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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 14, 1874)
SJTlW AT TTTT-TTMA. T. JAM -Er&irhsr- HA1 3 UsipUL IflpoiuuvT'O"- Why do Paints Dry 7 II m provd long ago, that llneeed oil, when exposed to th lr, becamo covered with bard emit, uil that tbla omit 1 produced Jby the absorption of oxygen, Paint mads (ram oil and coloring muter alone doe not dry because it parts with any thing or because it gives off j T'l ,r' ou Pv" i neoomes Hard by he action of the atmosphere. It U stated in a recent work1 on painta that oil does not form even the basis of a paint. , Thia la 'more technical than Judicious. Oil alone, if laid on in thin, sucoessivt coat, beoomea Terj .hard and forma a durable and impervloue v slab, which protecu the wood beneath almoat aa well aa paint wonld do, at leaat ao far aa molturs and air are oonoerned. Againat the aun'e raja, howerer, it la a poor defenae, lint aa it haa been fonnd Impossible to apply a sui flclent coat of thia Tarnlah lu any thing like a resaonsble time, the oil haa in general been miied with Tarioaa colored powder on pig menta, which thicken it and thai enable ua to lay on a heavier coal. Man; of tbeae pigments hare no action on the oil, and it ia alwaja beat that they ahonld hare so action. Compound! of lead, which are known to form chemical compound with the oil, are among! the Terr poorest palnta. White lead ia confessedly one of the leaat efficient of all our preservative agents, tha authority referred to to the contrary notwithstanding. When paint la applied toafreah surface of wood, it often appear to dry In a abort lltno. In thia caae. however, it will be found that the paint baa. not really dried, but that the oil baa been absorbed by the wood; and In thia case the pigment la often left In the form of a fria ble powder, loosely adherent to the aurface to which It was applied. It rub off Terr easily. Tblt occur to a lea extent with white lead than with any other paint, (Imply because the lead combines with, it oil and holds It on the auriaoe, tnus preventing It sinking in. .We are inclined to regard thia feature aa one which con fers no advantage upon whtU lead. It la proba bly bet ter for th wood that a much oil aa possi ble ahould soak into It, and it ia no great disad vantage that the paint of tha first coat ahould not adhere strongly. Where economy ia an ob ject, the absorption of the oil Is prevented by first applying a coat of cheap siring.. The size fill up the pores of tha wood, aud prevents the ainkiug in of the oil. For in-door work, this anawera very well, but for out-door purposes it ia objectionable, , put all paints do not dry n the manner that we have mentioned. For in-door work, where i( ia desirable, that the paint ahould dry rapidly and have a dead or non-reflecting aurface, f taint la generally miied with turpentine. Thia a volatile oil, which passe off rapidly when expoaed to the air, and thus leavea the paint behind a a thin crust. This ability of tha Ealnt to resist atmoapheria Influence is there y lessened; and this, for in-door work, I a matter of no consequence. It would be wrong, 'perhaps, to aay that the oil of turpentine passe off entirely by evaporation, aa a amall 'portion probably beoomea oxidated and re mains behind. The amount ao retained la, however, very email. Amtrtcan llomtstead. A New WxATncn Vim. Th old weather cock baa two essential fanlta; it indicatea a di rection when then la a dead calm. It gives no mean of learning the force of th wind; while it falia to show the true course of the aame, by exhibiting merely ila horizontal component. SI. Tany proposes the arrangement to be at tached to the ordinary lightning rod. Just above a suitable shoulder on the latter ia placed a copper ring, grooved and made into a pulley easily rotated In a horizontal plane. Around thia paaee a knotted oord, the end of which are secured to the extremities of a short stick or metal rod, to which ia secured a simple treamer. Thus constructed the vane indicatea a calm by falling vertically, and beaidea shows the strength of the wind by being blown out more or less from th lightning rod, A I ev ident, it ia capable of motion in every direc tion, so that if then exist In the wind an upward tending vertical component, the aame will be shown. 1 'i TaxHixo Lims-Siiks with tbi Wool ok. Wash the pelt in warm water, and remove all fleshy matter from the inner aurface ; then clean th wool with yellow sesp, and rinse the aoap thoroughly oat. When this I don apply to In flesh aide the following mixture for each 'pelt f Common aalt and alum, one quarter of a pound of each, and ball an ounce of borsx, dissolved In a quart of warm water; add to thia enough rye-meal to make a thick paste, and spread the mixture on the flesh aide of the pell. Fold the akin lengthwise and let it re main two week In an airy and abady place, then remove the past from the sdrfscsj waali and dry. When nearly dry scraps Ike flesh aide with a kuife, working the pelt nntll It be oomea thoroughly toft. New Way ol Coloring Metal. It ia announced that metal may be colored quickly and cheaply by forming on their aur face a coating of a thin film of a sulphide. So for luatanoe bras article may be thus in five minute coated with any color varying from gold to copper red, then to carmine, dark red, and from light anllln blue to a bin white, like ulphid of lead, and at last a reddlah white, according to th thickness of th oot, which depend on the length of time th metal re main in the eolation need. The colore posse th moat beautiful luster, and if the article lo be colored have been previously thoroughly cleaned by mean of acids and alkalies, Ihey adhere so firmly that Ibev may be operated upon by th poliahiog steel, -To prepare lb solution diaaolv Wt ounces of hyposulphite of oda in 1 pound of water, and add l1, ounces of acetate of lead dtsaolved In ', pound of water. When thi clear aolutlou la heated to 1903 to 2103 Fahr., It decomposea slowly aud frecipitalea aalpblte of lead in brown nocks. I metal is now present, a part of the aolphlle of lead ia deposited thereon, and, according to the thlckneaa of th depoaitad sulphite ol lead, th above-mentioned beautiful luster color are produced, To produoe an tven coloring, the articlea unat be evenly heated- Iron treated with this solslioa takes a eteet-btu color; slnej ,a brown color j loth case of copper object, the Aral gold color do not appear ; lead and and sins are entirely indilTi rent. If instead of the acetate of lead an eqasl weight of ulphuri acid ia added to th Bypoeulphlls of soda, and the process carried on aa before, the bras is covered with a very beautiful red, which U fol lowed by a green, (which I not In the Art, mentioned seal of ccjors,) and changes Busily. r to a splendid brown with green and red irifr glitter. This last is a very dttrabl coating, and may find epeclaj attention in 'manufacture, Very beautiful insrbtaiasd design can ba pro duced by using a lead solution thickened with auceu j rj nT?... m.i. ww tinted Saioofahr., and is afterward treated by the . . (iit.,.ti.i 1 k Altttlrn usual aolution oi suipume one. " may I tued several times. PiMMiXD TniDronnov or Fmane wfm. our Pinnc. Experiment performed ln"ths phytiologleal laboratory of Heidelberg by due iave Woltthugel, under KQhne'a direction, have ieu to ins ramus essentially differing from those of Von Wlltich and previous experi menter. 1. WotrTbagrl And that papain ia uut uiuuaaoio. is. aunt uu rjviona Dianas urn. duce no pepsin. 3. That both hydrochloric and citrlo acids in eolation, containing 0 t per cent, at a temperature of CO" 0., are capable of dissolving boiled fibrin, though somewhat aiowiy, ana oi converting it into peptone. t . Thia power of forming peptone 1 . perceptible in both acid at a temperature of 0?,O. (104 F.) Though the action of nitric acid is decidedly slower, on thi account nltrio acid Is to be preferred to hydrochloric in experiment on the presence and action of pepsin. , BaiooonoT described a lugar obtained from' mushrooms which was found tobe mannlto. A. Mnnte nmlnoJ ih.m! .tlfvx hi ..ulu - ---.-.- W.HVH . HUHIIU, ,IFV(BI and in some no manolte waa found, but a augar wnicn wa undoubtedly trehalose or myoose; some contained both augar. ' Qooo HBV-TH Catching Cold. Catching cold I "a easy as lying." but to explain th pathology thereof Is by no mesne so readily don. In fact, nntll th reoent re- earche of Dr. Rossnthsl, whose work on th subject Is attracting much notlo In Europe, almost nothing was known about it except the mere fact that th ailment popularly ascribed to "cold' are liable to oocur after th body, or some part of it, has been snddcnlycblllrd, that Is, cooled below th normsl temperature. There are two factor ooncerned In thia chilling process; the nature of th external medium suoh a air or water in contact with the body; and the condition of the blood-veasela. . Dry air baa very little power to abstract bout, if it be still; but a slight wind, from tha coo slant contact of fresh particles of cold air on th surface of the body, soon carrlra off its heat. It, then is much moisture combined,' th chilling effect reacbe It maximum. Ex perience baa abown that It I not ao much the abaotuie lowness of temperature which gives rise to colds, as sudden changes from a higher to a lower. The reason of thia waa not under stood until Dr. Iloaenthal explained It. Whon the aurfac of a healthy animal la exposed to cold the cutaneous vessels contract, and by thus confining th blood to th interior of the body, prevent it eoollng, and pruerve the temperature of th vital organ, unless the so plication of oold b continued for a consider able time. Thi is not lha caae, however, when tha aaltnal ha been previously expoaed to warmth. The outaueoue vessels beoonie para lysed by the hut, and remain dilated even after th oold ha been applied. The blood ia thua exposed over a large aurfaoe and become rapidly cooled, even though the temperature fo the surrounding tnediam is not very low. In Rosenthal' experiments, animala were kept from 07 to 10 degree F. The tempera tare of th animal themaelvea quickly rose during their confinement to 111 or 113 degree. After their removal it not only aank to the nor mal temperature, but even below It, ao that an animal which was from 108 to 111 degree In lb warming apparatus fell to 00.8 degrees, and remained at that for several days, although the room in which it was kept was moderately warm. Confinement in a close office, bot theater, or crowded ball-room, will have a similar affect on man. From auch place, people pasa out into the cool, open alr.or sometimes evenpurposely station themaelvea In a draught. The blood, which is coursing through the dilated vesaelsof every part of the surface, is rapidly cooled, and, on it return to the internal organs, cools them much more quickly than It could have done had lha person almnlv been ex nosed to coldwlthoui dilatation of the vesaela ly previous warmth Iloaenthal lays much stress on the creel effect of audden cooling In bringing on a cold, the sudden change In the teraiwrsture of the blood producing sn Irritating effect, and Inducing in namatlon in auy weak organ in a way that a gradual alteration would not do. It would aeem, however, that lb alteration mast be from a temperature above to one below the normal temperature of th blood,-and not a mere reduction from one considerably above the normal to one at or near it. ' When much heated we may staud for a abort time In a cool atmosphere with impunity ; but if we atand long enough to produce a ahlver, we inn a great risk of catching cold. The fact that it ia more dangerous to sit for a long time in wet clothes, appears to Indicate that a con alderabla aud more gradual cooling, auch aa may then occur will produce aimilar effects to a alight cooling suddenly effected by exposure to a oold draught after being in a chill, in caus ing lnflammaUocs may be partly due to the ef fect of cold on th tissue themaelvea, and partly to th congestion which will occur in some parts when th blood ia driven out of others by the contraction of their vessels, Rosenthal 1 Inclined to ascribe the chief power to the former cause. Everybody know tha beneficial Sect of oold bathe, sold sponging, t., in "hardening " person, a it is termed, so that they are able to face almost any weather and to endure audden change of temperature without Injury. Iloaenthal considers that the frequent application of cold water or cool air increaaea the lone of th cutaneous vessels, si that they do not become so much relaxed by heat aa to be unable to contract with sufficient force when necessary. Tha Dower of reaulatins th temperature ia ihot preserved, and ibe per son prevented from catching cold. Journal of CAerniifry Tnx Tiirjur-sunc U or Day I'owdibid Blood. Ur. De l'ascale. ol Nice, several vrara ago published some observatlone on the very beneficial effect of warm blood taken the mo ment when extracted from the calf or ox, killed for general domeatio use. lie described at that time aeveral caaea of hxmoptysls, lu wnicn a ooupieie cure nau ueen anectea ty thi treatment. Iu a paper recently published, be stair that, finding among his English and American patients at Nice an unconquerable reooirnano to auch a remedy, be waa led to adopt lb plan of giving tha blood In the form ol dry powder. This la merely tha revival of a practloe which was in yogue many year ago, and which ha occasionally been tried in thia country, lb Uood of lb ol, after being dried in a water-bath, I reduced to a very fine Cowder, and grated through a sieve. Dry loud csn be taken for any length of time, be ing almoat tasteless, and no repagnano ia likely to b felt, as i of ten the csm with raw meat. It can be taken a aay common pow der, mixed with soup, milk, marmalade, or chocolate, or enclosed in a wafer. In sum caaea, where even th nam of blood might hav offsnded tha patient, Dr D Faaoale baa givsa it. .mixed with a eaaall quantity of pepsin, under the nam of "nutritive powder.' The a oantttybs prescribes, has ysried according t is age, sex, or the slat n heahh and , diges tive power of the patient. .In general, b be gins with' thirty grains, which Is i ncrtaaed ac cording to circuuiittUMs; but the quantity must lie left to the discretion of th physician. I Burr ron Faor serosa of Towws ak Branm. It is worthy of remark that ti" arranging of we sireeia aoooruing so toe caramel poinia in volves a sanitary objecllon'ef no mean Import. No tact is better MUbliahed than th neoeaaity of sunlight to health, and no oonsUtnlloa can long enoure, witnout in ececia, toe total priva tion of ila health-giving power. Every hbuse on th South aid of a street vanning East and West must have its front rooms, which ara generally its living , rooms,, entirely deprived of the sun during the summer. This fact, coupled with that of the Indoor life of Amer ican, and particularly Western woman t ii enough to account for a very large share of tha nervous debility which ao generally prevails. If th rectangular ayatem'tnust be adhered lo in city arrangement, it. would b far better that th line of atresia ahonld be . Northwest and Southeast, and, the cross streets at right angle with them, than aa now dlspoaed; In thi caae ins rooma in irons or in rear oi a none emov st leaat saaahtn in th morning or evening. a strong prooi luai sunsmne is wnoicsome is found in th fact that durinn acidemia ncool occupying room not exposed lo (untight are comparatively much wore off than those who enjoy tnat Ulesilng. JMnurucfurrr and JluUdtr, Dopis-pc EcopopY Food. Though man does not live by bread alone, th bread portion of hi suttenano I of very great Importance, Ignoring tha body I a fruitful lu mischievous reeuita a living for It alona. Body and aoul are ao dependent on each other that what affects on affect th other, and th more finely, organized th body and the aoul of auy person may be, tha greater must b hi car to keep th two ,ln perfect harmony, , i i , ' It nuke a world of difference,-what on eatv 'Nq olasa of people, are ao particular about their iooii, inequality, the mode of cook ing, and'the manner of serving, aa those who live by their brains.1 They know that the hu man animal who would keep In th blghmt working order must 'be as' carefully groomed, aa nicely fed, a perfectly appointed a Gold smith' Msld br Dexter, aud they lay their plana accordingly. The cooklnrf a' potato, tha com pounding a cup oi cone,' iu broiling a atake, the making and baking a loaf of bread, ara to them of vital Importance, aa indeed, they ahould be to everybody. A great many people never stop to'enqulr what particular diet is beat for them, but followina the inlnnction of St. Paul, la a ene nerer intended by blrn, eat wuai ia vet oeior inem, Baling noqueations for conscience sake dr any other aake. If "hog and hominy" Is th etandard dish, they live on that; if hot aoda biscuit and stesk fried In lard are provided, that must reinforce their strength and content their appetites. It I (melancholy fact that horses and cow and dog are more Intelligent feeder than moat human being, and by natural consequence, they rarely bay dyspepaia, gout or humors. II men and women would be governed in their diet by reason as rigidly as brutes are by Instinct, a large por tion of th ill that flesh I heir to would never be heard of. How many who read thi column understand the chemistry of food, and know just what they must est to make them warm, what food build up bone and sinew, and muaole, and what will best supply ths nervous waste? Ilow many understand the effect of diet on th tomDer and disposition of the mind, and avoid whatever win mas mem irritable, stupid ami melancholy r Ilow mauy mother regulate tha food of their children with reference to these results, and by so doing secure the tranquillity of their entire households? How msny students ere there, who. dive to the Importance of nroner diet, eat only food "convenient for them?" The object of tbla article 1 not so much to Im- Sart knowledge to awaken In other mlnda a rair to investigate thi subject In its various bearing. Tber are book full of information of nil aorta respecting the chemistry of food, th composition of bone, and muscle, and brain, and blood, which, if generally understood, and their suggestion carried oat, would go far to banish uckneaa, and crime, and want. A'. ', Witu IK TBI Botrss. A prominent writer says! "Lei nobody ba deterred from bringing water in the bouaa by any fear of failure and perplexity. You might just a well stop th circulation of blood in tha body beoauae it I abject to derangement, a to refuse tha circa, latlon of water in th houa because now and the a pipe overflows, and your frescoes are ruined, flood workmen will prevent sny snch accident, but if they cannot, give up your fres coes; do not giv np yoar life blood. When I eec the (ruihuie, lie dairies, th kltchu, whose only source of supply is the well In the yard, or the bngshesd at th back door, how life would be lengthened aud sweetened if (11 thia hesvy, snd hard snd slow water-bringing could be supplanted by a turn of a screw, 1 wonder inai we ao not manage to introduce t, somehow, into oor marriaue contracts. What an Increaaa of vital foro would ensue; what a diminished demand for divorce; what a strengthening and upbuilding of th family bond, if a girl should refuse to marry until tber was an Inexhaustible aupply of water, al least mine siicnen a nous witnoai water works oucht to be considered as Incomplete as a bona without doors, and as 'incomplete in the eountry as in the city." Ilow to Cook Faian Fisu. After fresh fish have been dreaaed well and washed, roll them in Indian meal, (after being sifted of course,) pat them Into a bot spider when there baa been a large spoonful or two of lard melted. Sprinkle over aome aalt, then put the aplder iuto th well heated oven aud let them crisp over, Take them from the oven, lay them on a deep plate, turn all the fat out of the spider; (It will only be found fit for aoap graa). Now oat on quarter of a pound of butler in the spider, put it over th fir, and when it Is ail meiiaa, aaa on ueu tea cup or airong vine gar to th melted butter, atir quickly, and pour it over tha fish and aery immediately, I find but very few people bot what think thia method of cooking trseh (ah, is very superior lo the mora common way oi coosing ii witnout add ing lha vinegar gravy. OUo furaser. Fasyuxrs lo th Franco-Froln war, the St Laurent, of th French II, we filled with elcotrio light of gnat power, which were plainly discsrnibls for many mile at aea. Al in iwtanaing ol in war tin ugm waa lacen from tha steamer and asad by lbs Oovemioent for, harbor defeaoe, and haa not sine beast natal at aea. The manages of th French Iim ara now considering w propsiaay ox providing ail their (hips with jigbla.ff tils deacrfpUou, which wu(J, except under circumstance tM unusual, render a collision impoasible. The substitution of life-raft for lifv-boita ia also under coniiJeratloc. PoOlthy Yv- I Success tyithHens., In (he brooding 'oi hons It la important to uroanratlio Variety io moot ttio rentilro- mint fn eaoh particular case. If you breed for egg yon want one vanoly; If forfleahor size, another.' And after yon hsyo obtained the kind yon dotlro, as for Instance, the production of eggs, iia , sontlal that a doe regard be.'hsd to, man agementtn order to secure the beat results. As, wo cannot giro our own experience Id all mailers pertaining to poultry, brood ing, wo commond the following aa app(r ently worthy of consideration: In tUla seotion, most of tbo' breeds of fowls, with their crossei, sre kept gene rally In email numbers with varied suc cess. , Tho breed, it Is known, liaa an In fluence, but 'much ia due probably to the method of keeping, or management. Tho following 1 the conclusion I hare ar rived at, as to tha point most favorable to success with hons aa layers: , Wohayo ouserrod, that the smaller.iho number of hens tho more eggs per hen were obtained, That a laying hen wantai quiet and eon teutment. There should bo no orowdlng nor cioso oonunement, but plenty ol air, trt I d tn t fa nf ltfwlift tkj m 1 1 tar fna Tsaaelni- aailaiaaawi. lineas, good water, variety of food com ana uuoxwueat a a Dase. rue Duonwiioat should be ground and made into eake, mainly, though also fed in the grain. Tl at a young hou will lay better than an old ouo; that Us flesh is also better; that Some breeds, like the ,Frene)h, are pre ferred for the table. ' That the different popular breod all do well, though varying with different I own ers, showing that keoplng or locality lias an Influence. That crosses sometime 'aro as good aa tbo breeds wbenee they are obtained. Thus the Black Hpanitfi 'and Ilrshma eouplo.woll together, both for laying and hatching: but lha cross must not ba per pctftated by'itsoK; in this csyj It.bss de UrioKtcd. Kccji up from tho original slock and it will be reliable. Other crosses havo also dono well. Many ro- maraaniei oasos are reported, aome oi which have oomo under our own cogni zance The Ilrahmaand Black Spanish eross will lay, with slight Interruption', tho 3 ear round. It will continue to lay. if suflloleot and regular food be given it, in barn or othor outbuilding exposod to tho oold. Tliogroatest aueoess lias been obtained in this way with this eross. it nas long noen Known, ami is now more apparent, that there is no profit, but loss, in keeping the common hen, whloh will seldom lay in winter, and only when its quarters are made warm and ploasant aa insummor. The breeds, and care with them, are suro to secure suocoss. This Iim somo tlnios been obtained when thoy havo beon neglected, and sometlmos not; but we baro never known a suooesa to fall where caro is takon, and the principles above onumoratod carried out. lloom, content- mont, with a auulcienoy of food, ure the main things. Then a good brood non alttar for ones and tboro will bo a lul- anso on tho right sido of the ledger. It is boat to begin on a smsli scale, and in oreaso, dividing the number a it in creaaea into a many communities as spaco and number roqulro. If a dozen or llftconbens ara found prplltsble, tho dozen or fifteen hons and their spaco need but bo repeated. Thia will make ao many distinct hennerios, though iolnod togethor, sopsrstcd only by a partition. The prin ciple hero is, that liana want to lie ac quainted with ,eaoh other, used to oach otnor; iu otner worua, a ismiiy iviium largo number, even though space bo given them, there will be an air of strangeness and fear nevor wholly overcome. Uenco tho aecrot of dividing into amall com munities. National Lie Slock Journal, ASH. JUJIIM,r, MJ 4Vl WWI, ,VWH,y demonstrated that the heart acta Ilk all me- chanloil motors In that lb frequency of the pniutiona varies according io ineiruHaiauce which it meets In driving th blood tbrouau Ibe veaels. When the resistance beoomea greater, Ibe throbs dlmlnlsb; tbey accelerate, ou the contrary, If the opposition becomes less, During life, the aolion of lb nervous centers makea itself fell ou the heart, of which il rend ers the pulsations alower or quicker, whatever may Im th resistance experienced, Dr. Mtrcy ellmluated this nervous fuduruee by removing the I eart of an animal, and causing it to work uuder purely mechanical conditions. The heart of a tnrtle wa arranged with a system of 'rub ber tube representing velua aud arteries. Call's blood, dedbrinaltxi waa caused to circu late, and a regtateriug instrument noted 111 amplitude snd frequency of ths movements of Ihe organ. Wbvu lb tub coulalulng the blood leaving Ibe heart wa compieescd, the liquid accumulated In Ihe rear of th obstacle aud th heart emptied itatlf with greater diffl tiully, Ihe pulsation weakening perceptibly. On relaxlog the pressure, thus allowing free course to lb blood, th throb accelerated rap idly. HaEiTU or tus Nsvajia Uraa. Billy Ander son. ibewell-kuQwn lawyer, who la now in thia city, and who for some years (since VXM, liss ueen a resident oi r.-iern nevaue, gives a alartiing account of Ihe effects of Ihe poisououa fumes from the amellloir furnace tbeie in ua. If e speaka particularly of Ihe town of Eureka, where the furnace are very nuaarou and ara cattered through th village, i says that la appioacMng tus place a emeu reeeiov lins that of oarlia can be detected at a dlstano of at least three miles. Oliea the smoke aud fdUJW hang over Ihe lowu a j clouds ao dene a to raembl a Loudou fog, and the amell of th poisonous gases Is almoat unendurable. skiiiena aua puppies uie auoti aiirr ouisiua lu'u ly world, and It ia found iuinoatibl to rear these animal in the place. A sheet of white paper laid In Ihe open air and left over night, will b covered with a thick while crust. The aratnical f unit mingled with those of lead aud oth-r mineral, more or ls affect th health of aU who real in the town. Soma ard but, lightly affected, while ol here tuTr very severe ly. The polaonoa aluvspbera of th plac aol only affect th physical bat also tha men tat health of msny, causing them lo become morose, nervous, and iu aome caaea, wandering In mlud. Vrr;ru. DE WMCY, . CO., '(& American A Foreign Patent, Agents, ornoK, m MoNTooMntv street, s. r. Ihe best, speodios't, and suivct method forjou to obtain patents, file caveats, or transact r any other Important business with lb Patent Office at Washington, or with foreign coun tries, la through the 'agency of DEWEY 'TO., PUBLISHERS IIP THE MININCJ AND' SCIENTIFIC PRESS, SAN FRAN OI8CO, an able, responsible, and long-established firm, and the principal agent en thia id of th continent. They refer lo th thous ands of inventor who have patronized them, and to all prominent business men of the 1'iujlflo Coast, who ar mors or I familiar with their reputation aa straightforward Jour nalists and patent solicitors and counsellors. Wa not only more readily apprehend the point and ecuro much more tally and quickly the patents for our home inventors, but with ths Influence of our oarefully read and extensively circulated journals, wa ar enabled to lllus trato ths intrinsic merits of their patents, and secure a due reward to the Inventor, besides serving the public who are more ready to give a fair trial, and adopt a good thing, upon the recommendation of honest and intelligent publisher. To Obtain a Patent, well-oonatructed model Is generally first need ed, if the Invention can well be thus illustrated. It must not exceed 13 Inches in length or bight. When practicable, a smaller model ia ven more oeeiraoie. rami or engrave the name of the artlcl. and th nam of th Inventor, and hi addreaa upon it. Send tha model (by xpreaa or other rallabla conveyance), plainly addre:d, to " Dxwxr k Co., Mm wo axd Scitmrto I'axa Omci, Sim Fjuaciaoo." At tha aame lime, ond a full description, embodying all tha Idea aud claims of th Inventor respecting the Im- irovement describing th variou part and heir operations. Also send f IS currency, amount of first fee of th Government. The caae will be placed on our regular flic, th drewlng executed, and the document mad Up, and soon sent to Ihe Inventor for sjgning.r - -i i AS soon a signed and returned to ha 'With th fee then doe ua, it will bd aeiit' straightway to ths Patent Utile at Waahngton. When th invention consist of a new article of manufacture, a medicine, or a new compost tlon, samples of the aciiarated Ingredient, sufficient to make ths experiment (unlea they ar of a common and well-known char actor), and also of tha manufactured article itaelf.muat be furnished, with full description of the entire preixratlon. For Processes, frequently no model or drawings are necessary. Iu such caae, the applicant baa only to send us an exact description, snd what Is desirable to claim. For designs no model or neeeaaary. Dupli cate drawing are required, aud th specifica tions and other papers should bo made up with oar and accuracy, Iu aomelnaiauce for design patent two photograph, with the negative, anawer well Instead of drawing. For further information, aend a atamp for our illustrated circular, containing a digest of Pa rm Laws, ll'J illustrated mechanical move ments, and Hints and Ikstsuotioxs regarding th aiuura aud rsmuuin of Inventor and patentece, which will be furnished post paid. Also a copy of NEW PATENT LAW of 1870. Adieus UUVflSY As CO., Pcsuaassa, FaTSat Assays aso Xjtouvsas,. No. 83 Hontsororrr street, 8. I. Scientific and Practical Books on Mining, Metallurgy, Etc. blubs er lussd. wteUule asj U.UII. r DRWKY UO, Mlauiil asu Hcisariric I'aus 0O,j, s. r. Y QUIDOkllSTIL, aturuf Caaissaa aso afarstxtraaisT. Roasting of Oold and Hilvor Ores, and the KilrscUuo of iiisir Uoiwcilve aleUla wltlwul Quick. silver. IS70. This rare took on Ihe treatment of golJ and silver ore without quicksilver. Is llberellr Ulustratad and erauimsd fttU uf faala It slvea sliurt sad ouudse da. scrlpllona el vsriuus processus sod apparatus etublojred In tola country and la Europe, and asplenia Ibe why and wtiervfon. It contains 111 pef. suuraclaf llluslrettuse ol raw Dseea, Inipleaieuts and workln apparatus. II Is a work ol great merit, lijr an aalber whose repu talloa Is uasuriisaaiil la bis speciality. lrtce I3.BO col, or M currency, puelsga Ire. Concentration of Ores (of all kinds), in clndlD the Calorluatlon Process for Uold tesrlog Hulpbarets, Arssaturete, sod Uold and Silver Ores generally, wit IM Ulhojriphla lli(rems. lsel, Tbls work Is uuMueled by any otber published, em bracing lbs subjects treated, lis sutborlly la blgblr teeiuul sud reasrded by Us res l.rsi rontslalag, sa it does, much cwijillsl luta-ulstlou to Ibe Miner, Mill lusn, Melsllurgiat, and olber professional wurkers In ores and mineral, wblcb csboot ba fouud elsewhere lu prist. II also abouuda Ibrouiboat with fscle sad Instructions rendered vslusbls by beloa cbarly ren dered together sud lu simple order. It couulus 12(1 diagrams, llUdraUug mscbluerr, etc , which sIim are ol Ibe greateal vslse. 1-UlOaS IIUIUCCU TU II. Nevada and California I'rocesaes of Hllver e4 Ool Jtilractlea, for general usa. and especially or Iba analog 1-ublle of UllfuruU and MevsJa. wllb full eiplaasUons and dlrecUoa for sll metallurgies! cperatluoe eonoectid with silver and geld frutn a prallialaary eaaaslbatiua ol tb ore to Ibe aasl cast log oi tb fagot. Also, a desLTlpUoa of Ibe general metallurgy of silver ore. ISM. As its till ludtcstee, Ibis work give a wide rangs of lofoemsllou, sppllcable So sll velu miners sod workers la precious metals, adurdlajE alula aud eitauM of exeeedibg Value to bulb tho Moderately ISforujed and the arret espert opevsloe. Price, $4 la clothi ss In leather coin. BY OTEU AUTHOR!. The Quart Operator's Iland-Book) by P. M. IUml.ll. Isfl. Itsvlsed sal Xalargsd MfUoa. CMh bound, ITS page. Price, 11 rxulphnrola: What They Are, How Con- erutrsUd, Mow Asaaved, and Ilow Worfcedl wllb a C'bspb-f ou Ihe Mow piic Aeeer of Mlbersla. llr Win. If Bsrelow, M B l lif i cloth uoua 1. 1 II pages. Printed aa sold kr llSwgl fe Do. Prlo, III puelage free. The Uel written work, and mot couplet work ou lha sub m4 Ireebvl, ANY UTIIIflt HOOKS lUCillltUJ will be famished al lbs moat reasonable rale by Liawav k Co , Mlalag aad VUbUS Pree OOce. . P. i.'ifoamaieas. r, .'. aauvos. leaf. in. HENRY K. CUMMINGS, A CO., Wbolmla Fruit aid Proiao Ooramli lot) Hoaie, KsTfABUlUKD IstS. tie. lit 'Battery street, soulbaeel cocue'r of Wssblagloo, i , i Hun ITrstnolaHiQ. I Oar tiulMM tUf tsclutlvtlr ComuiUiloD, w ! no UttrfM tUi U1 toLflUt with tUutM it tb pn dcr, t-ui - iff