TF TaWPCTffff ftnkWfl
WILLAMETTE E
EE-.
.3
t
A
AOliNTS.
Tuo. Smith I'.onbtu,-. Ilmijliiii count)
Srenir.s lliiinov l'letfir.l Mill, ljurcntinty
C. 1 llui'.kiiAUT Albany, Lti.inounly
L. D. FiiAiom , U Hit 1. Polkcomity
K E Coortii Xena. Polk county
Toitx Doivsimi Snbiluilit. Marlon county
D C.Stkkaiit. ..North Yamhill, Yamhill county
WitAMitta . .CVntertllla. Wn.lilin;tniitnuntT
Col J. Tatloii liirta.lhitii tnmil)
I'. Smopmamiii Fore. I lc, I'nlen tmii.lj
T. W. lHve.sruir sllttrtiw
S IU-niir ... 1'iw.l tirnti'
John M. 1Iac" Or.et'iiCltt
Philip llirx Nali.i Wall i
JAura r. Ilnnii.. Klicelu-t liv
WnVt Iinrnii
.Silas J. lur Jaikwnvllle
.s. I). Halkt Peoria
Jacob Fiursn Maohnl !'. 0 , 1'iuatllhi Co
U n WitLoufliinr Flnr, l.liui county
M WlLKts Willamette Fork, t.iOie comity
I) 1) ltlNKIIART t'fltlj I'll C'llV
HM"Wait W.ilt-t.ur,', WT
KMKUvtii franklin, Wi
lt. Woodwahii Cvrvnllt
W. W. IIkaci Uncno i,t
t). W. Stkahn Mkton
.T. D. 1,11 Ilnlla..
Irtink A Momiin held
M F SrEvrrai.... (IrrtaU
i: McFahlanu fi.MII- W. T.
Wit. witu imcna vtta
I 1'. Fmusii Hin FrAncl.co
VOLNRT L'OI.VIU C.UIJOIlllllC
N. CocKunim )(ncl.ur.'
Aloiio IIrows Onktaiii
K. K. r.ANdiiAi.it VeailtltVtlllc
A. ,T, HiTNiiAKrn Marlon Sitlon
T W B Nlehnlnn Portland
1IAV1D M. (IL-Titlilit Hall i, Polk comity.
W, II, Holand F.riiivlllr. I.lntt rn
Willis Starr I)n loll, Yamhill co
II, V. Aahby Anlelnpe. Warofo
ACTottya Wlllmr Fork. Umatilla do
DP Porter aht-dd. t.lnn co
Henry Prntand. Ilal-ry. Linn rn
Smith, UraiflelJ Co ,...,. ..Junction City
tih:
Scientific American
ron 1073.
BEAXJTpFUILY itLVSTRATED.
T
UK "SCIENTIFIC AMF.IttCAN." NOW IN
Ita ftHth year, eulnva Hit. lt.cl vlrculatton of
tiny anajpgnu penooicai in tnc worm.
It conterrti embrace tho-l.-ilcst and not Inter
oatlnR Information prtalnliiK to 1Kb lurti(rll,
Mechanical, and Scli nllflc. Profrc or tho World;
Iieacrlnllnn. tilth btiatlful tmirravlofr. ofNuw
Invention. New Iinplemint, Nt-tv Proctc. uil
Improved lnitoatrlea of all kind: I'rful Note,
Fuct. Keclpca, Siuriotlmii, and Adtlie, by Prac
tical Writer. Mr orkineli and Kiuploytr, In nil
tho varloua Art.
Description of Improvement. DWcovrrle. and
Important Work, peruiliilui! to CUM iind Median,
(ral Enijiucerlnp, MMInc Mining, mid ilrtallurjry;
Itrcoid of trio iatct proj;re In tin' . plliatlnn
of Strain, Steam Knjrln-i-rlni'. llnllM . Ship.
Iinlldlni:. Nathjullon, Tilecriiphy, TclCLTnpli F.n.
ijlnecrliijr, Klt-itrlclty, Sliituctliiii, Light and
ileal.
Tlio latrlt dhcnverle In Ph'itojrapliy. Chi-tnl..
try, new and un-fitt dpplkutlon of t-lit-mlKry In
the. Arta mid In ilomi-rtic or lnm-cliuU i'(inittny,
Thu lali-itt Infonniilloii pi rtiliilt'CtiiTrclinnloey,
Mlcrorcopy, MathciiMtlc, Aurnn.iMiv, lli-c'niiiliy,
Mctcnriiliuy, .Mlnorolo.'y, (Ifulivy. ?.iiloi;), l'otu
sy, llortlculiurc, Aurlrultuiv. ArddlKlmr. Iluml
licononiy. 1'uod, l.lliUi:.-, Ilra-.iiu'. Vi-nUUtlon.
and llftlth
In i-liorl. the whole r.m,;e tf thv filcneci anil
TrJCtlcul Arta aru i-hiIimpimI nll'iln thi' ncpo of
Uiu Hclcntlrlc Amrrlciin. Nupirdii wliodfrlrto
ie IntelllKintly luforuud citn uttonl to bo ullliout
tliia paper.
Fanner, Miilnuley. '.n(Mni r.Imeatnr,5Un
ufacturcri", fluinl.li-. I.uvi-rii orsilvt ci. Tvtclina,
Clervymeti, Iwyr4. and rvipU-ol altt'nibilm.
will il tul the MuESTiru Av.i.i.it vn to lie of i;riat
value. It tlmiill 1m ve n plie(. In i-trry l-,i.ulll.
Library, rltnd), lllli c-an-1 CuuiillM Kouin, Co:ioK-e,
Academy, or Mibool.
I'ublUliul wi'ikly, lcndld!- llljitnli-!, only M
a year.
Tim Yearlr Nnm'icrrrt!i S-iivTiric AMr.tti
can muku two ipliiiidld olunrr of nearl) nut'
tliounand pi.v. niliuliiil In conteiil" f Four
1 honrand ordltuiry Hook I'liue. An Ufltl.ll I.I't
of nil l'nli'ill ixiied la pitlilUhed ueukl)
ttf Speclmtn ct)ili- mm in. Adiiri'ta Hie
pilblUheri-. Mi'nm A Co.,:t; I'.irk lln Ne York.
D A rilTPTCfl'd In ti'timtllnn with the
Jt AXXjXl X O, "mhmiho AiitnrA."
Merii. Mumn ,V Uii aro rolillur of AliK-rkaii
mid Foreign I'ntriit, hue lud ovi'r -i'i jtur' tx
perlenri', and bate the Inru'e-t e.tl.lluni'iil In
the irorld. lf)o i ln.e uinih-.in li.v. uil"U. wrllo
them a letter aid "'lid it ki tt-li , tiny Iil
Iirmnplly Inrorm tuu, frt-nofclai:e, lulhir tour
ilcUe I ne- and piti-UMhli. 'Ill r Mill ulu
end toil.fte'l 0frh:ir.-e, arupy tif Hie ratetil laT
In full, tilth Inntiuiilom how in protect tu ibuln
.t patent, AUdrc Ml nn Jc Co., it; 1'ark Ilnw,
New York,
vwvwwaex l !! "rftnyf mf y m
FlIPIIIOI-H 1111(1 HlH-.-st'llK'H,
Kiamlno for
jo.ir, tlvt.
pttju'd parlies
lloii'lbclU-to
Von Sil lit
Manuftrtnrfl
All I).alhi
on!) by
J. C. .TOriNSOX -S; Co.,
101 rront St , SIN I'HAJtCIM'O, '
Dealer In llH.rnei, Siirlillrry, I.rntlit-r, I
etc. Liberal dUcount tu the tmtle. tlt'iiuiti '
ALL SEEKING I
A NiA OXf
SHOfaisiWrotJcqpr or
WJtlch contain a ll.t of all the drtlraUeadtrrlic
Inemedlmaala the Country, nlth Cinri'i ation
Uati, Jtc, lnt!ul!etii all whndelre In i'I.d
thtlrmonrv to Ilrat Puaalblr AtlTniilavjjr.
8nt pot m-o for Si ctnt tu wipir, W crut. In
ckrth. AddrtM
T. C. KVANS,
GtKrrol .V'trf.ir AJfrStlnQ .lavaf,
SwU lOfl WaihliutHi direct, Boiton
Wanted,
UtQAfl ou kltOOO, Mtl'HUL'D IIV
lUsmlna our svzl f Copy i rlvtld
Ilorao CulUra, KlfvffvX P.U Nov. UW
Adopted by f- ?,$ W'l A V '.'. Arny.
Ileal lu line f5f,Sll 'J A IS,I)0a.od. j
Ali.UiiAiir.it. Mff. I,Xf, Heavy A I.l,'l t
No Cumphlntr VitV V jv A,",W,,n'J'
Nn HepalrluK.g-3 WS4
m mm
ujuuv nui !! in i,uiui,
lulllr at
tfil orBee
.NuV. L-r-lf
.1. d. WRIGHT,
DKALKlt IN
Fiimily Oi'ocerlos,
Tobacco,
Crockery'
GlnssAvnt'o,
TVotionn,
Sngrnr,
Co (loe.
Ton,
Salt,
Candles
S onp,
ARF.NT FOIt IMIMMIIAI, FIIIK INSUItANCK
COMPANY of LONDON.
D. LOWER,
CoinmiNMtoii lIoto1iuiitt
AND WHOLESALi: DITALKn IN
Oregon and California
Fruit and Produce.
1M l'llONT tH'KEKr,
POItTLAND, ... OUEGON.
Country order promptly attended to.
not a
toy
XI 113
HUBBAKD
COMBINED
SELF-EAKE
- EEAPER
& MOWER
MANL'FACTUIti:n AT TIIK
Salom, Oregon.
rilllK PIlOPUILTOKOr THIS WOKTIIY KN.
X terprlre h Imported twentj-ftve of thie
Superior Machines !
(Which he Inti-nda to b-jIM) In (inter to teel their
merlin In Ort-cou,
Fttllni; contlrif lit that ih'i are Die
BEST MACHINE!
Mimifacturtil, ImtliiR n-ctltcd the only
GRAND GOT.TJ MEDAL
nt lliu U-l two United 8uui l'ulra for tin
II13SX
Combined Self-Rake
REAPER AND MOWER !
Wo cm coiiHrtently rrrommri.il thera In tho public.
Hi-nd for ileicrlpllve riitaloknie-n-nt freo .
Machli.t-a ngw ut onrofilcv ""eiljll'llliin.aiid for
i-ale,
Oresou Afjricultural Works,
M.tl.Kn OIIKr.ON.
THE PARKER GUN,
JCHD STAMP FOR CIRCULAR.
PARKER BROS v
WEST MER1DEN.CT.
James F. Brown,
Ugout for Willamott
to Farcer
IY.
(l()i:Hi:t.LKIt AND DI'.ALXII IN itAOA.
J) tint-, Pcrtiditu!, Newpaptr( l!ook aud
" UBub.rrlptbin taVen fjr the WII.LAMRTTII
FAHMIllt. and alt Ruttrn I'abltnttlou, ut 1'uIj
llhir' price.
Willamette Urtrt, eferddnortiithr Ht. O.adt
Hotel, Kak't-uo City, Ort-un, Aptt.
Kansa Central Land Agency.
Kaiina, Ma, JOHN W HK1IKM. ftopr
Ileal K.tate llutlnt; attnl for the Kanu I'll
dflc ItallKayCn ' land, andpiiblltlur of the Kan
i Wilrj( ,I,iviii, a i.aii rii-na ortu.lMjrlnx-
Mtioni uui 71 ver auitiuo.
it. vAiinnr. i I iuaw,
MAIiIiORT & SHAW,
ATTOJINEYS AT LAW. HALEM. OIIEOON.
Oftlre ottrOra)' uu, aorner of Slate aad
Llbrrtr fiet. Mul7-W,
Oil. V.. Y. CIIAIHE,
BltKVKT U.V1 late Surytt a C.S. Vulaulrer.
OlUcr. liurbm'a block. p Ltlr. IletldrrK.
Cornuierelal lrrrt halrm Orntm v7r
r. Qirzmr TBoufTow,
TTOKNKV AND Cll'NKU)H AT LAW.
L Omr, In Patwn' Itrlek, lUI lr-t, Haltiui
JH.-T, Lr.
The Contest In Illinois
Thi flirniun of Hlinol i arc It jilting
it li:ittk in which tlu-y ilfM-rvo not
only llio fiMipor.itltm ol'iill tho far
mers) throughout tho land, but ulso
tho supixirt of the whole nawipnpor
Press. Tlio railroads iMKintiriRly pro
clnim that thoy nuulo tho country,
that thoy Incroascd tho value of tho
land:, hut before the railroad!) wero
the farmer wan, mid it Is a question
for dlMi'U.sMion, whether IiIm condi
tion was uot.evon then hotter than
now. Ho had hut few menu of
getting liis produce to market, then,
tic can now only neud it ,to market
by paying for Its transportation two
thirds of vlmt he makes to get tho
other third to 'a scnport. At tho
saino tiino, tho farmer tues tho own
ers or manipulators of tlio stocks of
theio roads fuli of wealth and case.
It is natural that ho should foeln dis
position to adapt some means where
by tlio enormous protlts of the rail
road magnates shall bo reduced, and
Ills own scanty earnings increased.
This disposition is tho more earnest
when tho railroads oponly defy tho
laws of tho State. Honco tho far
mers of Illinois not only have-moral
right on their side, but also Justice
and law, as well as their own Inter
ests, and wo give thorn our hearty
support in tlio contest which thoy
aro now carrying on. Wo conceivo,
too, that It Is but a mast short-sighted
policy in the railroads to bo at enmi
ty with tho farmers; tho bond of In
terest between them is nuo of great
strength, and thoy should act in
unison, not opposition. Yet it Is ev
ident should measures ho pushed to
a hitter test that tho farmers and
their allies will bo found largely In
ii majority, nnd n contest commenced
merely to got a right which tho laws
of tlio State give, may cud in tho
railroads being burdened with great
er taxes, or deprived of privileges
they now possess. Ar. 1'. Time.
HKN'roN County. Tlio Democrat,
June '21, rtiy.s tho building of tho far
mom warehouse- in Corvallis has
been commenced. It will bo '!() by
!)0 feet, ono portion i!S feet high, tho
remainder UU feet. A Hacking room
l.lx'.MI will bo built underneath, with
an S-ftiot celling.
Tho sunt) paper mivs tho Spring
llili warehou-e, built by tho farmers
on Soap Creek, has been completed.
It has u holding capacity ol ' lio.ooo
bushels of grain, mill is built in tlio
mint hiib.staiiti.il maimer. Tlio build
hrg was erected mainly through tho
agency ol tho Soap Creek Farmers'
Club, ami stands us a monument of
what tho farmers can do, if they but
concentrate their energies.
Corvallis College clo-etl its labors
for tho school year of 1872-'7.J on tho
18th Inst. Tho baccalaureilto rormoii
was preached on Sunday by Hev. K
.1. Imwuc, of Salem. Tho annual
literary mldrcr-s was delivered by
M. V. Hrown, of Albany, and was a
complete success. Tho anniversary
address, by W. II. Gilbert, ol 1'ort
laud, Is highly communded, us also
tho address before tho Alumni Asso
ciation, by Jtov. W. It. Stowart, of
Salem.
Snaki. A Pennsylvania papur
says :
Under tho Institution of "local op
tion" laws In' nittlcstiako regioiir,
there bus been an alarming Increase)
In tho number of pcr-ous .stillorlng
from tho bites of llm-o venomous
reptiles, for which, as is well known,
copious draughts uf whisky consti
tute tho only antidote.
(irituil Jury Itcjmrl,
JI'M'Tmim, Is7.1.
r Hie (iriihtl .lur) tl .M.iiioii lotinlt,
Mate of Urt-gon. liutlnj; illini-iil ul twi-ntj-tle(JM
hrnuylit to ntir imllit-. uil c-nniilc.
til our labor-, ii'initlull) iu,iU'lliulnlluHiii2
rctmrt :
lit. Wu li.tt r l,ltiil tlm Hl.tta I'lnitcn.
lLir Ulnl lt'nl tlioMUU! ill Kuntl Ltiii.laloll,
tin- itiM.lpline -t t-llt-lit , the emit hU In, ill lit,
i-leaiily uinl nnlerl) uliU tho in.lUiitlon, iiilin-r
ilitiiiblii nun luemt-ia ul Mit-riali nJnt W.
II. WHtklixlx, U vifJit lu the .slulc. Wf
lhlnk If mann'eil In Hie fiilnrt', uJ priM-nt,
illstfJll of Iniiu' uii i-.ny,-ll will In? i
aOlllt'u of ret cillli" I" tlm Slulc,
3(1. We ti ixl th- Count) lull In a illlipl'lj.
tnl mill iinlit-atlhy rnmliliun, (althnuli mull)
kepi lit the sliiiill'ortliUtoiiBlt; mill wmilil
rcroniriifiid that it bt ilitjio.rU ul lo tho tt,t
adtmilue, liy Iho i)-r olli.i-r, u mkiiiu
the iK-w jail, hum In jrifi, oftuiiilriK'Hyi),
It com)iltlt-.l.
:iil. We MotiM re.lliilly rrimrt that the
Court IIoum! uj jjil m Ur j cuiuilirili l
t-onttnii tfl In a uli,tjiitUI mitilnr, rxtt-pt
the roof bit bin ourjuiltliicnl .liouhl be hre
prool. 4lh. Wo tinrl the county ottI(r,SI'rid
unit (.'lerk, edlt-li-nt anil lioluat III the, ill
clurge ot iht.tr dutlt-.
Hrlt.tfi!llt llbmUleU,
Mi'Rinr A. Waihc, Kon-nian.
The Farmers' State Conuntlon.
ttr.l'OUTOK THK KNOINKI'.HOr' THU
w. r. c. a i.. co.
KNoiNi:r.ii'ri Orrici:, )
V. V. C. A- L. Co. J
JA'. . Goldsmith, President II'. F.
C. & L. Co. DiiAitSitt: I hcrowlth
bubtnlt the following statement as to
points presented in your letter of
January 17th:
Int. The tot.il It'iit-lh (r tho Wllhmcttc
Fall-t Oiiul mill l.tK-kn la Il.lAk) It.
Cotilittnn of appiiueh tu llrt or
noilli lock '200 n.
Four lilt locks, 510 lift lontr, 40 wltlr,
Ultlivp ,..., SIO n.
C.m.il north tit pii.ntl lot-k, til) tn 100
ftvt ttlilo l.-JT.t It.
liliarillock.'JIOfivt lon, Wtviilii.... 'J1U II.
Cali.il nml Imln antith ot ctiartt lork,
from p'Jtoi.M) IW-twIilo 1,07 H.
Total , :t,(KH) ft.
Tho four lift locks aro what are
called combined locks, the lower cato
of ouu serving its tho upper gate of
tlio kick noxi oeiow. too wans aro
U) foot In bight above the locks'
floors, o feet wide ou tho top. with a
batter of il Inches to the foot, lounded
in nil cases ou solid rock, through
which tho locks are cut.
Tlio gu.ud lock wttll is 10 feet high
above tho bed of the lock, with tlio
same general dimensions, as tho lift
locks.
Tho first anil second locks (north)
aro cut wholly In tho solid rock, ami
have us their sides tho natural rock,
with fenders bolted to it, except
around and below tho gates where
masonry is sot lu, for tho hollow
quoins and supports for tho gates.
The third lock is also cut lu tho sol
id rock, hut thu walls rNo above the
surface, and fenders, with a Kicking
of three-Inch timber, are bolted aud
tied into tho rock.
Tho fourth lock is almost entirely
almvo tho rock, and has walls of ma
sonry on both sides.
Tho guard lock Is also of masonry
on one side, with the natural rock on
the other, tintl fenders bolted to It,
tho bearing for tho gates holng ma
sonry, lloth above and below tho
guard lock tho (II If serves for one
side of tho canal, and tho timber
work ou tho other side is founded ou
tho bed rock, except about 7110 feet of
the canal north of the guard lock,
which is built on a stone wall eight
feet wide ou tho top with u batter of
it inches, mid from it to 15 foot deep,
reaching the bud rock below. The
gates are constructed substantially
after tho plan of lhoe of the Motion
gahela locks, being swung by suspen
sion rods ii.i-.sing over Iron brackets
on tho waIN, ami tied into tho ma
sonry. Thoy do nut rest on rollers or
tramways beneath, ami aro easily
worked by ono man. In each gato
are eight wickets, each I by IS feet,
besides two culverts leading under
tho sills to carry oil' tho mud and
gravel, which might otherwise clog
the gates.
The stone of the masonry is a lino
ground basttltits s.ind-stoue. exceed
ugly hard and durable, Tho stone
for the hollow miolns are of tho same
character of rock, but of somewhat
ditroreut texture, being obtained
from the quarry of .Mr. Maker, on tho
Clackamas river.
Tho masonry Is laid lu hydraulic
cement, with no Intermixture of
lime.
Above tlio guaid lock, the wall ou
thu east side is of lumber, the bents
live feet apart, and each bent ItoKcd
to the rock by three Iron rods extend
ing the full length of tho braces.
Tho whole Umber wall itbovo and
below the guard lock Is lilted with
.stone.
The iiiaxlmiiih depth of water Isil
feet, and when the depth In tho canal
above tho guard lock Is less (ban this
tho guatd lock gates tiro oft oihiii,
but lor greater depths boats must lock
' through.
Hoais can now pass through with a
depth of ITt feet ol wntOrou the upper
I guaid lock gates, mid It Is designed
to mill an aililllliiual rail, so thai tuoy
can bo p.ts-ed through with 174 feet
of water. When the water Is high
er than this the river cannot bo safe
ly navigated, andsiich Hoods rarely
I ir-cur, and last only for a few days lu
I tho year.
H. j no iiiiiiner ol lineal icoi oi
iiiavitiry ami wood-worn, exclusive
offioo cubic yards of foundation walls,
and fenders of tho live locks are as
follows:
Ma')tir , linmil ful ,t;;S
Wow I tturk (i'aii.iI natli-j uhulu the
Kiinnl liM-k 1,01'J
Wowl nurk (c.in.il tall) In low tho
truant lock , , 1,102
'Id. Tho amount of excavation, till
ing, masonry etc., is as follows:
i:iatalioii, nx-k, ruble jaril..l8,()'l
loci-rink .. i,:mi
" at tit .. I,tI7j
r,i,r.w,
,Mu.iury M flam, cubic yard . HOO
' liil " . I, IS!
' ;M ' . 700
0,02"
l-'lliliiK III iriilcli north of cuaril lock.
cmriOM-l of rot k, 20,000
Tho materials expended aro as
follows:
Ctuiuit, tu J, U.I
LuniU-r liik'-ttta.raikil wall, ftuifrr.
rtr., ft I.MO.OOO
Iron for ;;atr. It 1S0.7U0
' hull for raiial walU, fender,
etc., 0 71,000
This does not include iron used in
machinery, derricks etc., or steel,
but only tlic iron placed in tho works.
lth. Tho wntorpower W almost un
limited in quantity.
Tho lowest depth of 'water, above
the L'liard lock is -I feet G Inches, und
j this only at extreme low water. Tho
fall from low wntor nbovo. to low
i water below Is 41 foot. Tho wator
may no taken irom the basin nlmve
tho guard lock, or taken from the
canal below tho guard lock. In tho
flatter case, a current would bo pro-
viucii through tho canal, depending
on the amount of water taken out,
I wiin a (icptn oi tour icqt, ana a ctir
I rent of two miles tier hour, tho vol
ume of water would bo i28,ll0 cubiu
j feet per minute, which, with it head
oi .to tcei to anew lor imck water no
low In rUes of the river, would
amount to about l,(i()0 Jiorso power
theoretical, or say l.'-'OO horse powor
actual, if taken from the canal at tho
lowest st'igo of water.
This could bo doubled or (roblud by
taking 1 16 water from nbovo tlm
guard lock1. Between the gilartl lock
nnd the entrance to the locks below
tho Falls, there are over 2,000 feet of
shore lino with a width back of from
ono to three hundred feet, till well
adapted for manufacturing purposes.
Tho water can also ho taken from the
canal along the west side of tho locks
to the shoro lino below the looks.
Cth. A dry-dock may bo built ut
little cost on the west side or tho
fourth or upper lock, between tho
lock-wall una Iho blufT, using tho
lock-wall and thu blutfas side walls.
Tho depth of cutting would bo about
six feet, and taking the length at 210
feet ami width at GO feel, tho exca
vating would bo about l!,H00 yards.
Assuming this ns rock, u portion of
which, at least, Is earth, an approxi
mate estimate of cost would bo its
follows:
a,S0OLaiilritriNiiri'rntAlhtiiiit?'i,V)..?7,0t
Cute mnl tvniHl-Mork 1,600
I'lin liaatuif alto 1,000
The cost might not amount to more
t'oiitliii'onclci 1,000
'1'ntiil i-nlliimti-.lcoM $IO,r00
than $7,000, but to make a mom accu
rate estimate, It would be, necessary
to make n survey ami determine tho
relative amount of earth and rock in
the excavation und also Urn quantity.
Mb. The works I consider to be in
excellent condition. All of tlm foun
dations, of both masonry und wood
work, tire ou solid rock, and tho lock
floors nml canal beds also of nick.
Kvery Kirllou of tlio work Is of the
best material, and carefully built, and
will require but little repair.
7th. For the llrst four or llvo
months there will be necessarily somo
work to bo performed which belongs
more properly to construction than
to maintenance. After that I think
$i:i)0 per annum will cover the ordi
nary repairs. I think tho masonry
will last for an indelluito period, and
tho timber work from eight to ten
years, as all (ho lumber ticd him
been carefully selected ami is of tho
best quality.
If iit-slrcd, slono wall could bo
erected above tho guard-lock, with
out suspending navigation. I think
thatonoSuperiiilemletit.at from 100
to $I'T per mouth, and two lock-tenders,
at sViO each, would la Htilllcieut
to tend tho locks.
8th. There Is no question but that
freight can be taken through the
canal and locks at lower rates than
by rail or through the works at Ore
gon City.
lu it densely populated country,
with level grades, railroads may
compete with steamboaLs, but when
tho quantity Is comparatively small,
and tho gr.idostichusaio on ordinary
roads, the cost of river or canal navi
gation Is not more than half what It
Is by rail.
hi the report of tlm Now York
State Kngltieerfor lflil!) the following
statement Is made as to comparative
cost of freights by canal and rail:
Ait mil flint li) i-iiiul,tiii-linliuKiur.
iIijmi unit ii-iiilr f ho.ttskii.
lo- it tit li-l Kn )i.n, with In-
tiTr-t nn ..line, nml rjiini'l of
f ri-tv nml lowing per Ion ur
mill-,. . . ..Mil inlll.i
Cirrhra piniit I ill "
Tilth, I Its "
Tol.it i-o.t M-r ton jut inllo, lor
mnl Ki til "
Tot n I rnt ilurlni,' )nr s(i.),1Si,i
mnl IHI17. per tun, pi r Inllo, (ill
tlm New t nrk Ci ntral Itailrnail 'J'J UO "
Kile Itmlrouil -J I 2i) '
It Is true that tho comparatively
small amount of freights in tho coun
try would not Justify the above ratc,
but thu diminished quantity would
Ui more to the disadvantage of tlio
railroad than of the river navigation.
I think thai tho hulk of thu freight
from the Willamette Valley must
pass through the locks, but for soir.a
time the opposition of the railroad
will take oil it orliou of II, nnd Unto
will bo required to develop tho coun
try. At present I doubt whether thu
trade will lie sufficient to pay interest
ou the amount expended in construc
tion. I have not, however, a suffi
cient knowledge of tho buslncs.1 of
Oregon to euuble mo to form an opin
ion. Itcspoctfully yours,
Isaac W. Smith,
Kuglneer and Huieriutcndeut,