"WILLAMETTE FARMER.
UsEfdL loMION-
Marbled Paper.
This, much ued by bookbinders, Is produced
in a very cnrluus way. The name is not ex
actly suitable, seeing that few of the specimens
are imitations of real marble; but It has gradu
ally become applied to sheets of paper of which
one surface it made to Imitate any kind of
stone or wood. Small brown spots on a light
ground, marble velniug on a shaded ground,
curled patterns and wavy patterns, nil are pro
duced In great diversity. The colors are of
the usual kind, such as Ntples yellow, yellow
lake, orpimeut, verlgria, rose, pink, red lead,
carmine, terra dl sienna, Dutch piuk, indigo,
Prussian blue, verditer, umber, ivory bltck,
etc.; they are ground up veiy fine with pre
pared wax and water and it few drops of alcohol.
A solution of gum is made of gmu tragacauth,
alum, gall, and water, and placed lu a trough
or shallow fl it vessel. Color is thrown ou the
surface of this gum water, usually by striklug
a brush against a stick, so at to produce a
Bhower of sprinkles. Pigments of different
tints and different thicknesses or degrees of
consistency are thrown ou; some spread more
than others, and thus a diversity of patterns
is produced. Sometimes the color is thrown
on by means of a pencil of very long bristles;
it Is diversified by means of a rod, held tip
right and carrii d along amongst the colors lu u
wavy or spiral course; and it is further cut up
into tortuous lines by passlug a kind of comb
along it. All this takes place on the surface, of
the gum solution in tho vat. When the vat Is
prepared, a sheet of paper is lain down Hut ou
tho solution, care being taken that every part
of tho surface shall bo wetted; tho piper takes
tip a layer of paint, fancifully disposed in n
pattern or device, and is hung up to dry. In
order that one color may not be bhnded or con
fused with another, they are grouud up with
different liquids, some watery, souio gummy,
Bouioolly. Theimltatlo s of marble, uray and
red graulte, and fancy woods, are certainly not
very faithful; but the paper is lively In appear
ance, and remaius clean and bright a long lime
whin polished. This polishing la effected by
moistening the colored surface of tho paper
with a little, soap, and rubbing It with a piece
of smooth marble, an Ivory kuol, a glrn-s ball,
or an agate burnisher. Beautiful products
Lave been produced within tho last few years
under the. namn of iridescent and opaloscent
paper. Like the commoner Kinds, tuese re
ceive colored devices on one surface; but great
delicacy and cato are called for in the procosso
to produce tho exquisite play of light and
aha lo which sugaests tho names given to these
varieties. J'rucltail Magatlnt.
Solvent Powers of Water.
Water is a physical rather than a chemical
agent in bleaching and dying; it is tho vehicle
which carries the chemical substance to the
cloth to be operated upon, or which removes
tho matters necessary to bo removed from It.
When a substance is mixed with water, 11 may
cither bo dissolved by it, and disappear, as salt
does; or, it may remain In suspension, as
chalk does. Homing is considered 10 ue item
nllv ill.nnlvrd in water if itcau settle out again.
or if it will not pasi with tho water through a
falter made of paper or calico; thus, to talk of
dissolving ground chalk In water, Is Incorrect;
for. if allowed to stand. It would sottle out; or.
if tho mixture were filtered, the water would
pass clear, while tho chalk would remain upon
the calico; but blue vitriol, (snlphato of cop
pi r), for example, does really dissolvo lu water,
and the liquor all filters through together ; to
deprive the water of tho blue vitriol would re
quire chemical means different in klud from
filtration. Water, therefore, dissolves some
substances and not others. Water does not
dissolve tho same quantity of all soluble sub
stances; of some it can dissolve Its own weight,
nnd more ; of others a small poitlon ; and of
nnnie. extremely little. A n rule, hot water
dissoltes moro than cold; but, upon cooling,
the excess mostly falls out n crystals. Thl
yoint deserves notice; for a liquor, which Is of
xiuht strength when n little warm, may bo too
weak when it becomes cold ; 1 ft In a carboy
for ixample, in a cold place, because the salt
crvatallizeH out; this is the cast. only with those
salts llmt aro but sparingly soluble, as chlorate
of potasb, cream of tartar, suipnaie 01 potasn
etc. Tlio crystallizing is sometimes trouble
souio in steam colors; which, right enough
when freshly made, become tilled with small
crystals, nnd rough on tlio machlno ; it is fell
in tho caso of an ageing liquor, which contains
chlorute of potash as au active agent; which,
crvstallizing out, leaves the liquor weak aud
not able to do its work. As a ustitl thing, the
drug room upon n printing or dyting works
ghoul i be cool, but there are some liquors tat
ter in a moderately warm place; brown vitriol,
for example, lu winter time, Is apt to go solid
in theotrbots. If kept in an exposed place.
Am. lex, ilitwuj.
Tfsti ron Alkaloids. Phospbomnlvbdle
incd has long been Usui us a test fur alkaloids.
Phnsphotungrtio acid has also b ou re ommeiid
ed for tho same purpose, and recently Scheibler
has called attention In two new acids prepared by
him, the formula) of which seem somewhat doubt
ful, but which tire excellent tests for alkaloids.
The writer has made a few experiments with i
solution prepared very easily, by boiling, for a
few minutes, common tutigbtute of soda with
half it-t weight of syrupy phosphoric acid
Quiniue givts it distinct luilMiu-hs nliuo-t iui
ni. ditel in 10.000th dilution, and after i!l
hours in lOO.tOOlh dilution. Morphine give
the reaction plainly enough. In 10,000tb dilu
tion, but net in 100,000ih Strychnine nivesit
niiite nlaiulv in COO.WOlu dilution, ns stated by
ticheibler. This Mrychniue precipitate may lie
used tor tue enromto item ist, anil me mor
phine and quiuiuo compounds for tho ordinary
tests for those alkaloids, Bromine wuter.
which ran bo prepared in h miuute, is more
bandy than chlorine water, and utsuers Just us
well, or letter, in conjunction with ammonia lu
the tet lor quinine; also in we lerrocyaniile
text. Fluckiger has found that it will detect
one part of genuine in 20.000 of water. 'I he
f. rrocyuuldetest Vigel's) is not so delicate,
detecting the alkaloid lu 2,500 parts of water.
Canad. J'hur, .lour.
Moldino rUwncsT. The cement is nothing
but glue dissolved in water. In order to pre
pair the uist-n.l the sawdust is put in sneiu th
en ves-el, boiling water ponred ou it, stirred
tip and left to soak (or aouta week, and sgsln
stirring (torn lima to lion ; then it is boiled un
til it has atlalued the consistency of it paste,
after which it is put in a coarse clolh and ibe
excels of moisture will squeezed out. This
material Is then kept ready for us-; when
wanted a sufficient quantity of thin glue-water
is udd.d so us to obtain a paste, which may be
Iirewed into molds, or rubbed Into cracks or
iolea U disguise flaws or other defects lu wood
work. Wheu the sawdust of the same wood i-n-ed,
the uoik rart fully done, well dried aud
cleuned, the impeifeelions repaired in this )
ran scan rly If detected; while the ornaments
made differ oily in one respect from thoaomade
by cning in not showing the grain of the
Vood. Ex.
Bursting ot Trees and Objects Struck by
Lightning.
At a recent meeting of the Manchester
Literary and Philosophical Society, Mr.
Daxendell suggested that tho explosive effect of
lightning might be due to the conversion of
moisture Into steam. At the meeting of that
society, Nov. 4th, 1873, Professor Osborne
lleyunlds, A. M., stated that this suggestion
seemed to him so very probable, that he had
been induced to trv it ho oould not produce a
similar effect experimentally. We give the ac
count of these experiments In his own lang
uage. I first of all tried to burst a thin slip of wood
by dischargiug a jar through it, taking caro so
to arrange tho wood that tho discharge should
be of the nature of a spark, aud not a continu
ous discharge. This was dona by making tho
wood to form part of a discharging rod, with
balls ou tho ends. This experiment was sue
ctssful lu the first attempt, although there
suits weto on a small scale. It should be men
tioned that the wood had been damped with
water. This experiment was repeated with
larger pieces of wood with various results.
It then occurred to me to try with a glass
tube. This I did at first with a very small
tube, passlug wires from the ends of the tubo
until ttiey were witntu nun an men oi cacu
Sensitive Plants.
A curions action of tho leaves of certain
plants was first discovered in 1779 by llotb, in
Germany, namely, that they behave as If at
tempting to catch insects by bending over
their bodies. Darwin, with his well-known
sagacity in taking hold ot any fact assisting in
establishing the development theory founded
by him, makes use of this peculiarity as an ar
gument lu favor of the idea that passive plants
w men nave to wan ior tneir loou, mar nave
developed Into active animals with prehenslvo
months.
action
tioti nf
n nt. Aftar Darwin has enriched our know!
edge in this lino with many valttablo new ob
servations of his own, Dennett comes with new
facts, and proves that many plants show this
dally while growing lu wet moss lu our rooms
in tho summer. But the most important and
surprising discovery is that made by Darwin
aud Dennett both, namely that the leaves of
the common round-leaved sundew net differ
ently wheu different objects aro placed upon
them. For instanco, if a small piece of raw
meat be placed upon them In place of a living
tly, it will closo upon it in tho samo manner as
upon tho insect, while in regard to a particle
of chalk, or wood, or woo
motionless, or at least near
Prof. Asa Urav. while commeutlug in aim
llio. Tim amnll tulwia 1ulr.it Until trlth nntl
without water. man's Journal upon tho papor read by Mr.
I then used a larger tube (shout ono-tenth lleuuett before tuo iirauiora meeting oi uio
Inch bore), using it in a similar manner. The British Association, says that with ns tho
dischargo without water produced no tffect on leaves do much more than enrvo arouud the
this, oven when repeated several times, but I insect or piece of meat; that as well in tho
Beach Mining.
Among tho many different modes of obtain
ing tho precious metals, tho mining oporallous
carried on at Gold Bluffs, whore tho auriferous
sand is gathered from the beach, aro something
peculiar to California, but outside ot tho Im
mediate vicinity In which tho gold sands are
found little seems to be known of tho modo of
working them.
In 1850 cold was found along tho coast line
ths, aud of which this purely vegetable o Klamath county, and tho famous Gold Bluff
in is a first attempt of nature (n tho dlroc-1 ,,,, en,Uf di 8tllco tllRt tlrao ,ho heach
?f ri,to bee..' worked at Intervals and
recently lu a systematic tuauner. tig. 1 snows
a viow of tho beach at Gold Bluffs. It Is found
that whon tho surf breaks square on tho beach,
it rolls up masses of coarse gravel and black
sand, and no gold is visible; but when it cuts
the beach at a ctrtaln augle, the ocean makes
a kind of natural tcparator, and deposits the
rich black saud in spots, from which it can be
taken. Thus success in tluding tho gold de
pends largely upon tho directum of tho wind.
l.'lcr. u nocturnal view of tho bluff, which
Is similar or nearly so, In stratification all
.In.... ll... .nrll.iT.nu li.xlt It U evident tllltt
roT" wiU 'remain the old Is derived from these bluffs, for It can
lv IndlffeToi t u delected lu certain strata, and it has bc.ii
!.. h i suit, noticed that after n heavy cave of tho banks
stK .r- ' ' '
s.j iif'
is " .'"M ,ir,. , V -'-Mb
rBLHESnP5K,-i'-l''rTJwwiMBR(!H3IIH
no,
1 Tho TJoach at Qolit Dluffs, Doldnt South.
when the tubo was full of water (with tho ends
open) the first dischargo shattered that part of
i ho tube opposite tho gap ill tho wire. This
ubo was beut in tho form of n syphon, and the
water stood about one inch beyond the gap In
Hie uiro ou each side of it.
I then tried it stronger tubo which I had
been using for insulation. It had a bom of
ue-eighth of nu inch, and was three-eighths
if au inch lu exterual diameter. It was capa
ble of sustaining a pressure of probably 10,000,
aud certainly 0,1)00 pounds ou the square Inch;
that is to say, a pressure of from two to five
tous per sqiiaro inch. It was about fourteen
inches long, aud bent in the form of a square
ended syphon. Tho gap in tho wire was about
half au tuch, aud tho water extended about one.
and a half inches on each side of tho gap. The
euitsot tue plpewero opon.nml tue j ir charged
lu tho tutmo maimer us before with about 100
turns of a twelve-inch plato machine. Tho
surface ot the jar Is about halt a squaro foot,
Hi., Im.inlieii rth rlnlier and the cold coarser
Attempts have been wade to obUtiu tho gold
which is believed to bo beyond tho line of surf,
particles of which aro said to have been brought
up by tho leads ot vessels, but thus far without
success.
In Fig. 3 Is presonted a view of the initio at
tho lower i lid of tho bluffs. Tho sand Is gath
ered and placed in sacks, which aro then con
veyed by mules to tho works, where the fash
ing and amalgamating aro performed. The
yield varies; but usually tho result is found to
pay liberally for the labor and expense ot col
lecting, packing nnd working tho sands, aud
onu claim took out $!.", 000 iu ouo year.
Uncstimated.
A gentleman who owns a nice llltlo ranch In
San Joaquin valley, and who has alwayH been
exact in his accounts, said tho other day:
"Farming isn't a money making business.
Striking an avcrago for several years, I find I
havo otily cleared, nliovo expenses, about $500
a year. A profession or n good trade would
pay better."
That farmlug J a money making business
would bo shown by Bltuply pointing to the
number of our wealthy wheat growers, orchard
Drosora rotundifolia as in tho Drosera long!
folia the end of the leaf folds over upon tho
baso, and like n shut hand fairly incloses tho
capture., iti-eci or pieco oi num. , , . , .. ,, . ,
in omtr to account ior many nnoxpiatned i "'" ""
habits of supposed unreasonable animals, the thoso who farm on n largo bcalo. But they
word "instinct" was invented, which in fact must havo commenced more moderatelv, and
explains absolutely nothing. Now wo see that it is now beginning to bo questioned whether
this no-called Instinct is shared by some plants; i tlio profits from the big ranches aro so great,
or havo the leaves tho orgau of taste, so that I relatively, its those of small farms thoroughly
they citu distinguish between tho piece of ' cultivated. Tho tendency stems to bo as much
meat and wood? Is there also a conscious- toward taking in horns and working smaller
uoss in vegoianio organism i or is an mailer
cousciuus? .Viiiiuiicf urcr and llutldtr.
Improved Manufacture of Artificial Fuel.
Tho Scientific j-tiiifrfciin says: "Tho visitor
to thd coal regions of Pennsylvania, and Indeed
to all other localities where coitl-mlning opera
tions nre in activo and continual progress, will
not tall to remark tho vast heaps of waste or
areas more i
isr
jf ii" i' jii'iti I in! I ti i "iiV -jfVi ipvTj vflf
LualMuHIKlP!&flk sfr g'tkl'-ii
-y I ' - MB' 7 - A.'
MSSfSSWMPSVSMMMHISnryjrsk fi'f1EVHIriH
FIQ. C-Soctton of Bluff.
PIO. 3.-niack Sand Mlno.
Tn Flu. 1. A la lniiul II. Ttltuvf
with wood liiiultet 6, coirs red
ctinrnt; K, Sauu.tone witu iiguiiv
cliri O, )rlIow- Rrsteli D.isnditonM K, rot tn.l jollow Krsrrli t', ssmtttonn , position, prnviillil ho ri'tailied the
it ursveli II. ery One bluish grtvtli I, luJurstuJ muJ, J, ifrsvel with Irun . jv0 noaitlou ill society, tho relit W
lei L, betel.! M, low wsttr m.rk. J ru, ,,,, ,,0f,llrH (l J(,lir.
o systematically, nsto seek to extend
tho boundaries. Tlio immense ranches ol
early days aro splitting up with wonderful ra
pidity; and this is due rather to an apprecia
tion of tho benefits of closer tillage than to any
minding of neighbors. There Is plenty ol
room Isft.
Hut the majority are not what aro called large
farmers. Nearly all mako houio pretence ol
keeping regular accounts, and many develop
truo business ability mid habits iu this way
lu posting their books they are careful to mite
tin. cost of laud. seed, labor. Implements, etc.,
nnd tho Interest ou nil real property ami iippur
teuatictH. They scrupulously jot down the ex
, act jluititititrt they receive from the sain of pro
duce and stock, make what Ihev judgu to be a
1 reasonable allowance (or the huokMoiico of the
family, and then think they are ready to strike
it balance which often turns out disappoint
Ingly small. Not in reality, however. Then
are many rt turns which invariably escape tin
ken of the accountant. There are benefits and
pleasuriH too subtle to bo expressiil iu dollars
mid cents, and inaliy things iletuied necessaries
lu rural life, which are held to be luxuries by
city people. But if tin so do not appear iu th
ledger, tliey am none the less felt and enjoyed
After licensing farmers of an oversight, II
would bo hazardous indeed to attempt au mill-
' me ration of the numberless iiudoloi'tfd gaiur
I And we hae it warninir before us lu the con
(eased I v incomplete list of it thoughtful wilier
In lh fiuni! Hume, who specifies these points:
1. The runt of his dwelling. If lie lived lu
town, aud ocenpiid a tenement suited to his
vitlisl lie ri'tailied the same rem
ould amount
Workmanlike Hajts.
We havo so often urged tho great importance
aud absoluto necessity of calo In the selection,
use and keeping of tools, that perhaps an
apology should bo made for agalu returning to
the subjict. And It Is, besides, n dellotto toplo
to approach, with practical men, who will ad
mit almost anything except a want of cato In
this direction.
There Is, perhaps, nothing in which the
truth of the old adage, that the best aro the
cheapest, is more tlsililo than in farm fm. la
ments, xue nearest are not necessarily tne
best, by any means; but where one gets ths
real money talue In buying tools, it Is well, in
seh Ctiug those which are intended lobe usod
for several setsona, to be sure that the mater
ial and workmanship ure such as will render
them lasting. There are certain things of
which It is said that they improve as they grow
older. In rpite of the disparaging remarks
made about old hoes, evi ry tanner wtio has iu
ttlligently olwered will bear witness to lha In
creased tlttcacy of a hoe that has grown veu
t ruble iu honorable service, not nickid and
bent, but worn thin aud keen by cartful uso
mill repeated sharpening-.
Only a few days ago wo had occasion to bor
row a pen-knife. It was it knife which had
evidently done good work, was from it uood
maker, aud though each of the blades was
worn complittly out of (he original shape, was
very sharp and serviceable. It was natural
etioiign to remark to tho owner: You are In
the habit of using tools ? And the reply was
that he had alt amateur carpenter shop of hi
own. Now It la a small matter to keep a knife
lu working order, but lb. trait pr'oTos that a
man who does so may be eoiiutul on for
promptness and neatness iu all lie uudei tikes.
Machinery deti riorates. In most eases, mora
rapidly from disuse aud want nf cato than
when Iu constant employment. For th s rea
son it is consider! d txpi naive to allow itquatti
mill or a factory to lie Idle. When Id uc. tho
metallic parts am ki pt from rust and the wood
from rotting. There is no reason why to unl
euro should uot bo taken, win u tools are laid
nstde.
Whether it lo In the rnlny or lu the dry sea
son, iigliuuitiiral machiins and all tools s'joilld
be placed under cover. Tlio blaze of th- sun
Is almost as piijuilli Id as h liking (ruin rslu
water, but tho tun ullernatiil will soon show
their etloct. All f riuers know till s. but how
few lake tho trouble to put llii ir knowleilga into
practice. It is one thiiig to l. . e, but quite
another to prntof.ilh by winks. Ploughs,
when iloiio with for it time, should Ixi thor
oughly cieanid nnd thou Heated to a good dosa
of gteasn or oil -it ilo'S tut tuntbr which.
I.iibeed oil applied to wood will icudir il very
haul ntul tough, and has ilm pecnll ri'y of
forming it kind of liupi run able varnish over
inctal. but Is ruth r too o.h ly for louuli una.
Crude pitroleiiin is a' out as cliuipitsiiiiy thing,
aod very i llecllve. Wln-n the main labor of
planting is titer, tho hamsters and Ihrirhliig
iiiachiiii a should I o put In unit r fi r summer's
work Kvi ry suifucn of wot d or metal at ould
be looked lo, mid painted or oiled, as th" case
may be, ainl the riquliemeuts nre. Finally
virythitiu that has an vdi.o, fiom a ihi-el t a
hoe, should Is) ki pt as sharp us It citu bo made.
All (iirnieis nre in a measure carpeners, ami
tli.yshoiid bonow from ilm Utter the maxim
that there is no gnater icotiomy of tine nud
labor than to 1 1 stow these iu placing nnd keep
114 tools ill condition. With good tuols, good
wotk.
and the dischargo, when effected wlih tho com
mon rod, took pluce through about two inches
of air.
This tubo was shivered at the first discharge.
That part opposite tho gap and for some way
beyond, is completely nrosen up into irug
luents, which present more tho nppearanco of
having Ken crushed by it hammer than of be
ing the fragments of a pipe burst under press
ure. Some of the fragments show that tlio in
terior of the pipe has been reduced to powder.
These fragments were scattered to souio feet
ou all sides, but there was nothing liko an ix
plosion. I held the pipe in my hand at tho
tiuieif the discharges, uud tho sensation was
that of a dead blow. There was no noise be
yond the ordiuuiy crack of ths dischargo.
Thouianiur in which this pipe was destroyed
clearly showtd that n larger no might litve
been broktn. But us it was two o'clock and
my fire wits out, I did not continue the experi
ments, it 'S uot o sy to cu ceive uio precise
uy in which pressme of probably more
than 1,000 t tuiospheres could be produced,
and transmitted in a pipe of water, the em's of
which were oihii. It might hate been caused
by the suddeu formation of a very minute
i 'rim nu, ,if bla liiipana lAiiil oarrbioes.
slack plltd lu the neighborhood of tho mines, j. ' limy jlt (1,Hy circumstances expicis, uf
It is estimated that, ou au average, iroin forty I ... i church, to visit friends, to
to fifty ptr cent, of tho tntire yield, both of nti,.llt places of instruction, or amusement,
anthracite and bituminous coal, is, through the nlKj ,0 vuu ,,l,lc,,M of trade, and uiitiiv of these
medium of mining, brtuklng, screining, and uro , aistunt for coincident walking fm
handling, reduced to this reiiiiirkableoondillon, 0Wlwmf n M well as farmers The f iriimr w ho
causing loss to tho producer and Increasing the H(IH ,H own leniii nml carrlngn saves it larg
cost nf the staple to tho public." i,m for Hwry and omnibus ami carfares. This
Mr. V.. F. Lniscau. of Munch Chunk, Penn., t UI()tM to several huiidrul dollars ayeur with
has recently patented a process by which this fllIIll,.H f niueiice in cities,
waste or slack may be made available fur fuel ; Family supplies. We wish every farmer
I lie composition ot tne met is coal-slack and cm,(i j,llow ,i, , lltr0 vulua of tho lood winch
com mini juiiow nay ireu irum nauu, iiioisieiivu , j, (IU1,,K. ciiusuiues ar.lilially, estlliialud all In
with milk of lime. Tho manufacture is carried .nil.,,H timt townsmen aro obliged lo pay tin
ou automatically, the crude materials cut ring f,f tnilr products. It would go far towards r
tho apparatus at one end and emerging finished , C()licliu, nmy iliscontented farmers to I lit ii
and ready for shipment at the other. No labor .... .1 1... hiI1L.i0 11..,.. f wl,eat Hour, at retailer'
luriliu the nrocress of tho oiuratlon is lln-ro- .,.,, .1-1,,,,...i ilV , nv, mu.. fannlv. wnidd
fore required, nor does tho machine, wo ore ,,.,.. ,.Ver 11 hundred dollars. Tluutlien
iufomied, need any attention except to re-1 .,,) .Imukwheal fluur, garden and field
pleuisU Its supply unit removo Its completed ll(,iableH, fiilils, milk, t'icaiii ami butter, igg
product. ,.,.,.... . ... and poultry, por, beef uiid uiiitlon, lurd and
At a recent trial of tho fuel under one of the 1)l,Wi HU my t,er items which help t
toiler, at tho present Fair of the American I (.,, , f,y and would itiiiouiit to 11 oonsiil
lustltuto, we were afforded an opportunity to tr(lbu , l( purchased,
examluo its cohesive quality. I he pieces wi re j, u fr,ri u(tr balancing his debits and
iiiruwu miu a iiirnaee, wiicrn very ai-tivo coin- cr,.,lK. finds hut lit'l" Idt t" conipciisaio Win 101
diianlitv ol steam, or by tho expansion of the bustion was in progress: aud although allowed ' i,iaiMiirBi11-,,i not eonsider that he has labor
water; but which evr woy it was, Us iffect to remain there for a considerable l11'""1 ' , t.,l for nnlhlng If lht unesliiiiated items of
was due to I's Instaulaileous character, oilier- lime, uiey 11111 nc iosu uiiir enapu ur inn in- j,limilo C(,uil be properly upprnU'd, We mink
wise there would have been an explosion, gethcr. As reganls heating power, the inventor ,uui t,py would itiiiouiit t very fair salary.
Wheu we consider the great strength of this , considers tho same to be equal to the best coal. I ' . -
ii pe (which might hae U-iu used for a guu No unpltasaiit odor is given off, there is, of1 . ,
'w, bout bursting), and wh. 1. we see that it was I course no slate, and we ro assured that clink- ' Somk one has j;n H P v''"
not only bur.t. but hat the interior of the erlng does not take place. The ash. Mug appliance, or clian.i.ig me tllieplal.-s cover,,
glass was actnally crushed by ihe pressure, and
all this by the di-charg of on small jar, we
uiu-t cease to wonder at the hurtling power of
a discharge from the ciouJs.
Iui-hoved Button IIouzn. Tho holder con
suls of two plates of metal which aro forked at
one end, the space between the prongs being
V-shsed. One of these plates has grooves 011
the inner edges of the prongs, which grooves
rutlvo the luttois. This V-hape of the
opening adapts the holder for buttons of differ
ent diameters. 1 he cloth passca In Utween
the mo plates, aud is pressed upon the buttons
by the prongs of back plate as the two plates
ure prt-ss.d together or Inward each other,
when the holdtr is in use, by the fingers of the
operator. The button is then mu ou with a
needle and thread, iu ihe uual manner. The
advautsgea claimed are lhat the fingers are not
rxiaiwdtothe needle, snd the setting on is
performed with mach greater ase.
t-riuu uoea nut wmu iiuicv. inn s, -ik ..,.,...- .--- - .
miiisl with clay, is heavy; and hence, where 1 with tin and other mitils; tli plate is i-anse,l
the fuel is used for doinestio purposes, does by series of roll, rs, to pass through it ca-lng
not rise in light clouds, covi riug carpets, f nrni-1 eoiilumii.g bran or sawdust. 0.1 Issuing r .11.
lure, Ac. with dil-t. The oval ship., of the ! wh"h any absorh.11 mat. rial which .1 ty hav.
lumps Is designed to Insure a free draft through adl.er-d is removed by ii.eaus ol lirusli. si. ta
the iutersticts. As to cost, the inventor ,1... I bly arranged. Another u. 11 lei.i.tu clii.iis Im
ir.oustrat.-rt that Iho material cun be supplied at , provemeiits in the m-lh'.d of cliauiuii uml pol
about f 1 per ton." -I"'B "' "ther pl t.s After the ph.t.s
have been Immersed ill oil, they lire dipped In
,, a hot alkalliiH waler lutli, and suliseipn-nii)
Hie ,. .I.-,,,,,,), , 1II,I,, 1, fiii..lil,u. ul,lfh.bi
in-nf' 11. ,". K), ('.- " , "...- j
neaus of rollers supplied with br.111, or som.
other stiiluble polisliing substance, imparts 11
1 brilliant llnisli to tlie siirlaco
limps ami Ciioi.rtu. Can birds scent
cholera infection in ihe air ? Certain well au
thentlcated facts render It not iiupiobible lhat
they can. Decent P.uropeaii journals state lhat
at Munich, where seteral cases of cholera havo
.,.., ..! ,).u .r.L ntul friui tvliiol. ItfirH
flew atout the ste, plea and ihrough the trees TiuoicNTil Muchjuik -The llostonuurnaf
of the public promenades, have all, migrated, 0 CltmUtry udds Ihe following to III" man)
and the same thing happened during Ihe I receipts for mulling mucilage: 'lake of pnwd
choleru bessons of IttfO aiidlbSI. According I ered tragacauth, 1 drachm; glycerine, fi
to Kir Samuel W Baker, the same phenomena I drachma; wuter, enough to make iu all Hi
incurred ut Mauritius, where the martins, ounces, Bub the tragauatitli iu 11 mortar wlih
which exist in immense numbers the year , the glycerine ami in 11 ami 1110 water. ini
ireva-1 will produce a uiuclisuo ai once 01 excoueui
round, wholly disappeared during the
leuce of the cholera.
quality.
More About Boiling Potatoes.
(from tlio l'kcine Ittiral 1'n-ii.)
Kditoiih Piikss, I noticed an article In your
Issue for January 17, 1H74, on the stibj.ct of
lioiliiig potiitoes, and being by birth Irish
could not, uf course, lit it pass. Mrs Ktouo'H
method Is bud. But that of the Hitunfay
.'coil"! W is still worse, and the writer cf
the latter niticlo i certainly tint Irish, hecauso
every Irishman or Irishwoman knows that po.
tatoiH steep, ,1 lu wuter for tell hours would
spoil, wire th y Ihe beat ever grown. I have
eiiiikid ami hate seen poUluiH conked lu every
form known lo the culinary nit, and the follow
ing is Ilm bisl iinthisl I know of: Take your
polatoes from Ihe bin, wash them clean, pare
them as thin as ton call -but don't wuh them
ifler pe, ling. Now put them iu ihe pot and
i-ovir llnii to tho depth of half 1111 inch or so
with cold wat, r, throw iu soma silt and 11 piece
nf fat pork. Put nil it brisk lire, bull quickly,
serve hot and tell us the result.
M. T. F.TANS.
Our correspondent Is, wo think, right, itbont
about the ovcr-soakltig. But the writer
iu the ',( did uot name ten hours as a uccea
sitry tiinii firo were siiiclllul, wlih the added
explanation tint ion, by whlili la simply meant
an I111I1 tiiiitily longer time, would answer bet
tr frr the purpose Intended, that Is, 1 1 git rid
ol tlie acrid iiriui'ipin, itui 111 succeiiiing in
this ui m I In- )'t4 wtiter, us our correspondent
hints, would loan elsewhere
WhSKI. ruu I'lUN-l'OIITINll (llltlK IN Bum,
I'rnss-sbiys are plain d about lull way Iwtwern
the deck and the bottom of the vi ssi I, mid ara
connected for the support of tho sides, Klaiioh
loim are plan, d on each ol the cross. slays,
supported at right angles witli ihe d ck, and
lino partition Ii turds upon inch si. lo, which
divide the portion ol Ihe hold abiite Ihe cross.
staya liitu ihrin eiimpirliiixiits, The partition
Imarila oil Ihe iiisiilu o( th" stanchions extend
from tho 1I1 ok about niit-lliild Ihe dlstaiiue to
Ihe slays Thus,, atlachcd lo Iho outer sides of
Ihe stanchions extend from the erosa-alays up
urd 11 short ill. Inure alstvii the lower edges
if Ihe Inner paitllioii boards, so that the two
biiiilds of each a. I of stanchions lap p 1st each
other. Tim rump trioleins are conii, eted by
th spaos bitwm 11 the stanchions, sc that tho
gi.iiu may pa-s otir the Hillside ptrtltloiis
from tho niitsidi, coiiipaitiui Ids, and under Iho
inside piitlilioiis into ill" central couipaitiuoiit.
I'hls la 1I0110 us the ves.il tolls and Is car, 1 111 d,
I'h" n suit is, ilm central couipirtuinut is soon
tilled alter iho vcs-el coinoieoc. a to roll, and
ill" grain ill lhat coiiiiarliiinlit is letaliieil,
lly tills iliiproveiiieiit, aliifliug of cargo, It is
el limed, is so prxtenlid that im daliiagu Citu
oc, ur, and ilm vea is navigated us ea-diy ai
It is whe.11 lad, 11 witli inimoralil" I'.trgo,
Nr.w and Iui-urasr Urns ur tiik Osioa
Oiiamik. The osiigo orange has become 11 fit
uiilinr sliriib 111 this and many otlit-r Htites of
ihe UilUtiiasu heilgi, pi illlj but acnurdlllg to
ihe r. port ol Iho Agricultural 1 pirtmeut, it
1. now proposed lo null 1 It fur other ud very
iiupoitatit purposts. A ilicnolloti 01 the wood
is a ml t yield u very laiautiful mid v.y iteruia
uaiil yellow dy,i; uiid this dncociiou, t-arelullt-evaporatxl,
furuiau bright yollo' eilraol called
aiiruiillne, which may la, used iii Inipariiug its
color lo lubics. Iu adilitioii to tins coloring
mailer, tlie wood of tlio oau.i orauuo is rich iu
lanulii. Kxiieriuiui.ts mad lu Texas represent
hut hides ure litiuied quicker with the uihsI of
tills tie,, th in wlih oak lurk. The seeds yield
.1 blind limpid oil resmiiblitig olive oil, aud
which may in general U-" h aub.tituted for it.
A hitw packing lor tulllug botes is mads of
aau-ilu.l mile I with tdu, pliliuhtgo, pluuiba-
gimi, blaos-luid, or other like substance. The
dust must Im well silled, and lhat from
white wood cut with the graiu is preferred.