WILLAMETTE FARMFP m StyEEr Id Wool. Eastern Wool Markets. New Yobk, May 22d. There are but few changes to note in Wool. Tbe market has been moderately ao'ive for 6ne grades of Cali foruia and Texas, and the prices realized were quite satisfactory throughout. There is no very heavy business looked for until a'tr tbe arrival of tbe new clips of Ohio and Western fl-eoe, for manufacturers believe that with a continuance of the present unremuneraiive piicesfor goods, receivers of tha raw materia' may be indnced to recede somewhat from their present ideas Australian sells slowly at 61 hVt cents. Tbe rargoof Sidney, ex Europa amounting to 1 300 bales, wM be offered tit pubUo auction on next Wednesday. Carpet stock is meeting with a general d-m mi, aud prices are steady. The sales for the week are 148 bales Australian clothing, t6152Ko.; 10,000 lis. do combings, at 55c; 85 bales Cape, 33 35c: 8,000 lbs. Mexican, 22o.: 25 bales Ei India and 224 do Rio Grsnde, private; 224 do California, 1522c; 26 do new spring. 30 35o.; 10,000 lbs. slightly hurry, old sties, 22c; 3il bags scoured do. 6572n.; 25,000 lbs. California lamb's, 26o.; 328 bags wisteru Texas, 23y,2Sy,o.i 75,000 fcs. East rn do. 2432c; 25 bales Nevada, 32o.; 10,01)0 lbs. gelected Ohio oombing fleece, 70c; 3,000 ftn. fat sheep's. 40 j.; 195 bags super and X pulled, 1348c; 50 do black do; 3,000 B)s. Connect! cut fleece, 2,000 lbs. combing, do, and 5 0UO lb, medium unwashed Western do, on private terms. BosTOK,.May22d. There is no prospect as yet of any improvement in Wool, although there has been rather more doing the past week. Tbe market is dull for all fine Wools, and prices are unsatisfactory. Manufacturers are looking for lower prices fur all descriptions of olothing Wools whn the new clip begins to arrive. Oombing and desirable lots of medium fleeces are likely to sustein a gotd range of prices as long as manufacturer continue t run on these grades, as the supply is limited, but oihtrwise the prospeots of the trade are not very encouraging. Sales of Ohio and Fennsjlvania fleeces nave been 10,600 lbs., at 5556o. Choice XX fleeces have been held at 52M53c, and these are extreme prices for this description, while medium and No. 1 range 35o higher. Michigan and Wisconsin fleeces have been taken only in small lots, at 4750o. California Wool has been arriving more freely. Sales have been 440,000 lbs., at 2224c. for spring, and 1725c for fall. Some of the recent receipts include fancy lots, and as high as 40c Tfr lb. has Iteen obtained for a smnll lot of 1.500 9s.; but this is no criterion of the market; 35c may be considered an out side figure for choice Spring, and 3032o. for ood average lots. The reoeipts so far have een taken on arrival, but stocks at the close are beginning to accumulate. In pulled Wool there is very little change; good and choice Eastern and Maine superfine are still in de mand, at prices ranging from 50 to 57o. There have been sales of combing and delaine at 56 65o.; scoured, 47c$1.08; super and pulled, 4057o. Sheep Raising. By Got. E. B. Brown,. Continued. Ancient Shepherds and their Flocks. Tbe comparative histories of the primitive shepherds with the nomadio shepherds of to day, show so many points of resemblance, and withal suoh tenacity to the traditions of their elders on the part of the Arabic shepherd?, whose customs are almost identical with those of the Patriarchs, that it is fair to suppose them entitled to the credit of inventing the 1 1. artnua 1 nrhlltl Avail VVimAtl very uiuJtuo uiuudm v .tm.vm .. ,.VH.VH manufacture from the wool of their flocks now. Burkbardt thus describes the loom at present found among the Arab shepherds: "The Arabs use a simple loom; it is called nulon, and con sists of two Bhort sticks which are stuck in the ground at a certain distance, according to the jt.A KvAatVi nt tlm ahnnlri. nr ninCA to bfi woiked; a third stick is placed across over . SI. Al i. m fcZ.l AMAfin nMnlffl to em ana over me vwu uunzuuiui uruoo dhuud, the wool. To keep the upper and under woof a. Ji.iinnnA fim aonn ntnAI n. Tint. stick is placed between. Apiece of woodserveB as the weaver s snui ie, ana a nuuii ynicuo n born is used in beatiug back the thread of the shuttle. The loom is placed before tbe mabar- A.n nr wnm.n'o anrfmpnt. nnd worked D the mother and her daughters. The distiff is in general use among them, and among the Kilby Arabs all the shepherds manufacture wool." It is probable tbat the covering of primitive sheep was a mixture of hair aud wool, closely akin 10 thot of many varieties now occupying extensive districts where the Pa'riarchs wan dered, nonUwardandtttitward, through a great part of Europe and Asia, and our own Mexico and South America. Says Youatt, "It is highly improbable thst the sheep which has now be come par earceWence the wool bearing animat, should in any country, at any time, have been entirely dtst.tute of wool, but covered externally with hair, and underneath with a fine, short, downy wool from which tbe hair is easily sepa rated." Partially by temperature, perhaps, but mainly by breeding and cultivatiou, this hair has been caused to disappear and its pla- e occupied, yea, more than occupied, by the soft clean wool, once of but few ounces, but now ol many pounds. In the p-ilmy days of the Roman empire the Italian sheep surpassed all others in tbe fine ness of their fleeces. The sumptuous Bomau was clothed in woolen fabrics of tbe finest tex ture, and fortunes, even according to idr-as ot to-day, wrre often expended for bis toga. "The be-t wool of all others," sajs Pliuy, '!. that of Apulia and Tarentum, which is of a very short staple, and esp cially in request for eloakp and mantles." "This induced that ex. extreme assiduity in perfeoiing tbe material f r its manufacture," says Youatt. "Although the old Tarentine sheep produ:edawool equaled in early limes,' tbey were not without their de fects, and very serious ones, too. Tbey were called by the agriculturistsof those days orcllitte, from the skins and other clothing with which they were covered; and also mHes, not only from the softness of their fleeces, but from tbe delicacy of their constitution and tbe constant care that was required to preserve tbem from injurious vicissitudes of heat and cold. The eare bestowed upon the fleece was a work of great labor. It was frequently uncovered, not only to ascertain its condition, but for tbe re freshment of the animal; it was drawn out and parted, and combed if it was beginning to mat; ' ft was frequently moistened with tbe finest oil, and even wine; it was well washed three or four times a year; the sheep houses were daily, and almost houily washed and cleaned and fa- The introduction of silk and cotton fabrics from the East, better adapted to tbe climate of Italy, caused the celebrated flocks of Apnl a and Tarentum to disappear, to be sucoetd. d by a larger, coarser, but more profitable race, bet ter suited to the time. In A. D., 41 Colum ella, a distinguished agriculturist, introduced many of the Tsrentine breed into Spain. They had gradually spread from Byria and the Black aintoIUly, and arrived at eaiinency. (TttteOeatlsmd.) ffllSCELLEOdS. The Fahrenheit Thermometer. "Zero," on the common thermometer, like the fanciful names of the constellations, iB a curious instance of tbe way wise men's errors are made immorlal by becoming popular. It mav be worth wbile to say that the word itself comes to us through tbe bpanisb from th Ata- I 'io, and means empty, bene no ning. in ex pressions like "90u Fabr.." th- abbreviation Fnhr. stands for Fahienheit, a Prussian mei chxnt of Dantzic, on the sboreH (if ihe B-tltlc sen Bis full name was Gabriel Daniel Fahr enheit. From a boy be was a close ob'erver of nature, and when only nineteen tears old, in ihe re mark ibly cold winter of iyu'J, lie eipeimomea bv putting snow and bait together aiid not cnt ibat it nrodnced a deuree of cold ejunl to tbe coldest diy of tbat year. As tbat d y was the coldest tbe oldest inhabitant could rememb. r, Gauiiol was the more struck wi h the coinci dence of bis little Fcientifin discovery, and histily concluded tbat be hid found the loweM degree of temperature knori i the wold either natural or artificial. He o tiled that de gn e zero, and o iubtructtd a thermometer, or a rude weatner gl-iss, wun a fcaie g nu'-aiuu op from zero to the bulling point, which he num bered 212, and freezing point 32 -because, as he thought, meicury contracted the 32.1 of it volume on being cooled down from the tem perature of fret zing water to zero ; and expanded 180th on being heated from the freezing to the boi ing point. Time showed that this arrangement, instead of being trnly scientific, whs as arbitiary as the divi-ion of the Bible into verses and chap ters, and that these two points no more repre sented the real extremes of temperature than ' from Dan to Beeraheba" expresses the exuot extremes of Palestine. But Fahrenheit's thermometer has been widely adopted, with its inconvenient scale; and none thought of any better u til his name became an authority, for Fahrenheit finally abandoned trade and gave himself to science. Then habit made people oling to the established scale, as babit makes the English cling to the old sys tern of cumbrous fractional miney. Our nation began to use Fahrenheit's ther memeter about the mi.ldle of the last century, or not far from the time when old style was ex changed for new style in the writing of dates. Tbe three countries which ue Fahrenheit are Holland, England and America. Bussia and Germany use Beaumur's thermometer, in which the boiling point is oounted 80 above freez'ng point. France uses tbe centi grade thermometer, so called because it marks the boiling point 100O from freezing point. On many accounts tbe centigrade system in the best, and the triumph of couven'ence will be attained when zero is made tbe freezing point, and when the bailing point is put 100 or 1,0000 from it, and all the subdivisions are fixed decimally. If Fahrenheit had done this at first, or even if be had made it one of bis many improve ments, after the public adopted his error, the luck of opportunity, which was really his, would have secured to his invention the patron age of the world. Ex. Progress in Iron Work. At a meeting of the New York Society of Practical Engineering, held on tbe evening of the 22d ult., Ueorge E. Harding, M. is , read the regular natier on ' Tbe Progress of Inven tion in tbe Metallurgy of Iron," reviewing tbe successive steps by which this industry has arisen from its primitive methods to its prefect omplex processes and oolossal proportion. He stated that the next step forward to be made in iron manufacture is the production of shaped articles direct from tbe ore, without re heating or intermediate processes. At the close of Mr. Harding's paper, the Hon. Abram S. Hewitt made an extemporaneous addre-s on the most recent successes of iron making. Among other matters of interest he stated that tbe production of iron direct from the ore is easy by the use of charco il, but not with bard coal. This direct production of iron is not, however, of the same importance as it was for merly, for the reason that steel may be mad direct, and is so rapidly taking the place f iron for many purposes that the production in Great Britain has risen in a few years from 20.000 ions to upward of 1.000 000, and in tbe United States already amounts to 500,000 tons per annum. The elimination of phosphorus from iron is no loner the problem that only r-cenllv has been the case, fur it has been found thit by eliminating tbe carbon instead, a good steel can be made, containing as much as four-tenths of one per Ce-nt. of phosph rus. Go d steel may contain eilher caibon it pbos phorus, hut not both together. Tbe result ol 'his discovery will bo to open up immense tracts of American iron min8 tbat hitherto nave been of little worth. Tbe mi Isumuier seRsjon of the Society of Pracical Engineering will be held in July next. Safety-Lamps not Always Safe And Why Twen y-two 1 rue explosions have taken plo in English coil mines sii.ee the year 18l6. amoi'g ihe seventeen took place at the mo ment of tbe firing of a blsi at a di-tnce. Gilloway conceived from this tbe suspicion that a vi.ilent sound waie miabt bs capable ot pushing tbe flame through the wire gauze of me eatery tamp, ana inus igni'o iuu luuauiiua hie gas around. It wasknjwD thatwheu explo sive gas-s are drawn through a wire gauze with a velocity of ttn to twehe feet per second, tbe flame penetrates and ignites tbem; but it was not kuown thnt a sound wave wonld do ibe Btme thing, and this is what Galloway has proved by experiment. He p'aced a safety lamp in an exp'osive mixture, and fired a pis tol at a istance of twenty feet, or ignited a box filled with a mixture of coil gas and oxy gen; in either case a large flame was projected through tbe wire gauze out of tbe safety-lamp, and ignited tbe surrounding gas. He found nn AiffrrnnnA when the o-as was sen&rated from tbe air by means of a thin membrane, which would not permit air currents to pass, but only transmit the sound wave. The expert ment was varied by transmitting the sound wave through a tube twenty feet long, and of which the axis wsb directed toward the safety- lamp; clo-iog this tube with au elastic mem brane made no difference wh stover. He there (pre oame to tbe conclusion tbat a blast in a coal mine may m ke all the safety lamps use less, wbile it explains tbe fact tbat au explosion in one psrt of a mine is oiten immediately fol lowed by another exploaioo at a distant point. Tbe Funbt TJbanub. The spectroscope has enabled astronomers to ascertain tbat the at mosphere of ihe planet Uranus, which is further from Ibe sun than any other planet except Neptune, is composed chiefly of bydiogtngas. Mr. Proctor says that if there is even a small proportion of oxygen present, sn electric spark, however minute, would cause tremendous con vulsions by combining tbe hydrogen and oxygen into water. The Spectator, r. ferring to bis aser linn that there u probably no life upon tbe planet, asks, "Why may there not be life which usuUnooxygM?" The New Method of Electric Illumination. Dr. Wilde, of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, has recently made a report to the Academy upon the new mode of producing the electrio light proposed by M. Ladyguin, of tbat oity. Since tbo discovery of the volt io arc in 1821 by Davy, many at'empts have been made to utilize it practically for illumination. But in spite of the re guUtors devised for the pur pose, it still remains variable and inconstmt; being too intense u-ed at a sirgle point, it is jet incapable of division. Since the improved magi eto-electrio machines have reduced the cost of the electrio bght to only one-third tbat of coal rss, these efforts to utiliz it hnve b-en redoubled. Aud, as a result, M. Ladyguin has male an itive tion which, in a very simplo way, resolves both problems, rendering tto tivbt st ady, and at tbe same time cap iblo ot division. It has long been known that ihe electric light (roper comes from the itjt nsely batel csiboos which ibe current traverses, tbe re-istance of tbo air between them developing this h at Sotheiesi tanceof a puunum wire p'aced in ciro it caues it to be highly heated: b it the liht thus obtained, though constant, and entirely controllable, is too feeble for prac tical use. M. Ladtguin baa conceived the idea of re placing the platiuum wire in this experiment uy a thin rod of pas cirbon, aud with compl-te success. Carbon pnaseBse, even at the same t-mp-rsture, a much greater light-radiating power thin t'latinum; its calirifio capicity is e-s than one ha f that of platinnm;it is, more over, a sufficiently good conduo'or of heat; so that tbe same quantity of beat elevates the temperature of a small rod of csrbm to nearly double tbat of a wi e of platinum tbe same size. Again, the resi-tance ot the carbon em p oyed is 25) times orester tbau tbat ot plat inum; h-nee it follows tbat a rod of carbon may be fifteen limes as tb.Uk as a wire of plat iuum tbe same length, aud yet be heated by the same current to tbe same degr- e. Finally, he caibon msy be heated to tbe eamo intene whiteness wi h.ut the danger of fusion to which p'atinum is liable. Those are some of tbe ad lantuges of curb n; its only disadvantage is, tbat heated in tbe air it burns, aud eo grad ually was es. But M. Lidyguin has happily obviated this difficulty by enclosing the rod of carbon io a g'aBS cylinder containing no oxy gen and hermetically sealed. Dr. Wilde asks, lu conclubiou, that the Academy recognize tbe f.iot that M. Lidvguln has solved tbe Rrand problem of dividing and rendering steady the ele trio light, in the simplest possible manner, and that th-y award him, in con-oquenoe, the Lomonossow piize. Expansion and Contraction of Boilers. One difficulty to be contended with, in the management aud working of steam boilers, arises from the unequal expansion and oon trattion of the parts of the structure. In some instances these are so great as to be tbe cause of more wear and tear than any other process to which the boiler is subjected. Iron expands in volume one-eight-hun dredth; or, in other words, a bar of iron one inoh souare and 800 inohes Ions would expand one inch in length while heated from the freeziue to tbe boiling point of water. Tbe nronortinn of expansion, for any lensth of bar. corresponding to any length of boiler, can be easily estimated, it is not to ce unaersiooa, however, tbat the maximum expansion would occur in boilers generally, for it is rare that one is allowed to get so low in temperature as .thirty degreeu. Bull, in tbe winter season, boilers when "blown down," are liable to be come very cold. From experiments made by M. Wertheim, he concluded, from certain phenomena, tbat there is a kind of thermal elaBtio limit with iron. "When heated, and when its consequent dila tion of volume does not exceed that which corresponds to the boiling point, it returns to its original dimensions. Beyond a certain temperature it does not contract again to its primitive volume, but takes a permanent dila tion in consequence, apparently, of its elastic limits having been exceeded." A New Earthquake Indicator. A highly ingenious, though simp'o appara tus, designed by M. Malvosia, of Bob'gna, to indicate tbe commencement of earthquake sh cks, has lately attracted the attention of Italian savants. We will try, briefly, to de scribe it : On a sliehtly inclined board is fixed a spiieiiosloif), baviug eight grooves, cor r spondfug t the eight principal p lints of the compass. A little b yond tbe edgn of the cap there is a projecting wooden ring which limits the incliued suiface. On tbe t p of tbe cp is poised a Mile bra-sball, vhich is slightly flat tened at the i oint of contact. Upon tbe ball rests, very 1 gbt y, a conical weight by a small -crew pn .j o ing from its bise. This weight is suspended by a chain from an overhauling arm, moveablo up and down on a support at tbo side. It will thus be seen tbat tbe least shock will cau-e th- bill to toppl- over. When it does so it wi 1 run down.one of tbe grooves of tbe cap to tbo inolined plan", at the bottom part nf which it finds a bole, and passiog into it. causes tbe discharge of a pistol. But this is not all. Whenever theb.ill has left its posi tion on the cap, a spring needle, longer than the diameter of the ball, shoots out from tbe little screw-knob ibat re-ted on tbe ball and catches in that groove of the cap down which the ball ran. Tbus tbe direction is indicated in which the shock has been given; it bas been on the oppo si e side to tbat in which the ne die hangs down. Tbe instrument is said to be very sen sitive, and will doubtless render good service in what is now a little understood branch of science. Intebestino Discoveby. A discovery of a curious Lature has been made in Eypt by a savant who has found and deciphered an in scription in bonor of Toutmosis III, con taining more man lour nunareo geograpuio names, verv precise and rec.OKuiz.ible, concern ing Arabia, Armenia, Nubia, and tbo coasts of tne Aieaiirrranean. me inscription ia winy five centuries oil, and will give rise to somo nistorio and geographical debates ol great value. Lead veins are evidently formed by the ac cretion of gaseous partioles, and the growth or repletion carried forward by thelaws of crys. taflization. 8uppose this crystallization to be under tbe control of sny snpposaDie principle, and escb miss of ore (whether in regular cubes or having ihe edges or solid angles of tbe cubes truncated) to have direct reference to each other cube, and the key of tbe filling or reple tion of the vein system of a lead field may be had. Musio rooic Gas Jets. An extraordinary new musical instrument, called the pjrophone, invented by M. Kaatntr, of Paris, bas been ex hibited at tbe Society of Arts. Tbe notes are produotd by tbe singing of gas jetalngUss tubes, and are sweet and pure, and, at tbe same time, have great penetrative power. After tbe reading of the paper on the invention, illustra tions of the music emitted were given sepa rately and in eooswt with tbe husoan volos. American Ordnance A Novelty in Gun Manufacture. Before the war of secession our guns were the most powerful in the world; but since that we have made no progress in that direction, wbile the nations of Europe have gone a long way ahead of us. There is not in the Uuit-d States to-day a private or public factory cepableof forging a 100-pounder of steel or wrought iron, and the proposal by a bnieau oftWr to pntchae suitable guns from abroad would be jusily construed as a gros affront to the American eagle. Uigent appeals havo been made every yoar to Congress with a full repre sentation of the case, but with little effect. Conure-smen seem to think but little of the necessities of national defence. The contin gency of a foreign war is apparently regarded as Bo'reino'e that it is not thought to be wor.h the smsllest iusorance premium upon it. It is not difficult to obtain each year n lew thou sat ds of dollars for experimental purposes; but when mention is made of the millions neces on re in timvide a national eun factory, Con gress declines with astonishment the unwelcome proposal After many efforts tbe Ordnance Department succeeded in obtaiuing two years ago, an ap propriation for construi tmg ana testing some h-ay riflss. It was provided in tne act tnat one of these should be a breech-loader. A board was appointed to seleot the models, and those cboseu were: 1, a 12 in. Krupp; 2, a 12 in. Woodbridge muzzle-loader; 3, a 12-in. Hotrhkiss mnzzli.-loder. besides several minor recommendntions. The Krupp gun was never negotiated for. becau'e it soju became appar ent that the other projects wonld more than swallow up tbe appropriation, and American t'ooius must be enoouraged, not affrouted. Hotchkiss' gun has been much elaborated and m dined, and tbe inventor expeots to have his gun finished during this spring, if the fundB hold out. This gun is made up by welding together iron disks, and then boring out. The plan is an old one, and failed in tbo hands of Dr. Ames, tbe gun separating into sections at tbe welds. Hotchki-81 improvement consists in his method of welding. The Woodbridge gun is in mow respects a novelty. He pn pose J bis plan as long ago as 1850, wben his proposal was favorably endorsed by General Scott. During the war a sm ill gun was made by him and could not be ruptured. His plan consists in winding about a steel tube a coil of soft steel wire. The wire is fed to the coil in a band consisting of twenty or thirty wires, each wire of three-tenths of au inch cross section. When the coil is wound up the whole is placed in a tight flask of boiler iron, and this is put into a specially constructed furnace, muzzle upwards, and heated to red ness. An alloy of 80 of copper and 20 of tin is then poured into the flasK. This is a very fusible alloy, and is expected to solder the njmi Into u nracticallv homosenous mass, and to oiva trunnions and contour to the gun. If this succeeds the finishing of the gun is of course mere lathe-work. This project seems at first to have some of the Munchausen elements in it; but a very o ireful study ol the elaborate .iptnils nf the plan, and of Mr. Woodbridge nreliminary experiments, led every member of tne uranance ioaru iu uw toiw uv . " worth trying. It is known that bronze pene trAtaa with astonishing power between clean surfaces ofiron or steel, when the latter is hot enough to preserve tne nuioity oi tne oronzo. and wnen tne suriaces are luuruutsmj unu, This has been abundantly verified at the Bpringfield armory. Moreover, the small gun made by Dr. Woodbridge in 18CI was cut into small pieoes, and was found to be homogenous and solid throughout. The furnaces, machinery and steel tube for this gun have been procured, and the calibre of the first one is intended to be nine inches, on account of the extreme nov elty of the experiment; but if it proves success ful a 12-in. rifle will be immediately constructed or attempted. Difficulty has been experi enced in procuring the wire. It is required to bo square in section and of three-tenths of an inch in gauge, and as the inventor is extremely exalting and coutious, much difficulty bas been found in fulfilling his requirements. The prinoiple appears to have many points to reoommend it. Its longitudinal strength will be guaranteed by the obliquity of the wires, which will be reversed in the alternate layers. It is objected by many that the beating of tho coil and its subsequent slow cooling will de prive the wires of u great portion of their tensile strength; but, granting this, there will sti 1 be left a very high tenacity, as has been sbon by Mr. Woodbridge in his extensive preliminary experiments, and, as already stated, the inventor combines with Borne daring a great and perhaps exceBsivo amount of cau tion aud foresight in providing against pos si bin sources of difficulty and errors of detail, so that good results are very confidently antici pated. Fish Culture and Protection. Tbo protection .and culture of fish bas at tracted no little attention in the past few years throughout the conntry, from Maine to Cali fornia. Why should not Kentucky look to so great an iuterrst? Let her streams be proteoted, as in other States, from seines and poisoner'', and they will afford not only fine spoit to the aooler. but support, at least in part, to a vast number of families in ihe more sparsely popu lated portions ol tne mate. This is no new subject. It is consider! din China of paramount importance now, as it has been for centuries Air. u. u. uoiton oauer. ex-United States Consul to China, tells us tbat the people thero hold in great reverence any thing iu tbe way of fish which contribute largely to their support, and they ascribe especial virtues to the medicinal properties of tbe oil of the shod, considering it almost a spe cific for affections of the air passages, and, in its early statzes, a positive cure even for con sumption. The Chinese show tbe greatest care in keeping tbo waters free from taint and poison. Tbeir rivers aro probably as full of fish to-day as they were 4,000 years ago. If this HUbject is of suoh great consideration in the oldest country of tbo world, it should certainly command, in some degree, attention here in Kentucky. With our limpid lare springs, ponds may be made, in which the trout, and the grayling (a new fish), may bo propagated successfully. These with the gamey black oss and newlight, would not only afford fine sport to families, but a very desira ble, whole. ome food. No farm should be without a nond well stocked with flab, even though they be small black or son perch. To catch tbem affords amus-ment to children, and not unfrequeotly to men and women. Fish eggs even young fish can be safely transplanted and cultivated in any stream or pond. All that is wanted is tbe will to do it Let Ihe owners of liob, broad acres in this hsppy blue grass region think about this mat ter, make ponds, aud stock them with gioo fish. Tbey will never regret it. Kentucky L Iv Block Journal. Tbe Cansdlsn merchants appear to be getting reconciled to the Grange, as at tbe last quar terly meeting of London Division Grange "it was resolved that tbe names of manufacturers and dealers who have made offers of reduction iu the prices of articles to th Division Orange be printed for distribution." Chances for Finding Mine's. The limits of the areas on the Pacifio slope which aro unexplored by the prospeotor, are of course being gradually reduced, but there still remains much country which, for all practical purposes, is unknown to the miner. It is not enough for his purpose that nearly all parts of tbe country are, even when not settled up, oc casionally visited by hunters, stock men, etc., or run over hastily by poople not seeking pre cious motals. Every day fresh discoveries aro being made in places which have had a small population in the. vioinity foryoirs, and we have no reason to assume that a tract contains no gold, silver, lead, coal or qnicVsilver, because up to the present time it bas not attracted the attention of the miner. The prospector has not to travel far to find new conntry, and in the neighborhood of older mining districts there are msny tracts yet undeveloped. More over, there are many claims whioh were aban doned years ago, befjre perlect appliances for saving tbe precious metals were tnougntor, and when labor and food was high. It is, moreover, by no means certain tbat be cause other prospectors nave passed over ground that tbore is nothing to be found. Many of us remember instances where ground was supposed to have been thnroubly pros pected, and after perhaps a hundred different men had gone over it, another man would come along and strike it rich. Tbe writer recolleots having camped in one locality a week with three other prospectors, and thor oughly worked over a small section, finding nothing. Two weeks after two men camped at tne same spring, and found a vein cropping out, whii h, after working about three years, thev sold lor $130,000. This vein was not 200 yards from tbe spring where the camps were looaiea, and tne nrst party nad passed over cue croppings, which were small, many times with out seeing them. This is by no means an isolated case. Many old miners, however, prefer to work and re-work well known guile) s and flats rather than spend their time in making tiials in new ground. It is often stated that in new camps, tbe miners, curiously enough, almost always accidentally open tbo richest claims first; but those who make this statement do not always lake oare to examine the facts. At first any new discovery the finding of any rih pooket, etcited tbe pnblio mind, and oven without ex aggeration, the facts made known in the early days of our gold mining were startling; but more extraordinary results are obtained now, week after week, than many which occurred in early days. Whsn we read a paragraph in a newspaper informing the puUic that tne last clean-up of snob a claim was $60,000, or suoh a mine is raising 200 tons of ore per day, worth $150 per ton, there is neither surprise nor excitoment. The pnblio has become accustomed to regard these as ordinary occurrences, aud fails to con trast them with what was presented to their observation ten or fifteen years ago. In Cali fornia, this is more particularly noticeable in quartz mining. Io faot, the prosperity of California mining, paradoxically, stands in the way of its advance ment. If our miners were not well off, if they had not good machinery and appliances to aid them, it they were obliged only to select the rixViAut rnnk. and nonnil it on in a mortar, aa ia often done in new camps, the results of their labors when made known would attract Hun dreds to the mines. But merged in averages and given in bulk, they fail to convey intelli gence which excites the mind. In many oases, if miners bad to seleot the rock, as in early days they used only tbe richest dirt, results now often obtained would seem so extraor dinary as almost to exceed belief. Take California, for example, with regard to new mines. Ton years ago it was thought tbat at this time there would not be a thousand miners in the State, but there are more than ever before. All ibis time with quicksilver as valuable as it was, there were only two nr three mines of this character being worked. Last year, wben the prico of the artiole was very high and a new mine or two was found, pros pectors started in all diiections, and the result was that many people found the precious metal almost under tbeir noses, on tbeir ranches, near their towns and iu all directions. It has been found in all tbe coast counties from Mendocino to San Diego and away back in the interior. Tbe mea-turo of tbe success of tbe minos must not be gauged by our exuorts alono, nor must it be gauged altogether by tbo published statements of bullion product. Immense sums have been expended in all Ihe milling States and Territories in the construction of roads, ditches, mills, machinery, etc In many places large towns, with fine buildings, eto , Bhow that n'i small share of the wealth tbe mines bavo yielded has been profitably used in turn ing the wilderness into a habitable abode. Iu many plncoi where a few years ago man's step was unknown, we hear now tbo roir of hun dreds of stampbeads, the rush of water, and see tbe hills stiipped of tbeir treos, the streams elevated from then natural beds, fine houses, wide stroets, tall chimneys, churches, theaters, rto. If in some places tboro bas been a profuse outlay, it has not been that of the spendthrift, but riithr that of tbe wise, enlightened and perhaps too liberal population, who have faith in their prospects, and show it more in deeds than words. Scientific Press. The Extension of tbe InoN Tbaoe in J it as. Ihe Government of Japan is taking steps for establi-h ng blast furnaces, in which the ex cellent magU' tlo iron ores averaging ubovo fifty fier cent, metallio iron, and which occur in odes, are to be smelted both with charcoal as well as ooke. The iron hitheito manufactured in Japan h is been made, as described in a former report, from tbe iion rands which oo cur in tbo islands of Ybbso, by a scrt nf bloom ery process, and these iron sands bavo lately been described in tbe report of Mr. B. S. Ly man, tbe geologist and iniuing engineer to the Government of Jap en, as o insisting of two va rieties, the onn easily smelted and pure, whilst the other is difficult to smell, and supposed to oontain titanium. Ho oslima es tbe total quantity of these sands at 125,000 tins, which no regards as containing 01,000 tons metallio iron, but s'ates that only some G.COO tons of tbe sand are of tbe easily smelted description, Iron and Steel Institute, Liquid Paboumbnt. According to Dr. Hoff man, a fluid by ihis name, conslmintj of gutta percha soltentd and soaked in elber. is espe cially adapted for forming a coating for pic tures snd cards, it permitting the removal of dirt with a moist rag. Penoil aud crayon drawings msy be rendered intffueable by sprinkling with Ibis liquid by means nf an at omizer, an exceedingly delicate film remaining on tbe evaporation of the ether. The new revenue steamir for the Pacific coast is to be built by tbe Oregon Iron Works, of Portland. Oregon, tbeir bid be ng tbe low est $92,000 Toe vessel is to be oue or the staunobtst in tbe service, snd will be US ft Ion-, 23 ft breadth of beam aud 11 ft depth of bold. Her draft of water will be 10 it 10 in, and she will be of 227 loos cu-tom-house measurement. She is to be a piopslltr with a vertical inverted engine, 34 io, diameter of cyl inder by 31 ia. stroke, and provide! with a sur laae condenser. v'J ,- ,-!tdgSiiiiiiltJ-i' . -