"MMiiinMf
QOOD HKLTH
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
Cheese as Food.
The Human Frame.
No. 7-The Brain.
In taking up this subjeot we enter upon a
field wherein science has made bnt 1ltH nrn
cress. The brain tulno-i,.,nn.,...,...i .1- Wuficular force to one and three-fourths pounds
-1.1 .. 1 . ? 7" .' 'uu BpB 1 01 beet or muttou, and one and a hnlf pounds
cial organ and throne of the mind, will never ' of poultry; is superior in fat or heat-producing
be entirely understood until tint mv.i..u.. power, nnd has more than ilonhln tlm nntri.
link which binds the flnlto to the infintto shall ' m?nt l?er Pound. And a. comparison of wholo
The Iht Slock Journal has some interesting
analyses of this article of food, with deduc
tions founded thereon, from which we
obtain tho following abstract: It will be
seon if we compare lean boef, or lean mnttaii,
n. litan -mult.- tttlli atala.a aa11L. .1...... .1...
v. avaaa. a......., n.U DftlWIUIlft bUCCalf. lUill
one pound of, this cheese is equal in supplyiug
uiurLumr iuiud iu uub ana mree-iourius pounds
omo acquainted with itself; and sa. ! "k &mm with fat beef, mutton, or pork,
rthe mind endeavors to analyze its 1 5nows " moro than twice as rich in muscular
gin, powers or ruauner of action, it force' nml not inferior, excopt to pork, in heat
aek awe-struok and dized at the 1 or fat-prodncing qualities. It ia mora than
01 1.111,1 tnttnlftf .l.ln1. It.. .. .1.1. twiCO ag V,lll1fl1llrt HO- Iv. tralil aa nnnd
ngiust beyond its limited Lonipariug it with tlie farinaceous grains,
u the subject of deep and chceao is seen to contain two and a half times
tion; and, apart from its ' n.s mucn musole forming food as either wheat
mind, no organ is bettor Uouf' f e wea' Indian meal, b'ltley meal, 0 it
from the skull of tho hu- m ' . or ro,fttoM Hut when wo compare
ta n nina.. nf n 1 1 .I....1 tllfi CarlinnAftnnil m ft I nr nf f 1, .. a n.it ai.l. ..1.
have becomo acquainted
wnenever 1
own oris!
draws back
CllmnS03 Of lllltt Inflnlt-. al.l.l. It.. . ill- twice ag VAlllnltlit liar u-a ln.,1 ao nnna
VIlpfl nild linirllilrtnr l.aa 1...- j i. if i.-i nnmtintlim It ...111. II.. . !.... ...... ...I
horizon. It has been tho subject of deep and cheM0 " seen to contain two and a half times
ouaituiiiy luTcsuauon; i
connection with the mind,
timlersinnil. Tali-an tn,
.------.-. -.. iiuuuiDOKUii Ul IUU uu z , -. . 1-a,....vit., iiui nu7u nil uiruilMru
man body, it presents a mats of a fatly struct- ,uo carbonacoous matter of theso grains-(Btareh,
ure so frail and delicate of organization that wo "gar and fat) with cheeso, thoy may appear
almost wonder how it is preservod from injury uav tuo "dvant 150. Dut ouo pound of fat
or destruction, even among the ordinary oc- " -"'ckoncd by physiologists equal to two and
curreucesofourcvery-day lifejand well illus- one-half pouuds of starch or sugar as food:
trates tho steps by which matter bocomes more nml tliua ,U8 '" -o cheeso, instead of being rop.
and more refined as its connection with mind as- r,f.8cn,c1'' u-' 27.50, would bo represented by CS,-
ouuirEiiiuiijurrnuu ciubut reianon. it is compos- ', ""."" uijuui io tue sinrcn in wueatuour,
ed, ns is woll known, of a gray and a white sub- And uer 'bo dietetic philosopher will perceivo
stance, that are formed Into a Berlcs of convo- S" truo U8B " animal aud concentrated food.
Iutlous, tho shape of which is familiar to all. There is no source from which wo may dorive
Of these two, tho gray is suppojed to bo tho '?e carbonaceous elemonts of humin food ns
actual communicating link botween the mind cheaply n from tho furlnacoous grains. Many
and its servant, tho brain, while the whito con- of lueso Me relatively deflcient in tho nitrogen-
nects this with the coarior tissues. This gray gj" elements giving musonUr force aud power,
matter is made up ol tiny cells, which vary hey are also lers easily digested thm animal
from ono three-hundredth to ouo four-thous- '00,, nUl1 l'roduee their results more slowly j but
nndth of an inch in diameter. Tho whito sub. be'i properly mlngleil with more ultrogenoiu
elnnna .. lili.li ak.. 1.u .1.. . r.tn.l u...l. .. ..111. . . - . . .." ...
TrB Diy.
European Varieties ot Cheese Made in
America.
3
Grass and Hay for Mitch Cows.
...u.v, ""'"'" uj lur.uiB greater part, is ",""' uuk, oueese, ueei, muitou, ihu
composed of delicate lllamonts which aro from nud otnor "" "'cy form a diet leaving noth
one two-thousandth to one ten-thousandth ol ,BR " desired in respect to health or agree-
u men in oiameier. in tuo brain, tho gray -wwiiui.bm. a snnll quantity of chceso
substance is surend moatlv mi tlm mrfara! t takeu with fnrinawnim inn.i wnni.l . .
disposition in tho norves will bo given whon we P-"0!'' balance of constituents to build
take up that subject. sustain all parts of tho system. Less that
Ti wn.1.1 I.a lii.'n..lti. .1)1 ... . naiiti.i.l.i.1.. ........ ....II I. ... . .
It would be interesting, did spaco permit, to
traca inn ovnttitlnn nt il.a l..nt. ,.. .1.. i.M
forms of animal lifo up to that of man, but we
make a
nnd
, , iioBJDicm. AJt-'nl lUIIU UU1I
as muoh cheeso would be rrquiied nabeef, or
mutton or eggs.
Clioese. ttlMrnfnr.. num..,. II. f.n.l. ....II..
obtalncd, appears, ohuulcally, to be the most
(it.ntni.Mn fti clulAt..l.. t...li.t , . .
cuu oaiy givu tuo snauow orau outline. It bo-1 "nincu, appears, oUuulcally, to be the most
KiuiiisuBiuipiegnugiiouol nervous matlor.aud ,l-uBeo m susiaining tuo vital force oi the
is situated near where it is ncedod, regardless of uuu-' system.
any "head." In tho uvo-rayed star-flsh, for LUbig woll siys: " There is a law of nature
ItlCrrmnn llini-A fa n naH.1lHi. . .1. . 1 .. i unirtli fintii.tiMi liUfl. il.lH .1 11 l . x t
litub, ao that ibid fumilUr little tish has the ad- VrttCl1 i"Iou of "c.euco to bring this law homo
iu our ramus; it is her duty to show by win
lltub. ItO Hint (lllrf rtmtltav III. la llol? 1... .1 1
. - ... ... ...bio mbu una ma HU'
vantaee over mankind of nrmixolnr. d. au
tinct brains. A step higher, and ono of theso
ganglia begins to assume n greater size than
the others, uud tho nuimal begins to show
signs of n centralization of iutollect, or in other
" 11 uwm ia Hiiueu to lis orcnnlzilinn
This step is illustrated by some of the molluscs
m, uiiiuuiiiui, un mo .ijntia ana ceutipede. "-""" .""teiii 01 luomotnerH t
Higher yet, and this centrallzttiou b:glns to p"vcrt casein into blood, no foreign
iiGieiouumoreut convolutions, having differ- " required; aud In tho conversion of
- . - - "- ....,, u nt.v. WUI ill IU
ana nnfmnla rnnni an.l. ml... !... i ,1.. .....
stitucuts of their food for tho support of tho vital
functions, aud what the iulliioncos aro which
determine, in accordance with natural law,
changes In tho admixture. Tho young animal
receives in tho form of oiscln (ohceo) tho
ilood. To
substance
the
the
separated,
ud to
earth
mi oinccs; nun 11 is irom a Lalr-spIittlng, un- "omer a wood into casoin, no elomonts of t
kcicutiflo application of this prmciplo that tho ooustituentu of blood havo been soparat
bnaPnllpil laplaiii.tel nf 11I......1..... lin nlio.nI.iillv avdmiL..! .....I., f. i
111 . .. . iuiouuiujj flirilllL'i "-"-"-..... viimiuvii, uuaeiu in IU11UU IU
which now so delights tho souls of ignorant contain a much larger proportion of tho earth
quacks and protended "delineators of charac- houe 8 than does blood, nnd that in a very
ter" This step is Illustrated In tho vertebra- foubo form, capablo of reaching every put
ta. auil euluilniitiia In innn. uIiam .......... 1... of thn liriiti. Tlina nv.111 In illn n.tl... ....1. 1
progressed so far that it is capablo of uuiou rle, tho dovclopmont of tha orgauslu which
witn intelligent, reasoning mind. vittlity is, in tho carnivorous nuimal, depends
:01Ortioii to llin ntnllAC nt fit tti.lt..I.i..i Ulllo cmnnitlnn urttli l.. nliLf MM..dil...1..i
Iu the lualo tho nvorai7A nnlolit u n..rtf of Its blootl.'
TrjE H1SE'
z t:
Itching Manes and Tails.
uy, ounces, in tbe female 41 ounces. ,
Cuvier's brain weicbed rather mnrnllmn fit
ounces, that of Dr. Abercromble C3 ouncis,
aud that of Dupuytrou Qiy, ounces. On tho
other hand, tho brain of an idoit seldom weighs
over 23 ounces. The human brain is henlcr
than that of all tho lower animals, cicept tho t
eieiiunutoua wuaio. inc Drain of tbo former v.. 1. . t .
weighs from 8 to 10 lbs., and that of the whale, !?,? ,e.,r'V'y X T. .boMe.R. wlth W,U,CR
in a specimon 7fl feet long, weighed rather d '?"" luJJ,ly rubbing. From my first
more tl!an flvo pounds. B we'Sue" experience with hor-cs. I hivo been mow or
It can sustain severe inUammations and in- i"n 1 1 y tlloir r"VbinR t1'.0 l)arU' F0"
juries to its substance: some nf tl. mn.t 11 ""'? ''"''."S ." wo ither. I havo carefully
markable recoveries from iuiurits In tlm nimnU ?'eu ."10 Inquirios and ansjrors in tho L'uru
of surgery being those of the braiu. Of these co,,le,orulDK , horses, an
the mo.t famous occurred several years since n'od to find on this subject, 1
in 11.1. a.i t. 1. .1. .. .... ....:" ".'". other, a uroat dlvorsitv nf niiinlnn.
.m iuio uiiiioi 11 is luiu ui mu miner u un. nv . ' .. . f. ---.---.. ... w.
.1 . .. . . . .. ' "v tuo remciltus plv.m in tl. msi In. ii.,1.1....
! 1 ...11 "..":.. , --,"," '"'. '""'"b
iiioiiva nun mill lull KUUd. JUIIRIIIL' Irotll 1UV
'. it
ItlA llinmiantitVA nf Rwlad not.1 T I...1
w..M...b.tllv . r,...n nun 4juuuurK?r
cheese U uow quite extensively carried on in
tltltl Piinnlrr. And it ia an.rl tn 1 ....11 a
r. '' ,- w kv ui cxvciiem
nnalitr nnitA unnni tn nv Mir. t l.MH.t..a
lhe Liaiburgor variety, wheu iu its prltuo cou
to t?n llltn rmitimrMnn at mi it 4. na I 1 11 .1.1 .
cteriorate if kept long after it is fully ripe.
On this account there is cousiderablo risk iu
its importatlouj aud, besides, tho cot is moro
iii .. . vur""-' "'" " Auierioa, rro
bably tho largest quantity of Llmburger made
V . ""-""J iu uuituvru .low 10TK
Jefferson county taking the lead. In previous
numbers of the iJunif we gavo a prettv full
account of tho Llmbnrger faclorios ol Jefferson
county, Bomo of which are icry elaborato and
exrtenivn Rtrnptllrrii. Thnv n-n ...rt.lAlA.l .fi
Luropean plans, though of course much larger
than tho Genuaii etabltalininnla 'l'l.. I.
Suito a number of factories manufacturing
wis oheese in Kmot Ynrlr. ntiil n nnnA n.it.l.
is produced. e do not know to what oxtont
Lilmnurger nnd hwiss cheese is manufactured
at the Vet, but a considerable quantity is
made in Wisconsin. Iu Greouo county alone
moro than half a million pounds wore produced
during the year 1873-lho milk of 1,880 cows
llflniT lian.1 1ir llirt nnriifian V.m II... ... .
yoar it is estimated that the milk of 2,310 cows
-mi uuvuiiu;lm iu uihmi1) aUHUUlirgCr CUCOHO
In tho county of Qreeno. A number ot fac-
tmMd In fttn vImi.iWm l n.l.l.n.1. 11. ...
gaged also in tho manufacture of Llmburger
aul Swiss cheese. Theso varieties of choiso
rrtttl til t 11 it 11 lav-itA tilm. I It A il.. . llu.. .... i
of Amerioui cheese, they being montlv retailed
it airkm l)l ... ikSrt 4a. 4lT .m..,M4. .. .. -.
. ..iuu Mb. veins iu .u ueuiH per pouuil.
Whero experienced nnd skilled Gorman
manufacturers aro employed to tako charge of
manufactories, tho net returns to dairymen de
livering milk nt theso factories aro much
hotter thau at tho ordiuary factories for in iking
Ameriutn chtoso. There are several other
European varieties of cheess that could be
mado in this country with protlt, nnd wo hopo
to sen snmn nf nilr ilntfviimii .iih.ai... I. ii... .
1 .1 .... t '""" "h"h" i.i 111..' I'lll"
ductlou. I lieio is n demand for Edam cheese
In our 1 irgo cities, especially in New York, and
a considerable quautlty of this variety, we
"" SI4.I-II-JU 1 vm nuruuu, iu
puglit to be ublo to malco nil tho cheeto needed
III tllA linillllll. r .1 ... Aa.1.k A.. .1. !
... uv vviiiii.i.i uuu n uuui iu iiiiKn it 01 as
lino flavor and quillty as that which Is pro
duced abroad. It would bo well if some of our
motorics suonui turn their nttentiou tn some ot
tho variotles of Kuropoan cheso for which
there Is a demand in this canutry, but whioh
havo not heretofore boon produced by us.
liural S(ic l'orktr.
. A.co,rrporidcnt of the Utlca Jltrahl holds
thO follllWlnO nrntin. tn waldllnn . !. I .11..
of milch cows on grass and hay. Tho impor
tant point to Western dsiryiueu is one made in
relation to cutting hay when young:
I find that grass aloue, whether green or
onred, answers all purposes the year round (by
grass, I include cloor), with this one impor
tant quaHacatlou-lhat it bo cut green aud well
cured. This makes about half difference; that
is, thoro is about ns much available mibstanco
in one pound of green feed dried, as in two
Hounds when linn T lfnniM 1...1....... ...1.
, ... ....... ntiu. lusillliurn IIUITB
cows havo been kept during the winter on 23
,..., . ,,,,., , ,wr ay, iney were, 01
,oul,,e "ot -n, Rood condition, llut, lustoad,
double tho available tmtrllho substance whloh
an enmil wnlulil !"' w.n.,.io n .... i.i. .
l.AW ...... 1.1 I..... ..... 1.1. I I " ...
. . 1 . .' . u"""i, nun jou would have
had double the uutiitivo benefit, which would
havo brought your cows to a high condition.
Or snpp y tho deficiency by grain, sufficient to
reach this condition, and tho amount would
have been considerably marc thau is usually
fed with old rlpo hny, showing thus that good
green hay takes tho precedence over tho usual
ripe hay and grain, Ixiug besides much cho iper.
iii' v iiriru, 11 01 a goon quality,
and fed all that is wanted, will produce a mail
mum niinntllv nt mill. !... .,,.,,.,..1... ...... 1:... i
11 ill J . ...ll'WI.', .I11I1IIJ Ui
the milk moro thau making up what may bo
lacking in qtnntlt y, so that so far as milk alono
is concerned, grass (green or dried) stands first
as a feed, surpassing all other feeds, whether
single or combined. And it will suslaiu tho
anliuM while giving milk aud while in calf, nnd
rat her when free of tho drain. Grain doubt-
icss would aid lu the f .ttonlug process.
prtlSCELLEOds.
Velocity of Nervous Impulses.
Ilowover slow tho rate of nervous tnovoment
may be, as compared with tho voloclty of linht
or tho still fleoter motion of oleclriclty, it is
nevertheless so rai.lt! that until qulto recently
it was thought to bo Immeasurable, within the
limited range in whioh our observation of it is
possible. Tho most widely separated points In
tho course of any nervo allow but a few feet of
differenci! at limi I".. Un.!.... !.. M..1..1 j
sntlon or volition; nnd tho nervous impulso
fpAVAlll i- nll.nl.1u 1. . .t. .
; iii-Kijr um bucu smau aistauces
would seem tn bo wholly annihilated. To our
conciousness n prick on tho great too is disooy.
ered ns promptly as ono on the cheek; and it
is only by tho intervention of tho most delicate
and iugouions of mechanic tl contrivances that
tho difference iu tlmo is mado apparent,
In all tho early experiments on motor nerves
the leg of a frog had been used. In 1807, Uaxt
iiui ut'ituiiuiiz npmirii mo tost to man, using
11 1
not
ovnrv
Homo of
a premature discharo nf n lilimt l.n.l n m,...,.
i- 1 ..1 .!.?.. r . ' r "-I-
1111T iruii iivf'r lirn ifir nnn n..., n. 1.1.1. ... -a" ... uuhhiku iiafiii
diameter drheu entirely through his skull from ?"," "P"'. l '""k Ij'jyo a betttr one. It
blniv iimvnr.li n..,i ,.f.n a,...?. ."".. ' "otter for tho roason that it is uhean. n wjv.
co; ered and lived Heveral years after tho nccl- "', "',;,C,'V.y, n ? 'H0'1 V ,ho ,,l.1ci"",,
dent. His skull Is now in a museum at lloston K ", ?'"ltal" l"? iMmw. Without
where it is lept as a curiosity to show the fiar n""n.PuB couvinco ho reader of tho oiuse
fill apertures iiado through it by tho iron as it f, ,,Sh',,i"? ,D me nu', ai or ,0 l,w'u ,a "',",
entered and made its exit. ho beliejo no remedy is good, without ills a
I'oisomno nv Cawmuo Acid.-A patient In a J,mPoiiiid of uiauy ingredients difflcult to ob.
hotpital. through mlstakeof thonttendcu t. took t'i" n'"1'1'0'0 lliffln' lply. I Rivo the rm-
.. tablespooufufof a solution of ouo par tof Vh . "V1, l' !?"?UM of ,H "Pi'lleatlmi, and
carbolic acid and six parts of water, iusttnd of ,Lr.J ' ', . ' Jhat many a horso owner will bo
u infusion of semif.. A burnlug sensation in i,1",,ld ,,h ,Uo ri,"U whcu Ile " trinl Its
the throat, vomitlnc. and coutrHntion nf tl. ,n'.
pnpils of tho ojes en.ued. As soon ns medical , ,, cwmon "ewsene nnd put it in a spring
aid was nt hand, tho stomach was cleansed P01 T "l1 u, such as can bo found In tho
three times with water, by tho aid of tho pump. V. " ul "-, ,.R or roP,uS 'nchlne,
Mill tho patient sutlered -evcre pain, and l,U " ' "" ,cVile', h,onoU.' ?,r .ftt ""' ,httr''"
came inseusiblo to light. Tho pulso became st-roi, ' ko .',ho , itcb "f ,,lil iu ono hanJ and
rnp.,1. A cold, clammy swea dee sleep' and 'V'Vh!i .rf','.0 iUKtUo HmM e"a
finally death ensued. A poit-mortem iia ml- ',hJocl will lie the highest; then squirt tho
uMiouoftho9outoutsof tL Vtomach. of ho J """ tho doik. In 1. u
lner, tho heart and veuons blood, and of he -mllf ,iluo. wi" "Pdofiily all over tho taif.
urine was made. No carbolic acid was de? ,1.uo P"t tho mane if also diseased, and put
tt-cted except iu tho stomach, from which it ',f?,,;5lo,1S l ,Ul IonK.,,V' A "
was lufemd. either that tho acid had not bee ??V,l,y "'" A! Mi! "I,1re,i rt'ftd ' ,n"J w'
diffused through tho system, or that it had been lt !',rjr B,'V T,U? kotuo ' . l
diffasediu so small quantity ns to "sen 0 dc- ft ,l? 0r 1""""llt,,il ''?, '". ' ''
tcction.-lmrr. C.rmW. 9jI ' ro not washed. This, howucr, nil careful
horsemen will do ns a matter of uealnoss,
Tnnsrso op Unix . i .,.- ! llk "0J.n.f-" JtUo tail will look
11, ; . "--.. aitunuKu ..u nuipo iuiiu 11 uu uiiiiiicuiion iiaaiieen mane
t. "AtSOmOof the eollccn 11,,. Ir.il,.ln,. Om. n, lun n..U.I '..' 1." .'..",.
mjs. "Atsomoof the colleges tho training of
the racing crews is about ns follows: In the
. ISr.,t.,ra nn ..a... ...nil. ..f . 1. .. . ..
WV'""K van) lima, ui uu UOUr S length,
ftt noon a quiskir walk of half an hour, nnd In
the afternoon a pnll of seven or eight miles,
alter which comes a bath nnd a good mbbiug
down. The system of diet is rather one of pro.
scription than prescription. Certain articles
well known to be uuwbolesomo aro proscribed.
Other things may bo eaten. Pastry, tobacco,
coilee. tmrn. nut. nil ailoiiilania i.u ,.i ...
. r---- - .... ..MUU...O ...V IMIVU IJUI.
Tho crew pulls a plalu forward and back stroko,
. ,.,,, (HIM I1CUU lUUIIC.
IJllil nr (un niitilipntln.w ., A I.. ....... i
, . . .. ...........,Ui. mm iu nivij (.'line, ill
my experience, either cured, or nt least been
Altnt1.li.ll aatill, ,-, HHal.A. .11 a
...iviiucii nuu icij Buusiuciory results. ror.
Hartil Attc-York.tr.
Treatmenl of Colts.
Colts should bo handled when quito young;
better conimenco nt onco with them, ami teach
them to expect nothlug but klnduoss at your
hands. Don't try to "breik them," as tho
with no iMdalitteniin,!n:rXX;r.rn.r: BJiu ' .bu' Pleutly tmch them what Is
points, makinc conerallv 3 strokes to Jt 0IP,c,,ea tuein-lxoaH, let them repose
minute." To gth?swaydd "ha a crow S'! l0,,,, 'M thP' m?y ,rUBt 'ou n'"1
trained in the manner described woi Id to I Iml & 'v 'i?,aDd'Lg i'" ""tart few
small chance of winning a race, at leas against Zl iik 1. 2' Jhy,a Vti Uamo fo,r tll0',"i
a crew in perfect condition Th , rniTft .' l ' . . ' Ltt ,llcm he!lt 'our voice tho
now- nearly always X ded ."to two nti ?0t "'f. be,Ur' ! ,.tat,U is Ren,I- a,ve tUf ra
morning and afternoon, ami male so d fnL 'aufutly some little tit-bits from your hand
never to5 tire the men-S most taportan Snt ttu'whrfJS.m' r PP V carrot'1or "u ,l,,in
according to uew-school theory and prict ce il0 Th 3fi!if ,Ut.w' "u.d weh they
Th? diet is but little restrict UutPI c ow come aT "ii '& U t0 '"0W 'ou'
arB.pSgSKSaS "yiebaTshaiwti llirt0UiTe bvvauch -n M0
at a disadvantage when pitted against those ""S."''" firm, gentle and patient
who know how to make the best use of their wi'h ,hem- on rol your own temper always,
.trength. ThewfaavSinprrionthat ?n1 .a,?.D tho ?"? c,on,ro1 ,thel"- I)ou'
ntjUV' as it is termed, is mere R for "uow- W.. ,hfm "' ,eftoU,tbem ,ricLs-wWcu "'-J'
tbe 'truth is that a well, rained "SJ Ltl iZi & ?Tv&?Ji&mW ,toIIici10J!8,i""
w.ute an Inoh of movement nor a particle of 8I NUon Joa B'oo nera 'loitwithcuo,
male. but simply rows in the manner which ' ?'". leS?U t0 ,hard' ."VT ,allf ," c
experience has 'taught is thTmTst effc-ctive ?8,Ver th,6 f,riU ,or, JoiDUT-. ,M affor(1
Sheer strength may sometimes win n Binlu i !? f01,16 'ueIer- " U all noneena.
scull race; but a tily successful I ew is one him ?,. 1 ,?"! 'nURhfn,BS C.0,,U, ,7,e,P0,,nf
which rows with precision. I ?," "l"i wither, coarse, taintej fooi, au3
' other privations. It is a good way to tlunl
"PBKvtsnvE medicine." ss D,. n.n e.',.t.?ii.!?.!!S them. Scelhat good
?-di .aiiJ-!? -a:exhau,ti-vV-pVl of them whi? TulTZZ SSJTl
The Prices Obtained for Young Bulls.
Tho following oxtrict from a correspondence
in tho Country Utntltman was written by ono
of tho most successful breeders of Short-horn
cattle iu tho country:
Tho siles of a few wcoks pist havo demon
trntod thnt tho Short-horn interest is coering
a largo union id of territory, nnd that it is losing
nothing iu tho siclnlty where tho h ilea are
linlil. ns At rni.li nun I. lint.- en nf l..nl 1.1.1 1....
aro seen nnd many purchases are mado by them.
Tho great difference In tho price of bulls nud
.vnn ia luiiuuuuiuu uu iij nuiuu as a oati omen
fla rilllinna (n livn.t.lnvu .tll. It. a b........l. .1. -a
.... ... . a.. a-. ,.v., ....(, IUU I1-I1I1IIK IIJIll
there aro ton many of them, ami th it tl.m-
should ba castrated, oto. I think qulto tho re
verse. Ihh!iiuhii ulinr.i tllll nllll.lal Iu ...11 .........I.
-. 7--" '- "" -....a.., tn ..I'll U11UI1K1
bred with form, color, etc, sufllclont Io inako
uuu j;.""! euuugii to go to tno iiead or u Hhoit-
linr.l ll.,a(1 ll (a. lltA AWMna.lt... A. 1.1 A . II.
"" - " vavriMiuii mr uuu to unng
prices that cannot bo aflorded by hii breidur.
This is as it should bo, for unless ho is a com
bination of all that is good ho should lake bin
riuiK uuiong tuo uigu grauea and common cows
of tho farm.
Almost nuy breeder can tako n dcsirablo cow
or hclfor with ndvantago into bis herd nt a ren
sonablo price hence thoy are customcrant tho
sales, with ideas educated up to better prices
thau notice. Not so with bulls; they (tho
nnd cheaper clu-s of bulls then find customers
among lhe fanners, who can always uo them
to good advantage on their native und grade
cows, and not being educated ns to the
real advantage in their use, do lint pay al
first what should be pild for such stock, 'but
having onco usod a thoroughbred bull they aro
suro to bo bolter customer, forever aftorwnrds.
T!vnn tlirmtnli Pn.itr.il tlll,ntu .1 i..
., ..a...n.a aa ., ai.l.J.Nal I, C I U H
scarcely ono good Hliort-horn bull to a town,
shlu, whilo thoro should bo one wiihlu a short
lllHtfltirn nf nvprv f.r.iinra fttttta If ..! ... ..
.. ... v.. .......v. n vunn, , U U UllTY
in, uuu nun win iiuhhit IIIO quostlou Of the
iininbor being too largo. Who can say then
that it is not botttr to put tho jouug bulls up
nt public snlo nud sell them, tbougli they do
not bring so hrgo prices at iiret-ent ns wo would
ike -to havo them at work as missionaries,
lirllinllll. 111.111.11. I., In lliu fn.. ...... I . I.. . . - 1
-"n-"! tv-fj ... (.v .uituvill J'UUKtHNWUO
use thtni, and thereby making tlim betttr cus.
tomers to all future sales, than to havo them
bottkd up In onr barns waiting bettor prices.
lUmi ov Till. Cities Onn of our colempora
rios, in oommuutiiig on tho high prices hoiuo.
TiiKOnioivorDi-oiii-ssfs-A writer iu the
.UdrA.' 7.IH Ajt)r i.lv.ia ll,.. ..II.... 1... 1. 1. 1....
nt lltu ti,ul a...l.....l7. 1 11. a,. . .
--. ...v ii iiiimiuiu laiuuy ot Duori-norns.
He says: "As tho Duchess tribe Is so famous,
aud cells nt such enormous prlefs, I
nuy here glvo a few parllcnl irs couoernlnu It.
The first of the family wo bear of, was bought
by Charlts Colling irom tho Duko of North
muberlaud's agent nt Slanwlx, n ninssire, short
epgl ow, of a yellowlsh-red color, with the
breast mar tho ground. 8ho had a wldo back
mid was a great grower. Colling called hor
"Uuohos,"iid had often described her to
llajesasn very superior nuimal, particularly
n her handling, and told him ho cDUsidore.l
her tho best rfiir hn lin.t iivd? ...ii !... ii..i i...
could never breed so good aoow from lur.
bhe was descended from tho old stock o( Sir
Ilalliri.. Sl,,ltll,a.a.a .at U...... t nil .a .
. . .......nii. . .muni ii. iiiumas units
bought from Colling ono ot the descendants nf
this cow In 1 st id ,,. inn ...,i. ...... 1...1 1 .
, .? , "W. " niiiuii. Ul'lllU
n.u,4 lueiiiiuiieit ns ueing such n lino dairy
auliual. and ho bc.i?bt another at Colling's h lie
'" I81.0: ,lor th0 'l,,,tfr LlS I"1''' IM Rulneas.
nndstjedhor"nuchosslirst," and from her
all tho present family descmulod. Itltes slid
ho was induced to select this tribe from linvlug
found that : thoy aro great growers and quick
feeder., with Alio quillty ot meat, consuming
llttlo food in proportion to their growth, nud
also finding that they nro great milkers."
Cadsks of Onon. -Improper substances In
lhe vicinity of milk and butter will taint thorn.
A llfOCO Of llll nil tliM n.i1l,u- linn... n ......1 ..
, . - v ..an,. , 1, im.iiii ill
Jiupnre, s ngiiant water; a kerosene lamp used
lu tho milk room; a pleco of soap ielt on n pan
cover; eoal oil in n country store; decaying
vegelablts; putrid animal matter in a cow pas
ture: COWS itritllatllfT flltlll. ll-ntn. .....Il-lla. .1..
. ,- n -'. I.'.l.ll.ll.r uu
comnosed milk, cream or cheeso ndherliig to
.... uuujr .i-n.i'in, un mo uoor or Hiieiving,
. , .. .. ... Haaa V.Witt.lllV M- U tUOm
TiAP nn ttin ai.nla.At Hid ll-aa n.lM.al .aa. .1. .
ri 1 ;. J .! 1 """" ""45'uwt" . over-Zeed.
of modern thought and resources, stlmnlsted ' Practice the above and If ther U ftn-,,..i
teat-s!-' " " -si?S ssa sua
times nnfil fnr liiitt.,.. j,, ,1,., .1,1... 1.11.. ( .
if tt -" ... ..... ....un, in Iii9iiunt.il III
consider them ns 110 indication of tho aluo of tho
butter, bcctuso tho people iu tho citlos sco so
litllo really prime butter, that they nro notquali-
flOll tn tllllf... .111 Uft tt.l,. n ..nl.,1 II 1. ..
r " - -- run", iiiu ion 1 11 rro
may bo somo truth Iu this, but w,o lire lucliued
. ', ii iuu Kiiy iRiop 0 us pretty good Jlldgi s
on this point. There is no class of people in
tho world so particular us to what thoy eat as
the resident: of cities, and no modoof life so
well calculated to create and nourish fino dis
tinctions in tho matter of flavor. I.ot 1111)0110
...... 11 luum uuu uinKi) mo rounds of tho city
markets, and ho will travtl far, as u general
rule, before he finds bnttor ns rank 11s that
which can bo found at ulinost .very country
store; aud the commodity which tho Hurchant
keens for snlo is u pretty fair indication, tl.u
World nvi,r nf w1,t 1.I.J .,a,in. .1 . .
. , .,.., ,,, vunuiiiicin iiuiuiiini,
Ho r.ir from tho city people lacking in a (lis.
criminating tasto iu tho matter of butter, we
have- sometimes thought thum over nice iu this
Particular. dlsnlilin. iiltn..tt.n 1... .1
tiste. I.et no ono delude hlmsolf with the Idea
luilt lie ran mtllrn n. t.,t..ln ...I.I. ..1 1 .... .
-,...., ,.i iino ui uuiieraini
succcod in working It off on city people, umiur
he iiniirebsiou that it is a choice iirtieie. A'd
fiotvif Iht Slock lltj,orttr.
HorTlcjLTJV-
Accidental Naturalization of Plants.
It is woll known that many of our most
pernicious weeds aro foreiun plants. Hint lmv..
boen nccl lontnlly Introduced Into this country,
where thoy have becomo iiituralii-od, nud liavn
spread iu somo cases far morn rapidly than on
the r " nitlvn Iiii.iMi Xt H..I....J.. ...1.... ..
striking cases of this kind in his account of
.i.i-v iiiiiiiiuiii, um island id whloli so 111 my
r,r ll. a l.'rA-,..!. ............I.. . I. .. . -
... ...i. . 1., .ui 1.1111111111111111H iiimi ui', in trans.
IKirted. In tho fiit.t liislanco, nbout four years
ago, n gond irum, who was trniiHf.-rrt-d to this
inland from (.tuli-ltn limiii.lii .ltl, 1.1... ., 1.1
sti-r Ailed with tlm fenthi rv heeds of Asclqha
i-unis.siii-it-11, IlaMiig ocriisioii to wash the tick
rover, ho optincd tho bolster at tho lNiutdts
l-'rancais. wlu.11 unimi nt il.n u. ...iu ....... ....1..1
i .1 V . .v.ti. ...'in viiriiiu
oil by tint wind, nud tlm plant has since then
lllAI-inilnil (la i.aa.al. .... ..! ..I . a a
'""""nl ' ouvu 1111 i-xmiii ns iu st-rioiiHly In-terfe-ro
with cultivation, its roots running under
L-romiil In piim.l,lp.iltl.. jllatiA.m... ....1 it
" - - -- -..- a. a.,a.....V.TI., ,, llt-l! llg-
np idiootH in nil directions, hi Unit it Is dlAlciilt
In Arnfllftiif it t Ta. l. sj .
t. v.hiiiiu iii 111 (uu lU'UUIUl CftHO M, JItUftIHA
rolatfH that, u fowyonw n(0( roiiiu hoxtm urtlvrd
frOIll SwllinVCOntliitillif vnriniu n(-tf.li.j ......1....1
In Luropean hay. This was thrown out and
11111 on 1110 ground whtro tlm holes wuro un
Hacked. In tlm I7illnu.lt, ,. ..... a. 1....
, ...w ...,,a,nf..n v, ,, iiui lmlll.
ceous plant was observed growing plentifully
where the hay pnoklng hud ,en lift. Tliw
proed to bo oominou couih grass, (7WffcM.ii
rt-tn-IIS.. mill it hnai Miirnul a,. n.t.ll.. .I...I t
. ., .' - .... . ., ..a. a.. .... ...I'l,,!. mm n,
lltlan-a statos It Is already exterminating tho
native gnissos.
Giuotfr ltL-MKDv.-Dr. Ilronson of Michigan
writes tho Now York Tribune: My remedy for
garget is ono taMospoouful of asltpeter every
other iliy for three davs. then skin n f .in.-
and feed again If a euro is not effcctml, I think
threo doses will heal the most obstinate case,
lly-the-way, any porson who keeps cows,
ttlaOald feed to twnh tViA i.Knwn a.. .i'.... . '
once in two weeks through ths milking seisin,
and there will ba no complaint of garget.
IIlLBIa T.ruTi a.a, 1... 1... 1 1 ..it.
-- - - --"" 1 iuuuu as uigu as
JO per oent. ot cream In the last pint of milk
drawn from a cow, when the first pint from
mo biluo cow nail only yj pr cent.
Ooou dairymen are tho men who have the
good cows, because they are the ones who take
good winter care of their herds.
Mkwin Cuwoiik, TJie host soil, sins '
urn. Maitwitr, is Unit which ndmlts of ready
drainage. Watery as the fruit Is, it dons not
rt fllllru nilleli ruin tn ti.n,ln It t.. ... ..
vUus flourish and bear oven on a bank of sand.
no woiini 111011 stiect thn lightest plecu of
i-ronnd nvallnblo gray nnd Mainly nud put It
In L-ood nrili-r. uhIih. i,l..t,t.- ..f ...
1 1 in ii, --I. - v " "" iiiiuiiniiu 111
I'llCll llil . IllffO HL linlni (, .,,01.1.., I i.. 1
, ... ., -nn-n ;- "'-...v.i'itfc nt-,
tlepnsitiiig tliii manure iu thim iluring tlm win.
tor. is doubling il.n 1111,11, ,,.1 1., 1... .... r 1.
but If this has not already beu done, wu iiiuhI
ruanrt tl Irilrl,, ill,.a a. I.... II. . a ....
" , "..." W..1..1 iiuii, 1,0 Ufllllil HUH
uinKo mi excavation, aud mniinro liberally,
with a viow of ribiiiiing moisture in tlmo of
drouth Much depends on glilng tho plants a
vigorous start. 1 orcn Ihoir early growth with
11 fno application of bono phosphite to the hill,
hotp thu ground cloar of grass aud well slirretl
until tho lnos l.KH to cotor it. but ns tho
roots run to the full length oi the allies, and
L-rou' uu fiat tin. ivjtLl.w. .1.....1.1 ... 1. '
than two or three Inches deep. With this troit
merit, we believe thero would bit few failures iu
growing water-melons, nnd as they are n tutor
Ho with nil classes, it is well worth tho trouble.
.iiumii mi iiiiiiKii ur prim, 0 use,
Dnriso Ftus. ink 11... a... .. 1 .1 ...
oughly ripe, dry them on racks, ui yUi, W(iu,t
other fruit, In tho sun, four or fitu days, or
until tho water they contain is thoroughly
evaporated. If thr la m, ,i, . ? '.'
.1 it. flH . .' -", Will llitlll
nights Ihen place them n a vusBli,.,ffnri.i
wi 1 holes liku a colander, und dip them into
boiling water for ubatit ouo miuut-J, after which
again expose them to tho sun until the sutfaoe
water Is evupornted; then lay them Iu wood,
tin, earthon or other teasels, and press closely
so as to exclude tho air aud cover securely. In
this way it is asserted figs have been preserved
equal to tho best imported. The scalding
answers tho double purpose of kllllnj all Insect
mat and softunint- tii akin n n,. i.i. .1...
1 .,... -,ii ".?.:. z ..-":."" " ,u.ui
-- -6. " -.vino u mo aunace, as may 00
seen on lmnorlI A'.ti U.u.r.'. I1.....1 -...
", - "- "I'r--- tttv w, ... mi,!,, uHiua
tn liniirovemetit of llinniinomnliln,. ai,r,..i. 1
by Dullolsltiymoud. Tho result gavo the
corresponding to thnt already oblaincd by
lfla...l. In. it... . a -L
....mil .ui uu-nuiinury norves. n. very caroilll
series ot experiments by tho same observers, iu
.uu i-iimuiiT ui laui, suowea a mo tn raplditv
for tho motor norves in man very much great
er, or about 251 feet a second.
Tho measurement of tho ritlo-nt whloh tho
nervous impulso travels brninward necessarily
luvolves n procoss very different from any em.
ployed In tho study of motor nerves. The
tirillllnlll WtlA llrat ntl.inlf.i.l 1. il.. u.l 1
a... ... v-va. t,j 11111 mills lisinill-
inner, Dr. Uln-cli, soon alter llelmholtz took up
uvuim-i uiiiuuu in mu iniostigaiion, and his
solution of it was as ingi-uious as it was suc
cessful. It imolvrd tho inoisurement, with
tho dellcitto chronometrlc Instrumeiits employ
ed by nstronomors, oithe tllfft-rt-nco in tlmo bo.
tw.-en tho niiproclation of impressions mado nt
n illlltillien trnm tit, 1,rln l. n. II.. .....i i
and others nearer, 'ns on tho check, lloughlv
tlescribe-d, tho plan ndopted was substantially
tllU Till! nll4.irV.il- Ullt Irllll I.la lllln... na. l
...... ..... .......... a......,-, ....a,, in, n ins
till! key, with which ho niiiiuuuced tho porcop-
uuu ui mi 1 nuiuu inocK ns soon as posslulo at-
tlir fill lllll. It. tlllia .!,.al 1. 1, ,... l...alat. .1....1.
wbiih had boon broken by tho shock. Tho min
ute inters al between tho breaking and closing of
It.. a nl.na.tl a..... ...... I .1. . .1. .. a . a -Ta
iuu uiiuiiu iiirimuicii iuu iimu tiiKeu tiy the
traiismlssiou of the shock to tho brum, thotimo
riquirtd tor tho piroptioit o( tho urination,
lime for willing tho inoieiuinlof tho signal
n.v), iuiiu mr iuu transmission oi mis volition
to tho propor muscles, tlmo for tho contraction
of tho muscles, nud finally tho tlmo lost iu tho
ph) steal procoss oi signaling. Obtlously all
Hie-so puts, cx.-opt tho first, must bo Hiibstau.
tlally tho samo In all expeilmonts by tho same
person, using lhe sumo Auger for making tho
Kigual. Any illtlereuco in tho wholo Iimu must
therefore bo owing to tho greater or smaller
distance of tlm parti -ular point of Impression
Irom tho bralu. This ditlereuoti bring mens-
tlrnil ultlt ln1.trnl,lj. ...al..d ill. "li.i.. ..
..aa.. ns,a. a..v ,... .A,.w I .IVln, MUnniUlU III
culculrttu protty clonvly tho rato at which the
t.nrvm.it lllll. tiljn la Ir.itiuiKllt.i.l ni. a A..ll...a .
.... '-" "!' ;v i ssisrtitlllUt 1 HU imillllUU
nwt lumlo by Dr. Illmch wn, iih nlronlynotwl,
111 tftt Ik Hsf( lllll. lttn tn1iillt al .. I a. a....I.. ..!..
Kivo HtuniKCH rAUftliiK from 7 foot, by Dr.
la..l.t...l.. I., inn i . it. II. i.i .. ...
.Hiiiinnu, iii i,iu um, i! uncus rsuniato lorn
nervous Impulso exoltud by oleolricity. With
a luechaulcal stliuuliis, hu found nu average
tilocllyof l'Jlfett. Theso figures, of course,
nro to bo taken relatively. Therato vnrles iu
lllMl.flllt l.lfllttl.lt.nla, ...! .1...I.I1 I.. It..
, .,"; -.-.-., i.i.ii, iiuuuiicnn, iu iuu
same individual, with varying conditions of
hralth, tempi-rature, nud so tin, tho geuoral
iive-rngo being nbout that tit it high wind, a raco
horse, or n locomotive. Light nxoels it nbout
teu million times, nud i-lvctrlclty more than
Aflet-u million times. i'clnirijffo ilincrjcuii.
Spontaneous Combustion.
Iu n paper on the "Ignition nf Coiton by
Kiituralljii with 1'attv Oils,5' Mr. (lalletly com-
luiuiuiuin nuiiiti iiiioriiiiiiiou ooiiiiriuiitory of
the aienurallv riipilvi,.! iuiiiitl.tr ,i.,l.,t,... ...... ..i
ing tho Mpontnnt-ous Mndlliig nf cotton nnd
other npi-n oouibiistiblo Hiibitaucus which may
Imppmi to havo Imbibed uiitumt or ii-gutablo
filtlV lilts. 'I'llll llltliirfitlii .,,iat.. 1 ..... ..!..!.. I
.....,, .. VII -". . -"I'li-jrii vtilininieil
simply of a box. in which tho cotton situra-
I tt. A II ill. llin a.ltaa ....1. .1... ... .
.". .iui iuu i.iijr nuimiillict-s WJS pltctd, (Villi
lllll tl-lllllnrilllltll tin It itriiilmill. ...1....1 I
- I.,, I ., . tl -.'.I I'.int'll 111 HUUIU
cases ito I.KI deg. lah tho tiunperatiirii which
n body ncqulrtm by lying exposed In thn vertical
rajs of thn huh; nnd lu others to 170 deg. l'ah
about tho heat uttuliitd In the neighborhood of
a Moiiiu-plpo, n heated Alio, or in front nf an
open Are. With hoilnl llnsmd oil tint author
louud that shortly after thu luiiturial had
reachod thu temperature of bis warm chamber,
til) dog., tho thermometer begun to rise from
Jj deg. to II) deg. mery few minutes-so thnt lu
7aiiiluutisfui.ii tho Iimu tho box was placed
iu tlm thainliir, Um hint in H.-ittml wasUSO
deg. 1 ah. At this point, mnnku Issuing from
tho box Indloatvd that tho inttou wns lu a stato
tit untlvu I'fiinliiiMl Inn . iittil .,tt .ii.i ..i.... i. .
..... ........ ...... ,, ,a,.a.UllK H U
thu froo access of tho nlr, It burst into flames,
in nnointir similar experiment, the temperature
rosu more slowly, but reached UM0 dug, Fuh. In
I0j InlllUturf. win 11 friti,! II ., ...
smoke, it wm plain that tlm cotton was bum.
Ing; and tho wlioloinasH was soon iu a flame
nu being placed in a cum lit of nlr. It tw llu
Med oil was fnuud nnt to eailso Ignition of cot.
Ion so rtndlly us the bollod nil, but iiinlor con
tlltions similar to Uioho nf Um nbovo duscribotl .
'Xpuriiuunts, active uoiubiistlon was going on
i""'"' VM" ' '"" n'"l l another fitu hours.
ith rapo oil under the conditions of tlm first
tlXllurlllltnt. tint mmlt irna ll.ni il... 1... i
coutmit were found iu ashes lu ten hours the
box being put up at night, thu result was onlv
nhsiiritil in tin, iiiiiriiliir. mia... ..n t
, ", :..n "i' uu viiune'ii
actlvo combustion within flyu or six hours.
y un castor nu tuo couttiits only charred on
thu second dav tif tlm Hvn..ini.ni r....i .u
sptclllo gravity .010, produced rapid cuuibus.
tion iu lour hours. Ktnl oil, Hpecltlo gravity
.02H, thu Hnmo result iu 100 mlniitos. Sperni
seen on imported figs. JtWc'j Mural S,w
vrrxr.
nil giivu nwatlvo results. Tho nutho'r. ns tho
rttHlllt tlf liirf u'nrl ,,,lu., ...... il 1..1 .
" ; '"! '-...aii.uii uu, iiuiiiiwii, irom
n tompaiisoii nf ruw liuscud with lard nud seal
um, iiiai iuu Niaieiucnt is not altogether cor
net that "drying oils nro more liable to spon.
tailOOUS llOllll.ll.llm, II,,,., .,,,,, ..1..I.... .11..'
.1 ..i I I'wii'iiljliiK Ullij aim
that the rate ut which oxidutloii takes place
dots not depend rhltily on tho presonco of
small quantities of pulritlablu luatters, but
rather upon thn particular oltiu or liquid fat
thfiy contain." Tho results of tho experimental
trials aruhtattd to have been remarkably unl.
fnrill. iin lllltlmr ulnli.a IL., 11... I....1.... .
cotton can bo oilculatod on for anv oil with
'"."" -j-.i-.ii.jri.-niu point hi whicu sul
phur or other comliiutlblo mntUr inflames iu
air. I ho heavy nils from coil undshalo were
fnilllit tn . 0. f.ltti,ll .1....1. .1 .
v ," ...,, tuou iuu pueuomeuon
altovu described; for whou mixed with Iho oils
abovu named thoy gavu no Judications oi heat,
ing whatever at 170 deg. I'ah.
A rinnnrM lk-V nf .1... ..... -.. .1... . .
. . , - " iuu buk-1 iiaiint nrovos 10 La
tgoodsubstitnt. for bristles and animal and
human hair. Tho treatment is simple. The
bnrk is first immersed in water nnd Lolled for
soma tlin In u ,,11-aii,,,. ...I...1 .,..'"'
" H,na,...w m uiiiiiuu; lllfl UDers
are theu soaked iu hu emulsion ot fat, alkali
atlll -a-nta na at.... I ....!.. 1 , -lIlll
ii. i a, ,"'"" "ours, at or which
me they are stilllclentl) hard and cUslio for
the nbovo-named use.