Willamette farmer., January 24, 1874, Image 6

HjAMErCTgl-:FRMBH
VTjjeIKb 9iWj
Bugglns' Pork Crop.
rr
farmer Hugging was a plain, staid, quiet man
of the Olil tfclioolwhoilveJ onu. iltlle farm
banded down to him Iyhia.father,'eaid whoso
pride It was to cultlrate hi fields a gencnt
tlonabtforo him bad done. HlsDaturaDjrfrrUle
oil bail becoiuo Imporerisbcd by bail tillage,
and lack of mauures; long rows of thorns am!
briar uiorkul tbo linen ofhls illlapl(lntrl fen
cea; anil ths wtathetheateu, rickety building
that ilmnlellod himself, family Ahtl "stock."
btlongin I to tin post rnlher than to the present?
UI conrar, goou uiu unggins waa opposed to
"book Urnln'," and all Improved ami acientifia
mode of farming; and books, noffspapcra and
agrioultnral Journals were abont an scttrco in
' bla bonne ni apple blossom are in tbt month
of January! lis had no una for them hence
ha did not bavo tlicm. Ilia ancestors, he
know, got along somehow without them, and he
could certainly do a much na Ibey did, , Home
thing ho could not, howoror, fiul to notice.
Ilia more cntcrprlalng uclgbbors tilled more
prodiictlro Ilcldt, and their thrift and general
comforts were immeasurably greater than hia.
Ho envied their fortnnea, but from prejudice
he stubbornly refuted to employ the mcana
that give theiu the pre-eminence orer him,
Uv cliarly saw that their cornfields yielded
the yellow crop in much grenterquantltleethan
did bla; their urcbarda prodneed better fruit
and in more abundance; and their stock was of
the fluent In the country. All this he knew,
and tbo question would often farce Itself upon
hint what la tlio reaaon for all .this? why
ahould he eke out a beggarly llrlngi and Ihov
be aurrouuded with couiforta.and growing rich?
That wua Hip quetloii thai ntzxled him; that
wan tho problem that bo amoked bin clay pipe
orer fur many it day, In trying to solve. "Hut
Htiggiu waa blind Mind an n tat, and he
would perish In his old boots, rather than see
the llghll
IIU farm grow In piodacllvo year by year,
and lit pocket bonk a duply, and (hero wan
tho tax collector, and that uoto in bank, and
Hugglus Junior would want hundred dollars
on bla twenty-first birth day where wan it to
com from? Hint v,ns just what he could nottell
but what ho would hare gireu a slice off hi
farm to know! At bint n happy thought itrtiok
blm, nud he inimilnt d lie sow hit way entirely
out ol bin financial troubles, and hi) could do
It too, without sacrlflclug his principles or un
dermining hliprcjudlccs. "
This is what he would do: lit icouM rube
hcjil 1'nrk was mouty, and hogs were porki
and he could raise bogs without wasting hia
money on "stock Journals." Hook learning
was not neceanary In aaluo raising. Common
Ilugu.lun'.B0UM), wan all the capital Hull buni
neaa required and didn't he haro common
senno 1 Who doubted that ?
lie would build a great rail pen, inoloainj
about Uvoncrts (he had plenty of wasto land I)
and he would stock it with hogx, feed them for
a few luonlhs, slaughter them, bike them to
markit, and carry the "greenbacka" houiliu
his pocket book; 'and ho im no elated at the
Idea, that ho took out hln ol.l leathern wallet,
but quickly returned It to hli pockot, btlng
trlgbtcmd perhaps, at lie consumptive appear
once, and collnpmxl condition. Ilia Lnillanf
concrp Ion was to be put into practical ahapo
at the riarllent possible period. The rail pen
waa built, and farmer llugglos searched the
couutr) over for c.mp Uogn wherewith to fill it.
TwcntyaHld farmers disponed of their refuse
swine, and In Id uolcs, as pay, against tbt Dug
gins farm, whleli notes would biiouio due three
iiionthn hence I
If Noah's ark contalneil animate " elean and
unclean," and In great numbers and variety,
llugjlun' rail-pen could be likened to it I They
were all Aft)' failure, of course that la, they
were all " four-footed beanta," with bristles and
ilarsu feet, lung snouts and the iwcnllar
" squeal " that betoken the swinish race, Bug
Ijliin was happy 1 Hugging waa elated I But
neighbor Hiuipoon who waa n kind of thorn
in llugglna' flesh came by one morning and
threw ci "wit bliuktl" on the philosophy of
hog raising according to tbe Ilngglns' theory.
Bald hluipsonii
"(looil morning, neighbor Ilugglns."
"lhe same to you," said llagglus, removing
bis nine from hia mouth.
"A collection of wild anltuala lu Ibatptul"
'Them them' hru, air." " .
"If J oil call them nogs, then I would like to
know of what Irrnf thev are?"
"Dreed, do you say? Why, they ore of the
same, breed that hog generally are!''
"Well, are there any Herksblrrs among them,
for Instance?" . -
"I reckon not, Blmpaon; I bought 'em all in
this aectlon of count!)'. I didn't go to Beik
ablre for iu, at any rate!"
Let ua go down to the pen, neighbor Hug
glus, and look at your awiue."
The two farmer walked orer to the rail pen,
the proprietor wnnderiug In hia nilud what
would be the opinion of lit companion relatlTO
to the collection of animals tnpaaa in review
before him. On arriving there, Biuipsou broke
tbe silence
"Ah I Ilugglns, you have some rare anecl
mens lu theiel"
"Yen. I would say thty ore rarel That roll
fence. Ilvo feet high, a it Is, hardly holds
tbeiul They nir right orer it, whenever tbey
get the least bit eiclled," ,
"And what a variety of breeds, I must say,
lluggin,1' continued tiiiupsou, "There's the.
real t haxel splitter' over there, with hia nose
tlirotiL.h lhe feint)! the 'lean ahank' is itroniMsl
ngalust the trough, and the Mlgblulng racer' U
making a bee line there to the farthest corner
of th pen.
" The lightning what did you aay?"
" Wbr. Uiunrins." continued bluiDnoii. with'
out uollclug tula last remark, " you have tbe
meanest lot oi uog in mere j ever aawi i
woul.lu'l give you 4& per henul and take them
as they run no, not by 'a great deal, I
woulln'tl"
"You an always fludlu' fault with my
arraugeinrula always, Hlmpson."
' Well, I'll make amends by giving you some
good advice.
"lloou, ud I'll listen,"
"Well, air, ateel-polut haiel-splltter'a nose,
and get a patent out ou hint for a prairie plow,
and yon will make your fortune!"
llucirina opened bit eves, and mouth too.
" And ' Iran ahank' just tie knot in bla
tail, ouii myt yonrseii woriii oi trounie,
" llow'a tbaU"
"The knot will keep blu front slipping
through the feno and yuu will uot be peelered
tryiug to caicu mm every nay.
"Come. Bimnaon." oaid fanner Dasolna.
"you oradtspoaMl to make fun at my upeutet
Avben the time cornea for me to kill thoa bog
for the market, )oa will tkeu acknowledge
that I eon raise pork wttboit the aid of your
books, and your looruau, ana otner uunioug
nnlianeea iruit wait till thenl" r-
"I will.l'.MU Birapaou. u hwalked iry;
'and I'll m on baud with tuy hired men,
1 h.V S..I.J t.A& -.'1.1. a..... il.l.ti
those at porker ol mar I thty can not be
caught and killed in the ordinary way I"
Unit1-- Ml ebotwutad kt oja lam lia'naJgl
bor'a remark hod token; and be began to fe
b-
feel
nnuii. too'. iwHh 'reantrd-to'fbe amount of
money hht bog epeeulatlona would bo be likely
to yieUhlm. But.be wonld wait.niL ifitT
corn into .mem, ana pemaparaii'vrDua re
weiiia:,Ti t i -
Ilefore the usual alanshterlno lima had
eome. DurjglnaJid cihannted hln corn'. 'Then
he tried "iwillV' for a week, and tntfle'to'" the
conclusion Inst no ndgtit an wul try taiurnthe
Mlssinalnni river Intuaalream of-lnrt.'aa to
fatttn his "haul splitters" and other choloe
iirecon (I) on a Vnwill basisl" Wbatlittlebin
hog had gained on tho corn, theyiKemed to
loso on the new dlitt nod, an Ungglna ex
pressed It "Them lank hogs; when they begin
to co down hill, thcre'a no telling where they
will elopl'' It was, therefore, determined to
prepare tho hogs for market a little lu advance
of the usual time, and preparation were made
for the "slaughter of tbe Innocents!"
There waa an unusual amount of hallooing
and hurrahing, and of "running to and fro, '
in ths "Vicinity of Dugglna' rail pen on that
memorable day, TIiom hog ere tleot of foot,
and " scary, and the amoll of blood aiclted
them fearlully, "Lean ahnnk" Jumped the
highest fence on tho farm, which waa quite a
feat fori tt of hog to do. And "lightning
racer" (ltd )ou ever too a frightened deer on
an open prairie with a pack of honndn at'hls
heels 1 1 Ilugglns, in despair, brought out his
grandfather's rifle and opened tire on his
porkers, and, by dint of powder and ball, auc
cceded, at last, in bringing them to terms. Hut
It wata great day for tbe boya of the neighbor
nood, and oven Bluipnon srtmtd to enjoy it I In
ths ealandar of that puoplo the event is known
to thin day as " Hcaoiis Oncailltj.NT."
Hut the poor hng.ralncr' troubles wcro not
all over jet. When bin pork reached the
market, there aeeuinl to be lid special demand
fur It. A few buyers olTered to take It, but at
such a falliug.ofl1 from tho rigillar lirlcen, that
Dugglna' li art and llon Iwth fill below zero;
and then Bimpnou came up nud uads4a suggestion-
e r c I f
"I tell you, Hnftjlnn, you don't seem to
know how to ai.ll tour pork 1" v-
"Well, I acknowledge I don't know how to
dlnpose of this lot I"
" lfavo you any Oird with jou. Uurglns ?"
"I,ird-no-v.h)?" '
"Well. Hir. n little lard wonld hdnloaill
that port. There not being fat enough In
our hogs to fry thorn, pconlu don't want them
uniesntiiey can get n nine larn wun inomi
"Hlninson. you aro too bard on a fellow es
pecially when lu la in distroan." .
Hiuipnou, though fond of a Joke, was gener
oua hiiarted, and turning lu to the aid of Hug
gin, he nsninled him to dlnpone of the pork to
lhe Uet advantage under the circumstances
went home witli Ilugglns and gavo hliu some
excellent advice. He kindly loaned him a sum
of money to tmct Ms liabilities, frdlug otrulu
that llugblu would turn a new ltaf in farm-In?.-
rive yearn bavo imniod vliiro that notf sicu
latlou. uud now Mr. lltiuulns' homo isooiufort-
able; there Is a small, but well asleoted library
in It; thore are aeveral i;ood newsnafiera ami
agrlcullural works found on his table; bis Held
bavo improved, bin stock I a in line conditiou,
and lie is out of debt. Ho and blmpson are
warm frienda. Ou each annlvanary of "Hug-
flius Urcat Hunt," there in a ft ant at Uuggina'
louae, and Hlmpnon haa the seat of honor at
lhe table: and the host norabtt lu savluir to hln
bUfal "rllinpaonthempoorhogswan the. mak
lug of me! UUtUulul Jovmil of lyrfcf.
Farm Houio Chat.
4
IFfoia tlmrsclAe Itarnl In-n, t,y Miry UauoUlD.
Terbapa we are partly led to think that men
are uoat eager for all sorts of Improvement
because they make so much noise about It.
. Here goca Ud, Hagd tie, of Qrlflln, (la, to
the Qrcat National Fanjiudrum and taken out
a patent for new coffee mode of roaated 1'erslm
mon aeeds. There is no doubt in my mlud
that Ned' mother and graudmotber knew all
about the I'rrslmmon coffee, ag ego; but it
take the cute Edward to rally under Oovern-
ment protecllou aud exact tribute for bla herb
drink. Women are constantly making discoveries in
the Dotacstla Kingdom that aro both useful
and ornamental; but they gushingly tell their
neighbors abd friend "all about it" and go ou
contentedly eating and drinking, and wearing
the fruits of their patentable inventions with
no thought of exacting royalty from ant body,
or tbe privilege of a "grinding monopoly,"
In roasting and broiling and Inking in cut
ting and making and mending to aay nothing
of device In chicken-coops, and the vast field
of fanoy work, women aro continually making
ulce little Improvements and generally adding
to tho f uud of homely and bandy knowledge.
If tbey ahould rush for a patent every tlms
thiy discovered a new aud delicious combina
tion of pepper and spice, or an original way of
making old stockings over new, na Aunt ltobby
did, or "a perfectly epleudld way to spank the
baby aud uot hurt hliu much," as a fund little
mother truly ilia uncover ami triumphantly
toll it free gratis for nothing out 1 tht teouAf
not fe.'f if until acrcdly protected by a patent,
there wonld be a howl of derision that might
lie heard, as grandmother used to aay "from
Du to Hushaby," Tbatis, we might bowl or w
might not; for we are a patient and long suffer
lug people, capable of bearing any amount of
nouseusu.
When a man hit upon t new way of fixing
bis strap aud buckle, and cart-wheels, and
stable-door, Mtually when ha lite an old iron
ring lu the whisk ol the cow' loll aud thusele
rate that freakish member to a restful position
during milking time, he etraigblaay sends bla
model and Hibls oath or affldarld to Washing
ton, and get his right protect! under tbe
broad and beautiful neal of our great aud glo
rious country. Once upon a time there was a
woman quick with liaoi and auggeatlous; also
a man rapid in practical applieation; and the
fortautte result is
Til Fallal In Cim-Paa,
Hut tbe new and improved mixture of dough
to baks therelu are etlM If for all to Imitate
and improve upon in turn.
Tbe tint gem I knew anything about had
no special pan, but tbe dough wo dropped by
tbe spoonful on a hot dripping pan and rapidly
baked. Wban we were all tick iih raahirioaa
feres', nothlag could ao' tempt the wayward
appetite as those earuo tough little u
ieej
and.
waier gema,
Possibly the great original Dr.
Orabam must be credited Wtb tbt first effort
to make popular the olmpleet form ot bran,
meal and water. That such bread Is really
good and enjoyable when properly made ol
sweet, freah wheat-meal, I can leelity most
heartily; but many people objeet that II It too
tOUgh. ,T(5 J J n -ffT r
Truth la, we art In such rush to fill our
stomachs in tbt shortest pooaible lime and get
aad nourishment, broom more truly -
Tfct HaUH, r
Fortuutely lot toothjaai and nnrrlstl psoplt,
tbt good quallUet taiy be' ccmblneaVd Dr.
Bellows dolarM,UieBboa.maJ.etinvLnril
wtthtbuMermllk,,inakM excellent breaoVnrif
esnedalle food Tbr children." as eonlalnlns ele-
menta most needed for the growing bones and
mnacles. ,- lr. . ,. . - o rv
Probably I lie Cold water genii art best for tha
areragedyspeptic, but bealthy'atomacbs will
u.ndnofiultJitb,- r - -f 7
, t. . !... ni. ..
int Huuermin uemi.
ictarrnllk),easpooufa1lofialt,iamof sodadia-
aolvcd in a spoonful of warm war-but largo
or email teanpoonfull of soda according to the
aonrneai of the milk. A spoonful of brown
sugar is sometimes added, and they ahould
It. ImJSSSZ abUt lWnly m""
The batter must not be thin hardly soft
enough to level Itself in the cop yet not dd.
cldedly stiff. The happy medium that renulta
In gems moist,-tender and light, ytt not uicky,
will soon be discovered br that cem-of-a. wo
man, who nerer accepts a failure, but goes on
ward and npward with brave flourish of ths
dough-dish and the dlvino right to about with
other naMrtng souln-" Kiceltlorl" '
.; r 7.i;iD;r. l? .Ia cur,..'
1US niiJUUUt IJIICU KUVI. nil.'Ull MJJ gvm
For cold water gem. aome prefer pana with
amallerand shallower cups, oa better adapted
to rapid baking; and cast Iron pans are better
than galvanized or tin. For the last named
f;cms it in r.ot Jicccsiory to grease the pan, but
t must be very hot when they aro put in the
oren also extremely hot.
lose made of buttermilk need no auch jnltorcaBO , howavor,.tliodeo tnoro lift
i htat, but the pau ahon Id be greased with I b, , , , lhereI,, to damt 1)olu
nr&S'ordd,Ung,rT.dc.,x.,,u"r. !"" 'T t?V,K! Whi
1UUH WHU. V,
fierce b
a little
unpen in iuui.iuiffiiihv. '" "
of corn meal aud flour, or ol oatmeal and Hour,
oecanlonslly baked in the gem.pans, will hare n
delightful relish and all the chutm of norelty.
Wainuskktudytogireanch' "
Varlllf tl Tib e
As will help to Impart ohierfuloesi and zoat to
this terribly frequent bualnesa of eating.
JIauy people who arrdnollnedto add graham
to the usual household supplies are dlsap-'
pointed nnd finally rtiseonraged by the inftrlor I
quality of meal, which Is often held at higher
price than fine flour. I
Aa far as our own experience goos. we have
foudnlht very meanest quality of meal put up In
small naoksondsold at big prices; but as that was
an exceptional experience It mustnot be allowed
to discredit tht whole "small sack" bunlneas.
There Is a growing Intelligence among Calllor-,
nla mlllera noon this sublect. and althomih It
causes them some extra trouble to put up a
gooa eriicie tney wm geaerauy do lonnu renuy
to reipond to any persistent demand; and 1 1
think nearlr all ourlargo mlll.putlt up regu. ,
lJ,.T.Wnirei.a.l,.m meat lh.
lu making nrst-clas granam meal toe con-
dltlontarei flrat, a aupSrior quality of wheat
thoroughly dry and clean; second, a sharp
atone that will cut tbe hull fluely and evenly
so that tbero are no coarse, offensive flake of
bran.
This last condition wonld not suit tho thor-'
oub - golugarahamitewhollkeabUbraublgand
tAiinli as., I SilaHtlfrtl lliai It unttsa i,a,Ih
""" """, "."?"," '",",, J. ''T'l
graham cannot be kept aweet or any length of
.!,,,-. ...t it,. i ii, ..i .. i. n ,i....
uuuoAtiona tint
...,-..-.. .. ., . .... ru.v
clean uran ana mix wun nnt nour aa required. "tu u iutli. '"". """""" siw
Hero I a chance for a little "California , in not boldlug tbam flat enough to tho
brag;" for we bar more than one laid In atone, (tvhotber grindstone or , oil-atone) ,
yrarly and half-yearly auppllea of graham from and lUoroby producing a convex sido, and
the great Golden (Jate Mill, San FraucUco, at the samo timo.b.cing-)iablo to "chock"
andthlwtiuckwaMgooda tbe Orel, and tho stone, ami turn' tbo toolr-perhaps
""w-lfv"'?0"??'-'ni. r, . "worao, wound himself. -For' this,' prao-
We never hare trouble wllb corn-meal heat. ,u I, il, nnlv Mmn,l Wilt, l!n L In.
ng as it ued to "at home;" and I hara some ,ic0 ,?,,uo only Mmody. ttlttj.a llttlo in-
buckwheat flour two year.' old, that areata. B"ltJ. " lwJ tiomIMo to bo
sweet ami good a when first brought; from the PIHed, but tho efflcienoy i in moat cases
mill. , ', tery doubtful. Ilettor trust to tuo wrist
Oatmeal'also keep well If t really fresh wlieu and right hand aa a morablo chuck, while
first obtained, and tht same Is true ol cracked tho fingora ol the loft band placed on tho
wheat and hominy. upper faco of tho tool will control its
llutboldl The benefit of this "brag" can.;,,rel!Stjro, nnd be tho guide-rest. Don't
nQt w5 !"! ' .! fV .. i I0'!?0' ,0 lc-V0 tho) atono out of wator, as
Up and down the great Interior tbero is a ii .,1.-i, innl If n( nn t nil
little bug or weevil that troubleth the keeper JT0". " V ,,Lll ' not oren to oil
of gralu, ground or unground; but as ytt no " wuen iaiu name.
auoh peat appeara in tbia region. 1 TliS'grlndlng or" setting ol o'cnttlng.
Ah, bleiled and beautiful Hmta' Cruil Ko tool may be simple enongh; yet thcro is
bed-bugs, no roosqultos, no grasihoppera. no . tiot one way ol doing It perfectly, , that
fleas "to speak of,rt and the old-fashioned fire-' tll0 outling mlge formctl by a definite an-
We plead guilty to but few destructive agen
cies; Just a gopher now and then, an occasional
squirrel, plenty of mortgages, and a modicum
oi starvation ror cattle,
Possibly there is another trouble or two
but since that lovdy anow-storm aud plentiful
rain upon tho Just and unjust, we look hope
fully forward while we
'Ouunt our tlenntan o'er sod o'er
And tliaue. trie Iaim fsr sucu a store
. t
A Loot I'orcunoii. About a thousand
year ago, a colony ol Icelander was planted
on the western oooat ol Greenland. They
were haidr people, inured to cold aad meager
living, ana that aeemed to be no reaaon why
they should not take root In lhe frozen soil ol
their new borne. They built a stone church
there and stone houses to live In, ot which the
ruins are still to be seen. Hut what became ol
the butldera 1 a question that ha never been
solved, and never will be. They vanished
from the face ot tht earth, aud that is all that
Is known. Whether cold or pestilence or star,
ration took them off, or whether wandering
aavagea killed them, no man can tell. Their
settlement Is kuowulu history aa Lost Green
laud. ml. A'jt.
1-iHoii CoMscutNa. Some Interesting expert
meuis were laieiy uiaue in unto, wun a vie
to ascertaining ma Mat method of couaumtrig
the amoks of solt coal furnaces, and, after a
earefal examination and teat of a numWer of
mechanical applianeea designed to effect this
object, the conclusion waa reached that nothing
wo o simple ami effective la-preventing the
escape of amokeoa tbe introduction of sufficient
oxygen Into tbt furnace to irTeet complete
combustion of the fuel, and thus prerent the
formation of any smoke at all.
Broils or Wis. It will giro aome notion ot
the raalnee ol the spoil ol war that bos fallen
Into German hands, Irrespective of the pecuni
ary Indemnity, when it la stated that the ahare
ot gun metal from captured ctunon allotted to
Bavaria alone, as tht due of her two army
corps, amount to no leu than 4C0 tons. Of
this King Louis ba ordered fifty tone to be
distributed to certain parishes, to be turned
into church bell tbey are in need ot. Tbe
rest la handed over to the Bavarian Govern
ment arn't foundry, for tatirt 'conversion Into
Uerniangans,
Cisccub Lrrnooairato Stoki. Mr, 0.1
Maurice, or mew iota, cos arents4 a (orm of
lithographic stone for direct printing, which
prorata to effect a complete revolution In tht
art. He boldly discords the ordinary flat stone,
and by the use ot diamond stone-working ma
chinery prodace a aoMd cylinder, from which,
ol course, impressions may be token with
greater facility and rapidity.
' 1 ,1. .'. T
Waaix Outurna lliairnaT. Th agricnl
ttrtets of Sooth Australia bore resolved to offeV
a first prise ol l,00,eaos)B ofJCOO and a
third ol 300, tor the boot wheat cleaning machinery.
't2 attain "Pa Bfi"''
tnQMP..'r1'lAll-
-
-v - Farmers' Grindstones,
i.rt
CrcmisingJthaUtlio grlicuj Iho right
kind lor on nxo or a toytno, it goou griuu-
ntonn will bo act to rnn smootblr and per-
fectly truo; lis fnco will bo ucltlior liollow
, j 0 watcr Buppljr. frc.u,
I i . ' ., , i. r-i
and not moro than for tho occasioD. Tho
wntcr-trongb, being often mad4 n part Df
ih 'to or boJ' 8houW b0 l,wvUed witU
i ad onllot for water, that tbo a tono may not
! iofl ,tnndlua; to oak tboroin, by n hich
. " , , .,., ,
ono tldo becomoa softer and bcavlor, from
which canto it rani nitu irroguiar apecu
ami wears unequally. Water It indlspon
tsablo to protoct tho tompor ot tho tools
and io koop tho grain of. tho aandstono
!. from tlio tmal particles oi sanu nnu
, Tcl dotacl.e.1 by friction,
' In applying tlio tool to bo gronnd, tbo
. prcauro must bo variod in proportion to
tho width of ths tool: and tho olToct will
bo very miiob varied by tbo .dlrcctionjtnd
' nooil of tlio stone. boiDR moro whon mov
, ing toward than from tho tool. In tho
... , . .f j. ,1,. - .
i '" ''""' "" v- '"it' .
I oon us tho boaring or oonrofity of tho
tool Is ground off, nnd only an wrerieneoa
iliand may safely practtco it: "HtOJ) abort
OI tins point, anu nnisn uy cuanging tuo
f"8'o ' oontaci.ot tool rriiii tuo .atono.
Uttt In grinding obieelt and piatio-irons.
tthon tho edge it formod by one plant and
ono bevelled sldo, tlioro Is a kind of Ira
verso motion to bo kopt np, wliloh contact
0vor tho wliolo of both aurfaca prcscrvos
them nearly straight nud piano. The An-
,8,,ng dgJ , , flner tool, goon on now
f ' J " , , i,,i, i t, n
"ivo"; rasprs, Ao.. Ift broul.t.oat by n
" atone.'vrhero tfio tool is told at a moro
obtuio anglo.
Tlio diUlonlty of applying a rest to a
tiortablo arinditono (as to a latliol exists
in tlio uncurtain wear and unequal tuo of
us snrlaco. uy tvnicu llio iruo cylindrical
form , s00n lost. To nvoid this, n lateral
motion must bo giron Io tlio tool, ullliz-
'"8 tlio" wUolO fOCO of tho ttonoj which il
. ..ii -... r.. ..i.i.i it r.,
especially neceisarr lu applying tho faco
of a common, or n broad-axo, as well as a
piano Iron; and, as. may bo npparcnt to
any ono, io grinding carpentor a gouges,
I a capo-cbisel, or; indeed, any metal-work-
or'a tools. It was troll satd. "ahon-mo
- tlio grindstone, nud I will toll you tlio
. " . . a a a .
character oi tuoanop:' ana tt mayDoaaia
, ., i
,U?,V "" l J 'c?f.a ," i'HS..
illi ono who lias had. but little
Pliunu viouiiiiviv. uvviiu m I4BIU1 .
prac-
, ..iiiii t- 'ii.a A ..; i.
glo ol two surfaces snail uo exactly repro
duced. There is a knack in perceiving
when this edge has come, and in not orer
doing, ori producing the turned ortwiro.
cdfro. which practice 'only can acnuire.
From a knilo this can ba removed ,by,
drawing across me tuumu naii,'uom oili
er tools, by rubbing across a piece of solt
wood. But a greater dlfllcully from re
peated sharpening, is to avoid In tlnio tha
formation of two convex surfaces, which
would be better if flat or even concavo
slightly, as whon tho tool it new. Even
a now ax is never convex all tho way to
the odgebut within a sixteenth of anlnch
ol tho edge takos from each faco a special
bovol, which is tho edge
Straight-edgod tools, liko chisels, when
boing set on tho oil-stono, are best held
in such a manner that the motion of tho
hands is nearly at right angles to tho lino
ot the cutting edges. Concave faces are
produced by stones shaped for tho pur-
pose, mil iney uo not corao within com.
ww uog vim , wviiury irvnHrriun,
i
Depth ol Lake Tahoe.
The GM JlUl .Veifi says: As many Items
have been published and exaggerated stories
told relative to the depth ol Lake Tahoe, we
are pleased to ba able to lay before our reader
the following series of soundings mad on the
lake by John UeKinneyv to well known at an
experienced nangaior ot tnoae romantic waters,
aud resident ol tht western shore ol tbe lake;
Jikly. Ftt Dttp,
Emerald Hit, ftvs rallM east, and
Yiaksuitloo. sli mlh Donbaul goo
Kuieraldllay. onadourth tails aortbeut i tvi
iiuiacon iiocas, are aiues east, ana
uwreld Ilsy, eve rnllsa aortoeut 1.3&3
Hublcon Itocls, two honored ysrds cast 0
HaUeoo Hocks, six miles northeast, and
Huftr Vina Foist, rlvs wiles east l7 sealh l.mo
Hugsr Plan rolat. ooe mils soatb. near short ... TO)
Bunr ruia Polat, three nitlea cast j oorth l,8it
Sugar rtoa foist, av rallsa Donhea! UiO
UUKSWoud.av miles rant l,soi
ntscXwood, OAa-fourth ulU asnt TOO
Tsooe tair, lour mnes east or avrnm.,., i,jao
ouoas' ami. oaobsli rails tut. 171
Tahot Cllj, sis miles east .' 1,114
Tthon an. sevea ullas tast br oorth. and -
olMrvatteri'uiLt. art route i I OO
outrvatorr roiat, totir rallra tast br Borth l.aio
Ilt SprUurt roiat, four suit due south...,.,,. iMi
i From this point southward ten miles along
the east aide ol the lake, three mile from shore,
tue acDia oreroseo irom i.-uu to i.auu itei.
Along tbe western old ol tbt lake, hall a mile
rum snore, it a precipitous onset, aimoel like
a vrttndieuiar wall, from 700 to 800 foil In
depth. It will thru he ateaUut tbt deepest
place McKinner found ti 1,05 feel; and at
Ihenortkerltportof tho Uk. toward U Hot
Spring section, he obtained hidpot sound
lags. At tbo middle el tbe lake ke ode the
depth about 1,500 foot. The obor tob-aauo.
otntUliotloswtU be of great interest to tbt
inousonasot vtaiiorswno yearly reton to tut
finest of all mountain lake in this sect lost ol
the world.
"i ""Farttiettjas'lvlecHaiiiM;' "
W il ii u I'iynnisi
vitiii"ti' li'li iho' odVanbigo of every
Carrier, to pe wall skilled in, the use ot car
penter s tools, it Umotiaiwayabonefloiai
foftf farmer" tcTpIaco fnircoflBdoBcS'fn
hia abtlitylto porforrrj till nlbohdntcal jobs
that come tip about tho promises to ba
dona, Tlioro aro many repairs that tho
husbandman may make if but little nc-'
qaalntod with tho principles of mechan
ism and tho use of tools, and savo time
and money thereby, bnt thero aro very
many more jobs whero he or those even
better skilled will do1 moro harm than
good in attempting to perform,
In tho first laco;thereis nothing moro
unsightly than botched piece of work on a
good article, , In the' oeeondplace, plows,
vehicles andlalatott rrorj;. portable imple
ment and machine on tho farm, have- par
ticular adjustsaentt td make (hem Work to
advantage, and thalaatV who does riot un
derstand the different principle on whlth
his several implemouts workhonld not
attempt to put la orfernnytBsakgajeI
Imporianoe; Ira should take tha aamf to
tho wbaelwrigM or smith -who, fiyes tht;
making aad refiring"x)f the oettairiHi
clo an etpeeiti and oarefnl ttedy..y- (
The beomof sT Blow onto h3 nor oJ.
jnstmont but lMtlr;all i ike. draft
and ease ol-manageinoni.'ir-And, ao the
tonguo-rou onuie. tied. uy.Dojsjovoet .too
high or too low 'In thevritlnert ol k sled
will cause unnatural pressure or .friction
upon the'cdrlh and consecinoutly 'riiaUo it
rnn hard, Tho effect of the bad setting of ,
tho tonguo can very ofton ba plainly seen,
in' tho way the shoos of the tied two worn.
If tho draft comes from a point too low
thero will bo a lifting in front, and a wear
ing pressure) at tho rear. If tho 'roller is
set too high tha draft is downward and
tho shoos aro worn away in front. If tho
gain Of an axle-tfoa is'notcorroolly given
or the box in tho hub' olNtho wheel is
nodgod out of tone tho rosnlt is a hard
running vehicle, and the application of lu
bricators will not correct the error. 'o
linvo seen mlitakos ol llio abovo naturo
hundreds of times, when tbe farmers who
mada thorn were losing ten times in wear
ot implnmantt and horsoflesh, what' it
would havo cost to bavo had tho work
oporly dono.
Palming is anothor operation which is
often very badly dono. On sotno articlos,
such as field rollers, harrows, plows, hay.
racks, heavy farm sleds, uto.,nhoro a coat
ing is given for protection only, almost
any ono can make aproQtablo job ol it, bnt
whore boautv and utility aro deeired tho
job had bettor bo "lot out."
mo man wuo is not acouiiomcu to mixing
and spreading points can to coat a wheeled
vohicle which Is nsod upon tho highway
that it is lit to bo seen by his follow men,
and tho moro he tries to mako it look
"fancy" by adding stripes to tho body
coat, tho more ho advortiscs his Inoxpe
rlence and laloo economy, xue allusions
wo hate made to a few articles and meth
ods of doing things, may as appropriately
uo applied io inouaanu moro, nna;wuuo
theso things' aretaid, 'wo advocato with
positive oarneftneat the establishment by,
evory tiller of tho toil, of farm work
shop, procuring of a good sst of tools, for
such an investment will, bo found, ono ot
tho most profitable that can be made in
enabling the farmer to do a thousand and
ono llttlo jobs about the premises, and
nof only this, but in giving tho boys a
placo to oxerclse and dovelop their me
ohanical gilts to givo them homo enter
tainment and at tbo samo timo mako them
usofnl. Ohio) thrmtr.
What I See on the Streets and Elsewhere.
(rrom tht raciao Burst Press.
I was' la a store the other dsy, waiting lor a
friend, when a rich, clear voice uttering tbe
woidt ' I cannot afford it, handsome aa It Is;
show me something cheaper," met my tar; and
turning, I'aaw a young, tastefully yet plainly
dreeeed lady, who was turning awsy from a
lovely sea-green silk, which was fit for Titanla
herself, and I wondered at ber courage In re
sisting tht temptation to purchase It.
" Hut, Wat, it would be so becoming to you,
snd it is very chesp tt four dollars a yard, and
you need not pay the cash down, as I will
cbsrga it to yon, snd you can give me tbe
money at any time. Bee!" and the wily clerk
held the delicate tilk in theeny folds and threw
a cosily lace flounce orer it, which mellowed
the intensity ol color, until It was really ele
gant, and I thought she could not resist It.
Her eves sparkled, and sbt hesitated a mo
ment, then resolutely turning away, she said;
"Ko, I cannot afford it, and it is against my
principles to go In debt for anything, much as
t desire It." What noble words shs uttered;
snd I admired ber all tbt more, for the second
time resisting that lovely silk; and such a girl
r.111 make a good wife for any man. "I cannot
afford it" what simple words, and yet. bow
Sbsrd to ntter, and how very seldom ever said.
ins young man ot tut wona, tue exquisite ot
the first water, tpenda double his Income ou
wine, women, and balls, sports a diamond pin,
a fast team, boards at a hotel, and has new
clothe and gaady neck-ties for nearly every
week in the year; who la fond of making
fireaenta to bis friend, to ahow that he la rich
u thli world' good; who owes his tailor, bis
Unuiord, hi washerwomen, and in fact, head
over heels in debt; he it a specimen of the
man, who lacked courage to toy tboie eimple
words: "J cannot afford It."
Tbt young lady who spend all ber pocket
money, In order to dress in the latest stylo, no
matter bow ridiculous, buys "a duck of a forty
dollar bonnet," and discards it in a month,
because it is half an inch lower In lb crown
than tbo lateat alyle; who pays fire dollars a
yard for a handsome silk, without a murmur,
and then grumblo and pays the dress-maker
about bolt what it la worth to make il; who
pats a gold piece Into tbe plate at church, and
refuses a crust to a beggar; who goes In debt
for anything and trerrthijig, leaving ber father
or expectant husband to pay tht bills; bow
mean and dishonest; such a woman is, beside
one wno say boldly: "I cannot afford It.'
Boa Jo, Doo. S3d, 1873.
Ws hear of tbt construction at Cronstsdt ol
a submarine reaatl of enormous dimension, In
which two thousand tons ol Iron and stool bar
been employed, which it propelled by two
powerful air-engines, will be armed with a pow
erful ram, and will carry oil the means for fix
ing t the knits oi vetttht largo eylisstre pf
rxiwdortrhkbUeoaafterwardaeaplodebyeleo-
trietly. Two glaos tyot will onable tho crew to
find their way about, tod they may choose
their count atwkaldeoth tbey please below
water.