4Co; 46o has been offered for some round lots of Ohio and declined, but if forced upon the mar ket at the present time, it is doubtful if even this price oould be realized. There is consider able doing in Michigan fleeces, sales compris ing 233,000 pounds, mostly at 4445o for good average lots. Sales ot combing and delaine fleeces for the week have been 235,000 pounds, at 5258a for washed, and 4044o for un washed. Bound lots of Kentucky, it is under stood, sold at an advance on the latter prioes. Manufacturers are supplying themselves quite freely, and are now well stocked. In pulled wools very little is doing; sales of 100,000 9s. supers, principally at 4050c. California woo! is in rather better demand, sales compris ing 317,000 pounds at 2225o for spring and 1621 for fall. The demand, however, had been moderate, and buyers arc only disposed to purchase at low prices. With Western wool arriving quite freely, and offering at such low prices, the de mand for California is not very urgent. There have been sales of scoured at 3739c and tub washed at 5257c Call. t Poultry at the International Exhibition. The admirers of fine poultry will, no doubt, have an opportunity during the International Exhibition to gratify tbeir taste fully, as it is the design ot the Centennial Commission to provido everything requisite to the proner re ception and display of fowls and birds of every class. It is desired by many that there be a perma nent, as well a temporary exhibition of poul try, and if applications for space for the exhibi tion of fowls during the six months covered by the Exhibition, are rccoived in sufficient num bers to warrant the outlay, the Commission will probably adopt measures to afford the proper facilities. If the design of a permanent exhibition be oarried out, the- display should be such as would impress the character of each breed npon the mind of the observer. This cannot be dono when the exhibition is confined to trios in separate coops, but only by the display of as large a number as can be placed in one enclosure; thus affording by the multiplication of individual birds, each of the same breed, an opportunity of studying the characteristics of eaoh particular family. Prominent poultry breeders could readily sup ply tbe birds for such an interesting and in structive exhibit. The temporary exhibition will oommence on October 25tb, 1876, 'and last till November 10th, a period of fifteen days. '1 bo Commission will erect shedding, and the birds will be exhibited in the same boxes or coops in which they were transported. For thn pniposo ot preserving uniformity these boxes will all be made accord ing to specifications furniahed by tho Bureau of Agriculture. Exhibitors will be required to assume all re sponsibility of feeding, and general attendance on their birds. Only such specimens will be received as are of pure breed, and even these must be highly meritorious. Further information may be bad by address ing the Chief of the Bureau of Agriculture, In ternut'onal Exhibition at Philadelphia. The Pekin Duck. As this Asiatic fowl is comparatively a stranger in this country, tho following from the Napa Beyisler will be of iuteiest to those who are interested in poultry: Quito a crowd collected nt tho express office on Friday oeniug looking at a lot of large white ducks some thought them geese con signed to Col. M.,Eyre, whose yards of poultry arc the most extensive and'bent on the coast. The Chicese seem to lead the world iu the pro duction of huge poultry, and we believe that these Pekin ducks aro the largest variety known. One of the drakes is apparently fully as large as a.commou goose. .A Mr. Palmer, of Connecticut, first introduced this species into the United States,-and they have created quite n furore, being mentioned by the Hartford Cour'anl a "the mo.t important event" of the State oxhibition. Col. Eyre ordered these ducks iu Jauuary last, but there was much dif ficulty in obtainiug therm, Nothing resemb ling them could be obtained i in Hong Kong, or even iu Shanghae; and Capt. Cbas, E. Coy, commanding tho steamer Alaska, running from Yokohama to Shangbae, finally sent u Chinaman up to Pekin especially to procure them, giving him an engraving of tho ducks, cut from an Eastern poultry paper. He obtained a dozen, but five died on the voyage down to Shanghai; another was lost between that place and Yokohama, where tbe remaining six were allowed to recuperate and then forwarded under tbe care of Capt. Dearborn, of the Great lie- public, who sent them up immediately on tbe arrival of that steamer. Wo presume that this importation will eventually "pay," but, aside from tbe risk of loss by death, tbe cost of trans portation alone by Wells, Fargo & Co. aud con nections from Pekin to Napa, would amount to some $25 on each bird. ' Tub1 Electiiio LleiiiT. An ordinary flight honse1wherefejir is1 ttsed'givea an illuminating ponereijual to about 200 candles.- An electric light u England flashes pven tbe (North, tica its condensed betus, each of which U .wprc.than an equivalent to tho combined light o8(j0,000 v A oruel'parentj'boAring'thiU bis elaugte'r in tendedv to :lope,i plaotd a (erocioun looking bulldog at ,tho foot of,, (he atuirs. -.ThCipoor girl retreated to hf r chamber i)d 9 rjed. her eyes out, but recovered them tbe next 'day when she found that, the dog was a stuffed thing bdrowed frWd'mighbor. '" V " -3' " re:l .c -.,i-. v 1 TMJyiajjjym : " BwiioF'OBoVrtV'CoiBldA'cVofdinB'to Prof; L.06ht7 tn rate'of the'frrowtti of corals iu(he.GuUof,Mico,iU icomthreb nd-ione-' bus gvp' iiU r , lMii: ' 1 j J , j i.Yl 1-Jirt r "BaotAinio .Boots. It is . said. that a do drivefa'tWthe' "middle bf 1 tbe' sole ' of ' V new' sqataldng boo will topitt noiieS- -"' J - tttHf vrl vi'im"-'" r-i i- " c t fc;- Atiorwet , BiftNb'MMi oaloneie wmnff uu-x in. metals, for months.
