Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887, March 07, 1874, Image 6

Willamette farmer., March 07, 1874, Page 6, Image 6

Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR

About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (March 7, 1874)

Prev Page of 12 Next Prev Issue Next Text PDF JP2 (2.9 MB) Clip/Print Image

Return to Top

Prev Page of 12 Next Prev Issue Next

Newspaper Page Text;j-r.' j-" v'!''A5-'f, I :i :$?, n PoUljy Yard Winter Chickens. v. ,i-i,i -.., o uouin you Editors ItunAL Fhesb nro inundated with contributions to tlio HuiuTj nbout this timo. Farmers can do but littlo out of doors, on account of tlio ground boing bo thoroughly Boakcd by tho last rains; and llko mysolf, thoy must do something to oocupy tho head or hand, But to tho point. I visited n noiRlibor of Minn vnulnfilnv 7rt nnf tin tintntilififd .,,"',,: ", J"'v ., ,, in this part of tho volloy, nlthougU tho dis- lanco 10 incir piaco oi rosiiianco may no from two to four miles or inoro. Mrs. Thompson, tho neighbor in miration, is a Scotch lady, and 1 think I learned of lior Momuthing that may benefit n very largo numbor of tbo subsuribors and renders of your uxcollent journal; it is her method of raising chickens in tho dead of winter, nn.l tl.ni. -il. t.i.n nr..nt...t b..p i.i intorohted mo. At this dato. Jan. 11th. ...... ...... ...... v..w .'' rsiwuuui.a 1871, sho has in u thriving condition four , l"K0 , .,r ' .. ' Ai 0l i , . . ,' i hundred young chickens, somo 0f tlom ?l"nfor tho other liko a chisel blado, and fully as largo us qiuiiln. This nainn lu.ly I "torwc-nvo among tho top wiros; then raised six .hundred last spring, and Bold "l0 tho chamfered edge down besido most of thorn at her owu door to poddlors, V10 iopt f th. ,)olIl0'!1 ,ttt,!,,.1 1.nI''in un nt tho rat., of ilvo dollars per doIon, cash! !. d.or wIr.,, .two it;uo,s- 1" 'ul,kos Now this lady has ilvo young childruti , o"I'. 1' o, pretty fonco, thatis sovon to euro for, tho oldest not over eight or or nino years of ngo; bnsidos sho milks two cows, makes her own buttor, and ".. . T,.'" ro " " ,"0-uV ."."", ,"r. ,ii . "' " , i Vi i .V "UH"T legs, which is mainly cam i ittoi ding to othor housohold duties, cook- ,, , bo ' , lug, waihing, ota It is tr.io sho haH nn,iiCttti()lm of nn C(Jtml 4 ',UH,)',,!(1' ,,."t ". ,H ,BJjV working , u d t 0 ' at Rom. thing else nbout tho farm. !" says that sho will ruiso eight hundred, iorbai)s ono tlmtiHiiiid, cliiokons this spring, mill 1 think sho will do it. I will describe her method of raising them: us soon as tbo eold wnntlicr sets in, sho Hols hor hens, any that will set, and as noon ns tlio young chicks nro hutched, sho i wiirm .lrv r.wu.i ' fur a warm. Irv room lor ,s, and feeds them on soft taken them to two or tlireiwlav lomlj sho then puts them in tho noons two or HKiro broods with ono hull, and vends tlio mothers of them about tho business of laying eggs, and hatching out morn young, for thu hungry cannibals of San Francisco. As to tlio coops, thoy nro built in tho following maimer: tliuro Is u row of short posts about four feet long; (Iioho potts nro sot in tho ground ns for a fonco, and about four foot apart. Now them is it corresponding number of posts set four or llo fret in tbo rear of tho first, but thoy are much shorter. On tho top of tho two rows is laid u light rail, and nailed; this makes tho posla linn. Tho ...fil. iu i. itrllltf.ni.il t.ll tl.lfi mi. linn. In ri.iu.l.i.iK.tu n.t.l 4lf.l.lli f.f.Vi.m.1 will. I.K..P sliiuglcH, or shakes, no-called by some people. In tho front of tho partition, which is always to tho south, is placed a glum window, of six panos; each pauo lx lit, giving light and heat to tho young chicks in two apartments at tliosamo timo. lhoro nro also pigeon holes at tho bottom for tho yoilliK to uo iu and out: but tliosol)f " roof, and to render a danccrous place can bo closed nt pleasure. Mrs. Thonip - son allows uo rubbish of any kind in tho ooopa. Tho beulon earth for bedding ...'.. . i .I i ' only; and this sho sweeps . loan ovor.v other day, and rovers with hot ashes. I can hardly expect you to find simco in tho crowded I'ldiimus of your viiluablo journal for this long letter. W. T. Kvanh. Dry free!;. KtanislauB county. h'liim thr .V. K IWijla Ituntl I'rtsi. Small Pens and Thoroughbreds. Kuimus 1'iikss: If my hens don't lay next fall when i'uhs am high it will not bo fur tho want of aihicK, for which I thank your cor 1.111., I.'l ..I. .1.1 . II.I...M 11,111 l-KH t. Although my kltiU-uivui has not reverted, tho faol has beeu iliclttd In. Ituiui., that a few here and there respondent, been ooutrov l.....,.,.!. II... i. ...... ,v -,.i...,iiii.. ....... ,,r i..i.. ,.i.... ii,..i. i ... at any soasou of tin. cur they wi.h; n new idea to mo, sure. I would llku to see more In tbo HuiiAi. from tbo poultry brelers of this SState, not altogether from thu dealers ami . . "i . a ... .. poultry lanclerH, inn irom farmers llxe uiyself who have luveMtd hi their lino stock and tried to iuiproxu our poultry jiinlsi them iuuhI bu many such niiiong jour readeis. I am willing to gho my experieneo and way of doing to gi ' homo Ideas Horn others, and see what luck hi. "in, Kin niini.K other farmers aio biuing with fancy Mock. 1 neer could get enough from tbu dunghill vurlily toiiisphoa genuluo i utliustam for the business, im.l idH.ul threo years ago tmested In a trio of White Leghorn, iiml n (no ot Light llrabmiis co.t $00. Of thu llrahmas 1 haw. no reeuuiiueudalloii to make, us llu.v ur.. .. blamu to mjkelf and confess that 1 can't run tbu llrahmus. Hut iu introducing thu White i i,i i. i ii xiiii ...i ii succunswlth me, nor with anyone uIoiik this """" ",0M m, I",'K.0 fyvoiuuons, and thero Is count country; probably it is too cold but as ;'"" by which tho ipuntily rr.piired they an. cousl.lerc.l tbo shuidard fowl ol tbo l'" T," c'"', wguUtiHl. A lever Is also iiiii.m. I uill ilii.t iii. (.mil will. ii.,..,. iv ii,.. couiuvted with tho suniHirts of tbo harrow. Leghorn 1 got my uionej'a worth; thoy nro as l" "''""r.iuo narrow ihiimouiu luomacmiu. good a fowl as any farmer wants and easy to ca".,K' "'l'dotr tho ground and tho roller only run. I can't Niy that they am any hotter than u,"i ."T u ,"Hlr.ll",ltor ' oi'r "'' many other bruids. for I havo uoilrM ihuni, ctkwl . hnullaneou.ly, byiueai.s of tho chain. i,.ii ii,.v ... ii... ,,.!.. i..i .... ...i.i.i ..' baud, which can bo closed, arid tho tlowof seo.l ... ...u ...w ..... i.iiwii ...v... nt... uu ujini.Ri'. not going to agree, lii'tho chicken business, and J1"1 "ll!',,r ,u" l,url,,", "' ow'ug cor" r grass it would never do for us to go in "panU." lie Iof I"rR' aj s that many chicken pens and thoroughbreds ' don't pay at tin ir housu. Now, these aro my Mawjh Schoolm. Bargent, from tho Senate strong ults. 1 bcllevo In many pens, und iu Ooiuinitteu ou Nawil Affairs, has reported 'JlX&u !SUm ,; "-" '"" two hundnsl (owls, ami convert tbo ruughaiid wtUUIiuiout of Marine HchooW, as ouieiuhsl tuuiblo chickeu yurd into numb, rot small by tho Committee, It provides that in order couiuiui.iti.sorfmilii. I havo ten mih, each to promote nautical education, and to edueat Id x JU feet cow-red with laths neveii feet high, otllcers and seamen for the merchant and naval in each )rd abound 6 xlMe-.!'; feel to tho . uiariuo in scicnlttlo and uractical uavlcatiou. , ;' " ' . i- " aim iii ans, iraues aim occupations general xanl; so there is uo need to go into thu tu soman.bii, tho Hjretary of tho i.ill ltt III11II rillkli rlillli 1111.1 in muni lnln II. .n ,.,..., v.... .... uuu.r, ki ij,., iu. wo u,. eniiwweriHl to supply, upon tho pill I havo u rock niid eight lull; aud a clwuer, plication of tho Oovernor of a State mure wiii-io-uo loi ol ouickvus l iibut liail ! il..,riil..a ..f n ..ui. .- v. ami 1 hw "iiKHi thought thut this must bo tho breU. running tog her; aud, with tho same, f red and care. wek iu and week out, give not .piltohalf the number of egg I get from the peus. Asaoou u. I g,t p,u wad. ,1 will uot' r"!v 'J!K :" r..' . l. " sr.. lJ. . 'i?"1 ii Vri i?i ",.K. ,r "wt " " "Ultablo veel, with all her apparel, together well, they .11 bao small housoa Hlid pens, with charts, books uud UutrmueuU, if tliosamo and keep iheir loultry in .mall lots. These ' can bo coiiwiileutly .iMnil, from. Uio 1'uUio eighty hei--lboroiigUbuslLKUor1,.M ill du- Marino Schools.' it each ot to .bore iuuno.1 count any glily lluughilU m tho Stat, for porta, and the. hip. and materiaU so furni.be.! la) iug ; or the jjamo uuiubrr uf thowughbreds may U lon to Vaid citica or States iu which rtiumt.g lu ono llock, with a tow ii.hlp to roam Shry aro .ituated, upon oouditiou that .aid iu. 1 havetho.amo uuiubi-r of hens, but mixed I Hi7-a ... -ill.... ...1L1.1..1. .. i..i. - : ..JSU k I. .!.. .. t. Ui .. . 11.. J - . .1. . . . ,.... ,,.,.,v.b,.i,. uuiitM eiaiea may iieiau naval orator to act iugaeawu. And whu the Uiu. oouies ,ta have .umriuteud.ut or Instruclow of thew all hand out for a rt, 1. . huutiug (or their I .chooU. in coacltuioa tho bill proviJ. that owu living, 11 to. UlloruU, Uim ik-u aud uo person .hall be seuUuctKt to or revived at houaM ar. 1 oapiUl to put a brood of about fort such school, a a yuuUhtueut, or comuiuUUon chick with a (at hen, and bring thru up to'of puuUhtueut . for crime. A broilera by tbo timo you wont tlio bona back again tor business. My oxperlenco baa been tuat n hen loses a smaller percentage with forty chick than with n ilozon, in bucii houses nml Dtiis try it. Mr. M. and ns for thorough- uri-ds. I lifivo Kovcral nicked yards. o( tbo best marked standard fowls, that discount their less bcftnll(ul ,, lajlng rfght-atralght Modr. ho i believe tlio raoro tuorouguurcu tuo better, bo far as Leghorn nro concerned. Gko. W. T. CAIiTn. Ban Gregorio, Feb. 1, 1871. wo bollcTO our correspondent' head is "loy i cl" on tho subject of small pons andthorough- breds. ' From the S. F. 1'acllt lluial l'rtss, " " c'EAr I'oowny YAim.-Sot posts Urmiy jn th0 ground, six feot liigh, iight loot npart. Tnko .No. U wiro, and otrotch ,rom V0H to ''ost outside, fastening with los nmuo oi wiro dnvon into postH. ! J ,nco ,iro wlrc" ,,u nl?"rt. one foot from tho urouiitl: another threo at tlirco feot ton InchoH from tho ground; another tliroo at top of posts. Toko common muis "'"'woavo in, leaving threo luetics spaces betweou tho sides of each, 'Hub .1 mjiKes uio lenco lour loot uigu. Then i"'.u "' ""i"u.s '"" '"lu, "wi-ugui 0V,lrCfl 8u0.nltl, 'l" 1" Homowhnt slack, ui '"t""'"'"'K laths will tako it up. Scaly Li:oH.-This nffuction on fowls' flfli8CELLfJeods. Accidents in Coal Mines. They aril divided broadly iuto fivo eroutm or C',K,fi,. viz., explosions of flro-dnuip, fulls ,)( , , .,,,.. , toruittl. of tbo ,,, or from tbo roof ncchh.nts In shafts from ropes or ctialiix brcaUing, overu hiding, etc, liifHcellnuiious accidents iindxrroiilidi such as oxploHlous of gunpowder, siiflocution from gas, accidents Irom trams and tulis, etc.; and ucci deiitH on tlio Hiirfaco by uiacbinery, lioilcrs bursting, etc Tim total number of deaths in Knglniid from all thoo causes amounted last year to l.OfiO, the mnjoiity of which woro duo to Hcparntci accidi'iilH. Ju tbu first category, I'tpliiHious of lire-damp, tin. deiitlis iniuibered ir.1; In tho sucoiid, falls from the fnco or roofs of iiiIiich, tbi'yiiiunlH)redrl5(l; in tho third, nccl IcntH iii rtliuftM.ILicy iiuinber.d lCij in tbu fourth, iiiIhci'IIiiui'oiih iindrrgronnd iiccideiitri, they uiiiiiliered'217; audiii tbollfth, aocideutsou tin. surface, they niiuiberid 7H. It will bo per ceived that of all Ibi'Mii cIiikh.'S of accident by fur Hit. most fretpieut is the second, that of falls of conl, either from tbo face of tho seam, upon hlcb tho men iiniat work, or from tho roof of tho mine. Vails from tho roof are stated to havo been more than uiually numer ous last year, owing partly to thu larno number of iuexptriuiu-ed hands employed iu the col lieries, It helm that it requires many years' experience, to c nabln a mall to caiicn tbu safety I " ' fl',,lly ,curi. Hut. apart from tho iuestion of . ',M,jlj,'iw. many deaths might huvo Im.ii I?"? " , '1'"fl I"1' j" '" vorkl.ig.plas liail ueeii careful y watched by the pemout iu chsrf.. Woaro glad to se.. tlfat thu Im-pectorh ,Vh nro pretty (!. nerally of opinion, that ii tho provisions ol thu new Mlnlug Act, which oaiiio into operation on January 1, 1873, bo fairly carried out, a material reduction will bo ellerted ill the number and nature of accidents under Ibis head; tlio owner, agent uud manager ' 1 1 iug now held rcKpousiblu fur tlio security of tin roof ami sidei of uvury "traveling road iiinl working placo." .merioin slrftm. Nkw Aoiiicci.iciui. Maciiink Tho KmilLiK JrAiintcsajs! Mi-Hitrs, McDonuuaud l.tueiian, . . , r i . , ,, ., . "' ),'l'. "vo invented machiuu which per- !"t"", I,lu, "I'l'mlloiiH of rolliiig, sowing and ""K hiiiuiI iiiieously. 'I bo roller is of wrouubt iron, riwtod on east iron wheels. "ruiiug n oyhnder six feet in length by three ''l in diameter, linmediately ubmu thu roller iH ,,'1.',owl1" "l'lrutui. by wlilcb tho b.h1 is '"I'ld'y delivered, a star wheel of four points Uuillllllll lllil linll.lllitru ill A.lliurnlki mull.,.. t "r ....uw.i.iiiniii, '"' "'V'1 ' Hl,w"; " l"row of four rows of oh- ii.iui. teem, sei ill ll a central axis, turns tin the faith omi thu seed. T1h harrow is knot iu .... .. ....... ",""' " "y '"' ;""'" elialii or Dell which passes ",l1.".'1. ' !" '"''"" end of tin largo cyhnd.r, """ l",,1I,l", Kroovo " ." K'lmu ""''" '" Vor- fj-smindiiig j ud of thu harrow, l.iery time l"' ''"H1' "'"w turn over, tho circular harrow "t,m m,',r,v '' !". causing tho teeth to !',,r "' 1l1": B"11 u,'!,ul ,"'l,, """''l l ''."" ' th loyd'ttioiw. Meantlino thu seed conductor ""' "iMIIouior rises aim lulls welo times and reals upon fulorum placed at a suitable pari oi uio iraiuo oi mo maclilnp. lly means moppt'ii, -ino nucmuii cn lm eaai v ma.lu to . .j.. ...... . - ., . . pertaining Ny shall written Kv. . or tho an- Vork. Uoatoii. III.......... ,. ...i.t ... .. ' . i uiiaiieipuia, luiiiimoro aim Dau rranoKoo, a uautical whooU for tho .tlucatiou of )outh. d.winiu. of nucring ith mrUtU or itJ marine, or. if already Vu senlco. of liuproViiig their nautical dxrc.tWiTiVitWd tBtoftho m ? w,1tiw h,wu u,; ... ...... ... ..... .... ... ..... "WILLAMETTE FARMER. TrE VeqEJILE QOEfl. The Potato in the Sierras. EDlTons Tbkss : Tbo potato is on American esculent of the most common uie and utility. It enters largely iuto the economy of the house hold; but its quality and excellence depend much upon tho soil, climate and manner of its cultivation. In tho Auburn market tho retail price of tho potato is from SI. 75 to $3.50 per cental, throughout the year, according to tho variety and quality. Tho urtlclo which is of tho least value comes from Sun Francisco, it having been raised either on reclaimed tulo land or on adobo soil, somewhero iu tbo vicinity of tho Ilay and its estuaries. Tho tulo potato U especially disagreeable to tho taste, it being co.trsc-gralned and flabby in its texture, and surcharged with tho odorot tho decay of a supcrabuudant vegetation. Tho Humboldt potato ranks high in quality, and holds n cehbrity which It has lougeiijo)td. Hut without disparagement it may bo said that tlio potato that is cultivated high up in tbo Si erra Nevada mountains ta tho best that is raised auyuhore in tho Stato, It is hard aud close grained. It flesh is redolent of tho woody uattiro of tho sandy loam whero it is produced; and, after it has beeu placed In a hot stove oven for some time, it becomes perfectly tooth some. It has different names, according to tho locality in which it is cultivated. Henco, ou the west lido of thu Summit there is tlio Auburn, Clipper Uup, Gold Hun aud Dutch Flat potato; whilo ou the oast aide of the Sier ras there is the iioca, Itcuo and Lake Taboo potato. During the last few years, tho mountain po tato has Men -successfully raised, and sent to market from localities of different elevations ubovo tido-water, ranging from D20 to 5,000 foot iu altitude. Tho Doca potato, which is cultivated ou the banks of thu Truckcu river, at tho highest point named, calls for tbo gold medal iu oxcellenoo; whllu tho ltcno, at an elovatlon of l.WS ft,, claims thosilverpromium; and tho Newcastle potato, at an elevation of 020 feet above tldo-wutur, has honorable men tion of quality ubovo nil tbo tulo and adobo potatoes which aro raised around the bay of hau Francisco. Hero iu tho foothills, at au elovatlon of only 1,!1S5 feet above tide-water, tho following is my method of cultivating tho potato: Chooso a sandy loam i,oil, having a slight inclination lu some direction 'cover it in Decembor with well rotted stable uiantiru; In February or March, plow a foot deep, carefully turning tinder every thing 011 tbo siirfacu; harrow tin 11 thoroughly. During tho lust of March commence to plant. Stake off the ground iu rows threo fett apart. Open drills a foot deep in the line of the rows. Lay down the cuttings ono foot opart. Cover them with a compost of manure from tbo poultry-yard and hard or oak-wood ashes, carefully prepared, to thu depth of four or live iuches. Then till the drills with soil. Afterwards, open a small ditch between tho row with tho corner of u boo. Irrigate gently onco a week, keeping tbo ground continuously aud constantly damp or moist, but uot Hooded. Wheu tho stalks uio up a foot or so high, boo 'onco, and no more. Afterwards, pull up tho weeds by band. Irrigato with muddy ditch water, us that will drive out tlio gophers, stop up their holes aud fertilize tho soil. Continue to plaut every two weeks from the 1st of April to iho 1st of Juno; planting tho curly rosu variety tlrst, and after ward tho old peach blow for tho main or gen eral crop. Dig the potato only wheu it is ripe; tluishing tho harvest iu Nowmber, before tho annual ruins commence. It is to bo hoped that over) body will not start iu to ralso potatoes, us that would spoil thu market and reduco tho retail price. This nrliclo is not intended tor the perusal of thosu farmers who obtain their livelihood by raising oats, barley, or wheat hay, at one-third or ouo half of u tou per acre, uud then buy their po tatoes nt from ?'J to $3 per cental, llcuco they will take uo offence ut tbo speciality of tho description of potato raising, either iu tho foothills orlu tho high Siorras. T. S. Miiiick. Auburn, Jan. Ul, 1871, Our corresiKiudeut need uot fcor the slight est companion us regards his method of rais- lug potatoes; forexcelleutasit is without doubt, but very fow will plant potatoes for tho supply of tho large.Stato and iuterlor markets, whero they havo to tiso special manures, or any ma. uuro ut all, iu tho quantity mentioned by our foulhill potato grower. Nor would tho cover ing of tho Sued afootdiep.be generally con sidered good udvlco ns applicable to our rich valley lauds. However, ins method of cultiva tion is Interesting as showing how soil, climate, irrigation, or all combined, may call for pecu liarity iu mode of cultivation to secure tho best results, yrom tht S. F. lWfie 7iimil J'nu. Is the Filere Indigenous? Krem tho lUeirio IUiul !.. Knrrons l'ltEss: In tho description of lllero in No. J of tho lli'nit, Purss, by lUlnh Hum bier, ho state it us a common error to suppose Itts iudigouou to Culiforui. 1 differ with him, and I will give my reason: First, Its general distribution ou tbo 1'acitlc slope uud iu other localities whero tho known modes of iuttoductiou will hardly apply. 1 have seta it iu ubuudauce while crossing the plains iu Salt Lake Valley and other place. Filere, AVoifiwm rfctitiiritim aud tnoschatum are not, I think, the only species of tho genera found hero. 1 have lioted a third specie. K. cltuUirium is branched and axial iu it intlorenceuce; the other is 1 dom or never so, It only tend out leave ra diating and densely imbricated, the peduncle or tlower stem rising from tho center o( the plaut, Waring a tuft of tlower at it apex similar iu .no auu coior 10 iuo oilier tocle. The order crrllrt(lcre i well represented iu California. I have noted one or two iecieof geranium, au other geuu of the order, aud there may bo uiure. I Ihiuk U. It. might a safely assert the genus I V.'.iryosiuin, found in uch abundance iu South ern Africa, was iutroduced there by settler of Uiose place from the beautiful pot plant which grace our conservatories aud aro found iu al most ewiry cottage. Wauku. 11, Suuu. Florin, Sacramento county, January 27. Nirnu a Fuxi, nut Locomotive. The Hussiau Steamship and Hallway Compauy anuouuee that they havo fonud naptha, for steam geueraliou iu locomotive, very advan tageous. The uiattrial employed by iho com ivtuyt the crude oil from the Caucasiau aud Volga region, and compared by weight the amount consumed wM'about one-half that of coal. Tho arrangemeut for buruiug naptha is stated to ba.utjiucb. a wtfure.,tht no.ditlhiulty will be exaeitesjoed in wbtltatinii oua for roil consumption. In place of it. should it be found desirable to,, do g '" 5 - '- A Common Sense View of the Irrigation Question. Entroiw PnEsii-Iu-the last tinmber of your paper, you nude somo allusion to Bush s Irri gation Bill. Since then, a bill has been pre pented by Vennble, and both the bills are now before the Legislature, as one or the other of these bills is likely to bo passed. It is very important that tbo merits and demerits of both should bo discussed, and made plaiu to the public understanding, both in tho Legislature, find in tho nowsnapers moro particularly lu thoso devoted to the farming interests, such ns tho Hubal 1'niifS. .... , 1, . u Tho first bill presented, that by Mr. Bush, was originally iutendod for a Stato law, and provided for u Stato Superintendent, appointed by tbo Governor, n District Superintendent, (now County Superintendent), and three water Trustees iu each local water district tbeso lust had tho real charge of the business. Tho District, uud Stato Superintendents had both nn advisory mid mandatory power over tho Trustees, in case tho latter attempted to over step the limits of their oulhoiity; butin almost every cahe, tho peoplo of each district through thtlr Trustees had the culire control uud man agement of their own private affairs; nil voting being dono by tho representatives of property taxable for irrigation purposes. Without nny regard to their political qualifications, tho in tention was to make tho people of each district on bicofuiifurj joint block com;vmiy. Tho bill f..ll.. n...1 rtnt....lnl..lv v-unrtnlifvitil II. A flollt. ami iiiiij mill i.u,uji..mj .kw... ...- . - --o -, - also the nbility of tho peoplo to muuago their owu nffalrs. There wus so little machinery aud red tapo about tt, tuat wltnin mo Bpaco 01 two months nfter tho passage of tho bill, ovcry water district could bo fully organized, nud havo commenced their Survey nud construc tion of their Irrigation works, and tbo crown ing priuciplo of tho whole was, that the peoplo voted to tax themselves, and tbe tax had to bo paid iu cash. It also contains a provision, which will effectually proveut auylhlng like overcharging favoritism by auyprivnto.compa- y- . ., L, 1 no uui miroauccu oy mr. venaoio Is exactly tbo opposite of this in every respect, and seems to bo based upon tho Idea that the farming community are a lot of ignorant clod hoppers, who aro not 11UI0 to manage their owu busiucss. It provides for tho appointment of threo Irrigation Commissioners, who aro to commence thoir business in the most approved red tapo style, by tho appointment of n Hoard of Lngincers; then they divhlo tho slato iu tho districts, uud when application has boon duly made to their Lordilnpi, by petition, tho en gineers proceed to niiikoa survey; then, if ap proved by tlio commissioners, nfter going through a number of useless formalities, au election is ordered (after being advertised for thirty days) by tho qualified voters who pay taxes on irricablo property, who aro to voto for or against tlio lovylug of n tax aud tho Issuing of bonds for tho construction of irrigating works. If decided in tbe uinrnintlve, then tho commissioners proceed to construct said works, and after they nro finished, they appoint ouo of their understrappers touinuago tho property, employ tho hands, distribute tho water, aud havo the eutiro uiaunucmeiit of ovcrvthiui'. sub ject to tho approval of tho Commissioners. So long as no pleases them, tt does uot matter how littlo ho stilts tho people, who uso tho water, and pay for tho whole. The whole plan of this bill seeuiB to havo been to create tho largest number ot salaried officials, aud to provide for tho largest posslblo useless expeudituro of money, aud tho smallest possible performance of work, aud tho largest possiblu delay iu doing it. Besides, lustoud of doing tbo work for cash, they sell an uulimited amouut of bonds, for what they can get for them. There seems to bo uo check upon these men's cxtravagauco ; construction would bo both slow and costly, under this bill. The far mers, me parlies most interested, would not havo tho slichtcst lutlucuco iu reculatiui: the disposition of their mouey. Everything would no controlled uy iuo ueutrai Triuuiviruto. 1 huvo read and re-road this bill carefully, and havo deliberately como to the conclusion that if Dickens' "Circumlocution Ofllco" had tried to get up n similar bill, on tho priuciplo of "AoirNuf to do 1," it is extremely doubtful If they could have surpassed this ouo. It bus beeu objected that tho bill of Mr. Hush was 11 county, nud not a Stato bill. It is a county bill simply because after consulting with tho members of thelrrigutiou Committees he thought it Impossible to pass a Stato law, uud ns his constituents wero vciy nuxlous for tho passage of the law, bo out it down to it present coudltlon. If desired, it cau bo easily restored to its previous couditlou as a State law. Tbo whole aim of it authors was to euublo tbo different irrigating committees to do their own work in Iheir own way. I ntu one of thoso who tbluk that tho people nro fully competent to do their own work. The inter ests uud wauts of different districts aro bo varied that uo general rule can bo made that will apply to nil; uud tho very best men to manage aud subserve those iuterests, aro tho trustees whom tbo people would be likely to select from uuioug themselves. Tho plan of having this Irrigation business managed, iu all its details, bv thu nnnnlnt.,.,.. of a central authority, i coutrary to the spirit of our institutions, uud I am astonished that such a bill should over have been seriously thought of, much less presented to the Leglsla- 1. lie. I earnestly hope that the Venablo bill will uot pass. It would bo better to have uo bill than that oue; nud I also hope that the power ful iutlueuce ot tho I'iilss will be used to aid the p.isago of Mr. Hush's bill or some bill of that charucter. Hesieetfitlly, W. H. Ouex. Auabeim, Feb. 1st, 1874. From the S. F. i'jeiio JJuraJ Fits. Farm Help. Krous tut l-icino Itrait raut. Hnrrou 1'iiem; The Granger' wife iu Jnn uary 10th of the I'skss, give her opinion lu re gard to the trcatuieut of hired men. She also give her experience with oue ot them. Now 1 ha e been a f armer'a w if 0 20 year, and I pro pose to give viy expeiicnce aud speak a good word for hired help. Most assuredly the hired mau has a right to expect kind and consider ate treatment by those who employ them. Iu all my experience wlthhired men I have found them (with a few executions decent. Me.n aud aa a general rule, very well behaved. The wronger wile lu Deo. Cth, thiuk it well to let them Bleep iu their dirtv blaukcianutilther nr educated up to a degree ot oloaulincs that will maxe u sale lor u to havo thorn iu the hou.e. Now I do uot believe a mau is going to try much to inmniv. I,ln,..ll n l.i .,...,..... ". loug as he is not considered good enough to eat at our table or .it by our fire, r think our duty lie plain before u. Let us not treat those iu our employ a though we considered they were disgraced because they work for au honest liviug. The life of tbe hired man i a naru one at Mat; let us encourage him to trivu foy lomethlng higher aud better. Merced county, January '23, 1S7L , DEWEY Sc CO.; American & Foreign Patent Agents, OFFICE. J38 MONTOOMKRV STIinET, 8. F. fho best, speediest, and surest method for you to obtain patcuts, file caveats, or transact any other Important business with the Patent Office at Washington, or with foreign coun tries, is through the agency of DEWEY & CO., rUBLISIIEHS OF THE MINING AND SCIENTIFIC 1'BESS, SAN FHAN CISCO, nn nblo, responsible, nnd long-established firm, nud tho principal agonts ou this sldo of tho continent. Thoy rofcrto tho thous ands of inventors who have patronized them, aud to all prominent busiuess men of tho Pacific Coast, who nro moro or less familiar with their reputation as straightforward jour nalists nnd pntent solicitors nnd counsellors. Wo not only mororeadily approhond tho points and secure much moio fully nud quickly the patents for our homo Inventors, but with the lutlucuco of our carefully read and extensively circulated journals, wo nro enabled to illus trate tho intrinsic merits of their patents, nnd secure n duo rownrd to tho iuvcutor, besides serving tho public who nro mororendy to give n fair trial, aud adopt n good thing, upon tho recommendation of houost aud intelligent publishers. To Obtain a Patent, well-constructed modol isgcnorally first need ed, if thu invention can well bo thus illustrated. It must not excoed 12 inches in length or bight. When practicable, a smaller model is oven mora desirable. Paint or engrave tho name of tho article, aud tho nauio of tho inventor, aud his address upon it. Send tho model (by express or other rollable convoyanco), plainly addressed, to "Dkwbt & Co., MiNi.NO and SciK.NTiria Pukss Omct, San FiiANCisco." At tho sumo timo, sond a full description, embodying all tho ideas and claims of tlio inventor respecting the im provement describing tho various parts aud their operations. Also sond $10 currency, amount of first fee of tho Govornmont. Tbo enso will bo placed ou our regular filo, tho drawings oxoouted, nnd tho documonts mado up, and soon sont to the inventor for signing. As soon as signed aud returned to us with the fees then duo us, it will bo sont straightway to tho Patent Offlco nt Washngton. When tho invcutlou cousists of a now artlclo of manufacture, a medicine, or a now compost tlon, samples of tho scparatod ingredients sufficient to mako tho oxporimout (unless thoy nro of a common aud well-known char acter), aud also of tho manufactured article itself, must bo furnished, with full description of the eutiro preparation. For Processes, frequently no model or drawings aro necessary. In such case, tho applicant has only to send us an exact description, ami what is desirable to claim. For designs uo models nro necessary. Dupli cate drawings ure required, and tho specifica tions nud othor papers should bo made up with care aud accuracy. In some iustanc.es for design patcuts two photographs, with the uogativc, answer well lustoad of drawing. For further information, sond a stamp for our illustrated circular, containing a digest ot Fails-: Laws, 112 illustrated mechanical move mcuts, and Hints aud IssTnucnoNs regarding tho liuuiTS nud rniviLEOKU ot irivontors and patcutecs, which will bo furnished post paid. Also a copy of NEW PATENT LAW of 1870. Aililreu XHCW13Y A. CO., FcBUinuu, Tatcnt Aattm axd EsaruTUU,. No. 339 Montgomery street, 8, F. The Mining and Scientific Press Marching Onward. Our croful istcm of coniplllog, Judiciously eon dentins', and conveniently .rnnglnK Into reg-ultr do pirtmenti, bu been lieutilr endorsed. It render Hi I iicr worth moro to remders, who can nnd handily tha wlilcb Interetta I he la uoit. The weekly litues of tbo I'uiis will contain reliable Information for Practical Miners, Tmtlng on the Opening of Mines 1 Mining of Ores Milling- of Ore: Hmeltlng ot Ore Separation and ltoutiug of Ore. 1 Amalgamation I Baring ot Oold and allprrclouMctalt New rrocetse. ot Metallurgy; Now Ulsrovcrie ot lilacs j Mining Engineering and Hy draulics. For Inventors, Mechanics and Manufac turers. A.ll..ne?r anJ Important development! In Scientific and Mechanical Progress) I'atrnla and Inventions of Iliel'acinoHtati.j Progress ot Home ludastriea j Uinta for Local Manufacturer! Illustrations of New Ma cnlnerr 1 Reports of Popular ricleutlne aud Induatrlal Lectuna. Our Mining Summary awee tho progress of mining work from week to week In thy various counties and districts throughout the principal raining nylons of the United States, arranged In . phabetlcal ordir. It la the most extenalvo record ol mining operations published in the world. It affords Uio lutt-lllKrnl miner . ram opportunity to know and profit by tho work and experience of his neighbors. Miners havs few tourcea of practical Information In their calling, and should embrace every reliable mean lorlnipro ement. Mining Operatora aud Shareholders, at home aud abroad, weekly eianilu our Buniniary with lucruaaed Interest and profit. Our " Domestic Economy " inbr aces new and Important fact which ahould b known In every cabin aud houaebold. Bhorl and Inter. wtlug-th articles an.Ur thla heading are freely read and practiced with profit aud Improvement to the read, era. Therana I not atrlctlra "paper for professional, scientific men," but rather a Liberal and Popular Scientific Journal, Well calculated to make practically scientific men from our Intelligent muses, inla Is our atronghold for ac. iSltlltlllritilti. ii.klI 1)1.1.. ..- i... ., .. . .." ..-"......,.,,. III.U1UX IUKU.1I, eaUr comprehended br all. confln.,1 tnaii in nhnrt articl cue. is our endeavor. For Self-Improvement, Etery Issue ot the Paua abounds with article! of an elevating character, to stimulate the higher virtues and natures and progressive Intellect of both man and women. Hundreds of Dollars Are oftentimes saved to the reader of this paper by a elugle hint or article of Infonnailou in Ita colnmn. Such Instaucus havo been repeatedly reported tit lbs ... ?! "ia Proprietor during their long connection with the Paua, Onr paper present The New and Novel Developments In the progrea ol this comparatively atw section of th billon (but iwceutly settled and now rapidly Increang with a populaUon of the most Intelligent and venture siime people, attracted from nearly every quarter and clime on the globe) . enable na, with due enterprise, to dlipUy vigor aud frvhues In our eolomn. not met with In similar Journals elsewben. The. aaine circum. kV"? .. re,nJ'r uch paper mote especially valu. ..eJ.,.u,7,trlan,w'1"1 toacartaln measure, untried field, where the beat methods and procewes cf lndutry am not. fo vtell estaiiUahidor traditionally knon n aa In older communltlra. Published experiences oltu aato costly experiment and dlaaatroua rwulu. A Great Variety of Industrial Information, In brief and (reah forui,uud loth want and laatea otherwtrt so timely, or in ao cheap and convenient ,'",' A ,hidutrtal publication, meeting tbe want of so many klndrvd laduui-e, thla Journal sUads pre eminent an without precedent. ' M, SubaertpUoai payable in ajranee-ft -per annum Single coptea, po,t paid, JO cent. A.ddre. DEWEY & CO., ? Mnmio and 8ci3mno 1'aw aud Pacoto Btr- aj. rrw Offlw, 333 Montgomery St., 8. F.