m
if.--
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I
K
"
Tijl HofHE CltCLI.
The Coal Imp.
I was lilting one night by my lira
Twas a are ol Westmoreland coil
With a mlxtnre of Soke which I recommend
Ai a comfort for bod and soul.
My chamber u cosy and warm;
The cnrtalna were cloaed all around;
And tha snow at the windows rattled away
With a soft and tinkling sound.
As I sat In my easy chair,
I think it had got to be late;
And over the top of my book, I saw
A face in the glowing grate.
An ugly old face, too, It was
With wings and a tall I declire;
And the rest was ashes and smoke and flame,
And ended I don't know where.
So queer were the features, I said
"I must put you on paper, my friend;"
And took my pen and Jotted him down
Face, wings, and wrlggllLg end.
A queer old codger be seemed,
As Taguely be stared and shone;
But I Died him In outline as well as I could
And added a touch of my own.
Be flapped his wings in the grate.
And struggled and puffed to be free,
And scowled Ith his blazing carbuncle eyes
As If he appealed to me.
Then I said but perhaps I dreamed
"Old fellow how came you there ?'
"I am not an old fellow" the face replied,
"But a prisoned Imp of the air.
"In the shape of combustion and gas
My wings I begin to And out;
So I flap ai the bars and grow red In the face,
And am ugly enough, no doubt.
"I am made for a much better lot;
Bnt I cannot escspe as you see;
Blistered and burnt and crammed In a grate,
What could you expect of me.
"I once was a spirit of air,
A delicate fairy page
Long, long ago In faet, before
The carboniferous ape.
"For centuries I was kept
Imprisoned In coal-beds fast,
When you kindled your fire this evening, you see,
I thought I was free at last.
"But It seems I am still to wait;
No wonder I'm cross as a bear,
Make faces and flutter my wings of flame,
And struggle to reach the air."
"My ruby-faced friend," I said,
"If you really wish to be free,
Perhsps I can give you a lift or two,
It's easy enough . We'll see ,"
Then, taking the poker, I punched
A hole In the half burnt mass
When the flro leaped up, and the Imp flew off
In a laugh of flaming gas.
C. P. Crane, in St. NichoUu.
Education of Young Women in Agricultural
Colleges.
From Paclflo Rural PresB.
We recommend the following dear and lucid
presentation of the new education for women
in college! and universities provided for by the
State and National governments to the editors
of the BerktUyan. It is written by the Presi
dent of the Kansas Btato agricultural college,
Rev. J. A. Anderson, for some years a clergy
man in California and not a granger. The ob
jective point aimed at by him is the graduation
of competent industrialists, male and female,
not of male or female scientists and literati.
He disclaims all intention "of flying a literary
kite with an agricultural tail," which he "be
lieves has not a cent of money in it for the
industrial student, whose estuto pays for tho
kite."
To furnish an education that will prepare tho
girl to follow some industrial vocation is dearly
the main purpose and chief funotion of this
institution so far as females aro concerned. It
was endowed by Congress " to promoto the lib
eral and practioal education of tho industrial
classes in the sovoral pursuits and professions
in life; " nnd tho wholo act, as well as the de
bates, shows that not " the learned " but " the
industrial" professions were intended, and
that the doslgn was not to oducato the
industrial classes into general knowledge, but
into Buch knowledge as is most valuable to them
in the practice of their industrial callings.
When tho Legislature, iu view of the faot
that both foinales aud males encase in the in
dustries of tho State, decreed that the bouefits
of tho oudowmont should be offered to both
sexos alike, it merely declared that the design
of Congress in oreatiug the institution should
bo executed for both, because the relation which
tho Legislature holds to the grant is simply that
of a trustee who, volnutarily uoceptiug the
trust, becomes legally bouud to omploy it for
tho purposes aud under tho conditions hpecinrd
by CungresH as tho grantor. It has, Ihorofore,
no legal power, either by its own act or that of
any agent which it may appoint, to make such
ausoof the fund arising from the endowment
as will either defeat, pervert, or fail to accom
plish tho oxpressed will of the grantor. The
furnishing of what is usually termed a "literary"
or "highly finished" education, desigued to
prepare "the accomplished woman" for her life
of elegant leisure, would evidently be such a
perversion just to the extent that her life differs
from that of the woman who works as an in
dustrialist, llowover desirable it may be that
HortetiHe should have a training especially
qualifying her to amuso Charles Augustus with
comedy, song aud the poetry of intellectual
motion, Congress did not create agricultural
colleges for that purpose. It had previously
ondotted the many State universities for her
benefit, which provide a course generous in
Latiu, Greek ana polite literature, liberal in the
purest of pure sciences, and garnished with the
rarest blossoms of the hot house arts. In
granting a new aud wholly different endowment,
J'iu order" to make the industrial workers "tit
for doing industrial busluess," it by no man
ner of meauH intended to duplicate the univer
sities, for bad such beeu tho intention the word
"professional" would have been substituted
for "industrial," and Couures iUelf would
have consolidated this endowment with, that of
the universities. The fact is it had turned from
Jlorteuse, already 10 geuerously provided for,
and was making a Kraut for the especial benefit
of Mary, Martha, Susan aud Jane, and it en.
Joined the trustees to aim directly, fully and
fairly, and to endeavor wisely, honestly and
vigorously to put these girl iu aotual poases
ion of such kuowledge and skill aa would ena
ble them to earn the moat money in the easiest
way by intelligent labor.
Wo admire llorleuse, and from it distance
most respectfully contemplate Charles Augus
tas. It is delightful, iu commencement days,
to mingle with the numerous and influential
frieuda of their lespeo ive fathers and listen to
orations, great in power and glory, which de
scribe tat educational dainties feasted upon
by the yonqg cou le, praise thrir remarkable
appetite therefor, uud predict tha future great
ness they must itunltablyattain because daily
"fed on Cwsar'a tut at," Hortense is so charm
ing and nappy! Charles Auguiaa so strong and
afi-reeWaiaed, the ibltaanual triaadt to beam
ing and the fathers so radiant that all of us
concur in the absolute necessity of instantly
providing yet more generously for their educa
tion. And as we roll away in easy carriages the
air seems more balmy with perfect content, the
moonbeams brighter with promise and the mel
low earth more luxuriant in hope than ever
before. But there are oiber scenes in cities,
Why do Marys, with callous d fingers, pale
faces and wearied frames hurry past ns from
the workshop to the atiic? Why do we hear of
widows toiling from dawn to midnight and
from the day of their widowhood till dea h outs
the thread of toil and the grave folds away the
g irmenta of labor? Why are there any orphans
forced by the gnawing of hanger to meekly
endure the scorn of companions, the buffeting
of adults and the avarice of Sbylocks, little
ones whom even God seems to have forgotten,
wbofo pinched souls grow faint in the struggle
for just enough bread to keep the cords of life
from snapping? Why do crops fail, why do
employers discharge workmen, and why does
the resulting poverty so fetter the hands of in
dustrions fathers that, though from the very
core of great hearts Intensely loving their
daughters and sons, they are powerless to give
them a professional education?
Nevertheless, neither the good God nor the
American nation has really forgotten those
classes who work wilh their bands; and while
endowing the universities to educate Hortense,
with others, the American Congress doubled the
endowment for the industrial education of
Mary, Martha and Jane. The two educations
are, and must be, as different as is the labor of
oooking a dinner different from the pleasure of
eating it. or as is the toil of a seamstress in
making a shirt different from the comfort of
mm who wears it. from tms standpoint tne
attempt upon the part of the agricultural col
leges to educate Mary as the universities edu
cate Hortense is a perversion of the design of
the grantor which neither legislatures nor their
agents have the legal or moral power to permit.
And in those States where the two institutions
are separated, as much as all may desire to add
the ripest of literary strawberries, the richest
of intellectual cream and the sweetest sugar of
all the graces to the educational repast spread
for the fortunate Hortense, from our standpoint
the proposition to pay for these by taking the
endowment of agricultural colleges, though
grateful to tax-paying pockets, looks so remark
ably like square, stronghanded robbery that the
working classes, the friends of Mary and Tom,
might not be able to see that it is not; might
not peroeive the distinction metaphysically ap
parent to the acute minds of the influential
friends of Hortense and Chsrles Augustus;
might regard such a proposition as a political
"gobble" and be disposed to furnish election
tables with tho gobblers roasted to a turn.
There may be exactly such a danger, as is shown
by the mutterings of the industrial journals all
over the land; and, somehow, the proposition
looks as if it were not exactly manly, honorable
or just, and as if its execution would defeat the
design of the grantor, who, in giving the money,
certainly had a right to designate the object of
its expenditure.
In determining the studies taught, the mode
of teaching, and the facilities afforded by the
female department of an agiicultural college,
the controlling purpose must be that of making
the girl an intelligent and competent industri
alist. Any other attempt or any unreasonable
failure to accomplish this purpose is a virtual
breach of trust, quite as marked and great as
would be that of sinking the education of
farmers under the fathomless waves of a uni
versity course directly designed for the
training of lawyers or preachers. And if it be
objected that such a view limits these institu
tions to the single function of teaching the girl
a trade only we reply that the female industrial
ist, being a woman both betore and
during her industrial work, has an inalienable
right to a woman's education as contemplated
by the first group; that being, to say the least,
as much of a woman as the one who lives on
tho labor of others, she has as great a right to an
education directly adapted to the performance
of industrial work as has the latter to one which
is not; that, since all suoh work requires the
uso of both mind and body, her education must
include both mental and physical tralmng;that,
in view of her womauhood, it must regard the
strong probability of her marriage, and, there
fore, of her need of such mental training as
will best prepare her for the mental work of
the wifo and mother, who, just becauso she is
also an industrialist, not only requires the
mental culture of wives who are not, but, in
addition, all the knowlodge that is roally use
ful is ensuring the greatest profit to her labor;
that her education is to be "liberal" as well
as well as "practical" and that the degro of
nuerainess allowable in ner mental trammer, is
just as groat as that allowable in the training
ol any other woman.
Husiiands and Suibts, The Troy, N Y ,
Times, has this amusing gossip: A (lay or two
ugo we overheard two ladies talklug about a
now dress, and one of them remarked that
"When I tried it on I asked Hob if it was a
good fit about the waist, and he replied, 'Well,
I should ay not. It fits about as well as a
home-made shirt.' " There was a volumo in
Hob's reply. As a rule, home-made shirts
don't fit at all. They will draw iu at the back
and over the shoulder to that extent that a fel
low don't know whether he is encased in a
shoulder-brace or a straight-jacket. The neck
band may not go twice around
and tuck in
liflliintl. lint it URllftllv lnrw fihnnt Hii-aa tii.hna
nmlunit n ni iin lnln ii nant ii.at i
twenty-four inch collar is required to reach the I
collar-button. In leaning forward when sit-
ting the bosom crushes iu at the side and nro
jects in the middle, looking more like a badly
demoralized dust-pan than anything else. The
sleeves are so Bhort that the large tweuty-five
oeut pair of cuff-buttons, selected with great
care, either tickle a fellow's elbows or dangle
around his finger nails, never oriiviugata
oompromlso between the extremes. The skirts
are generally of au abbreviated character,
making the affair resemble an overgrown
roundabout. Men do not like to find fault,
kuowing that their wives meant well euough,
aud worked hard iu making the garments, but,
w hen away from the bouse, they do not hei
tate to cay that the desire of their hearts is
that their wives should go out of the business.
An Inhuman Pbactioc The practice of
bleeding calves to make the meat look white
has, the Boston Olobt informs us, been very
properly condemned by the Sooiety for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, both on ac
count of the pain thereby inflicted on the poor
creatures, aua tne injury none to tne pnuiio
health by the nse of this dry and innutritions
article of food. A distressing case of this kind
of cruelty has just been shown up iu Liver-
nl, where quite a number of calves were
ad with plus in their necks, undergoing the
painful aud ecbausiiug proces of bleeding.
Some of these poor creatures were lying down
in a pool of blood, while others were being
beaten and probed over the body with a pointed
stick, A vigorous prosecution of these tor
turers is being made, and it is to be hoped that
an end of the barbarous practice will be foroed.
Lovk or Coujitbt. A Western stamp ora
tor, in the coarse of one of hi speeches, re
marked: "Gentlemen, if the Par-sy-fU ocean
wor an inkstand, and the hall clouded canopy
of heaven and tha level ground of our yearth
wor a sheet of paper, I oouldu't begin to writ
my lor of country onto it."
The Human Beard.
Physiologists generally agree in the fact that
every portion of the boay bears some sympa
thetic relation to the brain, or its function, the
mind. This would argue that if man
wishes to preserve all his native pnrity, both
of mind and body, and be god-like in all his
designs and aspirations, with a full capacity to
appreciate and comprehend the universe of ap
preciable things, he must be perfect, entire and
wanting nothing. Wearing the beard was as
common to the ancients as wearing the hair;
and if any man were disfigured by being shorn,
as a punishment, it was considered a disgrace,
and bis effeminate appearance humiliated him,
and kept him from society until his beard had
grown again.
Beards are also indications of character.
Men of great precision and nicety of taste, who
are somewhat aristocratic in their manner,
brush their beard forward; others, more demo
cratic, brush theirs downward. Some train
the mustache one way, and some another, ac
cording to their own peculiar taBtes. A person
who has never shaved has a soft, beautiful,
flowing beard and mustache, which can be
dressed to suit the taste or fastidiousness of the
wearer.
Origin of Shaving.
It is said that the habit of shaving was in
troduced by a young English king, who was
too young and effeminate to raise a beard; and
that the practice soon beosme bo universal that
if a preacher or school teacher wore a beard, he
was made a subject of ridicule.
Philosophy and Structure ol the Beard.
The beard on the face of man was designed
to serve important ends in his animal economy.
A moment's attention to its structure and most
obvious uses will make this plain.
The beard, like the hair of the head, is hol
low, and the bulbous root of every hair of the
beard is joined to a nerve of the face. Into the
orifice of each hair constituting the beard, the
connected nerve discharges a portion of its
own vital fluid, which retains its fluid state
fully to the surface of the skin, and by its sup
port keeps the beard soft and healthy. When
the face is olosely shaven, thousands of open
ings are made, through which flow out as many
streams of nervous fluid. It is estimated that
the man who shaves three times a week,
wastes thirty times the amount of vital fluid
required to sustain an unshaven beard. This
outflow continues after each process of shaving
till the fluid spreading forms a coaling, which
causes the flow to cease. The waste thus made
Is a draft upon the entire nervous system, as
much so as tho oozing of blood would be a
drain upon the vitality of the body.
Not only are the fountains of life thus inva
ded by the razor, bnt also the natural covering
of the face is removed, subjecting the delicate
termini of the facial nerves exposed to sudden
transitions of temperature, often much to the
detriment of health. Let a person thus sha
ven go out in a cold day; he experiences a pain
ful sensitiveness to the cold, of the part so un
covered, while myriads of doors are open, invi
ting disease to enter, and the nerves ore so
many telegraph wires to bear the tidings
through every part of the animal frame. Is it
then marvelous that living as most men do,
daily or tri-weekly renewing the barbarous
practice of shaving, even though there were no
other injurious effects, find the stream of life
running nearly or quite to exhaustion?
Influence on the Lungs and Eyes.
That the beard of the upper lip is of service to
the eyes and lungs, we nave most conclusive
proof. Whoever has put a dull razor to the
beard on that part of the face, starts tears from
the eyes, thus demonstratipg the immediate
nervous connection between that part of the
beard and the eyes. Also, shaving the lower
lip and chin, has a tendenoy to develop and
aggravate diseases of the lungs and other con
stitutional disturbances. A preacher of the
gospel who had for years kept a clean shaven
lace, was troubled by loss ol slant and a gen
eral prostration of health. lie ceased shaving
and in a few month his eyesight was restored,
and he regained his usual health. We might
refer to numerous instances where the eye
sight and general health has been very much
improved by ceasing to follow the barbarous
custom of shaving.
General Uses of the Beard.
A farmer who raised clover seed once said
to us that he had found that no man who
Bhaved could work consecutively more than
two days at cleaning clover seed, while those
with full beards could continue such workweek
after week. Persons working at needle-grinding,
svoue-cutting, or any dusty work, are pro
tected by the mustache and beard from the
large amount of irritating dust that was for
merly inhaled by such laborers when they
shaved; aud according to recent statistics the
mortality formerly so large among that class of
artisans, has sensibly diminished since the
wearing of the beard has become more general.
Consumption and disease of the air passages
were not so common previous to the era of
shaving; and let us hope that by ignoring the
razor, man may yet recover bis accustomed
constitution, and that souio future generations
may attain, if not the age of our fathers,
at least a perfect development, both in body
and mind. In such manner can we approach
a similarity to God s likeness, and expect a
repetition of the Baying: "And God saw everV'
tmu8 ,nat ne naJ made, and behold it was very
Booa
Conscience -What is it?
I will first say what it is not. It is not what
Webster defines it to be. It is in no sense a
kuowing faculty, a perceptive faculty or Beeing
faculty.
What is it? Simply a passional emotion.
aroused upon the perception by the intellect of
what is right aud just, under the given ciroum
stances. Its gratification is in the performance
of right, its violation and pain is in the per
formance of wrong; its language is, "do right,
be right;" but it no more peroeives or knows
what is right or wrong in any case than the
passion of anger or resentment does,
A man may have conscience weakly devel
oped aud at the same time have a good intel
lect and a very clear perception of justice and
right, and yet be prompted in his actions by
acquisitiveness or some lower passion or pro
pensity which is so much stronger than con
science as to hold the latter in abeyanoe. A
weak conscience is a moral unsoundness.
Some Bay conscience may be educated; it
can no more be eduoated than anger can; they
may be cultivated bnt cannot be educated, for
neither are knowing faculties .
The intellect may be educated in science, or
in error, and conscience will always prompt in
accordance with the decisions of the intellect.
If a man's intellect has been so eduoated aa to
cause him to deeide that it is right to burn
heretics at tha stake, his conscience will be
gratified in the act. If he has been so educated
aa to know that belief is involuntary, and con
sequently all forms of belief should be tolera
ted, conscience will be gratified in tha individ
ual acting accordingly. Exchange.
But for sweet facet, sweet amilea and sweet
tonga, that would be no heaven an earth.
YoiljlQ FoLK81 CoulHl.
Purity in Boys as Well as Girls.
The way some parents have of talking and
thinking that boys do not need to be treated as
gently and considerately as girls, is productive
of wide-spread mischief. If we treat children
as if they were honest, truthful, pure minded,
if in all our intercourse we appeal to their
highest feelings, it we expect nothing which is
not respectful and noble of them, we shall keep
a high standard before them. We should, in
look and word, carry ourselves so they will feel
sure we have no thought or suspicion of any
thing low or mean. We do this in our treat
ment of girls; and is that not one reason why
they are purer and nobler, because they are
shielded from wrong, so hedged in from things
that are vile.
Boys are spoken of, and to, as if they were
expected to be rude and unmannerly. I notice
even Sunday-school superintendents speak
harshly and severely to the boys, when the
girls are whispering and making quite as much
noise and no notice is taken of it. Would it
be so, think you, if the mothers were superin
tendents, instead of the fathers? I think not.
Mothers have as keen a sense of justice to
ward their boys as toward their girls. The
sense of justice in small boys is hurt by such
treatment; but soon they learn to shield them
selves behind the feeling, there is no nse try
ing to behave well, nobody expects it of boys.
Thus little by little the standard of excellence
and delicaoy, which they have until they have
fot beyond childhood, is marred and destroyed.
Iven mothers comfort themselves by saying:
"Boys must come in contact with the world,"
meaning with other boys and men, who have
had their best impulses blunted and seared by
just this same process, nntil to be manly does
not imply all that is grand, noble and true in a
human being.
The standard of manliness in heroes and
poets is not the one we find as we mix and
mingle in thisbnsy world exceptions there are
enough to prove tne class not extinct.
How many thousand hearts have ached, and
are aching, beoause their idols are all broken.
This ought not so to be. Men should be aB
pure, as clean, as noble tnd as high-toned
as women. There is no way to make them so
except to begin with the boys. As long as our
boys must go to an unclean closet in the yards
of our academies, and are shut out of all the
best places, and treated as if they were cul
prits, so long will they be just what they are;
which is largely the result of their training.
Until a different course is pursued we shall
have bad boys and bad men. If society was
anxious to have them bad, it could not devise a
surer way of doing it. Make the standard for
the boys as high as for the girls. If this could
be done for fifty years the millenium would be
dawning.
A Talk With Boys.
A cotemporary writes that he has reoently
been studying the characteristics of men, and
has come to the conclusion that, in many cases,
their mothers did not do their full duty in
"bunging them up," which, he further :
marks, "carries me back to the boys." There are
so many awkward, lubberly, vulgar, grown-up
boors, and bo few real gentlemen, that it is very
fair reasoning to infer that they were not prop
erly cared for when they were yonng; for a
straight twig usually makes a straight itee. He
says: A lad dined with me one day; he was
twelve or fourteen years old. He had a pug
nose, red hair and a freckled face. His coat
waajpatched at the elbows, and his pooket
handkerchief was a cotton one and coarse at
that. After he went away, the lady of the house
said, "I like to entertain such company as that
lad; he has such beautiful manners."
At another time, a woman left her son with
me for a day, and I took him with me to dine.
His face was very handsome. He had splendid
eyes, a fair skin, and was finely dressed. His
mother was a rich woman, and her son had
every'advantoge that wealth bestows. When
the day was over, a friend remarked, "How
very inuoh relieved you must feel!" "Why?" I
asked. "Didn't that boy annoy you exceed
ingly? Ho has such disagreeable manners. He
is only fit to be shut up in a pen with wild ani
mals
"But that boy's mother was to blame," you
exolaim. Certainly, and so are many of yours,
and for this very reason boys must take the
making of their "palaces and fortunes" in
tneir own nanus.
One gets tired talking to mothers about their
duties, especially when they are more con
cerned about the spring jackets of their boys
than their manners. Then possibly many of
mem pay, as i nearo one tne otner day, "un,
Johunie will come out all rightl It will be time
enough for fine manners ten years hence."
An ill fruiting tree may be grafted to bear
good fruit, but one can always detect the join
ing of the stocks. Very much so it is with
manners acquired late in life they have a
slucfc on appearance. But if acquired in youth,
taken in when the body, mind and heart
are specially alive and open to influences, they
become "bred in the bone," and theman never
loses their controlling power. They become a
part and portion of him, and of such a one we
say, he is a real gentleman."
Boys must learn to read and reflect more for
themselves. They should take more pride in
becoming the architects of their own fortunes.
The most successful men of the present day are
muse wno nave maae tnemseives sucn by tneir
own individual efforts.
Disagreeable Habits.
Nearly all the disagreeable habits which
people take up come at first from mere acci
dent or want of thought. They might be
easily dropped, but they are persisted in until
they become second nature. Stop and think
before you allow yourself to form them. They
are disagreeable habits of body, like scowling,
winking, twisting the mouth, biting the nails,
continually nicking at something, twirling a
key or fumbling at a chain, drumming with the
fingers, screwing and twisting a chair or what
ever you can lay your hands on. Don't do any
of these things. Laarn to sit quietly, like a
gentleman, we were going to say, but I am
afraid even girls fall into such tricks some
times. There are mueh worse habits than these, to
be sure, but we are only speaking of very little
things that are only annoying when they are
persisted in. There are habits of speech, also,
just a beginning every sentence with "you
see," or "you know,""! don't care," "now-a,"
"why-a," "tell ye what," "tell ye now."
Indistinct utterance, aharp nasal tones, a alow
drawl, avoid them all. Stop and think what you
wish to say, then let every word drop from
your lips jost as smooth and perfect aa a new
silver coin. Have a care about your ways of
sitting and standing and walking. Before yon
know it, yon will find your habita have hard
ened into a coat of mail that yon cannot get rid
of without a tarribte effort.
Interesting Incident in the History of
Nail Manufacture.
The difficulties which the early workers in
iron were so often called to encounter is forci
bly illustrated in the following incident con
nected with the history of the old splitting mills
so common in early days of rolling mills,
given in Sorivenor's "History of the Iron
Trade:" "The most extraordinary and the best
attested instance of enthusiasm existing in con
junction with perseverance is related of the
founder of the Foley family. This man, who was
a fiddler, living near Stourbridge, .England, was
often witness of the immense labor and loss of
time caused by dividing the rods of iron neces
sary in the process of making nails.
' 'The discovery of the process called splitting,
in works called splitting mills, was first made
in Sweden, and the consequences of this ad
vance in art were most disastrous to the
manufacturers of iron about Stourbridge.
Foley, the fiddler, was shortly missed from his
accustomed rounds, and was not again seen for
many years. He had mentally resolved to as
certain by what means the process of splitting
of bars of iron was accomplished; and, without
communicating his intention to a single hu
man being, he proceeded to Hull, and thence,
without funds, worked his passage to the Swed
ish iron port. Arrived in Sweden, he begged
and fiddled his way to the iron foundries,
where, after a long time, he became a universal
favorite with the workmen; and, from the ap
parent entire absence of intelligence, or any
thing like ultimate object, he was received into
the works, to every part of which he had access.
He took the advantage thus offered, and having
stored nis memory with observation! of all
the combinations, he disappeared from amongst
his kind friends as he had appeared no one
knew whenee or whither.
"On his return to England hecommnnicated
his voyage and its result to Mr. Knight and an
other person in the neighborhood, with whom
he was associated and by whom the necessary
building were erected and machinery provided.
When at length everything was prepared, it was
found that the machinery would not act; at all
events it am not accomplish the sole end of its
erection it would not split the bar of iron.
Foley disappeared again, and it was concluded
that shame and mortification at his failure had
driven him away forever. Not so ; again, some
what more speedily, he found bis way to the
Swedish iron works, where he was received joy
fully, and, to make sure of their fiddler, he was
lodged in the splitting mill itself. Here was
the very end and aim of his life attained beyond
his utmost hope. He examined the works, and
very soon discovered the cause of his failure.
He now made drawings or rude tracings; and
having abided an ample time to verify his ob
servations, and to impress them clearly and
vividly on his mind, he made his way to the
port, and once more returned to England
This time he was completely successful, and
by the results of his experiencejenriched him
self and greatly benefited his countrymen.
This I bold to be the most extraordinary in
stance of credible devotion in modern times."
Useful Hints.
If you get a fish bone in your throat, and
sticking fast there, swallow an egg raw; it will
be almost sure to carry down a bone easily and
certainly. When, as sometimes by accident,
corrosive sublimate is swallowed, the white
of one or two eggs will neutralize the poison,
and change the effect to that of a dose of
calomel.
For chilblains, cut np two white turnips,
without paring.into thin slices; put the slices into
a tincup with three large spoonfuls of lard; let
it simmer slowly for two hours, then mash
Ihmiioh A. rWa wlion rinlA arnaA it . - .1
linen cloth and apply to the chilblain at night.
juiia. jur ureuKiast, wnen used in tne form of
bread and milk, should never be boiled, but
stea-ned; that is, the jug of milk should be
stood in a saucepan of boiling water for two or
three minutes until hot,
To prevent hard soap, prepared with soda,
from crumbling, the bars may be dipped in a
mixture of resin soap, beef tallow and wax.
A little camphene dropped between the neck
and stopper of a glass bottle will render the
latter easily removed if jammed fa3t.
To make silk which has been wrinkled appear
like new, sponge on the surface with a weak
solution of sum arnbin or whilA olnn ,n un
on tie wrong side.
a piece of paramne candle, about the size of a
nut, dissolved in lard oil at 150 deg. Fah., the
mixture applied once a month, will kin hnnfa
waterproof.
A strong solution of sulphate of magnesia
gives u ueauiuui quality to WUlteWaSn.
L:ather can be made hard by saturation in a
solution of shellac in alcohol.
Paraffine is the best material for protecting
polished steel or iron from rust.
Soap and water is the best material for clean
ing jewelry.
Development of Magnetism in the Rails
of Railways.
M. Heyl, engineer of one of the German
railways, in a recent report upon the special
section under his charge, calls attention to the
development of magnetism in the rails. He
eaj s: I have observed that all the rails are
transformed at their extremities, after they
have been placed in portion a few days, into
powerful magnets, capable of attracting and of
retaining a key or even a heavier piece of me
tallic iron. These rails preserve their mag
netisni even after they have been removed, but
j -"- --is- .v. ,,uvu iu fjuoiviuu, UUW-
ever, the magnetism is latent, only becoming
..io .uou mo uuain) ure removed, and disap
pearing again when they are replaoed. Hence
it lfl nAnPRflArv in aoanmA t-a .... l.
-- j hwumiw iu., iwu upuuaiio
poles come together at eaoh junction, and that
each rail is a magnet, the poles being alter
nately reversed throughout the line. This pro
duction nf miDnAlt.m in na -lla ..-i.fj J-
undoubtedly attributable to the running of the
produced. The hypothesis of electrio currents,
induced nr dirAnt mnai h. wat.,j i i. i
negatived by experiments npon the subject
j-.o -u ouiiaum apparatus. AJtnougn the
interest attaching to the fact above stated is at
present purely scientific, it is not impossible
that the magnetism thus developed may exer
cise an influence actually beneficial upon the
stability of the roadway, increasing the adher
ence to the rails and the friction, ft is possible
slso that the magnetic currents may be
stronger at the moment of the passage of the
trains, than either before or after. If this be
so, the observations may acquire a still higher
practical importance.
NxTBO-UiTcuratK. Professor Mowbray, in a
recent lector hefnm IVia Hi..n. In.ti.nta
Technology, on the subject of explosives,
siatea mat nitro-giyoerine is now largely made
from the fattv waate of ataarin- mj ? -
riesL Its danaitv- wMaIi U 1 ft wt u.:.. i
enables it to exercise iu tremendous force ; lor'
a a given ouia, were u w per cent, mora
gaseous matter than would be contained in it
wnw it ouiy w aesauy 01 water.
- Si-tiBf
XiK 'ii,v3r r , vi X,