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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1874)
...flefr -wuMMmum gy, wr - .3HfragffqgSSig DECLINE OF IMMIdKATlOX. At the present time it is said that tliuru nro seventy thousand peoplo out of work .in the city of New York, and the hard times existing generally through the country cnue a great de cline everywhere for skilled labor, and asaconsequenco of this state of things tens of thousands of skilled laborers are returning to Europe to (hid work. At the same time there is a startling do cllno in immigration. In fifty years nearly ten milliom foreigners have em mlgrated to the United States, and this heavy tide of immigration coming from abroad lias given America the necessary population to build up new regions and add to tho greatness of all our institutions. It is singular to realize that in many respects tho inducements for emigra tion to America are lessening, and that the conditions are oven fo reversed that many are returning to Europe to seek fields of labor there. One of tho reasons for this state of tilings is to bo found in tho improved condition of the working clashes in Nio old countries. As tho years pass, tho influence of American institutions Is felt in Europe to increase tho wages of labor there and Improve tho condition of tho work ing people, so as to prevent too great emigration to tho New World. It is no disadvantage to our manufacturing in terests that such is tho case, for at the old rates of labor our industries re quired an unnatural amount of protec tion, by means of tho tariff, to enable manufacturers to compoto at all with those of the Old World. At tho present time the inducements held out to tho ordinary emigrant nro greatly decreased, because most of these coino hero to seek a homestead on our wild lands, and at present these lands arc only to be found in the far West, and are in great part held and owned by monster corporations who of fer them nt spcculdtivo prices. To emi grate to the West at tho present time is to pass a thousand miles westward, across the continent, farther than was required to obtain a good homestead on wild lands twenty years ago. At this time there is both less inducement to come to America and less Inducement to leave European countries than ever before, but wo nro strong and numer ous enough now to occupy and defend tho Continent, and it is moro for our interest that labor shall be well reward ed in other countries, than that it should bo driven to our shores. .Main Sources of Internal Uuti'iiue. Tho report of tho Cnnimissioiun- of Internal Itevenue, shows that tho re ceipts for tho last fiscal year on spirits, tobacco and malt liquor were as fol lows: tipiih i.wM.(iai TotiiiKo. ;u,ii2.H Mall liquor w.8tt,irw Total JMJ,0U,S31 The total receipts from nil sources wore $102,1! 11,7 17. This means for tho year ending .1 uuo HOth, 1S71. Tho re ceipts for tho present calender yenr from tobacco, ho estimates at $110,00(1, 000. Tho production of tobacco for tho year was 118,518,111!) imuiiuIs an in crease over the preceding yeai of ,000,000 pounds and a fraction. Tho production of cpirits for tho year aggre gated (i!),.r)0il,0U0 gallons The synopsis "falls to give tho production of mult liquors. Tiiere is a laiitng on oi ts:, 11(10,000 in tho receipts from spirits. At tho conclusion of his report tho Coin-mis-.ioner recommends an increao of the tux on tobacco of four cents a pound and on spirits of ten cents a gal lon, it is not likely that so flight an Sni'iTiiio would diminish the production or consumption of either article. Hut it would mid to the revenue: on spirits $(i,!i:0,000 j on tobacco, $ 1,7 1 1,1) 1 1. Or a total of $t 1,001,'.) 1 1, if there should be no reduction of the other taxes, this In ereaso on those two main articles would raise tho revenuofrom$lu2,(SII, 7l7to$lll,:WlVi01. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Thera are now only four inlnem wiarklng on French mul McCullncu creeks, who make about live dollar per day eaoh. A heavy Chinese vote at Clinton elected Humphreys and Itrowu to the Provincial Aa soolttllon from I.llloet. The steamer Km urn, towing the tcboouer lllaok Plamnud, started from Naualmo on 'I uesday ulaht, but was glad to put back to escape the high wlud. The mow Isabella, while loading oordwood at TVIegrapb Bay, uu Tuefcday, was blown aNhore bv the northeaster. She la not sup Hed to have auetalued any damage. The ahlp lilue Jacket completed tier cargo of 51,000 tone of coal M the Wellington col liery, Departure Hay. This Is the largest chi-uo yet ahlied by tula enterprising Com. pauy. Mr. T. S. Style, or Kinsman A Styles, contractors for the Domiulou Penitentiary, will Immediate commence operations at the Newcastle Quarry. About -.000 toua of atone will be required. The CWomf of the 18th says: "The pres ent cold anap la quite unprecedented here aa tar as the ex-perieuo of the white Inhabitants extends: Tuersalhsc must bo very mvm on the Mainland along the Una of the Fra- ar." Christian Gratitude. fvnopjUof Iter P. 8. Knight' fcrmon, delivered at .10 Union Thankf'liurSertlcei, Nor. 20, 1,171, at tin t'lret Presbyterian C'liUiCh, Salem, Utegot. "To the generous mind The heaviest debt is that of gratitude." Franklin. "What can I pay theo for this noble usage, Kutgratelul praise! bo heaven ltselfl pld." Howe. "A grateful mind By o Ing owes not, but mill pays, at once Indebted and discharged." Milton. "I am debtor both to the Greeks and to the Barbarians; both to the wise and the unwise."- liul (Uom., 1:U). This saying of tbo Apostle Paul is a pecu liarly honest acknowledgment of indebted ness. On this day of State and National Thanksgiving we will do woll if we stifle-his words to shape our meditations. We may Inquire briefly, first, as to the scope of this in dedtednew. lie felt himself to be indebted to Greeks, barbarians, learned and unlearned. These were geueral expressions by which he meant to indicate that he felt indebted tooverybody. He folt under something more than philan thropic obligations to all classes of poople, In all tribes and nations; to those of Rome whom he had never seen, as well as to those of Grooco where be had founded churches, and those of Judea among whom he had spent his youth. We may consider, secondly, the nature of this indeblcdnecs. It was plainly and simply a debt of gratitude. It was not money that he owed, nor service. Yet it was that which might include both, and means Infinitely more than either. It was Love the coin of the heart, the currency of heaven; love springing Irom gratitude and spending itself wherever It Is noeded most. Paul fe)t for some reason that be oural such love as this to all the world. In response to-It he was will ing to suffer bonds and imprisonment, "to preach tho gospel to those at Rome," or to suffer tho perils of travel by land and sea. We may inquire, thirtltif, what were- the ground of this imlebleUnetif Why did Paul feel that he owed the world so inuohf Toe Greeks laughed him to scorn;, the Romans Imprisoned him; the Jews accused him; tbe barbarians mobbed him. In every city bonds and a mictions awaited hlrm Yet In the midst of all he boro upon his heart the- bar den of this thought, "I am debtor to-Greeks, Romans, Jews, barbarians, to all men."' And in a true sense I believe Paul felt his- great debt to be one of gratitude. Christ hadseved him. This was the thought that made-hls whole-life an inspiration ot burning wwds and burning deeds. His love for the Muster must needs 11 tul expression. In love for aaen, for this was the distinguishing characteristic of Christ's own love. And this, by th way, Is the highest form of gratitude a gratitude that spends Itself on oeoondary objecto; that failing to find tho benefactor lu, ponxu, be stows its tbuuk offering whore It is. aot ex pected. There is something more touuhinLn King itavid searching out and bestow ing.Ai.vord on a crippled son of hJu Irleud Jonathan thau there would have been in his besUwing like favors on Jonathan himselS. It L'Kkn exalted) mid uolUe sentimeut that makes (lm Apostle transfei tho debt !i!ch he owed) his Master to the credit of tuaeo whom. hls-liAsster died to save. It Is a pr jiutple forevev in harmoay with tho Gospel that the gratitude we feci to wards Him should spend Itself in deeds and words of lovo te wards the objects ot His care and mercy. In apply Inn the doctrine tbns evolved from this text tootuselvos, we may remark; First, we have the same giwral reasons for thank fulnoss aud gratitude to the Olverof all good us Paul the Apostle. We have theuo, in faot, in greater measure than he. He detnled him self many things that we count necessary to happiness. We have also the same special reasons, for gratitude. Christ la, or should bo, to us personally all that he was to him. lie nud His salvation are worth as much to day as they wore lu Paul's day worth as much to you and mo as thoy were to him. "Wo may remark, secondly, that the world Is at, uide, as diverse, as sinful and as needy now as It wits when Paul's heart was burden cd with auxloty fur Its salvation. If we do not feel tho bit i ifcii as he felt It, It Is simply evidence that wo do not appreciate as ho did tho Inestimable gift of God. Aud we may re mark, ,fmifi, that our obligations of grati tude and thaukfuluess bind us to the needy, the sull'ering aud tho sinful, as those of the Apostle bound him. It Is not to our credit that we do not feel the drawing of these bonds as he felt then). Thoro arc good, reasons why wo should feel them oven moio. We might reasonably ex pect to see Christian enterprise and sympa thy more Intense lu this fast age than In those times when men made their longest journeys on foot, on camels and in row boats. The railways that cross continents, the steamships that plow the broadest expanse ot ocean, and the telegraphs that bring the Orient aud Oocldeut withlu hailing diatanoe of each other, should ouly serve to give detln iteuesa aud Intensity to the varied forms of benevolence and Christian activity. The fact that we read in our dally papers dispatches from Persia lesa than Ave days old, giving aooouuta of a famine that U depopulating thickly settled regions, la a striking evidence of modem enterprise and of our willingness to pay for news, But the fact that the trem bllug wires bear back to the hlatorlo East few worda of sympathy, few promises of aid, la a sad evidence of tnoral dearth la the Savored lands of the West corresponding to the dearth of bread In the lesa favored East. And If we bear without heading, la some substantial and. honest wax, the cry that comae to us from Kansas and Iowa from Uom of our own kindred whoa narraaU bava baas con sumed by an Egyptian plague, at whose cot tage doors tho winter winds and the wolf of famine howl in dismal concert what is it but a sad evidence that the rich harvests of our fruitful valleys have not produced in us a corresponding wealth of gratitude and thuukfuluesst On the contrary Is it not true that a spirit of feWUhness, conceit and grumbling Is fast taklog possession of us ?' And not only for the sake of others, but for our own sakes, we need to think of these things. Sooneror later God will bring our outer and inner lives into harmony. If we persist Instarvlngonrsouls, sooner or later he will starve "ur bodies. If our hearts are barren, our lands will become like them. If we by our example bpqueath a sordid discontented spirit to our children, and they to theirs, a doznn generations may dismantle these groen hills and make these valleys as unfruitful as the plains of Persia. These results will f llow Buch a spirit not as direct acts of punishment from God, but as inevitable results. One sin leads to another. Moral blindness leads to every foro of blind ness. They who will not care ior weir nign er interests, will finally fail to care lor the lower. They who "rob God," In the end in evitably rob themselves. WAY5IDI2 BIE2HOIlAA Xo. S. The traveler in a wild and undeveloped country must necessarily conform to the surrounding clroumstanoes and mako avail able such means of locomotion as are at his command, not "standing upon tho order of his going," but patronizing the most feasible mode of conveyance at hand, as a chtnook canoe, the hurricane dock of a mule or cyuse pony, oi Foot & Walkers express,, as occa sion may require. My hospitable enter tainer placed a skiff at my disposal, and for the first time In my life I' was captain, crew and passengers of a vessel navigating the tide-waters of the Paolfi ooean. The river Is about sixty yards- wide; deep aud still, with a gently flbwlng- currant to and from the sea, according to the way the tide is setting. Its batiks are overhung by maples, alder, willow, and the beautiful and fragrant myrtle bends its green, head and reaches down Its loug arms lovingly, aa if to clasp in its embrace the gently flowing river and lave its glistmitng foliage in the chrystal wa'ers. The myrtle Is one of the most beautiful of trees. It growsabout the size of the Oregon maple. Its leaves are about three Inches lent; of an. elongated oval form, aud a deep shining green, color. It is an evergreen, andaber the habit of its class 1C OI Its Class which before sheds its leaves in-summary tbey fall turn to a.brlght yollotv, glistening in the sunlight, and fieckto&tiie. green foli age with golden spangles. Pulling up tlie-river nbout two mllos D came to a point where a mountain spur touches the stream, and wher-an old settler. bad cut away Hie tlmli Mere I laududi and asoended the bluff lu.got a view of the surrounding country. Arriving at tho Sop I followed the- example- of the sun, as de scribed by Jjiquln kller. In one of his poems, and rat down oa."an old pine storap on the bristling brow oMhe. mountain sUop" and enjoyed the scenary. Far away upon the.opposlte shore ardiup,. and down the river as- tr as the eye oould reach, extended the level valley, framed by the dark gmean fir eavwed hills in hhe dis tance. Any WillatoeUe man wouSdt bava pronouncsdi the river a line one, and, if it had been prairie, owucd that this valley was one of the most beautiful on earth. But kite trees imsst be destroyed before tie soil can be cultivated, and the processor destruction require some patience, perseverance, and back-bone; and the average Oregonian U not always-the man for the emergency. Four miles, further up the river I landed at Coq utile city ,a village of a dozsn or so houses, a Hour mill and a store or two. The place is on a raised point af land, is. a neat, pleasant ly situated place; and seems to be doing con siderable business. Here Is the tertnlnuB of the Cunningham Crock, Wagon Koad, which Intersects tho Coos Day Wagon Road, at Morris' pluco ten miles from the Hay. Co quillo City is vow the principle business center of the Coqullle Valley, and evidently has a future before it. From this point I continued up tho river on horseback, over a break ueck trail, being promised auothor flue view ot the valley whou I got ou top of "llurnod Mouutali." Hut when I got there the valley was so filled with smoke from tiros In the clearings that the vltw was entirely obsoured. I continued on to tlio forks of the river, about fifteen miles (by water) from Coqullle City. From here are wagou roads up either fork of the stream, and at their lunction has bsen built a good substantial bridge. This portion of the valley Is pretty woll settled up, and the older residents have their placoa well improved and are comfortal ly fixed. Time uot permitting me to go farther in this direction, I sought refuge for the night with an old farmer, a fine sample of the genius "Old Oregonlan," one who believes in the future of the Coqullle valley and uses bis brain aud muscle accordingly. And on the morrow I returned to Coqullle City, Pulling a heavy skiff backwards down a river of which you know dotblug, but want to see everything, becomes In time, not only somewhat mouotonoua, but the constant ef fort of looking ovey your shoulder to sea ahead, becomes trylug to the muscles of the neck. So. wlahlug to seethe loner part of the river, and finding a man, who was going within a few miles of Ibe sea, for lumber, I took first oabln passage on board bis flat boat and we atartad with the tide at alz o'clock p. x. A my dutlea war limited to steering, I bad a good opportunity of looking about, which I Improved until dark ness and a sea fog closed In upon us, and the bracelng sea breeze over did the thing, until it became uncomfortably cold. Bat we must get all we could of the tide, the mn said, and' we kppt on. There Is nothing like a good turn at a heavy pair of oars to moderate the rigors of the climate, and your correspondent was presently comfortable again. We pro ceeded thus until eleven o'clock, when the tide having turned, we tied up of our boat to the shoie, gathered a lot of dry grass and weeds which we placed In the bottom of the boat, and spreading our blankets lay down In our boots, with a boat sail over to keep off' the dew. Thrice blessed be tbe man who invented sleepf Come; oh, Morpheus; on your nols less wings and touch my feverish eyelids with your dewy pinions. Fold me In yoor soft embrace; breathe Into my soul sweet melodies of your own enchanted sphere, and let my spirits wander among pleasant dreamland scenes until the dawn of morn ing. Such music as the "scraektng" cranes dis cordant cry, the plunging salmon and the sofly laping waves, lulled us at last to slum ber. M. Waking at peep of day, it was pleasant to reflect that I was not taking this trip fbr pleasure. No, I was traveling to Bee the coun try, and the satisfaction of a duty well per formed; although at the- expense of some disagreeable hardships was my recompense of reward. Then It Is nob pleasant for one-to perceive, after It Is too lato that he has most egregiously missed'it, aud as a pleasure trip, this one would- hare beer a decided failure. The recollection of it now-, is not unpleasant, but the-reallty was decidedly rough. The-tide was-running out, and we cast loose our shore fastenings, and proceeded on cur way. The morning was chily, andia heavy, damp fog covered the river like a path Through this uninviting canopy we floated' down, tugging at our oars, cold and hungry to woldshness. But aa the sun ;ese over, the forest, his beams dispelled the-fog audi lighted up the river scenery and tbe spirits of the voyagers. The river widens considerably to wards., lis mouth; the banks become lower and In places along the shore are stretches of mud Cat, co verul with water at high tide. Occa sionally a.solltary crane was seen perched high upoa a tree, or wading sedately along tbe edge of a mud Cat. Numerous flocks of ducks ware coasting, serenely alougt the shore, and-tbe salmon;, which were jusieom mAnnlnir' thftlr fall runi wurn leaninir and h ' ' nsP'a8hlnB in the early sunshine. Your cor- responoenteujoyeailois scene as wei as a hungry, man can, especially when he-is fond iOfi shooting, but has no gun along. But all thluus-have an ead, aud so did our journey, and-thou came breakfast. n.vNDOLrn Is an.sld mining towu which sprting:ap here, six utiles from the mantu of the river, dur ing the beach mining furore which was rife hero In 183 1. It has gone the way of many other mining towns, and all that now re mains is Mr. Adam Pershbarkerstore. We did not go balow this place, but after mak ing a few purchases, returned up tbe river four miles- to Paul's mill. This company have a large saw mill, run by water power. Also planers, and other machinery to fit lumber for building purposes. Tney manu facture cedar,, myrtle, ash and maple lum ber for the San Franoisco taarket, besides supplying the local market. They have a small steamer of their own, whloh they run in this, trade, and occasionally load othe vessels. Here we took lu ourcargand commenced our return tourney, floating upon the pulse wave of this great artery of the worlds cir culation. Daylight gave, opportunity for ob servation; tbe river is larger here than above but loses more of Its .piiet beauty. Kver and anon we pass the house of a settler whose children are playiug In the sunshine, or see the cows browsing by the riverside, or the plt;s hunting for myrtle uuu under the trees. Wo hear the ringing axe of the sturdy Immigrant, see the smoke as cend from his clearing, aud by thwso tokens recognize tbe march of civilizitiou and the building up of a commonwealth. Utrj, in these woods, ou this lonely shore, the hardy and adventurous planter builds his rude roof to shelter his family, trusting in his stout heart and brawny arm to win from the re sources with which nature has surrounded him, maintalnance for his loved ones and comfort for his declining years. Though his cabin Is rude and his fare homely, and he lacks tho polish of the metropolitan citizen, his integrity and open-beartedness la prover bial, and bis hospitality unbounded. He wel comes tbe toll-worn traveler to rest beneath his bumble roof aud share his social meal, and although be accepts pecuniary recom pense when tendered him, tbe unfortunately impecunious axe never turned unrelieved from bis door. Steadily we progressed and reached tbe city again without incident, and were in prime condition to 6DJoy a nigbt'a repose. I have seen the Coqullle river at least the principal portion of It; I have also seen the swift Allegany, tbe much vaunted Ohio, tbe upper Mississippi (the Father of Waters), the sparkling Des Moines aud the muddy Mis souri, tbe Platte, tbe Sweetwater, Green river, Bear river, and so on, still traveling west ward, to tbe rushing and plunging Snake river and the mighty Columbia. I have lived upon the banks, and sailed upon the waters of ibe beautiful Willamette, and with the rec ollection of all these streams before me, am prepared to say that no more beautiful stream of water ever ran over dirt than this "river of the west," the OoqaUls. And I em equally .Impressed with to belief that this valley wilt, at no distant day, be recognized as ona of tbe important parts of tbe State of Oregon. Its natural resources and advantages must of necessity make It so, if the residents will do their part. Here is a country peculiarly adapted to four of the great industries of the world: A mild f qulable and healthy climate; a fertile soil, where grass is green all summer, and winter. too, with abundant mountain range, make It admiralty suited for stock raising or dairying. Then there are inexhaustible mines of coal and forests of timber, with splendid water transportation; only tbe bsrat tbe riv er's month prevents the entrance of vessels sufficiently large to carry away these pro ducts with profit. This defect will, however, be remedied in time. Congress-wilt andonbt ly see the utility of 'appropriating money to open the mouth of this river, that this pent up wealth may find-a market. In thladiree tton Southern Oregon will events-ally Snd an outlet, and a large araountof the travel and commerce of'the State will come this way. The trade of Coos county is now al most exclusively with California, and tbe State of Oregon loses many a dollar which is legitimately hers, for lack of'rallroad'coa- , munlcatlon with the coast at this point. M. WILLAMETTE VS. WALtAMIIT. The Controversy Settled ! Letter-J torn a German Savant I Prehistoric- Re searches Situations of the - Word' for the Last 100,000 YearsThe Prognathic Pronunciation Vindicated X5Hi-ijA MutI We have received a letter from. Professor Muhlenbaob, .the great ethnological savant, which, in ouroplnlon, settles theorthojpyof this word conclusively. We shouldllke to print the whole letter ; but it refers, to the original roetsv of this word In many-languages, the types for which we have not-got. Tbe concJoslons the Professor-arrives at, after an exltaustlve disoassian, in tbe course of which ha ridicules tile suporfielalty of the researches of. tbe two Portland Judges not extending back of tbe- present eentury are these: From tills "It appears certaln-that during; the post-pilDcene existence of' the laenstrine era In this portion c. Oregon immediately after thi-river had become, tbe means of draining j the vast lake previously covering what is aow our great valley, that tbe dolico- cephaltc-race, wbodlspossedtbeautocbthon ous tribes previously settle on its banks. called the newly formed' stream 'Uah-lah-mut,' pseoedlng tbe word with- a grunt and following it withasoundressmblingasneeze (tab I7.3). This-pronunciation was retained during tbe quaternary perloJ--certainly until the mis todonand cave bear became extinot when tbe great Chichloaec nation superseded them (either by conquest, or, as appears more prob able, after their extinction during the second glacier period),, whose ws not being so prognathous a&. their predecessors modified theound to salt the vocal organs of tbe brachycephalletype to whloh they belonged, substituting the vowel sound us-fbr tbe aspi rated dlpthoag ua aud' omitting tbe final tehlzz. Although this pronunciation was somewhat Modified bptho orthooephalle-ootemporariea ef the eastern moundbullders, yet it seems to have returned to. its original prognathic sound during tbe Colhuin dynasty, and the subsequentvariatio8a.re toQ,madern to affect. the decision of this question."- Well, upon reflection, wetblnk so too. Wot go for " Tah-la-nvt,"-wlth a grnnt precedent We thlDk tbe grunt Important, since it ap. pears by the researches of the Portland) authorities to have been retained by our modern Indians.. It is. all right to destroy the Indian's fisheries, his- hunting grounds, and even bis tribal existence, but let us be cartul to preserve bis old names in all their entirety, grunt and all. Let us, therefore, write this word "Ugut-Uah-la-mut,"- and hold tho sneeze In abeyance. PatheticRejiiniscbsce. Whentbgreat journalist (Horace Greeley) died, no one mourned him more slnoerely than tba-vener-able Tbnrlow Weed, who has since repeat edly referred with deep emotion to tbe many noble qualities In the character of the de ceased. Several months since be found in XuHs.au street a litngraph of Greeley, taken twenty years since. A striking likeness It moved tbe old politician with a hundred memories of the past. He carried it to a friend, aud whilst looking at It, Weed said: "If I had not forgiven Horace, and asked to be forgiven a hundred times for all the dlffereuoes that have be between us, I should beg to be forgiven, as I see before me the counterpart of tbe face of tbe great and good man whom I so deeply esteemed and loved. There be is, just as I remember him; Just as he was when he was young, when we use to meet and talk and dlscuasi politics together hour after hour." The old man's eyes filled with tears while he conjur ed up the past; wbde Horace Greeley, hie tried and valued friend, breathed and spoke again in tbe rude likeness be had (bund, and so dearly prized. New York tetter. Facts fTwrtB RcBieBberlar Benzine and common clay will clean mar ble. Castor oil is an excellent thing to softea leather. Lemon juice and glycerine will remove Ua and freckles. A dose of castor-oil will aid you in removing freckles. Lemon J uloe and glycerine will cleanse and often tbe hands. Spirits ofamonlavllloted a little will the hair very thoroughly. NovxMBEJt Akxst8. Marshal J. A.Baker made daring tb month of November oxdy six arrests, aa follows: Thras for assault anal battery and three for being drunk and dieoc-derly. K li