Willamette farmer., November 20, 1874, Page 3, Image 3

vMimettS farmer
The "Mining Bureau."
If there were such a thine as a "Minim;
Bureau" the officers of wh ch were perfectly
honest and above susplciou, it might be of
some benefit to purchasers of mine?. But the
temptations are so great and the opportunities
are so many, that burean have never been a
success. Even if the officers were models of
good faith and honor the pnldio would not be
lieve in the bureau, because, thero would be so
many chances for fraud that' it would be diffi
cult to suppose that there was none. Men
with capital who want to buy mines can get
plenty of experts' to examine the properties
offered, without the necessity of going to any
bureau for information; and there is much
more chance for honesty in an individual min
ing engineer, with a reposition to uphold, than
there is in a miniog bureau, where tho respon
sibility is divided among so many persons.
None of these bureaus .have ever prospered
here, nor is it likely they ever will. There has
been the semblance of one hovering about for
some time, but even this has been broken up.
And it is well it has been, for judging from the
reports of a cae in which this bureau figured
largely or rather its representative did the
whole thing wan a swindle. The Chronicle of
this city deserves great credit for having made
n fight against the swindle and even more
credit for having proved it a swindle, both in
and ont of court. Mr. J. Bertnn, the head of
this bureau, sued the Chronicle for libel, for
IOr
commenting
unfavorably on him and his
after the case was tried the suit
bureau, and
.'. -m . .
parent i scoundrelism. He concluded as follows :,
The Mining Bureau is unquestionably a fraud
of the grossest kind it is the most corrupt in
stitution I ever heard of. I find that the de
fendants were justified in their publication,
which was warranted in the interest of the
was dismissed, in the judge s decision, as re- l &Q iot believe pos9ibie ,0 keep
ported by the Chronicle, he said: The i defendants ,h thoroughoteds upF t0 the present
called Berton "a fraud and an adventurer." gtdard o( elceiiebnco by the care given the
and the testimony bears them out. A Mining T hd j , dow'n M a that the
Bureau would be a good thing if it were possi- k . , the animal must fully equal all its
ble to conduct it honestly. Ber.on got one up , V f imptovemeut ,8 t0 be.tbe resut.
and had full control, and with one other man, j . C0Iltinue aud perpfctua,e the good
Linden, ran it, violating every law adopted for I - already engrafted in an animal, It is
its government. Every other member left it in , i4ndiapen.ably Necessary that the same disorim
disgust in consequence of its corruptions, even , , judgment in , selection and manage
to the Secretary. He then reviewed the ment of breeding animsls, which has accom
tempt to blackmail the Knox & Boyle owners, I urf tfa nt lmprovementl be continu-
commenting very severely upon Berton s ap-1 ",, . .f mh :.',.., i,F,i
community and m accordance wim ineir amy r fl t on thepartof breeders have been brought
as journalists to the public. I now discharge to ft hjnh state 0f perfection, should recollect
them from custody. fthat care aud skill are still necessary to tho
' .pisispreity mronglangunge." but we should ,, 8Uch Btock jn ita pn4ntim
mdge by the testimony that it was warranted d condition.
Mr. Berton, who was "Vice Consul of trance" one who mato3 tbo attempt were
at Sacramento, the capital of this State, has ..,'.. conduct the business of breedine
endered his resignation and it is about time i
lhat he did. The Chronicle has the credit of
unearthing this fraud and of bringing the
thing before the community in such a light
that it would not be misunderstood. Sci.Press.
Gas on Railway Cars.
On one of the railways in Prussia the cars
have been lighted by gas for about a year.
The experiment has been so successful that
there is little doubt of tho ultimate exclusion
of all kinds of oil lamps on the railways of
Germany. The gas is manufactured expressly
for the purpose from oil, being a richer hydro
carbon than common street gas. It is com
pressed to six atmospheres in cylindrical re
ceivers five feet long, and from 1634 to' 20
inches in diameter. If more than two receivers
are to be conuected, the connecting tubes are
of one-fourth inch bore, very strong. A regu
lator is introduced intermediate between the
burners and the receivers, in which the re
quisite low pressure is maintained so steadily
that all the tremors and shock to which the
cars are subject produce no perceptible effect
npon it. This regulator consists of a cast-iron
circular vessel 10 inches in diameter and six
inches in hight, the open top of which is closed I
mW hiid tho voiit rt
gas tight by a flexible membrane loosely
stretched
The middle point of the membrane .
is armed with a metal disk, connected with a
leveracting on the supply valve communicating I where Mr. Allen says; "The third resolution,
with the gas holder. The weight of the mem-1 which in reality was the chief point of interest
brane and its connections is made sufficient to that brought the convention together," etc.
furnish all the pressure needed to maintain I This resolution, as reported by the committee,
the efflux at the burner. When the supply in reads' thus:
the regulator is low, the supply valve is opened That the ancestry of the animals should be
by the depression of the membrane. As tho traced, on both sides, to imported animals, be
gas streams into the regular the membrane ' for they can be entitled to registry,
rises, and the supply valve is gradually closed. About the same thing was offered at Cincin
The illumination is thus maintained even more nfm, was passed, reconsidered, and then lost
steadily than the gas jets in the cities, though i by ? vote of 31 to 29. The above is referred
the pressure in the gas holders of course gra- ' to not to advocate or oppose said rule, but to
dually foils off. A single bolder of six to nine show there was very great dissatisfaction among
cubio feet capacity will supply a burner for 45 tUo breeders with the way the Herd Book was
to 07 hours. The intensity of the light, by conducted, and they were aiming to correct it.
photometric determination, is equal to that of An examination of the twelfth and thirteenth
ten caudles, while that of ordinary coal gas, , volumes will show how little was accomplished,
burnt at the same rate and under similar cir- and will convince any one that whatever
cumstances,is but about 3 candles. The reform the breeders thought they weie secur
burners in actual use give about seven candles i iDg, they were in point of fact securing abso
light; the Argand lamps usually employed give lut-ly nothing.
a light of only four candles. The whole ap- We all know that these "peddlers and
paratus, except the burners and their protecting scavengers" in Short-horns rely in their busi
lanterns, is placed beneath the curs. There ( nes on the fact that their grades are in the
seems to be no possibility of danger from its Herd Book. Can wo stop it ? We can try,
use, except such as might result from ex- though. Why, when the breeders' convention
plosion. li. Ii. Register.
Comets and the Comet of 1874.
. , Z ',. . ... , . . i
W. Tegg & Co., an English publishing house,
has collected in a little treatise about all that
is known as to the matter and motions of those ,
erratic and little understood bodies called
AAaun.i. T nllm.!.... .... n.1 lata AAm.tn.n '
visitor, we are informed"ou the authority of
Father Secohi and Br. HuBeins that the sdcc-
trum ofits nucleus resembles that of carbon;
and they also found that about one-sixth of its
light, wa3 polarized. Xhe laws of cometary
motion are even less understood than their
chemical constitution, for they change their
paths as well as their aspects so often and so
widelyjthat identification' is impossible, Borne
irtare even - BaspectecV-wHE- good reason, to be
wandering visitors of .many more sideral sys
tems than that of-ourown sun, and many of
them are suspected tt have parabolic and by
perbolio 'paths which never return into them
selves.; r Joe, continuous changes', which they
assume nnder observation are curious and un
accountable, and no less so in their behaviour
in. spproaohing or receding from the tun,- which
'sets all thebries ot gravitation at defiance. The
vibration of their tails and other phenomena
connected with that'ppenoage also perplex the
minds of astronomer. Occasionally comets
x have come very near the earth. Indeed, it is
stated on high authority that the earth passed
through the tail of the comet of 1861 on the
evening of.tbe 30th of June .of that year, and
Arago Eos suggested wheiber the extraordinary
mists which in 1783 and 1831 covered a large
part of. Europe may not have been the result of
an admixture of the vaporous particles of .com
ets with the terrestial atmosphere. Comets are
further considered, as respects the length or
shortness of their periods, and as to their dens
ity or rarity, and the various theories of Her
Bc'hell, Laplace, and others,, described and dis
cussed. Of their numbers we are told, in the,
c words of Kepler, that they are u numerous as
fish in the sea; a statement to which is added
the further one that most comets of our system
are visible to us. bnt the impression left on
the mind, after a recapitulation of the observa
' tions that have been made npon comets, Is that
no reasonable hypothesis has yet been con
structed regarding them.
STOCK BrEEDEfS.
A Word on Cattle Breeding.
In connection with farm-management, the
keeping of cattle is followed quite extensively,
but in few oases with any system calculated to
improve the oharacter ot the stock. Let good
judgment be extrcised in the selection of ani
mals, and any breed can be improved provided
the care and keeping to, which they are sul ject
is such as is adapted to their wunts. D not
breed your stock too young, if yon would have
them bring and mature an offspring superior to
themselves, l would not advise any man, who
bin not resolved to care well for his stock, to
pnrchise any already highly improved animals,
for their posterity will deteriorate as rtadily
as a hitherto well-kept farm in the hands of a
negligent farmer. In fact herds are jn-t what
the care of their owners hae made them.
In Texas, with a superior climite, the cattle
are loug-legged and have monstrous horns. In
the more northern States, where the climate is
less favorable, stock is a shade better, because
receiving better care. How common it is to
see the marked difference in the stock of neigh
b rs, all the result of breeding and care, and
perhaps at no greater expunse with one than
the other, yet making a difference of one third
in market value of the animals. How lully
these
things prove that care of animals have
. . j5 .UU 4Un i...m... nf lw.
b . j mean ,he ,rhoice of partntg
',,.. I, ,u V...i .ru ,. i.J!,i,!i.
nnnillllL! Ill LUD UClUl (Id II VIA tl 1VVUIUA Tiutto
'-,,- matter how far it mav have been
conducted will surely toll back whenever the
art and skill which gave it progress Bhall cease
to operate. Persons who avail thoniselves of
the improvement made by others in purchasing
animals, which by judicious and long continued
-alR . tha be,t manner. the Dresent hmh
. . ."
prices tor superior breeding stock could not no
obtained, xuiriy and iorry mousanu-uoiiar
cows could not bo often seen; but the fact is
comparatively few are poBsesstd of the knowl-
I edge aud skill necessary to success in breeding
BtocK. xne siocain ineir minus, msietiu oi im
proving, as under proper management'it would
do, they fall back, and resort must again be
had to the stock herd or pens of the mure suc
cessful breeder. I presume few animals receive
as much feed as would be profitable to the
owner; I also believe much is lost by the un
comfortable condition in which many keep
their stock. Close and unventilated stables
and cold and dirty stvs are too common. Cor.
QermamXoien Telegraph.
Rule Governing Admission of Pedigrees.
There is not a Short-horn breeder, I sup
pose, who will deny that the great object in
calling a convention of breeders, at Indiana
polis, was to do something for the better man
agement of the American Herd Book. Judg
ing from the resolution reported by the Com
mittee on Pedigrees, this meant to stop the
registration of erodes
and scrubs, Should
there be anv doubt, it will onlv be necessarv
to refer to A. H. B., vol. xti, page v (published
some months after said convention adjourned),
i meets at Springfield let us pass a resolution,
I and say pUinly and emphatically what we, as
breeders, "do consider a Short-horn." Say
seven, eight, nine, or ten crosses to thorough-
bred bullB or lrao6 to imported dam and sire.
No matter wbicn of these we adopt, it will not
8tc tha tntry 0f grades in the Herd Book, but
ns :,,, Vou are living it will ston the sale of
, them. "Some Pedigree" inNal.Live Stock Jour,
.. T .n .. ... . -r . m . w
A wab cloud seems to hang over Europe just
ut this time, growing out of the apparent un
friendly relations between Itussia and Ger
many. If a war should break out between
lhesektwo countries, not only France, but'most
likely several other continental powers, would
become involved. The repeated assurances of
the "Great Powers" of, the prospects of long
continued peace, while differences and annoy
ar ces are known to exist, only 'serve to create
still greater uneasiness., ,
Tub situation in Louisiana can be pretty well
understood, when'it ib stated that the tax levy
this year for State purposes foots up 7 per
cent. This does not include the tax in cities
for municipal purposes." Can any one be sur
prised that the people are dissatisfied? This
rate of taxation is in excess of the usual inter
est in most of the States of the Union,
The great cotton case now before the U. S.
Supreme court involves from $12,000,000r to
1d,000.000. If the case is decided favorably
it will throw this vast' amount into the bands
of a few individuals, who havo bought up the
claims for a mere song "and that's the way
the money goes."
A Sax Feaxcisco prodigy, " General t)ot,"
the rival of Tom Thumb, is creating a sensa
tion in Paris. His real name is Leopold Kobn,
and be was born in San. Francisco, his parents
being both of full size. Dot weighs eighteen
pounds.
As an illustration of the extent of the jute
manufacture, it mv be stated that 100,000 tons
of the fibre have this year been imported into
Dundee alone by direct shipment from Calcutta.
UsEfllL IfifOfJsJION.
Origin of the Circular Saw.
The origin of the circular saw an invention
which might justly be compared to the locomo
tive and the teltgrnph in its importance to man
kind has been of late the subject of conaid. r
able discussion, jn our own columns nnJ else
where. We have an interesting communication
on this topic from Mr. S. C. Barton, of Peter
son, Minn., who wiites: "In a recent isne,
under he head 'The Invention of the Circular
Saw.' yon remark 'the credit of this invention
has been given iu some quarters to a citizen of
Vermont, now dt ceased.' I think this reftrs
to Win. Kendall, late of Fairfield, Maine, ne
died, I think, within the past year. As long
ago as I can well remember perhaps about
the year 18'25 h6 lailt a circular saw mill at
Wattrville, Maine. His first saw was seven
feet in diameter, built of plates of iron, riveted
together at right angles, beinj made, thin at the
outer edge, but about six inches thick in tho
middle, where it fitted the arbor. It was'made
pliin on one side and onical on tho other, bo
that the board had to be spruug from the s.iw
as it was out. It could therefore only be used
in cutting thin stuff. The teeth w ere fitted to
the outer edge of the saw, something as the
saw-manufacturer, Emerson, now fits teeth To
steady the saw, he built a poworful force pump
to throw a very small jet of water on the oppo
site sides of the taw. He afterords either re
built or enlarged his saw to nine feet diameter.
It, was driven with a wheel of his own inven
tion with a half cross belt from n drum on the
upright shaft. It was not a success. He was
a noted water wheel man as well. He took out
a patent on his wheel and" made considerable
money from it; but I think be did not save
mnch. If I am wrong regarding the date of his
invention, some of the older nitizens of Water
ville can put me tight." Vffel A'etcs.
Protection of Wood Joists.
Mr. James John, architect, of Chicago, has
given a publio test of his newly invented
method of protecting wood against fire by wire
lathing nud plaster. A paper of that city
speaks as follows:
"Mr. James John gave a public and very
thorough test of his new patent concrete filling
for the protection of a wood joist and celling
against fire. A brick building 12 1-2 feet square
aud 11 feet high, with two windows and a door,
and two floors of wood joist, was erected in the
vacant lot opposite the City Hall, the joist of
both floors being filled with the fire-proof con
crete. The entire spaco inside was then filled
with combustible material and set on fire. Tho
fire burned over an hour und a half, reaching a
degree of intense bent; hut neither of the floors
were injured. It is claimed by Mr. John, and
this severe test goes to demonstrate it, that
hrick buildings with ordinary wood joist in the
floors, if protected in this manner, will resist
the progress of fire even better than buildings
erected with iron beams. The tire cannot, it is
claimed, communicate from one floor to the
other, and the joists remaining in their places,
the walls will be left standing. Iron beams,
when subjected to intense heat, expand or sag,
olten bringing tho walls down with them; but
the concrete filling is said to be absolutely im
penetrable and immovable by fire or heat.
The cost of such a structure is said to be about
half that of iron beams, while the experts pres
ent gave their fall approval to this style of
structure."
Cleaning) Bottles. Many persons clean
bottles by putting in some small shot and shak
ing them around. Water dissolves lead to a
certain extent, and a film of this lead attaches
itself to the side of the bottlo so closely that the
sousing or rinsing wiiu water noes not demon
it, and it remains to be dissolved by any liquid
with the least Boumess in it, and if drank lead
poison may be the result; sometimes a shot be
comes wedged in at the bottom of the bottle, to
be dissolved by wine or oider. Therefore it is
better to wash every bottle, as soon as emptied,
with warm water and wood ashes, or saleratus.
and put the bottles away, mouth open aud
downward; but be careful to wash again when
used, as flies and other insects frequently get
into bottles. Clippings of iron wire are a bet
ter means of rinsing. They are easily had and
tho cleaning is rapid and, complete. The iron
is attacked by the oxyeu of the air, but the fer
ruginous compound does not attach to the sides
of tbo bottle, and is easily removed in washing,
besides a little oxidized iron is not injurious to
health. It has been found that tbo slight
traces of iron left have no apparent effect on
the color of red wines; it has on white wines
but very little, and it might be better to use
clippings of tin for the latter.
To Make Good Cabtinq. The carelessness
that produces rough castings is most inexcusa
ble. Well mixed facing and care in moulding is
the whole o f the secret of having clean castings
with a fine bluish surface. The foreman who
constantly produces casting that require pick
hammering to free tbem of sand that has
burned itself to the metal, does not understand
a most important feature of his trade. The
roughest of nil work is rough castings; and yet
the remedy is simple care in moulding and
good facing constitute the whole of it large
work as well as small can be made nico and
smooth in green sand by attention to theso two
tnings, and me amount ot alter labor that can
be saved is no inconsiderable matter. No man
is worthy to be a foreman who does not appre
ciate all that can be done in the way of pood
foundry work by attention to caro in moulding
and well mixed facing. American Jauuioc
furer. ' ' i
Limb Deposits in Watkb Pipes. It has been
pointed out by M. M. Fabre and Itocho, with
reference to deports of Hind in lead water
pipesthat wherever' there isa joint in the pipes
made to connect tin'conductors or copper fau
cets, at such points carbonate of lime is most
abundantly deposited. If a piece of Bilvtr be
placed inside in contact with the lead pipe it
will become covered with the carbonate in a
very short time. The investigators find that
all metals, electro-negative with relation to lead,
are thus affected, A voltaic couple is in fact
formed,' and a veritable chemical precipitation
caused;
War boots, says sn authority on the subject,
should not be dned by the fire, as this is a mis
take. When the boots are taken off fill them
quite fnll of dry bats. This grain has great
fondness for damp, and will rapidly absorb
every vestage of it from wet leather. As it
takes up the moisture it swells and fills up the
boot like a tightly fitting last, keeping its form
good, and dries the leather without hardening
it. In the morning shake out the oats and
bang them in a bag near the fire to dry, ready
for the next wet through.
Thickness of. the Walls or Ibom Clam.
The heaviest armor yet attached to tbo turret of
any iron clad in Euronean waters is U inches.
The thickest American iron clad turret is 15
inches. The Steven's Battery now nearly fin
Uhed in New Jersey, and belonging to that
State is to have a turret with walls of iron
from 16 to 18 inches in thickness.
Adjusting the Habnkss to thk House.
Every part of a harness should be buckled up
shorter or let nut nut.l tho harness fits the
horse as nearly as a pair of boots that aro of
the proper Bize for one's feet. Toe collar
should fit closely, with space enough at the
bottom to admit a man's hand. II too large
it basthe badefTcct of drawing the shoulders
together. On no consideration should a team
or auy workhorse be compelled to wear a mar
tingale, as it draws trie head down and pre
vents him from netting iuto an easy nud nat
ural position. The check rein may bo used,
but only tight enough to keep tho head in a
natural position, and should nover be wound
around the hiuies. See that the hames ore
buckled tight enough at the top to bring the
draft irons at the J roper point on the side of
tho collar. If too low, it not only intorfores
with the actiou of tho shoulders, but gives the
'ollar an uneven bearing, Caution should bo
taken that the girth is not buckled too tight,
particularly on string teams, for when the
tr.ice-. are straightened it has tho tendency to
draw the girth against tho belly and distress
the horse.
DopEsjic EcofiopY
Cooking Eggs.
Eggs bear a relation to other animal food
similar to that which seeds bear to other vege
table food. They are the depositories of vital
ity, stored up to form a new link in the con
tinuation of the species. They aro probably
the purest form of animal food, though they
compare unfavorably with seeds in many re
spects. They lo'o their vitality sooner, aud
they partake moro or less of whatever impuri
ties may have belonged to the animal that pro
duced them. They are not so nutritious as
some of the seeds, and they require moro care
iu cooking.
Like seeds, ono ot their principal ingredients
is albumen, which is neaiiy pure in the white;
but, unliko vegetable albumen, it coagulates
with heat; if the heat fs great, becomes so hard
as to be extremely difficult of digestion, llouce
eggs are moro easily digested raw than cooked,
and hence also the objection to hard boillug.
Dr. Beaumont found bits ot hard-boiled ogg
white, no larger than a pea, sometimes re
mained in the stomach after overytbing else
had yielded to the action of the gastrlo juico.
Such logio is unanswerable. He deduced from
it the importance of careful mastication. We
women can go a step further and find in it an
intelligent re.ison for so cooking tho eggs that
they will not requiro this extra care. Fried
eggs are still worse than thoso which aro boiied,
both because subjected to a greater degree of
heat, and because of cooking fat into them,
Even in tho common method of boiling them
rapidly in "three and a half minutes" tho albu
men next the shell is quite too hard. It should
be uniform and custard-like, and this is secured
by the method, now becoming quite common,
ot merely letting the eggs stand from seven to
ten minutes in hot water. This should be
boiling hot at first, but tho cool eggs reduces
its temperature somewhat. The exact time re
quired will vary with the relatlvo proportions
of eggs, and water with tho size of the eggs,
with the heat and thickue-s of the utensil used,
with the warmth of the. place whero it stands,
und with tho weather also, a littlo more tima
being required in dull weather. The cook will
soon learn What allowance to make for her uten
sils; and for the rest she must uso her judg
ment every time. They are not so easily spoiled
however, as in boiling. If left in a littlo too
long they can be plunged in cold water for a
minute or two. If kept hot until the yolks
stiffen, the yolks will not be hard. The yolk
should be cooked just enough not to break
rapidly when turned out. These aro properly
speaking, not "boiled eggs," but "cuidlod
eggs."
theso curdled eggs make
dressing for many breakfasts
samp, oatmeal mush, cracked
an admirablo
dishes boiled
who it, and es
pecmlly for small horninv. The gontle method
of cooking egg may also bo observed in making
egg-toast. Have the milk almost boiling, iu u
flat dish, and break iu tbo eggs ono by one,
cooking a few at n time, and boing careful not
to let tneui run together. Sprinkle in a little
salt, and let them stand hot and covered until
firm enough to tako up without breaking. Thou
have ready some split batter biscuit (gems),
soitemd in hot milk and laid on a platter, and
whu the eggs are done dish them ono on each
half of a biscuit and servo warm. This is a
handsome dish, and though not quito so digest
able as hominy dressed with efgs curdled in
the shell, it is still fur better tbanfried potatoes
and gridillo cakes that form tho staple of ho
many breakfasts. Science of Health.
Bread Muffins. Tako four slices of bakor's
bread, and cut off all tho ciust. Lay thorn in a
pan and pour boiling water over them, but
barely enough to soak them well. Cover tbo
bread, and after it has stood an hour, draw off
the water, and stir tho soakod bread till it is a
smooth mass; then mix in two tablespoousful
of sifted flour, and a half-pint of milk. Un ing
beaten two eggs very light, stir thorn gradually
into the mixture. Grease somo muffin-rings;
sot them on a hot griddle.and pour into each a
portion of tho mixture. Baku thorn brown;
send them to tho tnblo hot; pull tbem open
with jour fingers, and spread on butter. They
will be found an oxcellent sort of muffin, ver j
light and nice.
Delawahe Biscuit. Take as much flour as
will do and nse judgment with regard to the
amount oi lard, borne folks like more somo
less. They are neither so light nor good when too
greasy. But salt to tho tisto und rub it all to
gether, then add cold water slowly and us little
as will possibly answer. Make th dough so
very stiff that you can neither knead nor beat it,
with any1 comfort, until it is set away awhile
some twenty or thirty minutes, when it softens
a littlo, Then heat it until it iu very light,
make out tho biscuits aud bake in a quick
oven, which had better be too hot than too
oold. Cover up the dough when set by to
soften. They buko in fifteen or twenty in in
utes, if not too large, and when done they fuel
very light.
Spanish Purrs. Put into a saucepan a tea
cupful of water, hulf u foaspoonful of salt, and
two ounces of butter. While boiling add suffi
cient floor for it to leavo the saucepan; stir iu
ono by one the yolks of four eggs, drop a tea
spoonful at a time into boiling lard, fry them a
light brown, and pour white wine and melted
butter over tbem,
No Appetite fob Bueaxtast, No judicious
parent would let a child go to school without
breakfast. If there is a habitual lack o' appe
tite in the morning, there is surely some diffi
culty behind it, and it will inevitably lead to
greater difficulties in the fnture. No breakfatt
means a lunch in the forenoon, a lunch means
no appetite for dinner, a little dinner means a
hearty supper and no appetite next morning.
Insist on a light sapper, early rest at night,
and allow no studies and no excursion to pro
eeed, nnleso some food can be taken. The
habit will soon be formed, or there is some
serious disorder, which needs the co-operation
of some good pbyticiso.
Qood HeV-TH-
Importance of Wholesome Beds.
Sleep to the working man is emphatically
Nature's restorer rciuvigorallng tho physical
system, which through mnch toil hiv beoomo
wpiry, and keeping up tho flow; of life and
spirits which are necessary to the performanro
of tho arduous duty of farm-life. A, comfort
able bed, as wo are all aware, conduces groatly
to one's rest. On this subject a recent writer
snys:
Of tbo eight pounds which a mau eats and
drinks each dav, it is thonqht that not less
lhan five pounds leaves his body through the
skin.
And of theso five pouuds considerable per
centage escapes during the night while he is in
bod. Tho 1 irgest portion of this is water, but in
addition there is much effete ond poisonous
mutter. This being in great part giseous in
form, permeates every p irk of the bed, mat
tress, blankets, as well as sheds, which soon
become foul and need purification.
Tho mattress noeds the renovation quito as
mnch as the sheets. To allow the sheets to bo
used, without washing or changing, three or
six mouths would be regarded as bad house
keeping; but I insist if a thin sheet cau absorb
enough of the excretion of the body to make it
unfit for uso in a few das, a thick mattress,
which can absorb and retain a thousand times
as much of those p lisouous excretions, needs
to be purified as ofton, cortainly as onco in
three months.
A sheet cau be washed. A mattress cannot
bo renovated in this way. Indeed, thero is no
way of cloansiug a mattress but by steaming it
or by picking it to pieces, and thus, iu frag
ments, exposing it to tho rays of the suu. As
theso processes are soaroely practicable, with
any of the ordinary mattresses, I deoidedly am
of the opinion that tho good old-fashioned
kitraw bed, which can every fhreo months bo
changed for fresh straw, and tho tick bo
washed, is the sweetest and honlthiest of bods.
If, in tho wintor season, tho porousness of
the straw bods makes it a little uncomfortable,
spread over it a comforter or two woolen
blankets, which should be washod as often as
every two woeks. With this itrrangemont, if
you wash all the bed coverings as ofton as onco
iu two weeks, you will have a delightful,
healthy bed.
Now, if you leave tho bed to air, with open
window during tho day, aud not make up for
tho night before evening, you will have added
greatly to tho sweetness of your rost, aud, in
consoquonce, to the tone of your health.
I heartily wish tho ohango could be evory
whero introduced. Onlv thoso who bavo thus
attended to this important matter can judge of
me lninvuce on the gentlo health and spirits.
Maine Farmer.
Washing the Inside of the Body.
There is no cavity iu the body which water
is not fitted for if you get it in properly. Why,
ono of tho best things you can do is to wash
your blood, and the great folly wo commit in
going through our livos from childhood to
the grave, is that wo do not wash our blood
as wo ought. Infusions of coffeo, tea, ohoco
lato, or cocoa, or cider, or beer, do not wash
the blood, beoause with tho fluid so taken in,
something is carried in also which befouls and
defiles tbo blood. Just let n man say to him
self, "It is Saturday night, I.havo worked hard
all tho weok, and Sunday shrill bo a day of rest
to me. I am now going to give my whole, nys--tem
betwoen .this and Monday morning a good
thorough washing," So ho begins to drink, and
drink, and drinks hut little at a time,-yet be
tween Saturday night and next .Monday morn
ing a healthy man crin driuti without producing
any distmbaucu a gallon of water. Now let
this como iuto and go through his circulation
through his lungs, and slcin, and kidneys,
and bowels, and wasto materials are carried
out and when Monday morning comes, if he
jumps out of bod aud gives his external skin a
good washing, tho water that ho washos in will
1)0 foul, Or if he prefers to test that question
even moro thoroughly, all ho bus to do Is to
take a clean shoef, and then wotting it in good,
soft, puro wator, bo wrapped up in it for forty
eight or sixty minutes, and then havo the sheet
washed iu a tub of wator, and it will color that
water so it will look dirty. Tho man has been
washed insido his blood has beon washed.
When you havo wushud his blood, tissues,
lionet), nerve, muscle, sinew, inembrano mid
bruin, and overytbing in lilm, bo can defy all
postilenco for that weok. The washing of a
person's ouside is twico as necossary us tho
washing of u person's clothes, nud yet there aro
tliose who are very paitioular to have thoir
clothes washed with great euro, who are not at
all particular to wash theuiselvog,
PAnALYsw. Paralysis is becoming a primj
disoaso. It is not confinod to the lloshy, tho
plethoric, nor to tho ugod. Tho fast life of our
business young mon tells on thorn. It is u very
common tiling to sto men of .10 and 33, bald
hoaded, feoble-galted, ond wiilklng about with
ennosf, their, underpiniug knocked out, with
othor signs of premature uge. Those signs of
early weakness doveloi) in iiiirahsis. Hudden
deaths from this cause aro vorv common.
Several have occurred in railroad truins, the
vibration seeming to uredisnosu ntirHous to tho
dlsouso, Not long since a guntlouiau ditd in
ono of our churches. Ho wos interested in a
cane of discipline. He mfido a report to tho
church on the case, sat down, laid his bead on
tho back of tho seat, and instantly expired. In
another caso a man not accustomed to nnblio
speaking arose to relate bi religions exporienco
Ito was ho excited that ho could soircoly speak.
In tho midst of his remarks ho was seized with
paralysis', and carried to his homo.'' Ouryoung
men will have to tone, down their stylo of living
if they wunt to amount to,puv thing,
r y
The Nice. Perfect hoalth domands that tho
clothing about the ntck should be very moder
ate Iu quantity, and worn so loose us to prevent
tho slightest compression. The great) error
frequently committed in clothiug this part of
tbo body consists iu wearing such an amount
as to overheat and weaken the throaf, and thus
render lt'caily susceptible to cold, or in wear
ing it so light n to retard tho circulation of
the, blood to and from the bead. Great care
should be 'exercised upon this .point, as the
arteries and veins leading from the heart to
the brain are situated so near the surface in the
neck that a slight compression tfaore serve's to
check the flow of the blood. Many cases of
congestion of the brain aud headache are
caused by too tight collars and cravats.
Pabaobapes Wohth UiMEMBEiinfO. Benzine
and common clay will clean marble,
CsBter oil is an excellent thiug to often
leather.
Lemon juice and glycerine will remove, lau
and freckles, and will cleanse and soften the
hands.
A dose of caster oil will aid you in removing
pimples.
Spirits of ammonia, diluted a little, will
cleanse the hair very thoroughly.