Willamette farmer., August 30, 1873, Page 2, Image 2

dVWXSH I.LU
vnLMjm&mtmrxw WTwyurOTAyw
Q
lorrrsponbrncr.
Ttic Harml Ycltnir Jackets, lr.
KiHli.rWllliMi-tlKrmi.rr
Seated beneath tho cool shado of
nn old apple tree tills wnrin afternoon
wo will attempt to write, thinking
that at this busy time anything new
will 1)0 of Interest to your rentiers.
TIio runners are rushing things at
a lively rate In the way of harvest
ing. .Most of them uo headers
very few reap mill stack and the
grain N, In soino eases In the flour
ing mill In two hours after being
threshed. There Is u vast difference
between now and oven flvo years
since In the way of saving labor, and
the header certainly lessens the la
bor more than almost any Invention
yet brought Inlo use. The grain
yield Is good, in most eases going
beyond expectation, idtliough it does
not meet the llguros of some. We
hoar of u Mr. Kurnest, of .Spring
Valley, who threshed nine hundred
bushels from thirty acres, and It wnaj
supposed that at least two bundled
had waited, as It was dead ripe, and
coniqtiontly much fell to the ground
In the process of saving.
The probabilities are that the har
vest will not last mom than two
weeks longer, as the number of ma-
uliliifin fir iiti'iii ilk: Mint nf iiiiv fur. I
iner year- and tills will give the
farmers more time to plan early to
put in fall grain. It is a demonstrat
ed fact that one acre of fall-sown
grain Is worth (In many instances)
three of spring-sown. We are sure
It would be far better for the farmers
If they would put In one third the
number ofacresand have the ground
in good condition and sown in .Sen-1
tember, than It Is under the present
style of management.
Although perhaps digressing from
my subject, I would not forget to
my a few wordsubout yellow Jackets.
Theio are more or less each year, but
they were never known to exist in
such numbers as this sc.mhi their
name U legion. Dill'creiit modes of
exterminating them are resorted to,
but as yet all hae prosed lucffectii
al; their uestsaie built water-proof,
also deep In the ground, mi that It is
almost iinm-.-llU to leach them
with scalding water. Tho most ef
fectual method m'ciiis to be to have
at baud Mime straw or othcrilry ma
terial with which to cover the en
trance after Mlliset or veryoaily in
tin nmiiiieg then lv iiumiw of a
long pf dig Into tin- i.-viiy in the
crolllid leading to Ilielr not by mi
ilnlii!' Ilie murcr of the Inmates is I
aroiiseil then set lire to yourr.tr.iw,
which will destroy many ; tail re
member, (i tin man. that for every
olio von kill, leu will come to the
funeral. It Nan utter impoihility
to dry fiuit in the open air, on ac
count of llu-e peMs many have
trb d, but all have bad to give it up,
as um'Ic-s to try to do anything in
that line unb'hs'piepaied w ith a good
dry bou-e, ami comparatively few
have those ery neu"ary convenience-,
ton-iqiienlly there will be
but Utile fruit dried, oral least early
in the MNi-ou. "Some thought to ob
viate the dillkulty by covering the
fruit with thin material, lait when
they Inn i id that they could eat both
doth and fruit, they gave up that
they bad no idea yellow JueUels could
master them in that way ; but as for
them they would take it without be
ing pared, as they bail prepared tho I
iasi lot ot plum-, for yellow Jackets!
tliey expected to. in ino oieiiaros
miller the trees may be seen nothing
save tltt cote and rind or skin re
maining, the pulp being entirely
eaten out, leaving the apple nothing
hut n curiosity. o. i l.
Near j Salem, Aug. i:l, IsT.i. .
t'tirrt'-pniiilt'iirr from Ohio.
IMItur l aUimllr I'nim.r
lleluga light-handed man, but for
over eleven weeks unable to use my
right paw, the gate to correspond
ence was1, as you may well suppose,
entirely closed. The summer Is past,
the harvest ended, but, oh! ye hea
then god, what shall I s;y about
grasshopper-? Where grass, grain,
Max, com, or in fact anything digest
ible existed, they did much more
exist, ItiMiinuili that overyUnly be
held with horror and dismay the
nnuzlug voracity witli which they
let themselves graze. Convince me
or tho fact that after class- number
three, which Is now playing their
deal, hath been laid low, we may
entertain u lively dread of the same
or a similar curse next year, I will
labor to convince you of the feasibil
ity of importing n sqund of Digger
Indians in each Infested locality, to
change their component elements
beyond any reasonable hope of a res
urrection, 1. c, the grasshoppers.
Harvest, with us, opened with
rain, and, during the entire season
for cutting clover and wheat, the
heavens wept, apparently over the
folly of trying to make good liny in
suuii weather. After tho hardy sous
of toil had struggled through a cam
paign which afforded but little hay
suitable to feed the preacher's hor.sC,
and scarcely any wheat but what, as
the good housewives .ay, will make
runny Hour or dough, (i.e., of what
tlio graushoppers left,) a .drought
wheeled Into the inarch of time, and
here we are, ."alills and sinners,
praying for rain, whilst the ther
mometer pushes up to highlatltude
every day. To say the least, the
season" has been forbiddingly sharp
set against the Interests of farmers
in this .State, and notices of public
sales will soon begin to appear at ev
ery cross-roads, and if Jones A Pat
terson will send their real-estate cir
cular to your humble wrvanl, they
may bear of something to their ad
vantage, for I am going to change
localities, and so are a great many
nt herd. Now, Mr. Kdltor, If you
will give a short summary of the
weather prevailing in your filate
each month, I will send you our
weather list from the Huckeyo State.
Let us contrast hereafter.
I bad almost forgotten to mention
the Inroads made upon that most es
timable tuber, the Irish potato
originally from America. And wUIle
I say Inroads, I might as well for
sooth say out roads too, for the Colo
rado beetles lirst, but soon reinforced
by the old striped original "eu-s,"
swooped down upon the patch, and
away went the leaves in a Jllfy; wil
low trees, and many iiueluoiis plant ,
such as loinatoc and parsnips, were
stripped of all foliage. Such feelings
of philanthrophy has the last season
produced in my heart In -eolng poor
devils struggle against destiny, that
If I were to make a dozen spheres
bigger than ours, I would not Intro
duce any of these iii-ectivotous
euises without a desire expressed
tliioiigh a two-thirds vote of all enti
tled to the elective fr.uichi-e, and If
they would express such a desire,
then 1 would kiv m mote it be.
Tell Ceo. Iloimau to hang lire a
little in issuing his work on llav, ami
it pos-il'l.' 1 will show In a marginal
noie on liiinnii jlns and mituta,-,
thereby not spoiling the body of the
work. John W.vu:u, .In.
I.eoU.lidsburg, Ohio.
Letter from l.nno ('nuntj.
I..!ii. r VMIIum iti 1'iiiii.r.
Your many able correspondents
have informed us how to defeat the
designs of Miuiiess- corp'irutlon", and
how to keep the greedy middlemen
fiom extorting the bard-earned prof
its from tlit needy ami honest farm
er. I hey have told us how to or
ganize limy parties to defeat the
designs of the demagogue and
tricky politician low to organize
granges, farmers' clubs, how to build
warehouses, how to rai-e wheat,
pigs, and potatoes, and, It would
seem, pretty much all we need to
know to be wise and virtuous, and
of course happy. Mut 1 am unhappy,
Indeed most miserable'
Theio is an infernal bug, half or
three fourths of an Inch long and a
quarter wide, about the color of the
dry soil, ami he Is here by the thou
sand, and is sucking the life out of
my squash vines. When you stir up
a herd of these beasts and mash a
few of them, their odor Is as often---Ive
as the skunk or chintz-bug. In
their day and age they refuse to fol
low the laws by which most other
bugs and insects are governed. They
1 will lie under logs or nicks all win
ter, and loino out In the spring with
a ravenous appetite. They luxuriate
on the pumpkin vine, and take the
; wild-gourd nri'Vi'MMi vine as a dain
ty morsel. They work on the vine
by sucking the julcei out of it, caus
ing It to die and dry up Immediately.
The "cussed" cabbage-lice are on
I my Incipient krout, uud bid fair to
leave me nothing but dry stalk in a
WILLAMETTE FABMEE.
few days-. Xow what Is the name of
tbe-o bugs'.' where do they come
from? and what, short of taking
them one by one and beating their
brains out, will destroy them? Then
'again what vile wretch puts tho lico
on cabbage? and what, short of pull
ing them up iind throwing them to
the hogs, will destroy these miser
able parasites?
Now, Mr. Kditor, you nro supposed
1 to know all about farming, and bugs,
and lice, and such other villainous
I brutes as jnar tho happiness of tho
husbandman, and n remedy for these
evils, either by yourself or any of
i your correspondents, would be very
thankfully read by Mynheer, who iti
fond of his krout, or Jonathan, who
is equally fond of his pumpkin pie.
.1. vv,
Origin of Fertile Moll.
All the material on which agricul
ture depends that N, the fertile
earth is nothing but pulverized and
'disintegrated rock. Oology proves
that there was a time that the surface
of the earth was nothing but rocks
and lavas; then came ralr.i penetra
ting In crevices, water running
along and wearing away channels;
frosts in succession to baking sun
shine; bottoms of lakes and oceans
receiving deposits, all this tended to
disintegrate the rocks on lite surface;
but more than all this was accom
plished by glacier.?. Some 20(1,000
years ago the earth was covered
with Ice, several thousand feet
thick; and this ice, moving from
north to south by the attraction of
tho tropical warmth or pressing
weight oftlie snow and Ice behind,
ground the rocks nvur which It pass
ed, Into the paste which we call soil.
These masses of lee can be tracked
as game Is tracked by the hunter.
Prof. Agassi, lias made a study of
them In this country as far as Ala
buna, but has observed the sanio
phenomenon In Kurope, particularly
m Italy, where, among tho Alps,
glaciers are now in progress. Tho
stones and rocks, ground and polish
ed by the glaciers, can eally be dis
tinguished from tlioso worn by wa
ter. The angular boulders, found in
meadows and tho terraces of rivers
not readied by water, can bo ac
counted for only tliis way. The
rasping action of these gliders has
formed Immense amounts of materi
al, which by ice and water lias often
been carried to great distances. Ice,
all over the woihl, is the agent that
has giound out more soil for the far
mers than all other agencies put to
gether. Xlnni'fitrllh-ii' ttinl lUlihltT.
W.vrmtiMi lloi h: Plants. Tin
Ungll-h Ctrtlcii I inclined to dis
pule tlit rule that water "should be
given In moderately small quantities,
and supplied frequently." If the
causes of failure vvheu plants are
cultivated in windows were min
utely investigated, the dribbling
system of watering would be found
to be the principal cause. A plant ,
ought not to be watered until it Is
in a lit condition to receive a libera)
supply ot that element, having pre
viously secured a good drainage, in
order that all superabundant water
may lie quickly carried oil'. Those
who are constantly dribbling a mod
erately small quantity of water upon
their plants will not have them In
a nourishing condition forany length
of time. This must be obvious to
all, for it is quite evident that the
moderately small quantity of water
frequently giveh would keep the
surface of the soil moist, w Idle at the
same time, from the ollVct- of good
drainage, which Is essential to the
well being of all plants In artificial
state, all the lower roots would per
ish for want of water, and the plant
would become lckly and eventually
die.
Mr. Samphire, of Atoria, iniore
fatnillarlv known as (JniudnuO piss,
ed her 87th birth day iast Saturday.
The ladles of Astoria celebrated the
event by a donation party at her
house.
Mrs. Wilson, wife of the late lion.
J. U. Wilson, has accepted a position
as one of the teachers in the Dalles
public school.
The house of Mr. 1 X. Wood
worth, of Howell Prairie, was en
tered by burglars last Thursday
night, who tivok'a silver watch worth
40.
Imnilsrutlun of Agricultural Laborers.
,, , - , be erailicaien. w .iieiu.ircimy Wlllto
Tho Country Geitllcnannysn great L,)ot., rubon some ot the fullowin"
demonstration of agricultural labor-1 olmment : Mercury, four ounces!
ers was held in July, at Xewbury, a Venice turpentine, three ounces;
i i...n in it(.r!-s FiiL'land. at "pr ts of turpentine, .me ice. Let
market town In lorks, I kin .mi t t ,,,. wrkll,, .,., thorough ly
which Mr. Joseph Arch, tho leader nj.i(J gcllier, t lieu add about Tone
in the present organized movement , ouc-'piurlcr p mud:, of lard melt
among Kngll-h farm laborers to sc- ed over a slow lire, stirring while
cure better wages, and president of, n.elllng. S hen ta .enolUontinuoto
tun in...-. "" ' .,.! ir till cold, si:i to mix the nierctt-
their Union, delivered an eloquent fV .
nmi itnenreilc address. Mr. Arch Is
a man of great force of character, who !
has made his way from a nuuinio (
origin nnd against great obstacles, to M. Jules Marcou communicates
a position of extraordinary Influence 'some interesting geological notes to
among tho class he represents. It ' tho Trench Cleologlcal Society, gath
willboseen from tho following ex-j ered from various eminent sources,
tract, that he Is coming to tho United iwlillo preparing a now geological
States during the present mouth, ' map of tho globe, recently forwarded
with the view of investigating' the to tho Vienna Imposition. In Spitz
opportunities offered here foragriciil-' bergon, M. XordenskJold hns found
tural laborers from Kngland ; (Independent of the crystalline rocks)
and If be makes up his mind pahcozoic, carboniferous, trassiu nnd
to advocate their emigration lilth- tertiary formations. An important
or, and to uso tho powerful ma- fact, from its bearing on the history
chlneryof tiio Union in promoting' of tlio earth, is tho discovery or tor
It, there is no doubt that ho mlglit restrlal tlor.i dating from the tertiary
secure tlio transferor such enormous tnlocene epoch, which show that the
numbersastopruduceascnslbleeiroct ' entire nrctic polar region must have
both in tlio country they leave and 'been covered with vast forests simi
iu that to which they come: , lar to those which now exist In the
' Tho great tide of emigration was northern hemisphere as far north as
rolling on, and during tho past year (,0 i,oniers of the tropic of Cancer.
the exodus W'YiTVwlImMi m, I" Norway, peat deposits have boon
ous. mid ho would te I them that II his , , ., , Ti . ..
life was spared until August ho found in Andao Island, one of the
should visit tlio States of America. ,Loffoden group, which, like similar
If lio found there a homo for tlio ag- beds In Yorkshire, England, nro or
ricultur.il laborers of ,1JKll'lld1,l'u Jurassic epoch. Tlio existence, in
SSFmrSJi'TO -'. ' e-'ormoui, trlasslc'fo,
wiio wanted both sides of the bur-, 'nation hns boon determined; this
gain, nud that tho crows wcro as had, heretofore, by Sir Itoderlck
black there as here, he should advise Murchison and others, been nttrihu
Krl I' astern. In Sy-
working man, where the son or the'rlaand Kgypt, continuous and ex
poor man could sit down by the chil- tensive deposits of red sandstone In
dron or the rich, write on tho same I ,., tIl0 h()inoK01u,otH imtiiro of
slate, and read out or tlio same isiolc, .. ,.,...... . M, ,. . .-.i,.., n .,
and where they could have mil dec- l,' tocksor Aslnand Alrlca. On the
tonil power, ho would stand on her other hand, the most recent gcolog
siiores until he had drained the labor- leal studies, made in Xevv Zealand,
log sorfs out of Inland, in order Australia, and some or tlio Pacific Is
that they might settle in the fruitful . .,.,,. '..,. f,lf n,u,mu.r i
Held of America, with Its nine bun-, " ' .I'10 that Madagascar, In
drcd millions of acres yet untlllcd ; spito ot Its proximity to the African
ii. i iw. u.tiii.i ii.i n, u until iii,. nirm. continent, umicurs to belnnir to a to-
ers or Kngland were made to bite the
dust, IT they refused to treat their
laborers like men. I lo hoped that
before this tlmo twelvemonths to
make the farmers of this country
know the worth of u man. Although
ho was of humble birth, alid bad only
been an agricultural laborer himself,
he had Kugllsh blotid, and an Kug
llsh heart and human feelings; and
he would not see six hundred thou
sand tiller of the soil In a state of Nes, as very imperfect and notjusti
lavery, and mocked by being told lied except in a portion of tho north
thev werofiee. Ho would traverse ern temperato zone. In the West
America from one end to the other
If he lo.t his hie In ii.vingl.i raNe the
Kugllsh laborer, and would die glad
ly if lie could but bring him Into a
state of freedom."
hrali hi Sluri.
,. ,, , , , , , ,, ,
Mr. Henry Woods.sleward and thief
manager of the late Lord Walslng-
bain, owner of one of tho ar-'ost and
choicest Southdown tlocks lu Kng
land, rcroiiunend.s for sheep suffering
with the scab, soft-soap, ono and a
quarter pounds; shag tobacco, one
pound; spirits of turpentine, ono pint:
spirits or tar, one-half pint ; white
arsenic, threo' ounces. This to be
safe and effectual must be boiled so
as thoroughly to dissolve the arsenic,
and that be regards as an important
point. Hotter put tho tobacco when
boiled Into a flannel lug, and squeeze
it siilucicutly to got out all the
strength, lu order to get the full ben
wilt of It. Then add water enough to
make four quarts of the wash for each
sheep.
It Is not a dip, but a wash, and to
put It on, an old tea-pot or a spouted
tin should Doused. The way to make
It most effectual is to open the wool
by making tlireo marks on each side
of the sheep, also ono down the
shoulder, one on each side of the
neck, one down .the breast, uud one
down each thigh, and into (lie marks
pour the liquid, lu this as in many
other things, If it is worth doliigat
all it is worth doing well, and -
don't be lu a hurry aUiut it.
Do the work well. Huh the liquid
well into the kin. After passing it
along the grooves work it well In
with the hand, lie In no hurry about
it as if you wanted to get over it as
quicKiy as possible. Tlio liquid will
work a cure. There may lo some! shelter and greater variety of food
smts when the liquid has not pene-1 would save them. And so on. I
rated. will speak of these matters next
l.Miniine the sheep every two or 'month more fully.
! threo days for three weeks, by which
I time tlio dl.-eao may be expected to
Kccfiil Geological In. estimations.
billy distinct lorinat on which closely
resembles that ot Xow calami nnd
Uesteru Australia. In South Amer-
lea. M M. Musters and Pourtales have
found n group of extinct volcanoes
between tlio (iallegos river, Cape
Virgin and tlio eastern entrance or
the Straits or Magellan.
M. Marcou considers tho classifica
tion of stratified rocks, as generally
lamiiown in mouern geological treat-
Indie" ati'l California, and on the
Mi url rivi r, best itt- that thodiill
cultles of classification augment In
proportion as new discoveries are
made. In the llr&t mentioned part
of tho globe, for example, Dr. Waa
gen has fxtmil, in beds of limestone a
loot and a half thick, forms of fossils
wnicn are generally tiistriiiutcU in
very different deposits, and which
aro suppo-ed to belong toearbonlfe-
lul s.irias.sicanu jurassierocKS. Tliesi
evidences are not accidental, but are
multiplied in Nebraska, Illinois, Cal
ifornia, Australia, and oven in New
Zealand. Sekiitijie Amaiaui.
Snluc lliccdliis.
Prof. (!. W. Jones, in tlio Farmer'
Hume Jiitirim' says: For health or
swine, I have counted tho following
conilitions essential:
.Aiuiminm, muriiious ami varied
food at regular intervals.
Comfortable shelter from mins. hot
suns and cold winds.
Puro water and pure nir.
Access to fresh earth.
Kxordse and sunshine.
Which of these conditions is most
important, 1 do not know, but 1 am
sure that tallure In any ono of them
Will U-nrt- KlUl.llllir I Imt'o inonir
carefully attended to them all, and
so far havo no sickness, no sows to
furrowing, no sows to eat their
"U"K' "" ""'ueii own ioo jo uis.
no barrenness; but as I look about
among my neighbors, 1 sco frequent
failures. One gentlemen has recent
ly lo-t forty-tlvo out of forty-eight
pig, motly at threo to flvo weeks
old. I pou examination, 1 found
they were eontlncd in small floored
pens, with no access to tlio ground;
other pigs near by which ran out, but
reieived tho same treatment other
wise, wero doing well. 1 believe
fresh earth would have helped them.
Another gentleman lias his pips stin
ted ; they are in a small lot, with in
siitllclent shelter and arc fed mainly
on corn meal. A large range, better