Willamette farmer., January 24, 1874, Page 2, Image 2

2
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
Usipdi. lpoiHAT,ON'
Preservation ol Woodfrom' Decay.
Mr. Herman Ilanps 0. E., haa made th
subject of the preservation ol wood a special
study, with retultt wbjcli cannot fall to be of
great practical benefit to all wood consuming
Interests, The Immense qnWillaa of. timber
employed In tho construction andequlpmtat
of railroad), anil for "various', other purposes
where it la exposed to -pJn'dlUona peculiarly
favorable to decay, hua long- eiade sdtnaf cheap
any euecuve procraa ior preserving u a raatn
Deeded nrcllmlnarr toiln usaj To meet shit
want numerous processes1' have been devlatd,
all of which are more of leta defective either In
efficiency or economy, ot'bbth. These attempt1
nave usen various &. uo t mmom oLinem
the aim haa been toilatrodttee some'sort of
preservative ioatjJ,alMhb ,11 part I of the
woody maaa. The flrsttcialsltepf anyauo
ceasfal process In tha muter!!, which mutt not
tleJr-lmr-lab-apU.of -Uklug a fluid or
vaporous form, fn. order that It may readily
entet itb; jwr r)flb wood; and.whlieaolu.
tlon of corrosive anblimate, anlphate of cop
per, or chloride of lino am to answer the
purpose1 -viy well, Mr.THaopt considers that
dead oil, a product of the distillation of coal
tar, is, all things considered, beat adapted to
meet the requirements of, the case", ,
The next and most difficult point to be attained
Is the introduction of the preservative liquid
Into the Inferior of tha wood: but an absolute
essential preliminary to this Is Ibe removal of
the air and tho moisture which the wood ol.
ready contains, as neltber fluids nor vapors can
enter its Inters!iceS in anything tike the re
quired quantity when they are alreadyoccupled.
In practice It (s found necessity to extract the
air and water, and replace them wjih the an
tisentlo materials by a aloslo operation, a di
viding Ibe too involvre eijw.ure of the timber
10 ins air. wnicn would again rusu in ana nil
tho place of that before withdrawn. In the
llethel nroccss d ad oil Is used, and the onera-
tlon Is conducted in a single tank made of
boner ironi At tue bouotn ami siueaoi ibis
tank are numerous pipes for heating by aleam.
"The limber la placed on an Iron car and rno
Into the tank. The tank Is Oiled with dead oil,
which Is" then heated by the steam coll. A
firesanrenf one hnudred pounds' per square
nch Is applied by means of u band-pump, A
thermometer Is used to note the temperature.
The duration of the process' is twelve hours.
Tirol twelve Inches .amirs Is fully Impregna
ted, a f proved by boring boles. An air
pomp Is also nsed In connection with tho opern
tienfWdoahl to remove the escaping nlr and
aleam, and relieve the proasure whllo the wood
I being heated In theoil.'
.This Is the moat effeetlvo process for pre
serving' timber from drear that la now known;
but It la liable to strong objections, which have
tho far prevented ila coming lutu general nae
in this country. The wood takes up about Us
own weight of oil, or somewhere between three
and four pillions por cublo foot, which la be
lieved (by Air. Uaiijit to be about one hundred
times as much us is i needed to prevent decay,
and which, of course, Involve enormous oast
as well aa enormous waste. Thou wood Urns
saturated la exceedingly Inflammable, a condi
tion which makes It highly unfit for railroad
or ahlp-bulldlDg purposes. rlUgarding the
ueory ot tue process aa correct, tne uesul oil as
far superior to anything else aa a preservative
the author propo.es to get rlJ of those, objeo
lluu by introducing a smaller quantity of oil.
To accomplish thia he auggests tho uso of an
apparatus consisting of two tanks, Instead of
one; una a riceiyercorrreponuing to a retort,
in which. Ibe materlsl can bo placed and sub
jected to Uie action of heat, (bo other a con
denser, fn which all escaping vapors can be
condensed, and a vacuum malulained 'during
the procemt lu lioth vessels." Suitable means
(or trtablisblug and maintaining n vacuum be
ing provided, the neit ateii ia tho' appllMtlon
of heat In tho receiver by meous ot steam
pipes.
Tho water In the pores of the wood Is thus vap
orised, and together with the air that Is present,
escapes, the water being got rid of by mrana
of the condenser; and should the vacuum be
come vitiated by the escape ot air from the
cells, It may be improved by the use of au air
pump, "When sufficient lima haa been allowed
for the wood to dry thoroughly, cocks must be
opened connecting the bottom of the receiver
with a tank of dead oil at a lower level. Aa a
vacuum exists la the receiver, the atmoapherle
preaaure will fore up the oil, and tha timber
will be Immersed In the fluid. When the Im.
merslou baa continued a sufficient lencth of
time, which also must be determined by care
ful experiment, cocks may be opened nt the top
of the receiver to admit air, Iho oil not ab
sorbed will Immediately Mow back to the tank
from which It waa taken; Ike air, pressing upon
the exterior of the cells whlcn'are paillalty
filled with oil, while a vacuum exlsta In the In
terior, will force the oil beforo it, and Ihua coat
lu lu progress the Interior of Ibe cells. It Is
probable that In tbls wav a aufuelent amount
of dead oil may be introduced luto the cells to
prevent fermeuUtlou and deoouqioeiilon while
mi isr ueiow ine point oi saturation, anil tne
fioLMB. A correspondent (of the JTaofis
JfecAanib writes t "Solder of exoellent quality
Is to be obtained from the jointa of old sardine
tins or meat tins. I believe it is almost pure
tin. I have not analyxed any of it, bnt from
the way It' preserves lu, luster, H mnst be very
much richer in tin than ordinary solder."
(' "' l '
To Assist TMi Biobt'. Persona of defective
tight," when threading a needle, should hold It
aver something white, by which Ilia eight '.will
be assisted. f ( ' '.
Health and Comfort 'in. Heme Building
at te r i .(" fV I
'-.-'. .. titj. z,.: . ...
ui. jonn nayward.wics.rreuaeni oi'tno
Liverpool Architectural and Arehroologleal 8o
clety', lately read a ."paper on Health and Com
fort in, Douse llolldlng,' before the Bdyal Inttt
tute'of Hr(tith Arekit4ctt,-which ''iijer its alien'
lion. It wrnbrwotleed, iuaY'Dr. Hayward re
fera throughout to the climate of England.
Thmgh-a,d9B0ti.aT0th.n.deg,e.of llU ! 1 "WWIUtlU-. ""W,
here in California, we mako ap for It In. damp-1 ., nf-ih. n.i ru. ..t,,n. n,.. i. i
ence the condition are'similarr 1 doubt that 'tha odorous eraamttront of planla'i
ness, and hence
Dr. Hayward lays down eighteen conditions
in honse building aa absolutely, necessary In a
aanitary and medical point' of view, some of
the more Important of which are due cxpoiure
to fresh air aud sunlight, positive freedom from
damp, a large cnblo spaco for air, and abundant
means for tho escape of the foul and the ad
mission of fresh air. He also shows that It ia
easentlal that the air should bo warmed pre
vious to admission. Inded, ho maintains that
ventilation Is the great nnd main necessity of
house building; that whatever be left undouo
that should be especially attended to; and as In
tbls country, owing to t bo, nature of tho ell
nude, doors and wlndowa can rarely be left
open In the day and novorby night with safety
to health, it is necessary to provide specially
for vcktilMlon, And first nsto the teinporatnre
of the admitted air. No contrivance that oom
munlcatea directly with out-of-doors it, be
considers, can possibly answer In a country like
ours. This is especially the case aa respecta
bedrooms, which are often very improperly
constructed aud arranged, so tlwt the sick oo
cupant haa to be In winter In a onrrent of nlr
paaaing between the doorway and the fireplace,
from 2tP to 350 a temperature,' while the tem
perature of bit body Is 9i$ or 095. To this, in
ninely-nlne cites out of a hundred, patients in
this country are exposed, and the evil la Inten.
sided when the bed hat to stand between the
lira and window, and tha beating draught ia
wiui ine oui-uoor air.
To tbeso nnpronitlous bedrooms Dr. n
ward holds msr bo traced verr manr eaaaa ol
consumption, bronohitia and asthma. In fever
caaes much freeh 'alt Is required, and eonie
tlinca endeavor is made to obtain It even bv
vvuiuf iue uwn aim wiuuows, SO UU many
typhus fever patients die of pnenmonia.'and
many rbsumatio fever cases are prolonged and
complicated; and .with all their knowledge and
cars medical men cannot prevent the evils,
because of tha defective construction of bed.
rooms and ever ol Hospital wards. And it It
not only pailenla ia acuta diseases who, suffer
from theae imperfect archilailural arrange,
menu. Most persons oooasionally lake cold,
end in the majority of. Instances tha cold falls
on the respiratory organs, as Influenza, tore
throat, or bronchitis, when tha temperature of
tne air respired arrects very materially the pro
gress of the case, whether it shall bo mild ot
severe, whether it shall be curable or fatal. In
acute bronchitis the temperature of the air re
spired should never be lower than Ci"; bnt
bow Is it possible to obtain this temperature In
ordinary bedrooms In winter, when bronchitis Is
most prevalent T And even when It is ob
tained by well flitlog wlndowa and doors' and
Urge fire, matters are uot much belter, for
the very ruiaut taken to obtain warmth exclude
fresh air, and subject the patient and his at
tendant to the evils of foul air. And draunhta
are equally pernicious In allting rooms, where
persons may be roasted on one aide and frozen
on the other. roaullUic in neuralcla. rhanma.
llsui, colds, oonghs, asthma, consumption, and
a Ions train of connate human 111, ami tha
chilly lobby contributes materially to these
evil resuiia,
' Floriculture and. Hygiene. -
y r --M -1 ?t-.i Ax v"
A writer'intha!unif CarvtinM rive the'
following facts ' In confirmation of la sanitary
value of flowers ! "lu August, 18C9, bought
a small house in the upper part of Charleston,'
In a locality where fevers were ot f refluent oc
currence! I at. once, Set. to work, drained;
much aa" possible the lands aronnd the house,
and laid out the grounds for a flower garden,
lly friends warned me, and predicted that
before the end of the year 1" would leave the
locality on account of tha prevailing fever. I
did not mind them, but kept steadily Impn
mr Monertv. Durine the winter I had nl
a great many rose bushes, oleanders, sbiabav
etc., as also a few tig and peach trees, la) tha
y V Qoats. y,y
: c : -i-
r ) Mohair and its Uses. M
- ' 1 i ' r
'Aa growing mohair promlsos very ahort
lyjto becomo an important industry; on the
Pictflo coast, ah facts and figures con
ccrninptnatndnstry may provo interost
Ing to some ot1 oar render. Until williln
tho last few years tho production Of this
clothing material lias been oontlned chiefly
to small districts of Europo and Asia
Angora, in Central Asia Minor, being! tho
prinolpal one.- The world's production oi
Angora fleece amounts to only about 7,1)00
000 potmda annually, aa shown by stalls
Mo, and it is asserted on stood ,athority
that'tbo mohair manufacturers number
.but eleven in the satire' world. A com'
nftmlfvn hinnnnnlw nn ill hart nf Ibn urn.
fth mvlfAmlly entirely, and have not'haaai.innArWtina luwttr thA Anm.nn.nM. nnd'h
fever lo this ifay.sBeveraL of myneighbora corresponding monopoly on.thepart of
have follow, dniypacj; and Ibe locality is now u10 manufactfircrs the result. Hoico tho
aimosi entirely neuiiny.
a -well a lavender, mint, otc.) and whrevc a
'mall space ,waa ktft I' planted, 'tunfloweit.
Iho conatquene Waavthat altheajgh aeveral of
my-neignoora wary uown witn iwyer, i escaped
TrJK O.ICHr0.
tho manufacturers the result, Honco tho
?.K I"' "," ,B; ...... ...... fabulous nrlcos of mohair goods. Of
,; ., uj.witujjaIHUliaiUSWnco IBM lUB.f, ,,..., .- .,.,,(. r.t mnL.trl
iKooibi, not more tlmu two or tlirco aro in
lUiiX'hitod Htalcs. Tho proprietors of
one mill in 1'rovidonce,, iiumlo island,
imported in , 18C8 sovonty thousand dol
lars' worth of machinery for tho oxclUsire
mrposo oi woraiog up Angara iioace.
ana nowers, or ine oioue generated tnereby,
will do much, to neutralize or destroy the mias
mata of malarious district. The cultivation of,
nowers In such localities, will therefore bo
Domestic EcojJoMy.
Improved Buckwheat Panoake.
uowers iu uca locaiiiios, wiii inerejoTo oo: purpose of working np Angora Hooce,
found n vtluable' hnxllLry" to other tjgen o SvitLlnaVear after starling thoy ha.1 con
'""'" ; stimed all tho flcoco that could be obtained
in tho country, being the accumulation of
i ten years among wool doalers, bctldot
i importing 20,000 pounds from Asia Minor,
and sttu they are snort ot tue needful sup
ply to keep their machinery lu motion.
Within the last three years rnoro than fifty
Buckwheat pancalTl an article largely ,:?'," .f ?!?Ir 2.
ntfid but AS nneri.lt neflnAri.,1 il t ttnf SI In I . . 1 -.. -"-.. ..
, -..--.., r--r- ."---- -i jaoturora nnu introduced into tno oom-
ervoupalanytable. It Is hetvy and distress- J njoroo 0f tlto world. Tlioso Includo
Ing to the stomach. Though the batter may bo . wntcrod camlets,, possessing a beatity
light, yet when It geli on the griddle It it apt and brillianoy of aurfaco unapprotched
to toil and become tue beavy and indigestible ' "i iuos iniuio ui lusicr wools,
thing we find it. Not uufrequently it Is notir '?au H? "yaied uy Dims, decoraitya
v..w. n ii,i. mv i,. ni,i..i ..a . iii.i I lacos. buttons, braidings, coat trlmmlncs.
palatable cake made, with a little care, by the I'ght n"d durable clothn of elegant tox
addition of Graham dour mixed with the linek-' ture nnd repellaut of water, light, lustrous,
wheat, the Dronortlou of Oraham beimr a littl rich nrtielcs of dress for tho ucalthfxat
over a quarter. , mix mo uoor 10 seep on nanj ladles oi lasuton, nnd iiostcsstng nn tin
ready for baking. ben wanted to be used, bring . equaled gloss, sof tnesi, stroriRtli and du
Uiner sour milk raliillty. In rranco n kfnd of lann l nn
to a baiter with lutlerallk.
and bake at once. 'Iho first baling will In-PS?"' faM f donclonuos an 1 Chan
general not be satisfactory; It will lack light- ,l,,fr M,d lo,bo cheaper, tnorp durable,
iieu. sun it win i,. i...... n,.n' n,. .,...-. .and enually boautlful. Utrecht velvet
pancake. Now, leave what batter remains In baro been for some yonrs mado in tho
a warm room, Tbls will somewhat raise it) i samo country, and moro rocently in En
and the cake lbs next morning will bo Ira-1 gland, for hangings, furniture trimmings,
ttrnvAil. Another lv.nlt.fnn, hnnn1 ..nnm.- Ui.ln- -f M-.l.nA. f-I . .. .?
.ft. Ihn Vf.rmlK n. nf .Mdl-.. -l-ki- J. m. r: . . ...',. ... . v ..
?r."'.J,n.1..th"e '.'.. 'J111. .'nrther Improvement. tnrd ,,o boon known to brlntrit rtll'
y x..,.r s;r3 'Xl! ssss-.. a?.
i ue stove, as com at possible without freezing, i " , ' V .7, . . .. "u,.u
The soda will then have little or' no effect till . lao"'r V"P. n?'".8 the fur, for the weft
the heat of the griddle sets It In motion, baklns , r lining ItUo balr giving strength ant
durability, ,and tho fur warmth and soft
the paste as It rises. It wants a hot fire, so ss
to bake rapidly. The cake then will be brown,
and as light as a sponge, and very tender,
almost melting iu the mouth. It causes no
distress whatever, but dlgetta readily aud ia
neuunini medicinal somewhat, whloli result
iron ine coarse uranam nonr mixed with It.
It is hlshly relished, and may be eaten two or , i ", ' . . u
three time, a day, and the year through. Asinge skin tuns
Ihonshll will bal.vu lluktlnvnmn,.. il.. l.Mo SO 11 for from
ness) 'oil at retail at onoruious prices,
from $500 to $2,500, The skins of tho
young goats are frequently dressed for
furs, colored or not, and used for trim
mings, for the costliost ladles' drosses,'
5roce msy prove rapid aud economical,"
"ulnf and Oil lftaJt
WiTvnraoor l'laTsaoitn One of the cheap.
eat aud moat rffectusl coverings to render wood
perfectly water-proof, and lucre IU durability,
aud which will imparl to paaleboard Ibe ap.
pearence and strength of wood, Is that employed
In many wars by the Chinese, according to
teat mad with a sample aenl from 1'ekln by
Dr. rlcherzrr. It may bo pn pared aa a slightly
viscid fluid, fit for immediate use, by stirring
Into three pert of fresh serum of blood (or
defibrinaled blood) tour ratrtaof dry aLuka.1
Urn aud tome alum. It ahould be laid ou
twice, or at moat three times, In order to ren
der article perfectly water-proof.
Tu following Is given as a soap soluble In
sea water t Oil or fat, 10 parts; resin, 10; fish
?lus, 10; aoda or potaasa, 1; oxalate of pot,
The oil and realu are eaponiAed aa usual,
but with aueice of alkU; the glue previously
rendeml gelatinou by solution in oxalate of
potaasa, is then added, aud the whole heated
with constant stirring to SO degrees or sixty
degrees 0.
limns, llaoxxa ro Dai. Dip lb artiele
bright in aquafortis I rinae the acid off with
clean water, and plaoe In following mixture till
it burns black 1 ' Uvdroehlorie acid. 1 lba.i proved oomplsMy suooesaful, and very
sulphate of iron, I lb.; pur while araenio, 1 cheap. A few detalU superadded, Dr. Hay.
ia cieaa wair, ury in saw. I "' i.v . ,w.j, iu wry i .
The damrera of tha water eloaet avstem arn
forcibly expounded, the author showing that In
many caae the supply of fresh air to a house
la obtained principally through the water-closet.
"Tbls I one of the evils that our Improved
architecture and building have Increased, if not
absolutely provided for us, Ibe water-closet
opens into the lobby; the front door is nivlo to
fit aa lightly a possible to preveut cold draugbU,
and this preveut fresh air coming in from Ibe
front; whilst, with well-fitting Intermediate
doors to shut off kitchen smells, the admission
of fresh air from the back of the bouse la pre
vented. Theae arrancement make lha lobby
into a chamber, with the termination of the
main drain opening into it through the water
closet." In winter lim the Area In the llviug
rooms suck In Ibe poisonous gases and disease
germs mrougu in cioaet-pen out oi tne drains.
After a paaaing reference to a partial remedy
for such au untoward ataio of matters. Dr. lfav.
ward proceeds to unfold bit general aud com
uleta remedr for the evils enumerated, which la
couclsely defined as " Ventilation with warm
air by self-acting suction power." Ills first re-
fiuirrment, which he holds to be an absolutely
undamenta condition ol a healthy and com
fortable bouse, is an ample supply of fresh aud
agreeably warm air In the lobbies, corridors, or
other central spaces out of which the rooms of
Ibe boos open or draw their supply; tbls is
pruviuvu iur vj a luouiar pipe ai sue entrance
opening, or somewhere In the lobby. The next
thing Is the admission ot this air into the
rooms, for which special outlet are provided,
controlled by valve to accommodate the sup
ply w mi psiuii occupation oi ine room, in
abstraction ol the vitiated air is managed by a
separate fin from tha ceiling of every room
and watercloeel. and from every gaaellei in the
house, terminating In a common chamber pr-
uianeuny bmim, and eommunicaung with a
shaft, which may be let Into the kitchen flue,
aud must be so proportioned to the alas of the
honaaaa to empty Uof air three time every
hour, and aa often will the whole house ba r.
plenuned with, freea air. Thta plan has been
fried, proved completely suooesaful, and very
for muffs and 'linnet.
dressed list been known
825 to 8100. ltn.1,1
winter, yet iialetabl and aareelnir wall. It Is tho fabllcs made exclusively from mnhalr.
our own-mode, invented by us after long It is used in Irish poplins, brocades, and
tedious experiment. The oblecl w to .... in thn famnncahmarAa1tAw1v r smA.
liffht nalatabla raka. and at tlia um. .(. mm. '. il.-tni.r.. . t ...,
EM. ?LflrEt. .WAV.? ySS f0"1n ???nr.cturer., U the oxo bi.ant
VY have used Ihi cake for many, years, and ' ." !, , ,' T, rw "'. bayo all con.
use no other. Try it; but be patient at flrtt. '.T,1'.10 ''"oourago tho manufacturers.
CvuiuVy QuUUinan. Hpocial machinery with expert workmon,
.commanding high wages, aro required.
AsTicLior FooDraoK Cioxa. Among Ibe" n,l tboeo cannot bo sot up, and' ornplovod
notices of recent ruttenta we find the following, with profit, when the nrico of lha raw
granted to Mr. alahao, of Vermont: In making1 material IsMree ilollart a pound orioe
mo piupticvura oi a mm in Lawrence,
Mastchasetts, refused to pay only a abort
timo ago, stopping their michlnory rather
than submit to tho eitortlonato demands
oi mo loreign producers and dealers, and
being unablo to procuro in thia country
an adequato aupply. By calculation the
natural increase of 5,000 ewes reaelioa in
ten year. tliAsnnrmnr.ani.nika.nfft.Qfl 71a
The ssles of wethers and ewes (old) from
lb. Take out. rinse
dust, poliah with black lead, and then lacunar
WISH svat SVAV(
DrrsciTOii 'or Waits is Erasaut, Oiu.
Olh dlsaUled with water from plant contain
water, although they may appear perfectly
clear. On Ulnf auch oil with an excess of
ao-ealled Uaatiw, a cloudy effect is produced
by the preoipltatad drop of water, .iawricun
warmest house la winter and tha cool! in
summer; (he moat airy and fnah, and at the
am time lha house that i frt from cold
draughts in this country, If not la the world ;
and from personal experience of lha comfort and
advanlao of livina in a bona built to llv in.
and of ta discomfort of living ia aooaas built
for gain, I do not heaitate, in retereaoa to
ordinary houses, to vary the well-known eol.
gram, and aay that 'Knave build houses, and
tools llv la them.' "
or of being used aa a sauoe for pudding.
l'irrta. Seed the pvppers from the lop;
make a brine ttronir enough to har an
iwurlt boiling hot on the pepper, and let
them Und until they are yellow. Take
them out and put them In cold water for lit
hours. Then boll your vinegar, adding to each
f;allon one ounce of alum; throw your peppers
uto the boiling vinegar, and lake it immedi
ately off, and let them stand ten or fifteen ruin-
ntea, aua put into jars J wben cold tie them up.
No spices neoeesary.
Casts Tout. Take a slice of coo.1. rlel.
old cheese, cut it np into smalt pleoea, put it in
a liu or iron stew-pan, and to oue cup of milk
add three eggs; beat eggs and milk together and
pour on the cheese; set It on the stove, and
when It begin to almtuer, atir briskly until it
orma a thick curdle, then nour over tha in.i
ana carry to taoie.
To lliuovK Oazui Bums raou Wood.
Spread aoma starch powder ovar th create
pot, and then go over it with a hot flat-iron
till yon draw the grease; then aorap with glaaa
ora tirooer tenner, and rsoeat tha atareh now.
der and not Iron. Ammonia liquid may be used
a a nuiso, 11 in eiarca aoat not uxe au tha
gTMMOIU.
Oooo Coax Usul roobixo. Stir th meal
Into.aoalding aklm milk, till it I thick as gruel,
and, whan cool, add ginger.einnamon, nutmeg,
salt, and aweetealrag to auit tha taate, and a
Utile fin cut suet, and soma raisin or dried
peaches, and a fine cut apple. It ahould bak
aa hour or mora according to else.
Tai Vienna JaToaddu IUvitu affirm that. u.
cording to Uaatworthyiaformation. aa many aa
eighty-two Austrian joinbatoek oompani
will be unable to redeem their January enunnni.
The uupald dividends will amount tj aom..
thing Ilk 18,600,000 florins.
th said composition thl inventor take five
gallon, for instance, of cider, aa it come from
me ores, and nut tue ma into a suitable
boiler, after which he mlxea it with two table.
tpooutuls of flour and the white and yelk of
two to four rggs, first thoroughly compounding
the flour and the yelk and white of the eggs.
next, ine icmperamro oi me miliars Ol cider,
flour, and lha fluid matters of the eggs should
be raited to a boiling heat, or about such, after
which ten to twenlv-fire nouuda of snesr ara
to be added, and the whole agiuted or stirred . timo to time during this period amount to
Mr ttntll tlitM.Aiii.li ilUjAlntlns. ( !. a..u. ....... Aft ifi rt.m aa u t . ....
j.,. . .Uv...6m .... u. .uv.uKi,, ui., njio mm allowance uetng mado for sell no
have Uken place. Next, Iho solution is to be ll ho wcthora and 10 000 rl,l ...,.
raised to a tolling temperature aud akimmed, I .OVOn?, y I. 37 ?i H.r,MMl. SJ ' ?
the boiling and skimming Ulng continued unl SK VJ' '",?. f'J" ,Uo' ' ,U Jer. end
in .net. .m ...n....T. ... 1.. t.i. oj.ujs tho ninth year. Tlio flocco. count.
nlaoatomlucethallnuid lo ll, rinl.ll. ,i.. ing from tlio second yoar. (tho first rear'a
sltr. After this the liquid should be strained , 'jD valueless) amounts in nine years to
anapuiiuio uouies or suitable vessels lor prea-i "oi.ioj pounus. jts vaiuo, osttniatod low,
ervstion. nseor sale. If desirable, tha nmlnrt at CO centanor nonmlfnr Hu tnran.l 11.1..1
thus obtained may be flavored with any proper and fourth years; at 80 cents for the fifth'
essence, essential ML or matter, the whole sixth and aeventu years: and at 81 for the
when completed, answering for vrion. purpo. eight!,, ninth and tenth years, amounts to
e In cookery. s well b.lna.t.n Anlir..,! I r...,'-. AO..W . . . ' "moil"! IO
.:.;i 1:::', .- n'.r. ' - s hjui 01 &oj.vd'j.4u. nnm nn lit... A
suits and we have the following;
Vslator welbsrssDitwes soM $U.ooooo
Vslstot wool oU ..."......TsTT JW
. Vslus ot stock sn buj testh iisr (71.0UO '
twtsstllOewb) , TSOOOOOO
I..0r,11,ta,: ij.jto.9m ta
liberal mar sin ha hern Vuum .iini
for expenses, losses, and all reasonable
contingencies, first, by throwing off 25 per
.. ; .m u.,u. w iwnwo,- second, oy
detluctlng from the count the 0,000 com
mou goata to start with; and the third,
by making low estimatea of tales of fleece
and stock. The increase of the Angora is
never less than 100 per oent, often reach
log to 150 per cent. The ewes bear when
one year of ase: and when thnnr.Mln.nf
"breeding to points" is carefully puraned,
each succeeding generation improves in
quality and increases iu value in nrnnn.
tlon to its grade. Henoe, by retaining
all the 1 femalea aa long as they continue
good breeders, and marketing only the
MauTs. tun trsTtutruuru aziiaa inn rkariini ai m
inaaaata wawlilaita. 1 ... t
".""""i w yoan, aiiaint an
apparently fabnlons flgnre. Colorado
stincuiiurui.
A Vp'oKDtarcn AoaicciTuaar, llacBixs.
uere ia wnai an cngutb exchange Jroa aaya
about a irported invention: "Our enterpristno
V7 . nMv m. uvt wjnvsot wita ma
cnluea designed to perform ordinary operation
in asriculturs. bat thev davia iitruniin.n.
operalions. and then prooeed to invent m.
chineato carry them out. Ia thia country wa
"-""" " sails uur reaping aa.
for 1 we begin to plough for anothar crop. At
81, Lou!, a machine la beinn knlll vhd i. a
signed to cut and take np grain, and at th
asm lime to plough and seed the ground,
Surely the Ingenuity of agricultural machinists
cannot transcend Ibis."
Gathering. ot RIpeSFruit.
Joslah Hoop,who It good authority on
every tabject connected with fruit gathering,
tayti- y
v. "In regard to the gathering of 'ripe fruits of
different kinds, no fruit should bo taken from
the tree or.plantdursng a dnuxp time, and es
pecially wbe the flew is lpleatlful in early
mernlng. Keyef b ao hurried k to find causa
for the laeuse. 1 bad; no tiraa to handplck my
fruit, aril,' consequently,1 wis Iforoed to shako
tbemoQTfor tuclr' in very poor policy. Fruit
togalhered wil ktmose-lnavitably decay from
th effect ot brtuar JU4b sjieclmen ahould
be Uken. from th fto en by one, bandied at
if'theyjwcre A'manykfiri. The slightest
brulst or even aMslon oi the tkin it the euro
fore-'runnit of avk tpo which will eventu.
alljrehadnJuto kkaie forkof rot. The spore
nr'teed oflyjlare" alwoytrendy to aaaltt in
the work of .iliasolutlon.'and the alightest
cratchgiveJthem a foot-hold for their de
structive work. Bcaroely any variety of the
largest fruit color or ripen so well if left to per.
feot themselves oa-tha tree, and especially-It
this true in respect to pears. Summer varie
ties, as tryryiappreaoa I maturity, toowri I tLMr
hold somewhat ou the limb, and by gently rata.'
Ing the fruit they will easily detach themselves
st the proper period. This is an excel,
lent' test; and 'rnay always ;bo relied on. To
color up fruit nicely, all that ia ntcetaary will
bo to spread a blanket on the floor in a cool
room, and 'then' thinly and'evenly ploco the
fruit ou the floor.' A second blanket mnstba
spread over them, and In a khort time the 1 fleet
0) the treat will be apparent In tho most golden
colored Ilartlstts, and rlclij ruddy-looking
BcckeU Imedntblov Pears' perfected In this
manner rarely 'have the mealiness of their
naturally rlnencd companions: nor do thev
prematurely deoay at tha cor as when left ou
the tree. Peacbe aro too frequently gathered
before attaining full atze , and when thl is the
case wa mutt not expect fall flavor. They
mutt obtain thl requisite before catherltm:
although it It not necessary to delay nicking
until very mellow. As a general rule, all fruit
are gathered too early; and, aa high color It not
a algn of maturity, many experlencid fruit
growsr aro frequently muled, Never rick
strawberries before they uc red, nor blnckher.
lies solely ou account of their dark appearance.
Each should remain ou tho plant for soiuallmeN
thereafter., The Albany arcdllns strawberry
chacgoa to a deep crimson hue; and galnVcon
tlnually in size snd coloring prooeit. fit It
then rolt tnd excellent easing. Aud so with,
blackbcrrlsf, Jullke manner many complaining
ot tbeir.exlreme taitueat when the fault was In
gathering Imperfect fruit. The Lswton d&JStv
Itochelle variety, in particular, is dellcloUa tntr
ing, if allowed to remain on the plant untllsof t,
when" the, slightest touch will .sever it hold,
Strawberries picked with, tho fylyx (or.BulipT.
adhering, will always carry better, and be leas'
liable to decay than if carelessly pullet) off ?
without .this appendage. Tho foregoing re-V
murks In relation to the proper time for guher"
ing fruIU 'are equally applicable to the grape.
2 'bete generally color long before they malureQ
nd tho many a novice iu' fruit cultuWfrc -'rnjenlly
form' n 'uajust opinion of bUV(i'le
tlea',tmnfy from testing 'unripe tpeclDcnt.
Orspes tnould always be severed from tbawln -with
'strong tdssort or trimming shears, suit?
neyfr twltteil Or broken off. Tbe nice appear---ane
of fruits ot all kinds. In their boxes or
baskets, In' the markets; will alwaya conttand
a betur price, than when slovenly ' done nji,1 ,rT
' ' . : f iVil fj r
"llovr'Vo SliKB aaimsa.Wix. Thomas
vv..a-. if.i-.. .. 1 1, . 1.
writes : " Take two path mutton tallow, three-i
partsbeeswat melt the; tallow' first, aud',tit.
the beeswax aud resin Into it. Then il.rt albr
melted, stir It all up and pout It luto coldarates .
and work, it over. If there, ark lump lu.lt.
math them with your thumb and finger. VThe.
longeryon work It the more tticky it grows-,
"When it begins to stick to your hands, put
tome tallow on them. Work it till it it as"
sticky as yon want It. Put in a tin pau with un
cover to it, and it will keep for a number ' '
years, I think it 1 as good as sticking waive
to put on any kind of soret. Home peopkvpuf '
in mora tallow than they put In resin or teei.
wax, to make it softer to work in cold weather f
but if' there ti too much tallow in it, it-'wlll
melt and runout In warm weather, I bavariad,
about forty years' experloneelh graftlugftnd
nsed a number of aorta ot grafting-wax. Homo'
people put it ia hot water, ami make morals
trouble than there is need of. I wet my finner--.
with my tongue, snd don't find any ilKHculty y
iu patting tha wax on. I put a Utile wax on
ine enu 01 me grail."
1
QtMUTixs or Wheat. A subscriber,' "
in New Haven, wishes to know whothor
England or America raises the bost wheat. "
JrVflt. If nrlce is to bn iaknn aa a milila
to qnallty, wo may say that California
wboat is bettor than England wheat. VTo
find the following latest quotations ia
thoEngllsh papers, viz.: "English whoat,"
fifty-two to sixty.threo shillings per quar.-"
tor of eight bushels; tlio best English
whlto wheat, (Esaoi and Kent,) elxty-'
seven sbilllngs; California wheat, aUty
six shillings." California wheat may,
therefore, be considered better than tho
Sonertl rnn ot English and equal to the
est of it, at least so far as price goes.
But millers in England often pay a digit
price for'a Tory dry, hard foreign wheat,
such as California, because It helps their
soft wheat to grind better and yield more
flour. So, after all, thia may be an ex
treme case. The price of ordinary Amer
ican wheat in En ir land ia now flftv.fiva to'
fifty-nine shillings per quarter. This ia
mainly No 3 Chicago or No 2 Milwaukee'
really inferior grain. Ordinary Eng-,
lish wheat is quoted fifty-three to sixty
shillings. It may be concfndeil that thars
is no appreciable difference between these
wheats. Timet. .
A NlWtraria IS Bavin. Tha moatamn.lntr'
.uu rrmaraaow paper ever printed was tne
Jut llMorvpt or JlAymuv; Gautlt of Jacque -Loret,
whlcb, for fifteen year from 1650 to
lCCo, waa latued weekly in Varia. Itcontiated
of W0 verse, summarizing tha week' new in
rhyme, and treated of every claw of subject,
gray and gay. Loret computed, in 1683, the
thirteenth yarVf hi enterprise, he hsd written
oer 300,000 vara, and found mot than 700
different xordiuma, for he had never twice be.
van bta OiuttU with the ama atree in matter.
He ran about the oily for hi own news, never
tailed to writs good versa upon It, and never
had anybody to help him, and his prolonged
and alwaya equal performance, ha been pro
nounced aomethina' nninne in th. history of
Journalism.
Eaoxr weubs S3 lha. to th cublo foot.
iwavai rure me aame;aicaory, wains.,., uircii,
001
white pine, 25
IU.: cork, IS lb.
pine.