isSrfjsffis;D4.!&k-,i,5U in. ?)& si . n m .gbto, am tm imsiw&isbbgtiMZ?.
Hit m t ,II-?5 a Jp
$2.50 per Your, in Advance.
notici: TO MUM tlllli:UH.
The .Into n.M-alTti7"nnor llii; l,r'",f'
niimo on tlio paper l llio elielr "I '
i:.vt"ii:.i'rio. i nuiiserituion.
ft " .fcM W""W
Ynlur or our Salmon Fisheries.
A fow weeks ago, when on boarel the
r,toniner bound for San Francisco, Mop
page was inadi) at so"vvral of tliu mot
ItiilMirtmit mlninn fisheries, anil we look
on board 5,000 boxes or canned fish and
several hundred barrels of salt salmon.
At tlutt thno wo made enquiries as to
the vuluo anil iniportunco of tlio Co
Inililu river fisheries, and woro surprH
od to realize that tlio trsulo liad doub
led within u twolvoinonth, and not at
11 surprised to discover that tlio repu
tation of Columbia river salmon had
become m well established as to war
rant tlio Increase of tlio trade to that
extent. Tlio salmon catch lasts about
four month-, and closes about the tenth
of August. We were unable to com
pile any statistics relating thereto to
give satisfactory details of the opera
tioiiH, but computed tlio value of catch
as carefully as was possible, to conclude
that the salmon in cans anil barrels
leaving tlio Columbia river the present
season will bring tho owners of the
fisheries at least one mllUon dollars.
Of course tho attendant expense I
great, but much of It is for wages paid
on the nmt, and for material, lumber,
barrels, Ac., manufactured along the
Columbia river.
A correiM)iident of tho Hulletiii, who
i-eeins to be personally interested In the
business, gives interesting details,
which we are pleased to n-e, and have
no dftubt are reliably correct. They
will Mirprlso many of our reader.-, an
the extent of the Kilnion fisheries on
our great river Is not known to even
the people of Oregon. The wheat .sur
plus of lat year billed at Portland
price, with interior freight Included.dlil
not roach in value over n million and a
ipiarterof dollars, for the total surplus
has been computed at I,:iO(i,000 bushels,
or at least tho shipments reached that
amount. It seems that the Minion fish
eries have shipped fully three-fourths
that value.
' C. M.", in tho JlulMin, says:
H has boon stated to us that at one,
mill perhaps the largest of the fisheries
on the Columbia lllvor, Ilooo cases, i.:
31,000 1-llt cans anil 11,000 lMt caiin of llsh
luivo been put up the pro-cut season.
Aliout "00 bbl. and KHI kits of salted
million have been put up at the eutne
ilni'c.
The next place down the river has
done almost thesanicaninunt of business.
mid tho fishery standing next In order of
apaoitv to those nieniioiieii, nas pin no
hikI sold 22,000 caes, viz: 15,0iK of l-lli
anil 7,000 cr 2-lt cans, and, 200 bbls., tifitalt
Million. Also, here havu Occii jut iii
100 kits, of 50-lliseacli, of .saliiioii bellies.
It is estimated that another fishery,
about a large, has put up liO.OOO casen, of
4S iMUiult per case, fcoincoi me nt-iieries
pack tliesiiliuoii in barrels more than in
than In cans, ami occasionally one
dues no canning business ut all.
Such one hnput up 10,000 Imrrels.salt
ted, COO barrel-, of which go to Cierniany
for smoking poroses, r'o have cooper
ate, tierces of Sou pounds uieli are i-oine-used
instead of barrels.
At another barrel-packing fishery, aoo
barrels, of 200 pounds, have been pneked,
and at the fishery bring ?U to SS per bar
rel. Barrels of llsh from the one previ
ously mentioned iiro wortli $! on tho
whaVfhere. At a canning fishery, not
sh large as thoo mentioned, 1!,000 cases
have been put ui Tc other fisher?,
of similar capacity, have each put up
6,000 cases, of 4S pounds to tile ease.
There ntvstlllitluT fishing point on
the river half a many more, probably
but having uncertain Inclination eon
leruiiig them, we mako no estimate
about their year's work.
les of the fishery nientsoiied amount
to $.',000. Much has been sold In ICug
land, as is the care with all the fisheries.
It has been stated that the proprieter of
lite. tUherv mentioned nest in order,
would put $30,000 ill his pocket a net
profit from his season's work.
The third one the list has ool.l $150,200
worth, say IS.mtf oases at $7 per case of
sS pounds, to Cross & lilackwcl), Iiiidou;
and 4,000 caes to Allen J: Lewis, I'ort
laudjionborrels worth $18and 10)poiinils
at $f . At this fishery a can Is worth 13
to 1 1 cents.
The other tl-liernian have sold as much
SALEM,
In proportion. An indication that bust
iichs has liecn good Is that they are ijuhilji
" enlaiglng their bouiidailcs" and pre
pailng for three times as much busluss
next senson. (Hhers ore taking the hint
and new fisheries are beluv' built.
One box of tin costs about SI'J. and by
the manufacture of the cans at the !Hio
each one eostso cents. Abirrelfor sal
mon costs $1 7,"; there oic II while o:k
lioops on ear 1 1 one. A fish barrel ot
spruce with oak hoops costs nNo SI 7.";
half barrels cost $ lTi. Mvoipool .:ilt,
the only kind used, costs $:!0 per ton at
the fishcilcj.
The help employed about all these fish
eries Is either white uieli or Chinamen,
The first fishery named employs nil
while men, and savesjby theopcnitlnn. It
seems to be a general comment that Chi
namen are wastelul and must b watch
ed. White men are paid hero about ?I0
per month ami board.
The thlid fishery h!i about 1" men,
about ill) of tlfcni white men; !i" Chinee
received on an average $1 per day; 1KJ
Chinese tinners received SoO per month;
Chinamen cleaners at $J.1, and fillers at
$.10. Of the. '10 white men, 10 tinners ie
eo I veil b-Mi .VI per inotitli.iuut the other 0
$1 per day; though of thei two boilers
had$:i.r0 ami $1 All per day. Sixteen
men had eight boats and a steam tug;
they brougnt in 700 fish per day for 7."
days.
Another fishery has SO men employed,
70 of whom ale Chinese. Mill another
has " Chinese mid 10 white men. The
other llsheiles named and those not men
tioned employ Chinese labor to a greater
or less cNtcnl. I'stially Chinamen boaid
themselves, while while men are hoard
ed. The salmon do not. diminish in the i Iv
or. Thoi'.s.ind siiiiis near Knappi are
said to hac Immense qualities of spawn
on them each year.
The matket lor next year K In a nieas
ure,asiired. Older came loo plenty this
year for fulfillment, anil, In addition to
these surplus ones, still others fiom Eng
land engage the entire catch of some
fisheries.'
Tho-c acquainted with tills business
know It to lie a gloat one, mid hv menus
of thei huts nil who iiail incin nriy
have enlarged Idea of the Immense "un
developed resources" of the Slate. The
latest estimated value of the salmon can
ned and salted this year is 000,000, and
this estimated Is madu by one engaged
in the business. I-'lvo new huge caiine
1 1? will bo put up for next year, besides
the Increase of the older ones,
MHHHHMHHHHM
" Vn,i.AMi:rri: Kakmkii "--Wo am
pleased to nolo the enlargement and lin
pinvcincnl which has taken place In our
valued exchange, the WUtttiiultv Far
mer, during the past week. An unusual
ly hirgcmuoiiut of interesting and profit
hie information may be found In Hie col
umns devoted to the dairy, tho apiaiy,
liotue and farm, domestic economy and
other agricultural departments. The
young lolks Have their corner, and
throughout is scattered choice selections
of miscellaneous reading. The editorial
articles, from the pen of S. A. Clarke,
Esq., ale spicy and pungent as ever. The
uruirr lias nil uie cviueiiccsoi a neaituy
growth. We wish It abundant success,
and take pleasure In recommending It to
our renders on the farm and clscwhcre,as
an earnest, reliable agricultural Journal
and a teacner of sound morals. Oreyo
n ion,
" Wm.i.amp.ttk Kakmkii." This ex
celleiit agricultural paper comes to us to
day considerably enlaiged and improved
in every particular. It now completely
fills the wants of the farming community
and is especially adapted to agriculture
In our State. Its columns are well filled
with able articles upon various scientific
themes, ull of which are calculated to In
terest and plea'o, not only farmers, but
the thinking world In general. Wo wish
It unbounded success, mid continued
prosperity. Dully Jhcnlny A'cmv.
Astoiiia Haiiiioii. A gentleman of
wealth and standing lu Portland writes
to us to Know it it is true mat vessels
drawing twenty-four feet can come up to
the docks, be loaded to that depth, and
lie lu safety, In the harbor. V e answer
positively: ' Yes, sir, at all stages of the
tide there Is twenty-four feet and water
to spare, from Astoria harbor to the
Ocean." This is one of I he (acts that we
have been trying to Impress upon the
piddle one oi the liieonvertiilde (acts and
we are plcase-d to see that this gentlemen
has got the Idea clearly In his head. We
shall be glad to hear Iroin others concer
ning this harbor. Atluriau.
m m
Hum iii:iilv Uivi:. A largo number
of Oranges near Lawrence, Kansas, re
cently turned out toasslstu poor a ml sick
Patron lu doing uphisfurm work. Seven
teen teams were on the ground with will
ing hands to man them.
Dr. Livingstone has been seen again.
It Is said Mr. Sterne, an English traveler
parted with him In Central Africa July
1st. He was in good health.
OREGON, SKL'TEMlStilt
CarPvESpOHDEflCE.
Command and liallna) t'oriioratiuns.
IV.Ilor Vi'lllcnetlr I'.irn.et
There is no class of people in a stale
or nation so great in numbers ii' that
of the tiller- of the soil, nor so neci'.-sa-ly
to the piosperily and even exisleni'o
of every oilier ila-s of pooplo and the
healthful development of every mate
rial Interest. And yet It U not saying
too much to nfilrni that mi class of per
sons litis been mi thoroughly overlooked
in legislation. Special laws have been
mado having for their object the pro
motion of the Interests of Inveiiloi
nrlisfs, authors, fishermen, and of men law-making power r other States will
engaged lu almost overyWl, ;r!::;,l1!,i;!:!:i':I,1 VaKjS,S
coniinorcoiind manufactures. Hut the , tl(, mutual rights ami Interests of till
farmer has I'l'cn porsl-teiitly overlook-1 panics may eleiiiaiid. This remedy
od, and tlio great staples his toil has W' '" N"m' "''"t ,,,' t,nm ln
I, ro, I, .,.,! linv,, iw.vnr i, i.il (!,..( , ,,,(' tfOVOnilllOllt COIIstrilCl lllg HOW HllOS
prodmed h nonocr le-ceivod that pi. i- f ..,,.,. 011 r In buying nnd run
toctioii and encouragement given to ulntr old ones along the principal mute
tho products eif almost e've-ry other to the seaboard. There are evi'ii now
branch of Industry, lu short, Aineri- i"d wanting IndicntloiiH that the gov
can husbandry has grown to Its ,.r,,ont fi V$X!$"M?S
vast proporllons lu the cold shadow or)c,yri.ss tll provide for the purchase
governiuontal neglect. It has done ,or eoiistruclloii of lini's of road sulll
thls, too, although the encouragement '''," to anoiuinodale the pioduceis etf
given to other branches of l.ulii-lryllfc'S
has been at tin expense! of tho farmer,
who, as consumer of the articles espe
cially protected, palel tho duties levie'd
for tho purpoo. All this has happened
although tin essential character of ag
riculture as a most useful art has con
stantly he'on pre'sslng itself upon tlio
,,f tit, it ii,,, ,,r ti,.. i... .........tit. .....i i
. V. i. '"""'""-".
MfltU'IlllljlllllIlltr tin, l..t-f iitld.l ..I' fit..
- " .''.
i world have boon mid aro oven now li
boring to advance the Interests of ugri
e allure, beiauso it i the- miuioo from
, which comes, the nntltrhil of all com
nieree and manufactures. That this l
strictly true will at once bo seen by any
one who olworve's that It is (lie Iiii.
uessot operative Industry to pioduee,
'transform, and distribute nil such ma-
terlalsnsare e'ssiiniial hiMiioilvilw. in,,
cessItiesofni.il., and that these mato-
,,.. , . . , , I.I.,
rial objects aro produced mainly by the
husbaiidniiin, and In a los Impoitant
sense by the iHioruum and miner.
I Still, In the face of all llieso facts, ng-
,, ,,' . i i. i i i.i .
.rlctiltiiro as a biishiesi has hitherto
, failed to Hccuro that sort of protection
nnel encourageiiii'iit which the other
groat departments of Industry and en-
terprlso havo lecolvod at its hands.
Many of tlio great railroad corporations
have received vast donations of laud,
which, being tl.iissegre-K.ite.il from the r'V.V"' l,1,1K",',,1 "ms-ol tho pe-oplo
...i ii.. i ...i.. ,i e ,, i that the canal and locks at Oiogon City
ptiblle domain, tho fanner could iiRur- ttlllt , . ,,un.llase.d by the?siate ,tt
ward get only by paying a hundred per, tho earliest day posslhfe. That the
cent, on Its former price. Even thou , writer Is correct in this opinion will ut
these railroad monopolies, by coniblna- ""'," "l'l"-',,r ,0 ?'& "I!"1 .V'11" w,.n
.. , . .i i r ,i 'seek mi answer to the iiueslloii as to
tlons to possess thomsolw, of tho car- .,.... ....,., ,. ,,.., ,... .... r .
i rylng trade, wero enables! to oppress
the tillers of the soil to mi extent that
rendered their situation little superior
to that of serfdom In Hiissla, as It ex
isted theie until almlislied witliiuafew
years.
Hut it could not be expected that
this neglect on tho part of tho govern
ment and this oppression by railroad
monopolies would always bo Isirno
without a spirit of solf-ii'sortion sooner
or later manifesting it-elf among tho
farmers In a maimer that would plainly
Indicate an invincible iletrimluatlou
in niiiilv a remedy. Tho beneficial of-'
fucts of this spirit of self-assertion and ,
- i
of u determination to maintain their p-issml through Lewlston, en route to
right to bo protected against the terrl-'t'iinias I'mlrle, with llfitcn hundred
bio oppressions to which railroad mo- ilmul of fine sheep. They e-ame fiom
nopoiles havo subjected them, Is nl-i Douglas county, Oiogon.
reaily seen in Hie action of tlio iKilltical a Company N about to be orgauled
I'onventlons of several States, hitherto 1 1 dils cliy, with a ennltnl slock ot Jli'i,.
controlled by men who inako politics a (kki fur Hie purposo of bringing tho water
tradoand who regard ntiithejr private of Voting's river falls into this city for
nor public virtue as a qualification for elomestie and fire purosi's. Twelve
olllclal .stations. Tho speeches made In miles of pipe will he laid, and two mas
these repM'seiitntlvo bodies ami tho slve ii-servolrs erectetl. Antorlaii.
i.latfornis they huvo put foith are great H(lladay bun contracted with ll.e
Improveiiieiits uisin tho old polltlca .,Mr,y who const metes! a model and sii
utterances as wo havo been accustomed .ri,,u-ii.lei the building of the beautiful
to hear theiii full from the llosor pro-' 'miut Escort, to furnish him a model
fessioual politicians, who, until the far- i0f that vessel that hu may havu onu her
mors, icciiug nun mo oppression oi
ruiiroun monopolies couin no uuigur no
endured, Inaugurated n combined
J'..
r .'
27, 187;.
movement whieh will oon dovelopo III
our li'gMutlvo assemblies a eoiuplelo
remedy for the wrongs of which thev
have so long and s! iislv e-oiiipbtiiioil.
TodUiovor ind apply this remedy will
bo the' Work of lime, and doubtless
mistakes will be made, but thei will
be corroclesl by kuowle'dgo derived
from experience. The late law of Illi
nois le-gulatiog the rate's of tran ptula
lion Is probably a failure In (his re
spect, althotigli it was framed in the
Interest of the faimei-s; and rallioad
men point to it as n signal proof that alt
legislation on tho subject must neie's
seilly fail of its object. Hut it might
as well be .slid that the chiugus for fer
riages cannot be legulateil by any other
I power slum (hat which inns the ferry.
'Theliiw'nf Illinois will be modllleel by
' ilui .iiii,..iLiii.i .tf itviuixLtii.iit tiinl llin
ill" riiuiMiiiMi in rAinnimr, hum i-
Washington City. Is generally regard-
ed as rolled lug with eoiisldorable ex
aetness tho policy os the' geiioral gov
oiiiuient. In a late number it expresses
urn in sympathy for tho funnels hi
ilie'lr pie'senl sliugglo for elolivoranco
fiom railroad oppression hi the form of
exorbitant freight charges. And while
! it predicts a failure of all pro-ont luetic
' . .1 . r it . . , , ....... ..... 1 ,
mis in -iirgiiiiireii wuriaro oi agi iciii-
,ni interests ugaiiist ralhvay
.. . i . . " . ..
iiiuMiuai in uie romovai oi un
evils
complained oi, it suggests that the only
remedy that will move citiid to the ro
iiini .1 of the e ii is llio niii-h .
i-oiisinictioti by the Ooverninonl of
lines of road siillicioiil lo acioiumoiliite
the tillers of the soil. This may prob
ably bo re'garih'd as significant of what
is being gravely considered at Wash
ington us the great necossitj of the
nines.
J This, article has grown under tin
hands of tho writer beyond what he
j ''."Iw'i '' y In- wmM, I'-jfore
Incliuling, suggest that had the Sac
,lf Oregon piircha-ed Hie e-anal ami
.locks at Oregon City last iiiitiini.: win u
! 'ho oiler ol snip was made, it would not
"!m j'e possible for the. ()u'gouiind'.i.
lloriiln Hallro.ul ( oinpany to bocomo
l0 ,ll0,,rlelor.s, nnd (bus havo the
power to mako such charge's lor trims-
pnrlulion tlial tho farmer, Instead of
'' '''" niinra niisiiei lor us wneai,
".!"'
not realle moro than sixty
If this natont fact be ilulv eon.
shicrcd, It will Inevitably lead every
' thinking man who has at heart the in-
tanners of the Willamette valley and
Douglas county, If Hen llolladaynow
had control of the canal in question. .1.
A tauueiy near Salem was bin tied
down last Sunday morning. The origin
of tin fire Is supposed to luiM' been Incen
diary. Itelug within one mile of town
the Salem Eire Department anlved en.
the ground In time- to iciidervaliiabluahl
In saving other pioporl). The tauneiy
belonged to Mr. Chuk.
Lafayette and vlclnty woreym Tuesday
night of last week, vlslied by a little more
frost than many classes of vegeiatlou
could bear. Potato tops, tomato tops,
and several otlur tops howe-d In dutiful
obedience lo the exacting visitor.
Monday of last week, three gentlemen
uxiut couiiteipartcoiistruuleeiiopi
i ply upon
e rlver.-
the roiumiila ami wnuimeue
' J'luliukuhr.
3?....., t. "0 is'
. , vr ,.&s
N
EVS rEoS.
Ue'efs'ntlle aieiiow selllngat four cents
a iouud, on fool, In Eastern Oregon.
Mr. O. S. Savage left upon (he Moun
taineer's table a few specimens of his
large free stone peach etno of which
mcasuied 10) inches lu elieiimfereiu'eaud
'.'Jounces, 'they wcte laised in his gar
den In the Dalles.
'I be cats now come Into the Dalles fiom
Celllo loaded w ith giiilu. 'I he Company
Ikih put otiecMia boat on the tipper river
In outer to bring down the wheal befote
the close oi navigation.
The average yield of wheat In Hellion
County this Tear us tarnished by Mr. T.
(I. Mull.ey will be about twenty-live
bushels to the acre.
The Democrat says: On last Thursday,
on Clink's clock, n man by the naiueof
Jaiiies Tollman committed sttleldo by
shouting liluisclfthioiigh the head wits
uyaeorijiin.
Piesly Hall, who was si'lilrneed to tb
IVnllentliiiy fora teim often yenri, f-JT
mauslaughter, in HiO, from Vanihlll
County, has hecli paidoiusl by (he tliif
criior. Hall has lelutneil to his former
home in Chehalem Valley.
The Hemlock tauneiy oft'pper Astoria
shipped iiluiiil $MH) woith of leather up
the volIi-A at one time, last We diiesday.
Wheal Is coining Into I tola lu very
large quantities. 'I he waiehoiises are
full and the grain Is st.icKcd on, the bank
of the rlvur. Neailyan acie of ground Is
covered with wheal stacked up In sack',
with no shelter over It.
A few days ago, as a man named llufi
inaii was 'oiling a Ihieshlug machine
near Dlsle, lu I'olk couuly, his hand
was caught In some of the inaelilnery,
and tho thiid finger of lib riiiht bund
was taken entliely oil'. Tlio second lin
ger was thtow ii out of Joint, and Ihellesh
all torn oil'. It will piobahly be saved.
'Ihe Slatcsiiiaii loams from a geiille
ioi ti lii-i ii ii I vi d fro ii ions Hay that
Mr l.tlHe, who had his hulllller ilisloea
ted hi Salem u fer davs mho, has met
with uiinthcr accident, hy which his arm
was blokell in two places.
'Ihe Eagle Woolen Mill-, at lhowus
vllle, ate turning out a first class quality
of goods. Liol mouth thev turned out
some l;i,0iK) woith, and as tuoilcinatid In-eiease-s
the mills will lueirasc tlieipian
tlt.v. The blankets, cassln teres, cloths,
cli'., maiiufaetuied at these mills node
with the best on the co.i-l.
Twenty acres of wheal out and six bun
.bushels (hrcsiiid. In six Iioiich, lueluilliig
stops, wiih a ll! foot header and a Pitt's
II Inch cylinder scpeiateir. 'I ho work
was done at Mr. II. C, l.ooncy's, near
Shedds Station, on the O. c C. It. It., Ill
I, Inn County, by the llaleiuaiiThieshliig
Company.
Tho I'laliulealer bus been shown four
veiy line llecce'H of wool, two eif which
we'ie from yeai Hugs, and weighed respec
tively Hand II) pounds; one fioni u l wo
year old, weighing ll.J, and the last fiom
a four year old, Isj pounds. Tlu-y wer
from Spanish .Merino Sheep, Imported
Into Douglas county a short time
ago by Col. I'eterSaxe.
Tho body of Helen Dually, who was
drowned sometime in May last, was
found on the banksof thcNoith I'mpqua
near the residence of James Nixon, last
Sunday. The verdict of the Coiouer'H
Jury was tendered lu accordance with
the facts of the ease.
The wuicliousnmon of Corvallis aro
crowded fiom early morn until louguftiT
ulghtlall. The wheat now comln In is
of the Very best quality.
Hubert S. Wellmiiu sold hlsoiiD-fouith
llltilest In the Wagner Creek Mine, to E.
K. Anderson and A. J. Hockfelluw for
the loiiud sum of$.',r)OI.
Harvesting on the Vaqtilua Hay Is
over, and, with the exception of the po
tato rot, the etops have been large. lo
tat'ifs, c.Nceiit the em Her varieties, urn
almosi a lailtire.
Dallas Is Improving and property has
mi upward tendency. The vaeunt
buildings aru all fast filling up, and front
pn sent Indication the academy will hi
lilled to Its utmost capacity.
There are quite a number of miner;
proapuilug for quart, on Wagner oreek,
Jackson county, with fair success. The
couiitiy theie ahotitH promises to bo the
mining section of thu Statu.
f-'everal thousand bushels ofllax seed
have been laised In Itciituu county this
season, the yield being enormous. J.
llolgate, of Alsea Valley, had a field
Unit produce d over thirty bushels to thu
aere.
Hlch quart, veins aru believed to have
been lately dlscovrrcil near tho head of
Hood's Canal, on 1'iigot Sound.
Nullum . Iviiniupr 32