2 WILLAMETTE FARMER. TrJE SrEEf pOLD. Long-Wooled Sheep. Too littlo attention is givon to tlio mor its of long-woolod shoop. Thoy produco not only oioollont mutton, but very hoavy flooccs of a quality of wool that is in prominont domain!. A correspondent in tho .WcJilyan Farmer writes as follows: I seo by your paper Mint tUo long-wool-od mutton shcop havo not boon roprojont od of lato by uny of your correspondents, and now, whon that kind of mutton is beginning to bo npproclatod, and worth moro in market than boof, I do not sou why thoy should not bo brought more prominently boforo tho public, Thoy will lay on moro moat for food consumed than u hog or a bullock, producing thoir flooco in addition; why, thoroforo, aro thoy not moro profltablo? Tho Cotswolds havo been vory popular in England for inuro thnn half a contury to my knowledge, and tho (Jotswohl rnm sales hfivu avorugad from S0 to S7f por animal for every year since 18110 to tho present Umo, showing plainly Mint suoh mutton is appreciated there, and tho brood a popular one, The Lincoln uro of a similar charactoraud itisalmoHt impossible to say which breed deserves tho nscondnn oy; both havo strong supportors. I am fully satisllcd that they hnvo dorivod benollt from each other, ami whoro tho silvery, curly wool of cither has been a prominent foaturo, tho Hock has always been suporior, for undor this curly wool you aro sure of finding quality of mutton with utituoss to lay it on; you ulso invariably II ml sym mntrv under such a covering, This fact bus boon much overlooked; tho most prominent breeder of Cotswolds in Glou cestershire, Knglnnd, discovered this so crel and bred for it, and I know in two instances roHortod to superior Lincoln owes to obtain it, and found rams from them rreated tho desired improvement sought for, whilo still retaining tho char acter of the C'otswold from tho ram. Homo clour faces and bare poll were pro duced, while the weight of carcass wits prosorved. TIioho c died Loieoslnrs in Canada, are moro like Liucolim; tho majority of them havo the clean wliitci face, long ears, and more curly wool of that breed. Tho orig inal Leiccstcrs of I laltuu ell had tho blue fauoH, short oarx, with thick-set wool, straight and lino in llcece, ami there is not it illicit in existence to my knowledge. Many of tho character crop out in the Canada Hooks, but they uro not patronized, because tho curly coated ones aro found to bo moro hardy and profitable, and those who adhero closely to this class in breed ing are most successful. My opinion is that original Leicester will become extinct, nud the character of Colsnold mid Liucolns maintained as the tutdo for good mutton increases, Jloth of these breeds aro bo coming very popular in Canada and in tins country, and w ill ultimately bo bred with as much earn hero as in J'.nglund, where the long-woolcd sheep has always been considered the poor man's friend, whilst tho epicure allied the Southdown mutton moro highly; but a good leg of fotswold or Lincoln is siitliuiuntly palata ble, ami brings tho highest price for its incut. Wool-Growing n Success. Wo uro asked why wool growers do not fail as other men sometimes do. Wo an swer simply because the growth of the wool, and the increuM) is as perpetual us the tiiiio in which thev live. It mutters not how dark the night is, the wool con tinues to grow, ami it matters not how the wind blows or how it muv storm, ges tation is inner longer than I fill days. The lambs will average one half females, ami often twins, and llioy breed the next year, milking a double compound a perpetual growth mid no loss, liver; thing that does not go into market goes buck to en rich the pasture; and though tho laud lord may be sick it docs not stop the growth of the lambs, Not so with other business. The me. eliauie or the man who works for salary has nothing to grow while he sleeps; when his labor ceases his income stops, mid his expenses are perpetual. It is true there are perpetual expenses attending tint sheep ami gout business; but under the most unfavorable circumstances, where they can live on the commons without feeding, the meat of the wethers will pay nil expenses without drawing on tho wool or increase of the owes. Hence it is like a perpetual stream llowiug into a basin, it is only a question of time about tilling it to overflowing. The drawback seems to be that men do not relish living aw ay from thickly populated settlements mid towns, depriving themselves of society for the sake of money. This objection can be obviated. In all now countries there aro villages constantly springing up near which good sheep range can be hud, where the owner can visit his docks daily, ami also give his family the bencllt of schools and society. Facti niul Figurt. Avti-itiiHN Wool l'uoiu'criov. During the past tliroo years, (lie great increase iu the importation of wool, as well us the improvements made iu the manufacture of shoddy, have hud a tendency to lender I unprofitable the raising of a line grade of wool ut home. List j ear 'J0,000,000 pounds of shoddy were used by American manufacturers, much of it being worked into the lluest grade of woolen cloth. Thii is to bo deprecated, not only from the discouragement it aids indisviiiiuut log lit wool production, but from the ten donoyitwill inevitably lmve of lowering tho standurd of Americau made woolen goods, which for some time back bus boon steadily being elevated, till, us iu some other brauobea of American indus try, tho American reached a piano where it can successfully compete with foreign manufacture. Iu 1871 the importation of foreign wools was 50,000,000 moro than in 1870 and in 1872 tho incrcaso was 70,000, 000 pounds moro. It is to bo hoped that this and succeeding years will show a chango in tho tendency. TljE Djihy Deep and Shallow Setting of Milk. Mr. D. N. Farrnnd, of Tvlorristown, writes to tho Vermont Farmer that intend ing to adopt tho deep pans or pails for his whole dairy, ho engaged n supply which reached him when in so great a hurry in having thnt only ono-hnlf of tho pails wcro sot, consequently tho milk of every othor day had to bo put in tho old-fashioned pans. His wifo suggested that tho cream bo kept soparata to sco which produced the most butter. Tho cream in tho pans mai'o tho most buttor tho tlrst thrco days, whon tho following thrco experiments worn mndo: Weighed tho milk, sot ono day in pails, tho noxt day in puns, and so on for six days; then churned, and woighed tho but tor. In tho second trial there was ono moro mominu's than niulit's milking: in tho third, one moro night's than morning's milk. Tho depth of tho milk in tho pails iu tho first two trinls was from sevon to ten inchos; in tho third from ton to twelve; anil in tlio pens from two to two mid ono' half. Tlio tomnoraturo of tho air wns cron orally from CO' to 70"; that of tho water from 1U to 00 ; when too air was aliovo GO1 wo cooled tho milk set in pans before sotting in tho milk room. Wo skimmed the milk ns soon us it began to change, which was in about forty-eight hours with tho pails, mid thirty six with tho pain. To mako a pound of buttor it took in first trial: with pails, i!7 pounds of milk; wun pans, ho pounds, iu tho second trial: withtpuils, l!.r pounds, 111 ounces; with pans, 21 iiounds, 10 ounces. In tho third trial: witii pails, 27 pounds, lit ounces; with pans, 2,1 pounds, 2 ounces. The triuls wore made iu August, commencing tho tenth. Washing Milk Dishes. I was somewhat exercised iu mind by directions I lately read iu a furmor's paper for washing dishes. The writer bids us wash our milk-pans, etc., tlrst with boil ing suds, then rinse them iu boiling water, mid then "wipe them with a damp cloth." Hho says iiho cannot jell tho reason, but she Duds that if tin things me wiped with a iierfeetly dry cloth "there is a stickiness loft behind w hich soon becomes u sotiruos." 1 think I can loll her the reason. It is bo cause the cheesy part of the milk has been scalded on the tin, mid is only taken oil' (mid but partially then, 1 am afraid) by the cool damp wiping cloth. I think that most good housekeepers prefer to wash the milk-puns tlrst iu water below scald ing heat. It is very common in good dai ries to wash them 11 rut in cold water (which does not remove the cream) then iu hot suds (which does), then iu u clear hot water rinso, wiping or setting them ill the hot Klin. .Siuco reading tho u tiulo re fercd to I have tried it many ti.net), and have never found thnt the cleanest mid driest of wiping cloths left uny stickiness behind; but I never wash dishes iu scald iug water. I seo people pile their dirty dishes into the dish-pan and pour boiling water over them, and I feel sure there will be somo "stickiness left behind.', Warm water, but below tho scalding heat, is bent, unless your dishes aro soiled principally by fat ami butter, livery thing but grease scalds on instead of oil'. Agriculturist. I'Acniuv lltrrrmi. The butler now undo iu factories uniformly brings a higher price than the butter made by farmers, mid simply because it is better Why it is better is what ovorvbodv mak ing butter should understand. Iu the tlrst place, persons aro employed who aie careful, industrious mid conscientious. Secondly, everything is arranged for set ting the milk properly, for keeping a giv en temperature, for skimming milk at exactly the right time, for churning under best conditions, ami for working, salting, packing and shipping the butter iu such a war that the original elements will retain all their tine qualities, lty doing these things there can bo no bad, nor even second-class butter, and every pound of it is strictly "gilt-edge." As butter is usually made, 'fully half is poor, even during the mouths most favorable for unking it, mid for want of proper subsequent man agement, n considerable poitiou of the best half becomes no better than the poor est half. The loss to farmers generally in making butter is so great that unlet." thev adopt better methods it will bens well to engage iu some other business, X 1'. 'Ihlmne. Wiivt is Sun or Horn u When a wholes do deiler is questioned as to tho proportion of really tine butter he receives In his consignments, he replies "live ptr cent." A linger proportion than this comes to market us grease. Tlio grocer will tell you that of all his stock good but ter is the most dillloult to procure, and costs hi::, more time mid trouble to select. Wo know there is no good reason why this ihould be. Here mid there, scattered widely apart throughout the country, we knovv'f irmers who make excellent butter. which would be cl iscd ilrsl ouality iu the in irkot, mill next door to those uro ucigli liors who make trash tintlt for food. On the counters of country stores may any day be seen rolls of butter most widely ditl'erent in color, lluvor and texture. One farmer is careful and cleanly; his wife keeps her dairy sweet, her p.uls and pans perfectly luirojunother keeps a foul stable. milks in mi unclean fashion, has rusty feed and foul water for his cows, while his w ife is eqiin'ly e.iroless in her duty. How can the butter in these two cases be other than widely different in quality mid value? Miitichuetls lUoughnmn, KiiKi'iuTUu, A correspondent nk ut to publish "komouf tho lust cure" wo know uf tor rheumatism. Wo dun'l know of any p ciflo for thnt complaint, Ph)lcians em only alleviate it but cttiuol drive it from the ) tern. HofAE JND ffmn. Roads and Road Making Thcro aro bnt fow duties porformed by iuwii ur municipal nuinuruics which aro moro important than making and keeping in ropair tho common highways. It is n duty, wo nro sorry to say, sadly ncgloctod in many sections of tho country; and in somo localities the mattor of road making is regarded us of no importanco whatovcr, and tho working out of highway taxes, by the residents of tho towns or districts, is simply n farco nnd a fraud. Evory good citizen should feci an intorcst in good roads, as thoy contributo immensely to tho comfort of travoling, and savo much in tlio wear and tear of carriages. It is true, wo must not expect in tho rural districts tuo wcll-carcd-for, solid roads of suburban towns around cities; but thcro is no ox cuso for tho rocky, neglected paths which aro often found, nnd over which it is of ton positively dangorous to travol. If towns would nttond to ono point connected with their highways, that is, carefully roraovo, onco in two wcoks, during tho Summor, ovory stone which is brought to tho stir faco by rains or drought, it would rondor oven bad roads vory comfortable Tlicto loose stones uro not only a causo of great discomfort to travelers, but also of iutonso anxiety. Thoy put in peril life and limb, us horses nro cry liablo to stumblo in pass ing over thorn, nnd carriages nro ofton brokon. Try an experiment. Itido ovor a neglected road in tho country of n mi'o iu extent, if you havo tho courago; then stop at a farm-liouso nnd givo tlio farmer n couplo of dollars to pick out tho stones; rido buck over tho pathway again, and no tico how grout is tho chango, Upon your return you can trot briskly along, with a sonso of comfort nnd security; whereas in passing ovor it previous to the removal of tho loose stones, you prococdod slowly mid in misery. This illustrates how cheaply nnd expeditiously bad roads can be improved. If ovory town in those sec tions where Inuds nro full of small boul ders would provide simply for tho romov al of them from the pathway ns ofton ns onco iu two weeks during warm wenthor, the roads would bo moro comfortable thnu if ten times tho cost was expended in dumping on loads of sand, or plowing up roadside soil and piling it on tho driveway. Wo hope these hints will not bo lost upon those who have our common highways in charge. Journal o Applied ChemUtn. Velocity and Motion. It is of eminent importanco that farmors should have a more perfect understanding of tho strength of the m iterials of which their implements nro made, and tho most economical and effective velocity for tho moving of different parts of complicated machinery. Manufacturers of all kinds of farm implements should understand well tho laws of force ami motion; and whether n given operation is performed, for tho most part, by muscular one, or by the momentum of it machine, us tho greut etllciency of tho working parts of u mil chine depends almost entirely on tho piop er weight, or tho most economical velocity, of those parts that porform tho operation required. Wo illustrate our meaning: When a givon operation is lobe performed by machinery, if the work be light, it be comes necessary to increase tho olooity in order to economize time, mid to make n judicious appropriation of tho force em ployed. When tho work Is heavy nnd tho ell'octivo force limited, the velocity must be diminished. Were it porsou, when turning it funning mill, to nttnch n crank to the journal that holds tho wings or fans, mid givo the various pnrts of the mill tho necessary velocity, tho fatigue would bo so great in a few minutes as to causo complete exhaustion. Hut by em ploying a sv stem of wheels, so Mint the action of the muscles may be much slower the labor may be continued for several successive hours with but littlo fatigue. This principle holds good in constructing almost all kinds of hand mid horse imple ments, There is it certain movement, or velocity, of the various parts of almost every implement or machine which will render the working parts more effective than they would be with a slower or quick er motion, or with a higher and lower ve locity.. (litKAHiMi llrmui.s ami Wauoss. Creasing buggies mid vvngons is of more importance than somo imagine. Manv n wheel is ruined by oiling too plentifully. A will-mudo wheel will endure constant wear from ten to twenty years, if euro is taken to use the right kind mid proper amount of oil; but if this matter is not at tended to, the wheel will be used up iu live or six years, or it may be sooner. Lird should never be used on it wagon, for it will penetrate tho hub nnd work its way around the tendons of the spokes mid spoil the wheel. Castor oil is n good ma terial for use on an iron axle; just oil enough should bo applied to it spindle to give it a light coating; this is better than more, for tho surplus put on will work out ut the ends and be forced by the shoulders and nut into the hub around outside of the boxes. To oil tho axletrce, tlrst wipe tho spindles clean with n cloth wet with turpentine, if it won't wipe with out it. On it buggy or carriage, wipe and clean oft' the back atid front ends of the hubs, and then apply a ory small quan tity of castor oil, or more especially prepared lubricator near tho shoulder's point. Tnr.HK is u great knack iu husking corn, and some men's hands mid strong, horn like thumb nails are peculiarly adapted to rapid work. The operation of breaking oil the husked ear from the husks is very trying to tho hands, mid the skin between the thumbs and forefingers, if not unusually tough and leathery becomes blistered and sore. Mittens aro iuconveuiout; gloves worse. I havo tried and thrown aside tho "husking gloves," armeil with metal claws, etc., mid have gone back to the simple old fashioned husking niu made of hickory, scraped smooth, with a leather thong to go over two lingers, whilo tho pin is held within the bauds, across the base of the lingers. Ut, frllSCELLEOlls. Invention. After tho increase in the value of labor, we have as causes of invention first, tho progress of civilization; second, tlio increase of trade and commerce; and third, the spread of warfare. And, strangely enough, each of these is also re sponsible for the advancement of the very in lltience upon which each has depended for its own increase, bo marvellously interwoven are the relations between invention and human existence and progress. For instance, trade and commerce languished until invention fur nished them with facilities. These facilities widened tho lines of trade and commerce, and these again involved the necessity for added in vention to k?ep pace with their requirements. Again, conditions of warfaro stimulated the Invention of now implements; and tho oxisleuco of these begat a feeling of security which im pelled towards conquest. Finally, invention, while satisfying old desires, created now ones, which again stimulated it to renewed effort, and thus Improved Instruments and conditions pushed forward civilization. Wo find, then, that the causes and effects of invention have been correlative, and mutually reactive, which accounts, in a measure, for its remarkable stiides during the period wo havo named. Wo find, ulso, that invention, whilo directed In so many thousand different ways, and bearing upon so many thousand different results, has really tended towards but threo grand conclu sions to which its details havo only been sub sidiary. These, have been tho advancement of trudo and commerce, siguifying peace; tho im proved facilities for destruction, signifying war; and tho progress of civilization, signifying hu man perfection. To these distinct and vital purposes havo beon dovoted tho labors of Inven tion, whether directed immediately towards agriculture, mechanics, or the arts of design. From gunpowder to tho clectrio telegraph and tho scwing-machluo, ono portion of mankind has invented to preserve itself, whilo another has labored for its own destruction. Tho principles of good and evil, of life nnd death, struggling for ovtr, as In thu old Hindoo mythology, for supremacy. To invention we owo our present advunctd condition of being, and to tho same element wo may charge all tlio ovils which havo kept paco with it. Invention induces us to cut down forests for ship timber, and to improve our dwelling places; and tho loss of these for ests changes tho climato of localities, and renders them, to a certain extent, uninhabitable. Invention has enabled us to livo in compact and closely-constructed quarters; and this mode of living breeds pestilence, poverty and fairiuo. Invention improves, temporarily, our modes and stylos of weariLg nppurcl, and this begets extravagance, which. In turn, brings upon iu b.inkruntcv. Invention has increased n thou sand fold tho quantity and form of our food; jet there aro moro starving ones to-day, and food Is higher priced than it was flvo centuries ago. mctssity is mo motner ot invention, and the children of Invention aro still neces sity. HuUdtr. Combination in Machines. It is surprising, says our ablo coteninorarv. tho Artisan, whtu wo come to analvzo machine arrangements to niui now much skill aud in veutivo talent has been expondod in tho com bination, or aggregation, of functions in ma chines, without adding to thoir efficiency, or oven cheapening their cost. Tho combination of soveral functions in a single machine presents to tho unskilled tho highest grade of novelty, and ns nil know, the distinction between novelty and utility is e-:-cetdingly ditlicult to understand aud deflno. A machine that will drill, turn, mill, and so on, carries to tho mind an impression of great utility, a kind of conviction thnt such a ma chine will perform all these operations ut orco and is equal to n drilling machine, a latho and milling machine. Nor Is llil-t estimate by any uuaiiscontlmd to tho unskilled, as is proved by the great nutnbersof combination machines, both for wood and iron work, thnt nro co itiuu ally mndo and sold, especially iu England. In this day of dividing labor and shop pro cesses, ev erv thing points to a divlsionof machine function; tho more n machine, can bo subdivi ded the greater tho HVct that may bo produc ed; aud tho present wants iu manufacturing machines nnd tools, us before said, point to "segregation" instead of "aggregation." In stead of machines to turn, bore, aud mill, wo netd mtichiiiis directed not only to rach ope-, utiou separately, but these machines should again Is) subdivided into classes bultul to heavy, light or spec! il work. Combination in uiucbims can havo but few objects; the sumo frame may support two or more machines, but nothing is savtd but tho material in tho fra ming, and sometimes tloor-room; nearly al ways these considerations uro more than bal anced by a want of adaptation in tho machines; that is, ono function in tho machine must be adapted to another, instead of to tho work to be performed. As u rule, a combined machine givesomploy. uu ut to but ouo attendant, and rcpresttits but a single machine while operating; its other functions biing idle while only one is active Combination machines uro useful iu certain aud exceptional esses If ouo man rati per form all tho niaihmo opentionsiu asm ill shop, er all tho Irrtgulir jobs in a largo shop aud a combination uitchitio is so arranged us to causo no loss of time iu chnugiug from ouo operation to another, then such a machine may bo used with advantage. Au illustration of this is seen in tho universal milling ma chines generally employed iu tho tool rooms of our 1 irgo shops. Another, and perhaps, the ino.t important obj.ct of combination in ma chines is to avoid changing tools when several ditlenut operations aro to bo performed on one piece, and win n much time is saved aud accuracy secured by a combination of tool holding appliances, or a combination of splu dies that may act siicotsstvely. Ikciiustation or Uoilkks, Ac Of all the approbis of industrial chemistry, this is per haps the greatest, and numerous and no less ingenious th iu unsuccessful have beeu tho ap pliances to that end successively aunouueed, tried, aud discarded. Among tho mors recent are the resolvent fluid, patented by Mr Hat ful! aud the sand-blast, both still upon their trial. The incouvtuieuce aud positive danger occasioned by iucrustatiou nro more evident than the success ef either remedy. One of tlie litest examples of these, as regards water pipes, wo have from lioston, where, according to tho AVir 1'orfc Timtt, tho local tiro lusuiauro companies are now calling atten tion to the couditiou of the water-pipes in that city. It seems that the water supply is greatly dimmished by tho iucrustatiou tormed ou the lusiile ef the irou pipes by the. action of the water, so that a 3-iucti pipe that his beeu laid teu years become reduced to 2 inches, those of t iuclusto 3, ard the Citicb mams reduced to 5 aud 4 inches. A pipe was recently taken up iu Howard Strtet through which ou could not ste, though water flowed slowly ; and a pipe of 3-iuch,bort was Uktu upiti Hoacou Strrt-t tilled up solid with rust. Iu tbo suburbs criumt pipes aro Used, but it is Mid that (hey aro hardly strong enough to liar tbo pressure of tbo Cochituat vtatt-r, Fruit Without Flowers. At a meeting of tho Academy of Natural Sci ences, Philadelphia, Mr. Thomas Meeban pre sented an apple, which was borne by a tree at Klttanlng, in Pennsylvania, and which tree never produced any flowers in the popular ac ceptation ot the term; but always yielded an abundance of fruit. This specimen furnished a practical illustration of some morphological truth which could not often be demonstrated in the way this afforded the opportunity of do ing. It was admitted that a fruit wsb a branch with its accessory leaves transformed. The apple fruit was made up of a series of whorls of leaves comprising flvo each. Cutting au apple through he found a series of fivo form ed the carpels containing the seo Is. Soveral series of whorls, very much retarded in devel opment, probably formed the stamens, but this could not bo so well seen In the applo fruit, as they seemed to be almost absorbed in the co rolla series. This was tbo noxt in order that appeared In tho divided apple tho green curv ed fibrous lino which we find in all apples mid way botween tho "coro" and the "rind" is the dividing line between tho series which forms the corolla and tho outcrseries forms the calyx. Iu this tree there aro no pistils, the series which usually goes to make up this part of the fruit structure being either very rudimentary or entirely wanting. Henco there was no coro to tho fruit. Thd result of this want of devel opment was that tho usual calyx basin of tho applo was in this caso occupied by a cavity three-quarters of an inch ncross. Thero wore uo poinls; but in placo Ave gland or rather bud scalodiko processes, at regular distances, on tho edgo of tho green fibrous outline before re ferred to. Tbo outer whorl, which usually forms tho calyx, was almost nsepnlous, as a mero scarlous membrano marked the place whero the calyx segments or sepals Bhould havo appeared. It was so easy iu this speci men to traco the dividing lino botweon the outer orcalycino whorl and tho inner or corol liuo whorl, which uniting aud becoming succu lent, formed tho popular apple fruit, that it was worthy of note in this connection. Uut tho most interesting feature in this specimen was what were probably, from their similarity In appearance, cork cells, formed abundantly on tho outsido of tho apple. It would seem that with tho lack of development lu tho Innor series of whorU necessary to tho porfoct fruit, those which remained were liablo to toko on somewhat tho character of hark structure. Our American Horror of Cheapness. Thero oxists in our poor human nntnro nn absurd but almost universal tondonoy to nppcor other than whnt wo nro. Tho summer idlers nro nlroady boginning to rotttru from thoir vncntions, nnd, whon thoy nro slnppod on tho back by n friend with kind inquiries ns to their hollidaye, half of them begin to roply by nn explana tion why thoy did not go to Newport or Saratoga. Thoy may havo boon to somo pleasanter and moro rntionnl placo, but, boforo thoy will givo you its namo, thoy will explain tho circumstances which in duced thom to go thoro rather than to tho moro fashionnblo resorts. A gentleman iu tho diplomatic sorvico informs us that out of ovory dozen Americans who visited tho Legation in Paris, thrco-fourths, when asked whoro thoy woro stopping, would profneo tho informntion by giving tho rea sons why thoy woro not at tho Grand Hotel. No ouo ovor crosses tho ocean on a stenmer of a chonp lino without specify ing somo pnrticulnr nttrnotion which in duced him to mako tho choice Wo havo known mon who would novor show you a silvor watch without tolling you howmncb. thoy preferred it, nt tho samo prico, to a go'd ono. A gontlomnn who cannot afford to buy a solitniro diamond, will sny thnt a iicnrl or nn omornld is much prettier. If iio dines nt n client) honsoon Third nvenno. ho will insist tho dinner is bettor than DoJmonico's. In short, tho nvorngo American uovor will ndmit that chenpnoss has any attraction for him or costliness nny terrors. A'. 1'. Tribune. Tur phosphorosccuco of tho sen is duo to two kindred causes, ouo beinc tho liuht rnillte.l b certain living creatures which havo tho faculty of becoming luminous a faculty incidental to tho discharge of their vital functions; tho other being the light given out of tho bodies of the same creatures while undergoing tho process of decomposition. Which of those txercisesthe larger share iu illuminatiug the ocean is yet uncertain, and tho point U not, perhaps, vory that uuiouc thu former nro to bo fouml Dir.xs distinct genera, subdivided, iu tho case of in- uisoriu, into almost lutliiito species, Theso threo genera aro tho uoilenhio fuiiuti.i ami cayaneio fainilies)amoug zoophitts.certain mol- iiisi-ti aim imiisurm. ui mo acaiepui) or sea nettles, tho niammaria sclutilhius is tho most remarkable. It is. when fullv- crown, un Inr. gor tbau a pin's head, and j et it has a luster which nnkes it almost as brillimt ns the brightest star It is more especially an inbab- nam ui inn impics, mm is a great contriitutor to the glory which tho sea in thoso latitudes has ovor the waters of colder zones, StEXU AttlK Al'YIf lift! Tlinliin.An.a.1 .!,.. of coal in England is causing tho reagitation of tho question of tbo use of steam as uu auxiliary powtr in ships. A writer lu Iron sas: A ves sel tor a long voj age should, be of the following dimeusiousi-Leugth, 300 feet; breadlh, 40 fttt, depth of hold, 21 feet, with accomoda tions for passengers, ofllctrs aud crew on deck, and a pair of direct uctiug eugiurs placed in iuuoiki 'iui iue vtssei, IHIOW inn main deck, capable of working to about 150 hoise power, with boilers to maiutain a steam pres sure o' 00 pounds per square inch. The con sumntion uf enul u-nntil 1m nlmut 7? ...... .. dU.ni, and tho speed, with a folding screw-pro. l-rui-i, nuuut mi kuois iu a caim. ju a sailing vessel built from my desigu, the best day's work was from 3JJ to 3C0 miles for nine days. satis, when such r,snli4 im 1m M,tu.,.t .i if a small auxiliary power were introduced as above described, into a proper proportioned veael, it would b the most economical and tffectual carrier tor ocean naviguion NkW MKTIinn nr Pnip.Div.i S..rt c. The crude lye is evaporated in cast-in n boilers. k t a ! In bait 1. .. ..- 1 1 - . i t . . tlAltV III AAA UFA itaiititAjA.1 .-I. I. . ummoma ftuudecompofciuouof larlxm. When I ill J rtt ii ia .a -l.i it. . I. . .i i . . i. . ,.. ,.v,H, . ipalucu, me uem is raiim io rrd Uf 84. mill thrt mtaa Iuaaihj ... ..t 1 meMrou coerU then fiiteJ upon the boiler. fiv.. .uu w uMiiiuj turougu wmen en ters au iron pipe. This is plunged into tho mass, and air U fnr.l in TV.- ...,...., .u:.l Plt?nM to the surfaco aud may be col- lCt,l. XllA mnua la i.clo.1 4. ,!... . .1 -,. .io.i-u Huu, iiiut, iu nme Hi .'', ,.he "olphur is perfectly oxidized. When this is the case the blast is toppd. tbo usual. M. UtSli. 1