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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (July 5, 1873)
"WILLAMETTE FAEMEE. 4 . mmsm vimvm wm Salem, Satnrday, July 5. Shipping Grain to Liverpool. Wo nro pleased to bo able to state that thoro la a prospect now tlmt tho farmers of Oregon will luivo an abundanco of shipping to wirry off (holr surplus wheat direct to Liverpool, and on terms that appear to bo liberal.' E. E. Morgan's Bonn, of New York and San Francisco, have appointed Mr. H. I). Sanborn, of 1'ortland, their ngonls for Oregon, and through bltn propose to furnish vessels and ship wheat, and other produco that may bo offered. Mr. Sanborn was In Salem a few days sinco,on purpose to confer with somo of the loading farmers In this vicin ity, and from him wo learn tho plan of oporatlons of tho shipping Arm Which ho represents. Tho plan Is ns follows: They nialco advances on the wheat shipped to within .'10 percent., charge interest on the heme at tho rate of flvo per cent, per annum, and Kelt tho train when directed by tho owner. Tho farmer to put his undo on I ho vessel at any point, at his own expense, to have absolute control of tho same until it Is disposed of; and samples If wished will bo forwarded to tho exchange in their own name that Is, Iflwonty farmers load a ves sel, n diagram of the vessel's load will bo forwarded with tho wheat If a certain farmer's wheat Is cleaner and better grain than any of tho others who ship, ho can secure tho premium on It and get tho credit, as his sacks will bo marked (If he wish es) in Ids own name. Another ad vantage is, that as soon as tho wheat Is on board of a vessel, it will bo In sured at its full value, and if lost the owner will receive his pay for tho samo, whllo if in (ho warehouse ho would have to ho paying storage without having theVovcnty percent, of its value to use. Hy shipping In this manner, the wheat of Oregon will go into the maiket as Oregon wheat, and not as " California -club," as has been re peatedlydoue, this Statu being mere ly used to enhance the fame of Call fornia. Wo will then begin to reap tho beuellt of our Miporior wheat, which 1 . acknowledged to be second to none In the world. Wo heard a gentleman ay, who shipped tho tlrst cargo fiom Oregon, that when It was received in Llvorool, the kernel of the wheat was m large that thodoal en supposed at tlrst It must bo damp, and consequently damaged. They had never before seen Mich wheat. Our fanners will then obtain the money for their products, besides having direct Intercourse with tho mercantile world. It Is tho Intention of K. K. Mor gan's Sons to transport all kinds of produce that we may wMi to ship, uch as salmon, lumber, vo. In re turn they will bring back tin cut to tin. exact hle for making tho cans for the fisheries, without the great wastage now endured by the propri etors of thU grow ing enterprise. Wo merely call theatteutlon of the farmers to this proposition, which If carried out, will redound greatly to their advantage, and we would sug gest that they correspond with or In terview the agent of this line so that they may thoroughly understand the nature of his promsna This com pany does a large business in Now York and San Francisco, and wo are told Is entirely resjHisihlu In all It undertakes. In addition to the favorable oppor tunity offered by the tlrin almve al luded to, we learn that Messrs-, lild law A (iate, of Portland who have heretoforoadvertlsed In our columns-, al.so stand ready to make liberal ad vances upon wheat that may be -lIPJed through their hands. CiuncKit. The lluu city lire-boll ui badly cracked whlM being rung nt nu nlarui of lire en Momlny night. Mr. 1). U Nlggs, the inueliliilst, has uiiilcrUkcu to repair the fracture. The "Fourth." No prophecy of tho fathers of this republic has been so literally fulfilled as tho prediction of the elder Adams, that tho anniversary of tho declara tion of independence would be ob served " with bonfires and rejoic ings" by subsequent generations. Tho fourth of July isone of tho mon uments from which It Is to bo hoped tho Inscription will noverbo effaced. It Is an over-returning reminder of tho sacrifices and noblo deeds that won our liborty. Pointing, as with ono hand, to tho struggles of our fa thers, it points with the other to our own duties. Wo bellevo It should bo n day of rejoicing, but our rejoic ing should bo of tho rational kind. It is a day for something moro than giddy pleasure and thoughtloss Jolli ty. To every thoughtful citizen It Is full of solemn realizations. On tho momlngof this day every true Amor lean will find Important questions confronting him. What did Ameri can Jnitllullonscost? What are they worth? What are wo doing to de servo them, or preserve thorn? Not a hundred years of our history are written yet. Only a llttlo whllo havo tho fathers of tho Revolution slept. Yet what iiuthnught-of changes havo pissed over tho old and now worlds slnco tho eloquence of Ilonry stirred up tho patriotic spirit of tho colonies and tho cannon of Yorktown ceased their thunder! Many of those changes havo been for tho better. Invention has achieved many useful victories. Tho equality or men Is moro genorally recognized. Intelligence and education are more whlo-spreail. Tho condition of tho masses Is better in many respects. On tho other hand, there are things to regret and fear. Prodigality and prido havo grown with our growth. Tho spirit of selfishness has kept oven pnco with our material prosper ity. Social and mlitlca! corruption Is too patent to bo overlooked, too bold to bo despised. In less than a hundred years wo havo reached a point that Homo had scarcely reached In seven hundred. It well becomes us now to "Maud to attention," and bo upon our guard. It is our rlirht and our duty to uo our national an niversary as an occasion for consider ing our dangers and our duties, as well as our rights, our triumphs and sUCCCSSCS. Wo aro pleased U learn that ar rangements havo been made for cel ebrating this day in neiiix nlace.s in tho country. Why should tho farm ers flock to the city, when so much moro pleasant and profitable a day may be spent In any little hamlet, where a doen families may collect and celebrate In the good old-fash-loned style? Let It be, by all means, a day of Joy to old and young, but by no means a day of mere thoughtless tumult and confusion. Let it bo a uii.v in rejoicing, out, ai tno same time, a day of thankfulness and thoughlfuliiess. If it leaves us weary with our marching and frolicking, let It leave us al.so with some good lesson upon our heart, and with a resolution to do all in our wwer to transmit unimpaired to our children the heritage our fathers won for us. PiTRoxs or HtsmxHHV. James Ilrainerd, Secretary of the Wisconsin State Grange, delivered an address at Daraboo, Wisconsin, not long since, on abstract of which was published In tho Weshrn JW mer. As Mr. Uralnerd Is the active working officer of tho Order In that State, his remarks may be regarded as n fair exposition of tho objects and alms of tho Patrons, and hence we tako pleasure In laying them before our readers. Iowa. Wo are indebted to J. M. Shaffer, Secretary or tho Iowa State Agricultural Society, for a copy of his rejKirt to tho Governor for the year 1872. This Is a IhiiiiiiI volume of more than .MX) pages, and, besides tho Secretary's ro.Hirt, It contains the reports of various committees, and also reports from the different county ocletles, and a number of premium essays, reports of discussions, Ac., tho whole formlnga very Interesting and readable book. A law requires thoUiard of directors to present an nually a general view of tho condi tion of agriculture throughout tho State, and tho volume before us is the result. Fi.ohai, (Ii)iDi:. Wo have receiv ed the .'d and Ud numbers of " Vlck's Floral Guide" for 1873. Tho "Guide" Is Issued quarterly, at Rochester, New York, at the low prlco of 25 cents a year. It Is beautifully Illus trated, and Is indispensable to the tlorlM. Mr. Rrnlnerd said: It Is evident to all tillers of tho soil that the day has come when they should havo on or ganization exclusively their own. Every other profession has ItsorgHn Izatlons, to which fanners could not ho admitted. Farmers claimed only tho samo privilege. Tho Order of Patrons of Husbandry was not do signed to break down nny other bus nessj it was simply for tho protection and help of tho farmers. It had been established to meet nn admitted tin- ccsslty: he bollevcd It was well fitted for tho purpoo designed, and It was for them to decide whether they thought so or not. Ho had no word against Farmers' Clubs. They had done and wore do ing much good. Hut they aro mere ly local, ami havo llttlo connection with each other or with Stato organ izations. Tho moro Clubs thoro were, tho more Granges there would be. At tho National Agricultural Congress at Indianapolis, a gentle man from Missouri, who had uecu a member of a Club for years, told him bo would udviso his peoplo to go Into tho Granges. Mr. lluntlov, of tho Grand Chuto Farmers' Club, one of tho most active Clubs In Wis consin, told him ho mid others had decided it best for them to go Into thoOrder. ThlsNational Agricultu ral Consrress had onlv about 100 Del egates. When tho State Grange of Wisconsin next moots, It will rep resent at least .'100 suhordlnato Gran ges. There were now over 150 in tho State, where last winter there were but H. As Secretory, ho was In direct communication with all theso Granges, and tho Secretary of tho National Gningo Is In communi cation with all the Granges of tho country ami moy with him, and ho in somo sense they aro as If they were ono Grange. The only serious objection ho had heard to the Order w.is Its seerecv. If they objected to that, ho advised them to orgaiiio a Farmers Club; tho local work would bo nearly tho same, hut they would see that tho Grango was wider and more rar-reachlng than tho Club, lie claimed superiority for tho Granges on account of their secrecy. It was not trim that when people had a good thing they necessarily wanted to share it with others. All kept their best thoughts to themselves. Men did not tell others of their j reposed iinsuii'ss operations. Clubs which met at the houses of tho members mid had tho wives and daughters of tho members present, woio the most successful. Such mi cletles must be made social, and the Granges did interest tho wives and daughters of the farmers. In his own Grange one-half tho members were women. In all the subordinate Granges four of tho thirteen officers were women. Once a mouth in his own Grange they had a picnic, with refreshments ami a good social time, hiih-ii nu unjoyeu. Tho Pations claimed that this movement was a great social and reformatory movement. It was not 11 mere tlnancial affair. Twentv yearn ago farmers were more social than now. There are farmers in the State who havo not been in a neighbor' hnuso in two months. Living thus isolated, farmers be como suspicious. It Is well known they are suspicious of each other, of tho merchants, lawyers, doctors, even the ministers. Something Wiu needed to break tin this stni.. i im.iirs tno more wo get togeth er, the less suspicious we will be; the rough comers will be worn off, and wo will have more confidence in our ICllOWS. The social fen turn Is mm of tno great features ortlie Order. More than UK) persons had told him with in three month that (his hud fullv paid them. Ills wife had complain ed when ho caiuo home late from tho Lodge, but to tho Grange she could go, and she had staid there until s" o'clock in the mornlinr. unit Inul ... Joyed It. The educational was another Im portant element In tho Order. Far mers cot nearer to tmttin iimn mm, of any other business; what had the iiiaiiuiacturer, tno lawyer, tho phy sician, the editor to do, directly, with nature? Working thus closely with nature, farmers needed to bo well informed. Tluv nn.irwi i learn about their furmlnir what crops to raise, what varieties to plant nnd sow. This they could learn through the Granges. Ho has heard a man ask in a Grango for a certain kind of seed wheat, when a against r.illrnuN. Itdlroads were not the greatest monopoly oppress ing the farmer. The patent-right business Is a greater monopoly than the railroads. Tliec men did keep aloof from the Congress, and did not vote on a single question. It is somotimes asked, What bo. i moos of the money ? A full state ment of the fees. elc.. ivin irl.n.. - some ofthedetallsof which w failed mors to sow Spring wheat, beeau-o to note. I-or charter members, the they learned that much of the Winter Tees me SJJ Tor males and oO cents for wheat had been killed, learning this females. There cannot ho less than through tho papers aud the Order. 13 of these, nor more than SO. Of Right hero ho would say they got.theso fees, $15 are sent to tho Na- their papers cheaper than nny ciutiimnai urango inr ouuit necessary rate, nnd moro agricultural papers books, etc. Tho Deputy organizing man living 11 miles distant said he had that kind. This man might have asked oil the men In his town and not got this kind. Wo do not expect, and never havo expected, to regulate tho prlco buyers should of fer. What wo can do Is to gel infor mation from each other nnd fmiii papers us to when it will be best to sell. In his county they oiganieii a Countv Council and advised the l.i:- were taken by members of the Or der in consequence. They were told this Order would do very well in Winter, but when tho busy season came, tho farmers would stay at home, but tho Grange meetings are well attended even in this busy seed-time. Ono of'our Deputies will organlzo six Granges in threo weeks. A letter was read from a Deputy In 1'ierco county, showing tho interest in the Order there. Tho Patrons sav " God hies tho change." A merchant in Osli kosh. who nt first opposed the Order, says It must be a good thing to ho able to draw tho people together in this busy season. Through tho Granges we buy at wholesale and get tilings cheaper. Their council appointed committees to wait on tho merchants of Oshkosh and tell them they wanted to pay cash and to buy nscheap as possible. Tho Patrons are not In favor of co operative stores. Ho know nothing of keeping store, aud advised all to discourage all starting of stores or manufacturing establishments, to be contiolled by Granges. Such n cour.se he thought would certainly result In failure. At Oshkosh they got favorable terms from somo mer chants, and fiom others Insulting replies. Ono merchant there had lost thousands of dollars of trade in consequence. During tho year, by buying nt tho "Grango stores" ho expected to savo $100 In purchases for his family of four. He had paid 27 cents for tho silk neck-tie ho wore, when ho had usually imid 50 or (JO cents, horn pairofirlnves ho had paid $1.75, and his wife said she had formerly paid $2 for similar ones. In extreme cases, instead qf paying mini uu 10 uou per cent, protit, they were now paying from 10 to 20 por cent, profit. They had learned the prices of goods, nnd could novor bo cheated again. They had made arrangements, through the Stato Grange, for the purchase or agricultural implements, musical Instruments, sewing ma chines, etc., at reduced prices. The price of musical instruments umi sewing machines lias fallen greatlv wiliiln the lout few weeks, nnd this hits resulted only from tho Order of nitrons 01 iiostuudry. tho Orango receives $5 a day and his expenses lor time occupied. For members subsequently received, the fees are SO for males nnd $2 for fe males. Tho Stato Grango receives St for each man and CO cents for each woman admitted after tho grango is organized. The fees aro ten eonts a month, of which tho Stato Grango receives 25 cents a year. So the Stato Grango recolves but nboutono fifth of tho money, four-fifths re maining in tho hands of tho Subor dinate! Orange. All officers were required to glvo bonds. Ho hnd never had J50 of tho Order's funds in his hatidsntonetlmo. vothnmivi. a bond of $1,000. Tho only objection ho had to tho Order on this score was that it is too cheap. Wo valuo things according to their cost, and did not care for what costs us llttlo or nothing. In every Subordinate Grango there shoald bo a library, and each Grange should tako ono or moro agricultural papers, so as to got informed ns to prices, etc. In his own grango thoy were now discussing tho propriety of taking 11 trl-wcekly paper, giving not only tho markets of agricultural products, hut of general merchan dise, so as to get thoroughly inform ed about tho prices of nil they hnd to buy or sell. llo looked on tho Order nH n great reformatory movement. If ho were mistaken, ho wished to bo so shown. Ho asked all to carefully study tho wholo subject. Ho had nover asked any mm or woman to Join thoOrder. Ho believed It a good thing, nnd unit it would continue to prosper until all farmors would Join It. The majority go Into it nt first, and the rest will seo It a good thing. Tho farmers aro already moving to tho front. Tho Patrons proposed celebrating tho Fourth of July nt Oshkosh, nnd tho Northwestern nd vised all tho cltlzons to unltu with thoni. Ho hnd never henrd of such a tiling before as tho other profes sions following the lead of tho far mers. At Marshall tho Patrons would also hnve a celebration on tlm F.mrii of July. A 11 O tin n cial investment, the 'Order navs Its members; none would over regret this city, on last Tuesday oven I nir Itseost. lfaGraiiL'e wore establish- ui viii..i, H... n.i.i..... tr... c f. . . . - - . . . ,,. ,1 ,111 it iiiij a i-.-iiii 1:11. iiiiii .- . .1-.... ...... 1 . . . . - ....... .-. . SOCICTY Ol' XaTUKAL HISTORY. Tho Society of Natural History had n meeting at Cabinet Hall, in ed, there they should make arrange- Mii'iiia iui uicir 111c.11 merennnts, If they could bo made satisfactorily. If not, they should go wherever they could buy tho cheapest. The Pat rons believed In buying In tho cheap est market, and selling where they could do tho best. Tho Order will not liecome a polit ical one. The member wntilil uv.rt- in pontics, ami mauo their Iniluenco felt. Many men had said to him they had been Itonubllcans or num. ocrats, but in future their politics ieii.' summed up in 1 III) WOrn l'ht- ron. The Patrons of Wisconsin will next fall bo almost to a man on ono side, but this tloes not make It neces sary they shall make nominations. In Iowa nominations had been made, but the movement was strongly dl.s. countenanced. ,,.'hat they did proposo to do In isconsln was to go into the llopub lican conventions next full mid .. cure tho nomination of good farmers for the Legislature. Wo have tried the politicians and tho professional iiiiii, nun wiey navo Illlletl US. Ts'oW we proviso using tho senso wo have. 1 he next State Grango will bo a liet ter eg slntlvo lmdy than somo of the legislatures that havo met at Madison of late year. The men who will bo in tho next State Grango will know what they want, and bo ablo to stato it. Ho had never hour. I n m,.,-,. eloqueat speech than one delivered Chad wick, presided. Aftordlsioslng of somo business matters, there was ft short discussion on tho Nebular Hypothesis by Dr. (!. II. Hall and Rev. S. Howors, tho former in favor of and tho latter ngalnst tho theory, which proved of much Interest to thoso present. Tho samo snlili.et will bo further discussed at tho regu lar meeting in August. Several speci mens of shells, rocks, etc., wore re ceived, from Mr. Urynn, near Turn er's Station, In this county. The names of sovoral gentlemon and one or two ladles wore proposed for mem bership. Tho recent meeting of the Society was quite fully attonded, and It gives us pleasure to note the evi dences of an increasing interest in its proceedings. It has a vast Held for usefulness, and wo trust that Its claims upon the attention of our citi zens of a scientific turn of mind will not pass unheeded. Golij Mines. Mr. Green, a resi dont of this city, returned last Tues day, from tho new diggings on tho middlo fork of tho Santiam. five miles below Donica's bar, where the by the Master of tho Stato Grange '. ,np.any or wh,ch he la P "ve Col. John Cochrane, although when Iouna '""r-dollar diggings. Wo saw chosen ho was entirely unaccustoni. ' some of tho dust, which Is known tw eatospeaklng. jl'I'Ker, and amalgamates readily with llS"f 1S..?".e.r..aJ1 "ot quicksilver. Mr. Green starts back propoo runniiiL' it into mv mirm... channel, or place it in opposition to wij mil.- uiiiig aione. 110 had gone to the National Agricultural Con gress to represent the Wisconsin btato Grange. Ho met there Mr. Adams, the Master, Mr. Kelly, the Secretary, nnd Mr. Thompson, of tho National Grange, who ndvised him not to Identify himself with it until he saw how it was going. They were afraid it would run into some wild ness, as had tieei. the casein Illinois, where they hud made a great point ' next Monday. Ociioco. Murfcli French, of the Dalles, has Just returned from the Ochoco mines, and says that none of the millers have as yet got their claims opened for washing, and that tho mines may bo good or they may not, no one can tell yet. "A PI.KA KOR appear next week. Flowers." Will