J
. - mi. it. .
2
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
Tlji Fuowbiv, Qviom
4
Watering Howi-Ptonti.
In most Instances,, house plants ,end
growing nowor sialics uo not receive one?
ball tbo necossary supply ol water, while
in aomo cases too much is supplied
cry Honor pot and flowor, box abould bo
provldod with aome moans .of eseaptrfor
tuo surplus waior. it tue eartnis pressou
firmly about the roots,' the plan will re
ceive all tlio moisture it requlreabeforo
this escapo is made. .A. space of abont a
quarter or half an MjSh shdnld bo loft be
tween tbo surface of ,tho sdll and tbe Tim
of the pot or box, that the water mar 'not
wiish tho earth over the1 edge to the floor
a, tntn Hia aniipnra A flllt tin allowilfl In
stand and work gradually 'j down.- Hod:
eralcly warm water seems .most agreeabio
tn tli aba etiln ! JlHf el eafl rt a1iiit and
surely they thrive bost.whoti indulged in
mis ronpcci. .much tuat is-erronoons usa
been said of tho dsnger'of watering bouse
Jlsnts-too freely; bul-lbey suffer more
rcquently from tho opposite, mlstako.
Therisrthernpotsin gonorsluse aro very
porous, and evaporation through them
takes placo speedily In our warm, dry
rooms. Tho earth should norer be al
lowed to become dust dry; neither should
tho water stand all day in pools abont the
roots and lowor stems, and, thus stand
ing, bocomo sour and disagreeable. Ev
cry flower pot should atand on a eauoer
or plate, and thoro shonld lie a hole in the
bottom of tho pot, so that tho dry aoil
may absorb water when it is poured on
the plato. When the soil will absorb no
more, tho water on tho saucer should he
turned out. Jit.
Dounu Fkhtilization or Flowbbh.
Mr. Arnold, of Paris, Cauada, has abown
that if tho fomalo flowers of an Indian corn
plant aro submitted to tho action of pollen
from malo flowers of difToront kinds of
corn plants, oaoh grain of tho oar pro
duced shows tho oflect of both kinds of
pollen. In an otporiment related, a given
female flower was subjected first to the
action of pollen from a yellow variety of
corn, and then to that taken from a white
variety of corn; tbo rosult was an ear of
corn, each grain of whloh was yellow be
low and wbito abovo. Tho conclusion
prosentod is, not only that there Is an im
mediate intluonco on tho sood and tbe
wlinln frtilL atructnrn by the application
..... -- . - -. -i.--- - .
of strange poiion, mil tuo mora important
foot that ono ovulo can bo affected by the
pollen of two distinct parents, and this,
too after aomo time has elapsed between
tho first and tho second impregnation.
dlAXO Watch ron Plants. Tho Farm
er and Oivnhntr, in roply to a correspond
ent, say! "All guanos are not alike in
soluble proportions: henco a pound of
phospho-guauo will go as far aa two
pounds of many other brands. Wense
about one gallon of tho former to a barrel
of water. Let it .remain three or four
days, stirring the mixturo daily. When
using, we add an equal quantity of water,
thus taking one gallon of rihoapho-guano
to two barrels of water, lour solution is
doubtless too strong, especially if applied
whon plants aro in a partially stagnant
stage of vegetation. Ouano water must
only bo applied to plants when In full
f;rowth, and not when they are at rest, as
s the case during our warmest portion of
tbe summer.
CumNd Blossoms. All lovors of flow
era must remcmlier that one blossom al
lowed to maturo or "go to seed" injures
the plant mora thau a dozen now buds.
Cut your llowors thon, all of tbem, before
they begin to fade. Adorn your rooms
with tbem; put them on yonr tables; send
bonquets to friends who bavo no flowers
or exohsngo with those who have. Yon
will surely find that tbo more you out off
the moro you will have. All roses after
they havo ceased to bloom should be out
back, that tuo strength, ui tbe root may go
to forming new roots for noxt year. On
bushoa uot a seed should bo allowed to
maturo.
Tin Bauckii HrsTKU or STAnnsa Cot
Tixas. The Floral Cabimt says: The
"sauoer sjstom" is simply tilling a
deep pan with sand to tho doptb of two
inches; water uutu 11 is mo consistency
of soft mud; put lu cuttings of soft wooded
plant, or the young wood of roses; placo
wuerevor convenient, iu or out 01 uoors,
ana a sausiactory proportion 01 tue exxv
I...., u.111 lw int,Jl wttlitn Iwn wiil.
wlien thoy should be potted off. TJntli
the cuttings aro rooted, the sand must be
kept wet.
( N
STrE H".
-s
Tlit Common, Colt-Breaker and tht
r , - siswncr.
m ' " t ''
( The difference of the system of tho com-
mon'ooH-breakcr and the trainer is this:
The first bv nnnlshment and b'mUioVoa.
6reai.'htsJcolt'of doing wrong;' tho latter
backet bis to do rghtj ho takes care to
vo4 bU, bolhg, placed in situations and
under cirouastanoea that might induce
him to 'robot. ',Let the common breaker
getacolt that is neVrous, timid, and apt
to be frightened at anything be meets or
sees, what would ba do? He would take
tho horso purposely where bo would be
sure to 'meet constant objeets to alarm
him; and ever time bo starts; tho whip
goes W wqrsNow,lf"tbis fellow hid a
head that was of any uso to him, ho would
refleot-a-llttle, and-this would -ahow him
tho folly and brutish ignoranoo of. his
conunrt. do becauso ;ii colt lis alarmed
already by what he sees, ho frightens him
ten times moro by voice and whip. Honco
wo so of too -find that after a horsn has
shied, say 'at a carriage," when tbo object
has passed it taxos a considerable time be
fore bo becomes pacified. All this arises
from tho dread of punishment which ho
has been accustomed to. Horses have
good memories, and do not easily forget
Ill-usage.
We frequently soe a man on his horse
refusion to fsoo sn object, determine that
he shall do it, and Immediately forco him
np to it. 'luo very exertion used to make
him do this, increases his terror of it. and
a fight ensnos, when, should tho man gain
bis point ana get mm np to tno object, tue
moment his head is turned to leavo it he
bolts off as quickly ns possihlo; ho has not
tcon reconciled to it. and will shr at it
Just as much (perhaps more) the next time
10 sees it; for now ho recognizor it ss au
onomy, and has been Unglit to know by
eiperlonce what he only feared before:
namely, that it was a something thst would
(and as ba found, did) oanao him annoy
anco and injury. Had tho man, as soon as
he found his horso alarmed on seeing this
object, stopped him, let him stand still,
caroused ana encouraged him, the horse
would have looked at it, and, finding no
attempt mode to injnre him, would hive
gradually approached it; then smelt of it
(If a stationary object), and finally have
walked awa7 very coolly, colloctedlv. and
satisfied; and tho next timo he saw it, or a
similar objoct, would care very llttlo about
A little reflection would tell us thst
these would bo tbe different results of tbe
two dlfforont treatments; but, unfortunate
ly for horses, reflection and consideration
are not the predominant qualities of tho
generality of horso-breakors.
Now we will anpposo a trainer hail a colt
wnicn was easily alarmed by passing ob
How ,ery Iff good road horses we have!
How few persons are jengsged in breeding
really good road horsesl Yet there is a de
mand for such, and tbey always sell well;
Most of the horses brought to the city are
clumsy farm horses, without action, style
or high breeding. If farmers would pay
moro attention to the qualities deslrsblo in
good road horses, they would get double
the price they now do for their stock. If
the breeder wants to raise good horse, he
snouid nrst soiect sooa mares, auot
shonld be of snfllcient size for road pur
pose, have an easy war of going, have good
barrels, good style and coor, and then ba
is ready to go to breeding, -Ho Should
next select a stallion' from atook noted for
road purposes, that trota woll, and from .'a
family that impart trotting action. He
should on no consideration take either
maro or stallion that don't suit that don't
fill the bill. Begin right and always keep
right, end yon will always be' sura to be
right. Don't buy a maro becauso aho is a
maro, but buy her becauso she suits you,
and the same with a stallion.
Good stock bays better ban peor.slook.
Well bred stock propbrly manngod-wlll a'
ways pay. There is less labor, and moro
nleaanrs. in raisins fine stock than in
carrying on almost any other kind of farm
ing business, d.
Qood H-Xi-TH.
i
DrinksDuring Meals.
V,
TrB Ariw
Beet.
jects, other horsos galloping near him, or
iwrsons coming up to film: bow wonld be
be treated? Ho would bo sent away by
Having Fuchsia Hxid. Mr. Csnnell,
the great Fuchsia grower, says: "When
the sow! pods are thoroughly ripened,
partly dry them in tbe sun, after which
cut them in halves and quarters with a
moderately sharp knife, and minutely ex
amine eaeutart; tbe old self-colored va
rieties produce teed very freely, but the
oholco kinds vory sparingly, particularly
the light varieties. An abundance of hol
low seed will bo found, but good plump
seed is abont half the size of that of the
Pansy, and easily distinguished and
ploked oujt
A Putty Wikdow Punt. Tbe (Tunira
tr't ChrmlcU says: One of tho best win
dow plants, capable, aa it appears, of re
sisting almost any hardships to which
plants in such ciroumstanoea are subjected,
is the AtpUutni lurula. This plant, and
its variegated varieties, is grown largely
in Freuoe and Belgium, in windows, oor
ridora, ate., and might with advantage be
employed here for like purposes.
Tin Fuwaii Qabobn. The glory of the
flower garden In September, is in aster.
From the dwarf Bouquet varieties, that
himself, where ) it waa certain no objects
would approach closo onouah to alarm
him; hero be would bo exercised, whether
ror tiireo days or tlireo weeks, till ho bed
gained composuro and confidence; ho
would then be brought a llittle nearer to
tho subjects of his alarm, whero thoy
might attraot his observation, but could in
no way annoy or frighton bim. Day by
day ho would be brought still nearer to
them, till they beoamo so familiar to him
that ho would coaso to notice thorn at all,
or merely as indifferent objocts. Assured
ly this is a moro rcasonablo modo of treat
ment thon tho ono generally resorted to;
and what is more, it never falls the fault
or murmlty is got over, and for ever.
Thero is ono description of horse with
which wo might be tomnted. nerhana. to
ouugo a common ooit-ureater; namely,
some brnto which appeared so incorrigibly
sulky and vicious that wo might not wish
men who were valuable for better purposes
to undergo the troublo and risk of havinor
auyiuing k uo wiia mm; not but mat we
should bo quite sware that a man with a
better head would bo mora likely to suc
ceed; but for the reasons wo state, we
wouiu, peruaps, givo tuo savage to one of
killor-oiiro gentry, and lot the two
thoso
brutes fight it out, Pntirte htrmir,
Dlteateol Joints.
look as it they hid been mad np I Into "" "'. " "?" "
bouausta by 'th. band of manf tbe " ftXl JS2S&-.
TtV'. Pny-flowered, to avtlfri&SJS&S?-
Tho knee joint is very large and impor
tant, and is liable to many injuries, as
spain, whioh is Immediately followed by
extensivo inflammation, the symptoms of
whloh are tolerably well marked, but as a
matter of courso, vary somewhat, accord
ing to tho injury. When severe, there
is considerable swelling around the ioint:
.. , r . .. ..
tuo norso is tame, auu, wuen trotted, tue
lameness is greatly increased, which is a
marked peculiarity of knee-joint lameness.
The horso, when standing, slightly bends
tbo knee. and. if tbe joint Is nuickly flexed
or given a rotary motion, he evinces great
pain which is immediately shown by his
instantly rearing up. In the walk he
briugs tbo leg forward with a swinging
motion. Inflammation of the knee is very
apt to result in partial or complete, stiff
ness or tne joint, in sugni sprains of tbe
knee there is very little swelling, and the
symptoms aro not so well marked, and
considerable uiraouuy is sometimes ex
perienced as to the precise seat of the
lameness, especially by people who are
not aware of the structure of this beauti
ful but ooniplex articulation. In the
treatment of injuries in this situation,
however trivial, it ia ol the almost impor
tance that the patient should be allowed
perfect rest. It is often desirable that be
ms stall, and
The domestic economy of a beo hivo is
an (xtrsmely interesting study, and we
cull tbe following facts from tho Canada
Farmer: Bees aro of three kinds. Every
colony contains one queen, a multitude of
workers, and a number of drones, justliko
tbe world in which wo human beings
move, except lust a hive Is an absolute
monarchy whilo we reiolco as a republic.
The nueeu is the only perfect female and
lays ail tbe eggs from which tho others
are produced, uue eggs aro oi two Kinds,
the one hatches into drones while tho oth
er produces workers. The latter aro sim
ply undeveloped females, and evory
worker e?ff la caniblo ox baina dovoloned
into a qneen. The queen-cell is a roomy
pendant receptacle resembling a peanut,
housing the egg and feeding it with "roy
al jelly." The food develops the young
female. Bees raise queens when the hive
becomes very populous, or when tbo
reigning sovereign becomes jealous of a
rival, or the worker of a stranger! in
which caso thoy kill her. Wth n'fivo
days after being hatched the young queen
starts on her "bridal (our," courtships,
marriages, and impregnation being ac
complished i on her briof flight.' When a
nueen does not happen to come across an
eligible drone at the proper period she be
comes a drone lsyer, and tho colony is
luererore doomed to extinction. A queen
has been known to lay 2,000 eggs in a sin
gle dsy. Her prolificacy is re gnlated by
tho supply of food. The' ayerago life of a
qtieon Is sbout tbrco years, but it is con
sidered hotter to roplsco her in a good sea
son with a younger and moro prolifio suc
cessor. Drones gathor no ,boney; thoy
are consumers only, and liko many human
drones the fewer of tbem there are the
better. Militsry order reguUtes tho work
ers. They keep the hive clean, feed tbe
young brood, build cell, gather pollen
and honoy, defend their .homes, ventilate
tho lilvo and warm It in cold weatber.
Honoy is gathered, not made, by tho bees.
Beeswax is manufactured by a vory inter
esting process. The eggs laid by a queen
bee. batch in throo days into small grubs.
About the eighth day they become nymphs
from which they emerge perfect bees. A
Iueen matures in from ten to seventeen
lys, a worker in twenty-one days, a drone
in twenty-four, If any ono doubts' tho
superiority of tue fomalo race, tbe uso
lessness of a drone, or the beauty of in
dostry, lot him visit a bee-hive. It con
tains a sermon more emphstlo than the
preaching of centuries or the most potent
utterance of men.
Tbe results obtained byTr. Beaumont ia his
series of experiments on th person of .Alexis
m. Msrun, who naa a proiuuiM"""
Ostula, caused Dy a gonsnot wound, u.mu.
atrates that the gastric Jaice, In order to exert
its solvent action upon the food, must be at
the temperature of 100M I
Theoommon, excessive and alternate ,use of
hot and cold drinks therefore, daring meals, ia
clearly prolific to a host of ailments In man fold
ways. It impairs digestion by alteraatsly In
creasing and diminishing tbe temperature of
the gastric jalee thus retarding tbe solvent
aetion of thai fluid. II lays the foundation for
ehronlo gastritis; In const queues of the exces
slve and reciprocal contact of the two agent,
heat and cold, with the mucus membrane of
tbe stomach, and consequently cause dys
pepsia! It also causes cracking of ths enamel of the
teeth and an Increased susceptibility of the
nerves In their immedlatevlelnttv. Many
cases of protracted odontalgia, or in common
phrase, toothache, sre no doubt dne to this bad
practice ; ss also the premsture destruction of
the enamel of the teeth in persons of hesltby
eomtitetlons.
Ihls bad habit Is the generator of many eases
of disordered organs and preverted functions
generally in the animal economy.
While I depreciate tbe Use of Aof and cold
drinks daring meals, I nevertheless advocate the
moderate use of naiiia ol miix-wsrm tempera
tare, for tbe reason that they act' as adjuvants
to mastication, inaalivation and deglutition of
food, and mat tney aasist tne gastrio nmua in
tbe disintegration of aliments. For instance I
it Is well known, that, without the amlatanes
of aome fluids, it Is extremely difficult to com-
miuute a dry and brittle crackir or other
similar aubatance.
Still it is well ws think to dispense with
fluids to a good degree dnrirg mastication, as
thrir tendencv Is oonstaullv to render ins Dro-
cets los thorough and effective. intra of Lift,
The Testb.
Dr. Uayes, an eminent surgeon dentist resi
ding in London, gives the following useful
hints about the care of teeth. Tbey are sim
ple, timely, and deserve attention:
"In the first place, teeth should be fairly
used. Ily this I mean, not made to perform
the duties of crackers for nuts, experimented
on to ascertain their strength, or by ladles to
rivsl scissors in cutting thread; for reat assur
ed in every cie, more particularly the last
the prty having recourse to aucb practice will
nrely one day rue them; the teeth so unwil
lingly injured being always first to part com
pany from their fellowa. Tboe who Indulge
Iu anchor similar habits may truly be called
tbe dentist's f risnds. Cleanllores Is absolutely
essential for the preservation of the teeth, and
Ibey should be well Limbed at least morning
ai.J evening, thst any feculence which may bo
attached to iheui, either during sleep from (he
stomacb, or by day from meals, may not be at
lowed to permanently adhere, causing, first,
diseeiorstlon, men tartar, and conqvently,
if I may so exprras myself, undermining the
consiituuon ol one or more, as irom meir po
alllan thev mar lie moro or less liable ta ear.
roalon. In order that tbe teeth should look4
natural that Is. retain their natural color a
dentrifU free from the smallest, particle of
acid should be used at the matin hoar, and the
month rinsed with tepid wster, fdr extremes of
neat anu com are mom nigniy prejaaicai, not
BoaatST Fivxa raoK aDzad Hoass. Scarlet
fever having attacked -a whole family at ths
port of Amble, on of whom has died, Or.
Easton, the medical offloer of health, hss re
ported to the local authority his belief that the
lever was produced 'Yrom the family residing
near a pond Id an -old quarry, in which was
a dead horse, Ibe, family lived over a boat
houaeooshsUnkSand being quite isolated,
the fever has.been iConAned to tbe inmates.
Orders hsv been given' to 'prevent deed ani
mals being throws iato the pond.
CairfsD. IIaxm, instead of washing the
bahds with soap, employ oatmeal, and after
each washing lake a tittle dry Oatmeal and rub
over the bands) so s to aMorb sny moisture.
;PHMf,c (EcoHohy.
- Co
(eats.
ToodsEatino Bees. A Missouri cor
respondent writes tbe liet Kecixri' Minn-
tine: I havo read that toad do little or no
damage to the bee-koepers. but I lately
found soversl on the front board of my
hives, and one I watched, and within fif
teen minutes saw bim at fonr Italians and
two flies; then I exeouted and dissected
him. and fonnd his stomsch perfectly
crammed with Italian workers. This waa
a very small toad, and I suppose could
not have bad less than twelvo bees in his
stomach. A toad twice as large wonld
likely eat twenty-four bees, and throe
meals a day (1 tbtiik I am right) makes
seventy-two bees for ono toad in a day,
and a email family of four would make
away with 288 beea a day. Pretty stiff.
Perhaps my calculation may be too high
about his three meals a day, but I am cer
tain that when a toad finds how easy it is
to get his meals at the entranoe of a bee
hive, he won't look for bugs or worms.
Bnt the most serious thing tbey esn do ia
to gobble up the young queens returning
uome irom uteir urtdai trip. im those
who have their hivea near the ground look
out for toads.
mat auu vuiu luvat miuij ajfcjuiiivnia uut
only to their color, but slso to their durability;
and I know no method so simple of converting
a reauy usemi anuornsmeniai set inio one ol
pain and subsequent extinction, tlisn the use
of wssbing in either one or tbe other. The
person who habituates bim or herself, to any
extent, to bot soup, tea, or other drinks, as
suredly rivals the friend to the dentist Just
named. Brashes for the teeth should be of
medium substance of bristle, and those made
on what is called the penetrating 'principle ale
neat, I would also observe that culldreu at an
early age should be instructed In the use of the
toothbiusb, and taught tbe value and impor
tance of teeth, in order to inculcate habits of
cleanliness and a due apprecla lion of tbe oraa
moots of the month. A brush properly select
ed (not too hard) may be used liy children of
five years of age, every morales; and by bein
part and parcel of ths general ablution, snd
Ibua directing habitual attention to the teeth,
a uaefut and cleanly babit will be engendered
which will ensure for them proper care
urougu inc.
New Boas, hundred of hues and forma
falrw wwninate the parterre.
8atbiu Cockscomb Blooms. Those
baviaf Aa blooms of cockscombs in their
partem, fcould carefully observe th
weather, and before the appearance of
frost, out then of, and preserve them In
dry vaae ta th house.
wtui pronei
it applied Bannel bandage. The follow
ing liniment may also be used several
times a day; equal parts of laudanum,
tincture ol arniea and tlnoture of eamphor.
In prolonged eases it I generally neces
sary to use a powerful counter-irritant, a
eantharidine ointment or tlnoture of can
tharidea. whloh should be applied around
the whole joint. Cmunid Furnur,
Brxcias or Baas. Entomologists tell
lis that then are abont two thousand spe
cies of apiara (bees.) How msny of tbem
are mere deviations from the same primi
tive type that produces onr honey bee, we
have no means of ascertaining. Of the
noney bee proper MP") . mere an but a
limited number of distinot kinds. Wheth
er thereJa properly more than one species,
natureliatahavo not determined. So far
a I bare seen ny evidence, there is noth
ing to Drove that they are not all of the
same spiel, bat in their diffusion over
the earth they have met with different
condition, (bat have oauaed variations in
oolor, sis and other peeuUaritle. and
they are bat races, varieties or variations.
Am. Btt Journal.
Dions.sis hunted la the dsv time for an honett
man, with a lantern I If he bed lived in these
limes, he would hev needed the bed lite ov a
locomotitf.-7.us i.'.Hifl.
FursioieaicAL PsorsBnn or Oimn.
The physiological action of coffee, according
to MM. Anbert and uaase. shonld not ba at.
tnbnted to cancln, bnt to other principles. An
Iniection of 0.0 enblo inch of coffee containing
nS I . ... I .!. - ALU ..
u u grama ui cauria aiuru a ntuuil iu a very
short time, producing acceleration of the pnlso
and respiratory organs, uneasiness, and finally
cunTuisiuua. au injection oi u.ta grains 01
csffein, however, did not produce death or any
symptoms of sickness. An infusion of 770
grains of very hot coffee, corresponding to 6.3
grain of caffein, acts upon a man far more in
tensely than a stronger dose of pure csffein.
Headache, vertigo, trembllns. and similar
symptoms sre produced, which laal upward of
four hours. Coffee extract, deprived of caffe'u
by chloroform and injected into the jugular vein
of a rabbit, oausea strong convulsions, but
never tetanus, such aa is produced by au over
dose of caffein singly.
PoslTIOM 1M BLXKPlMa. fileanlnff Mnm.
shonld always be so arranisd. if noaaible. aa m
allow ths head of the sleeper lobe toward the
DDnoi frequently ia oases oi siciness, a per
son will and It impouible to obtain rest if tbe
bead is ia any other direction, and often tn
is reisruea lor a long time, A Vienna pbyil
don bad a patient who was suffering from
acute rhumatism, with painful cramps running
from the shoulders to the fingers; and while
his head waa to tbe south he could do nothlno
toward his relief. On turning tbe bed, how.
ever, so thst tbe bead was toward tbe north,
the patient uttered expressions of pleasure, and
in a fsw hours a great improvement bad taken
Place, and in a few dsvs he was almost entiralr
cured. Many other eases sre given by scien
tific persons: and rjeonla Iu buiLUna hnnu.
should always havs Ibis In view.
ooklna Me
-'-.-' i JLA
The 'tuoif economical way of nalng meat is
to cook it in hot water, and servo it up in Its
own gravy. If It is boiled for preparing soup,
me water inouui not uo too quickly raised to
the boilinu point, since this tends to cosnulsfa
tbe albuminous. portions and to preveutuha
Julces from passing Into the water. The meat
should ba ehoppfifor cut as floe aa , possible,-1
snd steeped YdY some time In cold water, which''
should then be grsduslly heated up to a tern
peratnre not exceeding ISO? Fahrenheit, or 633
below its belling pojnl. At the last moment
the sonp may be allowed lo reach the boiling
point. Tbe bones should be crushed or broken
up into small 'pieces,' snd boiled, or rather
simmered, for eight or ten honrs, In order to
tborongbly extract their nutritive mattter.
If we wish to oook meat in such a wsv as to
preserve the! msxlinttni of nutriment in the
most digestible form, we should place it in
large pieces In boQing water and keep it there
or ove mmuiea. xue nign temperature cofig
nudes the Ulbumou at ths surface of tbe meat,
stops up ils pores, had thus prevents the juices
from escaping! After this boiling for about
five minutes, add cold wster to reduce the beat
to abont ISOOF., and keepit thai at temperature
till the meat is sufficiently cooked. It will tben
be fonnd to be teuder, juicy, savory and nutrie
tious. Salted meat intended to be eaten cold-
abould be allowed to cool in tbe water in which
II has been boiled.
In routing meat, as in boiling It, the first
object should be, to ooagnlste the albumen at-v
tbe surface, in'order to prevent the escape ot
tbe juices. The meet shonld be at first Disced
olose lo tbe fire, kept there for ten or fifteen"
minutes, and tben withdrawn to a greater dis
tance from the beat. If cooked in the oven of
a stove or range, the oven abould be very, hot
when tbe meat is first put info it, kept at th
same beat for a short time, tben cooled jdownT
partially (by opening tbe door or cbeckinglhe
fire), and the roasting should tben be allowed
to go on very slowly so that tbe Inner parts
may be thoroughly done, Tbe loss of welgut
f mostly wster and fat) Is nea'ly one-third more
in roasting than in boiling, (
Boast meat has the richer flavor, Ucnuae,
eertaln aromatic priuclples are developed byv
this mode of cooking. Tbe occasional "dredg-
iUktf of flour over the snrf aee'of Iba meal tielns In
stop np the pores snd prevents tbe escape oT
tbe fst. Roasted meat is not so well suited for
Invslids and dyspeptic as boiled meat, sbife It
is apt to contain acrid substances formed-tut .
of the highly beafed rat. Broiling la a species--of
roasting; but It ordinarily produces a mor
digestible food for tbe dyspeptic. Frying la
Ibe wort possible mode of tooking meat; es-
peeially for persons whose digestive powers are"
not vigorous, ss it almost invariably deve!opes
a very acrl I substance known as ticrofela'and
sundry fstty acids that are nearly as unwhole
some. Jlottan Journal of ChtmUtrv, f J v
.1 1 1 o
, IsTssxinvo to Mmss. We team tlil't -
8 stent has been granted lo Henry M. TJoies
crsnton. Pa., for Improved Packsces of'Pow.
der Charges for Vlastiug. This luventlonibu
slsts in packing lbs powder, In convenience
quantities, in long tabes of paper or any brl
or material of sufficient strength, rendered
waterproof it necetaary, of 'a proper abaio.andn
site to' be used as a cartridge, ami of such a
length In excess of tbe powder inside as shall
allow of its being folded Into a compact foroif
and divided for use Into cartridges of any de. '
sired length or weight. Each cartridge tube or
naekaj-a ma h .! tn.Vli1 will. tl... t
and quantity, and brand of Its content;, and-,
when it comes to the consumer, he can measure
off from either end the quantity dtelred for '
blsst, slide the powder away from this point,,,
divide the tube, fold book the lends, and the.
cartridge Is ready for use. crooeedlnir In. the
same wsy until the whole package basteen-.,
used. Thus the denser of tirenarfnir thi, cart
ridge over tbe open keg and tbe liability to da-V,
mage of the exposed powder are avoided; and
tne time and labor of making tbe cartriJge.'as -well
ss the materiala of which it i composed,""
ore saved. Coal 2W I'ireufur. - ...
Asraixu r IuusiuuTna Qts. The sym
loms Sre discomfort, inclination tn vnmlr. Ann.
vulsive movements of ths muscles, especially
those of Ibe breast, the akin is cold, the breath'
ing and pulse Irregular. The remedies reoom.
mended are exposure to free sir. even if eold.
Irritation of lbs skin by vinegar, and ths palms
of tbe bands, solas of the feet, sad tbe spine
with . .tie k.i. - - li. i i j -.
i wiM.il, wusibk sir iun ue
uuk. t, sen consciousness returns, place me
patient in a heated, bed in a room' wiia tbe
windows open, administer a few spoonfuls of
Malaga, Madeira, or sherry wine, A mixture
oi tartar esneiio and lion-man's liquor, flavored
with honey.water snd orsnge-flower syrup, is
spoksn of ss efficacious after tbe return of con
sciousness. X Oat.
r dddixo Biucx. One quart of boiling water,
four large Ublespoonfola of white or brown .
sugar, two of flour, one of baiter, one tea
spoonful of salt; nutmeg or cinnamon to taste.
Two tablespoonfuU of currant or blackberry' "
wine or cider are a crest lmnroT.ment T.f.
tbe whole be boiled together for about ten mtu-
uies. It is necessary to mix the flour with air"
portion of cold water before adding it to -tbe'
boiling water.
AarmcxAL. Otitis. Tak,, om.ii ,.,, .nu"
It in a dub; to one pint of this add one egg -.
well beateo, a small teaeup of flour, half a cup
of butler, some salt sod pepper, and mix them ,
well together. A table spoonful of the batter r'
will muka the alaa nf an nvul.r. Vv iv.!....
light brown, and when done, batter tbem.
Cream, if it can be procured. Is better 'insnT"?
butter. ' ' '
Washixo Cou BoiunPoTAToxs. Slice snd ""
put tbem iu a basin with a little milk or water.
-"". v,u juu uaTo is, ana a little salt.
Let it remain on the stove until it ia thoroughly ""
bested through, stirring often to prevent iti
sticking; a bit of flab left from a former meal -
or soma beaten egg is a nice addition to it.
Amxsicax Llama Cioth. The mode of
manufacturing this cloth is said to be the fol. th
rowing: A piece of cotton texture is passed be-
tween two cylinders, the nnner nn nf whll, ; '
KrmlU a mixture, consisting of oil, resin, -UDblack.
aad other maitera en nnwnrwM l.A
loVttovtiig canvass. From the cylinders
Ibe fsbrie Is wound upon a drum made of
wooden sticks so ananvaii that th ...!...
illy layers are kept apart from one another. When
th- the whole plees hss been wound upon the
im. I dram, tbe ratter is placed, with the oiled cloth
.J'. " "vy'nff ensmoer. Altar drying, tbe
cloth is smoothed by mesas of pumice stone.
sad passed a second Usae through ths cylinders,
receiving another coaling of varnish. It Is
the dried, and these alternate anarationa .
pasted at least Ave times, in order to make tbe
eoaliaa suffleiantl ihlok Th Sn.l
is pressing Ue cloth so as to give it the ap
pearance of natural leather.
About the most thrilling talc known isth
rattlesnake's.