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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (June 28, 1873)
TF TaWPCTffff ftnkWfl WILLAMETTE E EE-. .3 t A AOliNTS. Tuo. Smith I'.onbtu,-. Ilmijliiii count) Srenir.s lliiinov l'letfir.l Mill, ljurcntinty C. 1 llui'.kiiAUT Albany, Lti.inounly L. D. FiiAiom , U Hit 1. Polkcomity K E Coortii Xena. Polk county Toitx Doivsimi Snbiluilit. Marlon county D C.Stkkaiit. ..North Yamhill, Yamhill county WitAMitta . .CVntertllla. Wn.lilin;tniitnuntT Col J. Tatloii liirta.lhitii tnmil) I'. Smopmamiii Fore. I lc, I'nlen tmii.lj T. W. lHve.sruir sllttrtiw S IU-niir ... 1'iw.l tirnti' John M. 1Iac" Or.et'iiCltt Philip llirx Nali.i Wall i JAura r. Ilnnii.. Klicelu-t liv WnVt Iinrnii .Silas J. lur Jaikwnvllle .s. I). Halkt Peoria Jacob Fiursn Maohnl !'. 0 , 1'iuatllhi Co U n WitLoufliinr Flnr, l.liui county M WlLKts Willamette Fork, t.iOie comity I) 1) ltlNKIIART t'fltlj I'll C'llV HM"Wait W.ilt-t.ur,', WT KMKUvtii franklin, Wi lt. Woodwahii Cvrvnllt W. W. IIkaci Uncno i,t t). W. Stkahn Mkton .T. D. 1,11 Ilnlla.. Irtink A Momiin held M F SrEvrrai.... (IrrtaU i: McFahlanu fi.MII- W. T. Wit. witu imcna vtta I 1'. Fmusii Hin FrAncl.co VOLNRT L'OI.VIU C.UIJOIlllllC N. CocKunim )(ncl.ur.' Aloiio IIrows Onktaiii K. K. r.ANdiiAi.it VeailtltVtlllc A. ,T, HiTNiiAKrn Marlon Sitlon T W B Nlehnlnn Portland 1IAV1D M. (IL-Titlilit Hall i, Polk comity. W, II, Holand F.riiivlllr. I.lntt rn Willis Starr I)n loll, Yamhill co II, V. Aahby Anlelnpe. Warofo ACTottya Wlllmr Fork. Umatilla do DP Porter aht-dd. t.lnn co Henry Prntand. Ilal-ry. Linn rn Smith, UraiflelJ Co ,...,. ..Junction City tih: Scientific American ron 1073. BEAXJTpFUILY itLVSTRATED. T UK "SCIENTIFIC AMF.IttCAN." NOW IN Ita ftHth year, eulnva Hit. lt.cl vlrculatton of tiny anajpgnu penooicai in tnc worm. It conterrti embrace tho-l.-ilcst and not Inter oatlnR Information prtalnliiK to 1Kb lurti(rll, Mechanical, and Scli nllflc. Profrc or tho World; Iieacrlnllnn. tilth btiatlful tmirravlofr. ofNuw Invention. New Iinplemint, Nt-tv Proctc. uil Improved lnitoatrlea of all kind: I'rful Note, Fuct. Keclpca, Siuriotlmii, and Adtlie, by Prac tical Writer. Mr orkineli and Kiuploytr, In nil tho varloua Art. Description of Improvement. DWcovrrle. and Important Work, peruiliilui! to CUM iind Median, (ral Enijiucerlnp, MMInc Mining, mid ilrtallurjry; Itrcoid of trio iatct proj;re In tin' . plliatlnn of Strain, Steam Knjrln-i-rlni'. llnllM . Ship. Iinlldlni:. Nathjullon, Tilecriiphy, TclCLTnpli F.n. ijlnecrliijr, Klt-itrlclty, Sliituctliiii, Light and ileal. Tlio latrlt dhcnverle In Ph'itojrapliy. Chi-tnl.. try, new and un-fitt dpplkutlon of t-lit-mlKry In the. Arta mid In ilomi-rtic or lnm-cliuU i'(inittny, Thu lali-itt Infonniilloii pi rtiliilt'CtiiTrclinnloey, Mlcrorcopy, MathciiMtlc, Aurnn.iMiv, lli-c'niiiliy, Mctcnriiliuy, .Mlnorolo.'y, (Ifulivy. ?.iiloi;), l'otu sy, llortlculiurc, Aurlrultuiv. ArddlKlmr. Iluml licononiy. 1'uod, l.lliUi:.-, Ilra-.iiu'. Vi-nUUtlon. and llftlth In i-liorl. the whole r.m,;e tf thv filcneci anil TrJCtlcul Arta aru i-hiIimpimI nll'iln thi' ncpo of Uiu Hclcntlrlc Amrrlciin. Nupirdii wliodfrlrto ie IntelllKintly luforuud citn uttonl to bo ullliout tliia paper. Fanner, Miilnuley. '.n(Mni r.Imeatnr,5Un ufacturcri", fluinl.li-. I.uvi-rii orsilvt ci. Tvtclina, Clervymeti, Iwyr4. and rvipU-ol altt'nibilm. will il tul the MuESTiru Av.i.i.it vn to lie of i;riat value. It tlmiill 1m ve n plie(. In i-trry l-,i.ulll. Library, rltnd), lllli c-an-1 CuuiillM Kouin, Co:ioK-e, Academy, or Mibool. I'ublUliul wi'ikly, lcndld!- llljitnli-!, only M a year. Tim Yearlr Nnm'icrrrt!i S-iivTiric AMr.tti can muku two ipliiiidld olunrr of nearl) nut' tliounand pi.v. niliuliiil In conteiil" f Four 1 honrand ordltuiry Hook I'liue. An Ufltl.ll I.I't of nil l'nli'ill ixiied la pitlilUhed ueukl) ttf Speclmtn ct)ili- mm in. Adiiri'ta Hie pilblUheri-. Mi'nm A Co.,:t; I'.irk lln Ne York. D A rilTPTCfl'd In ti'timtllnn with the Jt AXXjXl X O, "mhmiho AiitnrA." Merii. Mumn ,V Uii aro rolillur of AliK-rkaii mid Foreign I'ntriit, hue lud ovi'r -i'i jtur' tx perlenri', and bate the Inru'e-t e.tl.lluni'iil In the irorld. lf)o i ln.e uinih-.in li.v. uil"U. wrllo them a letter aid "'lid it ki tt-li , tiny Iil Iirmnplly Inrorm tuu, frt-nofclai:e, lulhir tour ilcUe I ne- and piti-UMhli. 'Ill r Mill ulu end toil.fte'l 0frh:ir.-e, arupy tif Hie ratetil laT In full, tilth Inntiuiilom how in protect tu ibuln .t patent, AUdrc Ml nn Jc Co., it; 1'ark Ilnw, New York, vwvwwaex l !! "rftnyf mf y m FlIPIIIOI-H 1111(1 HlH-.-st'llK'H, Kiamlno for jo.ir, tlvt. pttju'd parlies lloii'lbclU-to Von Sil lit Manuftrtnrfl All I).alhi on!) by J. C. .TOriNSOX -S; Co., 101 rront St , SIN I'HAJtCIM'O, ' Dealer In llH.rnei, Siirlillrry, I.rntlit-r, I etc. Liberal dUcount tu the tmtle. tlt'iiuiti ' ALL SEEKING I A NiA OXf SHOfaisiWrotJcqpr or WJtlch contain a ll.t of all the drtlraUeadtrrlic Inemedlmaala the Country, nlth Cinri'i ation Uati, Jtc, lnt!ul!etii all whndelre In i'I.d thtlrmonrv to Ilrat Puaalblr AtlTniilavjjr. 8nt pot m-o for Si ctnt tu wipir, W crut. In ckrth. AddrtM T. C. KVANS, GtKrrol .V'trf.ir AJfrStlnQ .lavaf, SwU lOfl WaihliutHi direct, Boiton Wanted, UtQAfl ou kltOOO, Mtl'HUL'D IIV lUsmlna our svzl f Copy i rlvtld Ilorao CulUra, KlfvffvX P.U Nov. UW Adopted by f- ?,$ W'l A V '.'. Arny. Ileal lu line f5f,Sll 'J A IS,I)0a.od. j Ali.UiiAiir.it. Mff. I,Xf, Heavy A I.l,'l t No Cumphlntr VitV V jv A,",W,,n'J' Nn HepalrluK.g-3 WS4 m mm ujuuv nui !! in i,uiui, lulllr at tfil orBee .NuV. L-r-lf .1. d. WRIGHT, DKALKlt IN Fiimily Oi'ocerlos, Tobacco, Crockery' GlnssAvnt'o, TVotionn, Sngrnr, Co (loe. Ton, Salt, Candles S onp, ARF.NT FOIt IMIMMIIAI, FIIIK INSUItANCK COMPANY of LONDON. D. LOWER, CoinmiNMtoii lIoto1iuiitt AND WHOLESALi: DITALKn IN Oregon and California Fruit and Produce. 1M l'llONT tH'KEKr, POItTLAND, ... OUEGON. Country order promptly attended to. not a toy XI 113 HUBBAKD COMBINED SELF-EAKE - EEAPER & MOWER MANL'FACTUIti:n AT TIIK Salom, Oregon. rilllK PIlOPUILTOKOr THIS WOKTIIY KN. X terprlre h Imported twentj-ftve of thie Superior Machines ! (Which he Inti-nda to b-jIM) In (inter to teel their merlin In Ort-cou, Fttllni; contlrif lit that ih'i are Die BEST MACHINE! Mimifacturtil, ImtliiR n-ctltcd the only GRAND GOT.TJ MEDAL nt lliu U-l two United 8uui l'ulra for tin II13SX Combined Self-Rake REAPER AND MOWER ! Wo cm coiiHrtently rrrommri.il thera In tho public. Hi-nd for ileicrlpllve riitaloknie-n-nt freo . Machli.t-a ngw ut onrofilcv ""eiljll'llliin.aiid for i-ale, Oresou Afjricultural Works, M.tl.Kn OIIKr.ON. THE PARKER GUN, JCHD STAMP FOR CIRCULAR. PARKER BROS v WEST MER1DEN.CT. James F. Brown, Ugout for Willamott to Farcer IY. (l()i:Hi:t.LKIt AND DI'.ALXII IN itAOA. J) tint-, Pcrtiditu!, Newpaptr( l!ook aud " UBub.rrlptbin taVen fjr the WII.LAMRTTII FAHMIllt. and alt Ruttrn I'abltnttlou, ut 1'uIj llhir' price. Willamette Urtrt, eferddnortiithr Ht. O.adt Hotel, Kak't-uo City, Ort-un, Aptt. Kansa Central Land Agency. Kaiina, Ma, JOHN W HK1IKM. ftopr Ileal K.tate llutlnt; attnl for the Kanu I'll dflc ItallKayCn ' land, andpiiblltlur of the Kan i Wilrj( ,I,iviii, a i.aii rii-na ortu.lMjrlnx- Mtioni uui 71 ver auitiuo. it. vAiinnr. i I iuaw, MAIiIiORT & SHAW, ATTOJINEYS AT LAW. HALEM. OIIEOON. Oftlre ottrOra)' uu, aorner of Slate aad Llbrrtr fiet. Mul7-W, Oil. V.. Y. CIIAIHE, BltKVKT U.V1 late Surytt a C.S. Vulaulrer. OlUcr. liurbm'a block. p Ltlr. IletldrrK. Cornuierelal lrrrt halrm Orntm v7r r. Qirzmr TBoufTow, TTOKNKV AND Cll'NKU)H AT LAW. L Omr, In Patwn' Itrlek, lUI lr-t, Haltiui JH.-T, Lr. The Contest In Illinois Thi flirniun of Hlinol i arc It jilting it li:ittk in which tlu-y ilfM-rvo not only llio fiMipor.itltm ol'iill tho far mers) throughout tho land, but ulso tho supixirt of the whole nawipnpor Press. Tlio railroads iMKintiriRly pro clnim that thoy nuulo tho country, that thoy Incroascd tho value of tho land:, hut before the railroad!) wero the farmer wan, mid it Is a question for dlMi'U.sMion, whether IiIm condi tion was uot.evon then hotter than now. Ho had hut few menu of getting liis produce to market, then, tic can now only neud it ,to market by paying for Its transportation two thirds of vlmt he makes to get tho other third to 'a scnport. At tho saino tiino, tho farmer tues tho own ers or manipulators of tlio stocks of theio roads fuli of wealth and case. It is natural that ho should foeln dis position to adapt some means where by tlio enormous protlts of the rail road magnates shall bo reduced, and Ills own scanty earnings increased. This disposition is tho more earnest when tho railroads oponly defy tho laws of tho State. Honco tho far mers of Illinois not only have-moral right on their side, but also Justice and law, as well as their own Inter ests, and wo give thorn our hearty support in tlio contest which thoy aro now carrying on. Wo conceivo, too, that It Is but a mast short-sighted policy in the railroads to bo at enmi ty with tho farmers; tho bond of In terest between them is nuo of great strength, and thoy should act in unison, not opposition. Yet it Is ev ident should measures ho pushed to a hitter test that tho farmers and their allies will bo found largely In ii majority, nnd n contest commenced merely to got a right which tho laws of tlio State give, may cud in tho railroads being burdened with great er taxes, or deprived of privileges they now possess. Ar. 1'. Time. HKN'roN County. Tlio Democrat, June '21, rtiy.s tho building of tho far mom warehouse- in Corvallis has been commenced. It will bo '!() by !)0 feet, ono portion i!S feet high, tho remainder UU feet. A Hacking room l.lx'.MI will bo built underneath, with an S-ftiot celling. Tho sunt) paper mivs tho Spring llili warehou-e, built by tho farmers on Soap Creek, has been completed. It has u holding capacity ol ' lio.ooo bushels of grain, mill is built in tlio mint hiib.staiiti.il maimer. Tlio build hrg was erected mainly through tho agency ol tho Soap Creek Farmers' Club, ami stands us a monument of what tho farmers can do, if they but concentrate their energies. Corvallis College clo-etl its labors for tho school year of 1872-'7.J on tho 18th Inst. Tho baccalaureilto rormoii was preached on Sunday by Hev. K .1. Imwuc, of Salem. Tho annual literary mldrcr-s was delivered by M. V. Hrown, of Albany, and was a complete success. Tho anniversary address, by W. II. Gilbert, ol 1'ort laud, Is highly communded, us also tho address before tho Alumni Asso ciation, by Jtov. W. It. Stowart, of Salem. Snaki. A Pennsylvania papur says : Under tho Institution of "local op tion" laws In' nittlcstiako regioiir, there bus been an alarming Increase) In tho number of pcr-ous .stillorlng from tho bites of llm-o venomous reptiles, for which, as is well known, copious draughts uf whisky consti tute tho only antidote. (irituil Jury Itcjmrl, JI'M'Tmim, Is7.1. r Hie (iriihtl .lur) tl .M.iiioii lotinlt, Mate of Urt-gon. liutlnj; illini-iil ul twi-ntj-tle(JM hrnuylit to ntir imllit-. uil c-nniilc. til our labor-, ii'initlull) iu,iU'lliulnlluHiii2 rctmrt : lit. Wu li.tt r l,ltiil tlm Hl.tta I'lnitcn. lLir Ulnl lt'nl tlioMUU! ill Kuntl Ltiii.laloll, tin- itiM.lpline -t t-llt-lit , the emit hU In, ill lit, i-leaiily uinl nnlerl) uliU tho in.lUiitlon, iiilin-r ilitiiiblii nun luemt-ia ul Mit-riali nJnt W. II. WHtklixlx, U vifJit lu the .slulc. Wf lhlnk If mann'eil In Hie fiilnrt', uJ priM-nt, illstfJll of Iniiu' uii i-.ny,-ll will In? i aOlllt'u of ret cillli" I" tlm Slulc, 3(1. We ti ixl th- Count) lull In a illlipl'lj. tnl mill iinlit-atlhy rnmliliun, (althnuli mull) kepi lit the sliiiill'ortliUtoiiBlt; mill wmilil rcroniriifiid that it bt ilitjio.rU ul lo tho tt,t adtmilue, liy Iho i)-r olli.i-r, u mkiiiu the iK-w jail, hum In jrifi, oftuiiilriK'Hyi), It com)iltlt-.l. :iil. We MotiM re.lliilly rrimrt that the Court IIoum! uj jjil m Ur j cuiuilirili l t-onttnii tfl In a uli,tjiitUI mitilnr, rxtt-pt the roof bit bin ourjuiltliicnl .liouhl be hre prool. 4lh. Wo tinrl the county ottI(r,SI'rid unit (.'lerk, edlt-li-nt anil lioluat III the, ill clurge ot iht.tr dutlt-. Hrlt.tfi!llt llbmUleU, Mi'Rinr A. Waihc, Kon-nian. The Farmers' State Conuntlon. ttr.l'OUTOK THK KNOINKI'.HOr' THU w. r. c. a i.. co. KNoiNi:r.ii'ri Orrici:, ) V. V. C. A- L. Co. J JA'. . Goldsmith, President II'. F. C. & L. Co. DiiAitSitt: I hcrowlth bubtnlt the following statement as to points presented in your letter of January 17th: Int. The tot.il It'iit-lh (r tho Wllhmcttc Fall-t Oiiul mill l.tK-kn la Il.lAk) It. Cotilittnn of appiiueh tu llrt or noilli lock '200 n. Four lilt locks, 510 lift lontr, 40 wltlr, Ultlivp ,..., SIO n. C.m.il north tit pii.ntl lot-k, til) tn 100 ftvt ttlilo l.-JT.t It. liliarillock.'JIOfivt lon, Wtviilii.... 'J1U II. Cali.il nml Imln antith ot ctiartt lork, from p'Jtoi.M) IW-twIilo 1,07 H. Total , :t,(KH) ft. Tho four lift locks aro what are called combined locks, the lower cato of ouu serving its tho upper gate of tlio kick noxi oeiow. too wans aro U) foot In bight above the locks' floors, o feet wide ou tho top. with a batter of il Inches to the foot, lounded in nil cases ou solid rock, through which tho locks are cut. Tlio gu.ud lock wttll is 10 feet high above tho bed of the lock, with tlio same general dimensions, as tho lift locks. Tho first anil second locks (north) aro cut wholly In tho solid rock, ami have us their sides tho natural rock, with fenders bolted to it, except around and below tho gates where masonry is sot lu, for tho hollow quoins and supports for tho gates. The third lock is also cut lu tho sol id rock, hut thu walls rNo above the surface, and fenders, with a Kicking of three-Inch timber, are bolted aud tied into tho rock. Tho fourth lock is almost entirely almvo tho rock, and has walls of ma sonry on both sides. Tho guard lock Is also of masonry on one side, with the natural rock on the other, tintl fenders bolted to It, tho bearing for tho gates holng ma sonry, lloth above and below tho guard lock tho (II If serves for one side of tho canal, and tho timber work ou tho other side is founded ou tho bed rock, except about 7110 feet of the canal north of the guard lock, which is built on a stone wall eight feet wide ou tho top with u batter of it inches, mid from it to 15 foot deep, reaching the bud rock below. The gates are constructed substantially after tho plan of lhoe of the Motion gahela locks, being swung by suspen sion rods ii.i-.sing over Iron brackets on tho waIN, ami tied into tho ma sonry. Thoy do nut rest on rollers or tramways beneath, ami aro easily worked by ono man. In each gato are eight wickets, each I by IS feet, besides two culverts leading under tho sills to carry oil' tho mud and gravel, which might otherwise clog the gates. The stone of the masonry is a lino ground basttltits s.ind-stoue. exceed ugly hard and durable, Tho stone for the hollow miolns are of tho same character of rock, but of somewhat ditroreut texture, being obtained from the quarry of .Mr. Maker, on tho Clackamas river. Tho masonry Is laid lu hydraulic cement, with no Intermixture of lime. Above tlio guaid lock, the wall ou thu east side is of lumber, the bents live feet apart, and each bent ItoKcd to the rock by three Iron rods extend ing the full length of tho braces. Tho whole Umber wall itbovo and below the guard lock Is lilted with .stone. The iiiaxlmiiih depth of water Isil feet, and when the depth In tho canal above tho guard lock Is less (ban this tho guatd lock gates tiro oft oihiii, but lor greater depths boats must lock ' through. Hoais can now pass through with a depth of ITt feet ol wntOrou the upper I guaid lock gates, mid It Is designed to mill an aililllliiual rail, so thai tuoy can bo p.ts-ed through with 174 feet of water. When the water Is high er than this the river cannot bo safe ly navigated, andsiich Hoods rarely I ir-cur, and last only for a few days lu I tho year. H. j no iiiiiiner ol lineal icoi oi iiiavitiry ami wood-worn, exclusive offioo cubic yards of foundation walls, and fenders of tho live locks are as follows: Ma')tir , linmil ful ,t;;S Wow I tturk (i'aii.iI natli-j uhulu the Kiinnl liM-k 1,01'J Wowl nurk (c.in.il tall) In low tho truant lock , , 1,102 'Id. Tho amount of excavation, till ing, masonry etc., is as follows: i:iatalioii, nx-k, ruble jaril..l8,()'l loci-rink .. i,:mi " at tit .. I,tI7j r,i,r.w, ,Mu.iury M flam, cubic yard . HOO ' liil " . I, IS! ' ;M ' . 700 0,02" l-'lliliiK III iriilcli north of cuaril lock. cmriOM-l of rot k, 20,000 Tho materials expended aro as follows: Ctuiuit, tu J, U.I LuniU-r liik'-ttta.raikil wall, ftuifrr. rtr., ft I.MO.OOO Iron for ;;atr. It 1S0.7U0 ' hull for raiial walU, fender, etc., 0 71,000 This does not include iron used in machinery, derricks etc., or steel, but only tlic iron placed in tho works. lth. Tho wntorpower W almost un limited in quantity. Tho lowest depth of 'water, above the L'liard lock is -I feet G Inches, und j this only at extreme low water. Tho fall from low wntor nbovo. to low i water below Is 41 foot. Tho wator may no taken irom the basin nlmve tho guard lock, or taken from the canal below tho guard lock. In tho flatter case, a current would bo pro- viucii through tho canal, depending on the amount of water taken out, I wiin a (icptn oi tour icqt, ana a ctir I rent of two miles tier hour, tho vol ume of water would bo i28,ll0 cubiu j feet per minute, which, with it head oi .to tcei to anew lor imck water no low In rUes of the river, would amount to about l,(i()0 Jiorso power theoretical, or say l.'-'OO horse powor actual, if taken from the canal at tho lowest st'igo of water. This could bo doubled or (roblud by taking 1 16 water from nbovo tlm guard lock1. Between the gilartl lock nnd the entrance to the locks below tho Falls, there are over 2,000 feet of shore lino with a width back of from ono to three hundred feet, till well adapted for manufacturing purposes. Tho water can also ho taken from the canal along the west side of tho locks to the shoro lino below the looks. Cth. A dry-dock may bo built ut little cost on the west side or tho fourth or upper lock, between tho lock-wall una Iho blufT, using tho lock-wall and thu blutfas side walls. Tho depth of cutting would bo about six feet, and taking the length at 210 feet ami width at GO feel, tho exca vating would bo about l!,H00 yards. Assuming this ns rock, u portion of which, at least, Is earth, an approxi mate estimate of cost would bo its follows: a,S0OLaiilritriNiiri'rntAlhtiiiit?'i,V)..?7,0t Cute mnl tvniHl-Mork 1,600 I'lin liaatuif alto 1,000 The cost might not amount to more t'oiitliii'onclci 1,000 '1'ntiil i-nlliimti-.lcoM $IO,r00 than $7,000, but to make a mom accu rate estimate, It would be, necessary to make n survey ami determine tho relative amount of earth and rock in the excavation und also Urn quantity. Mb. The works I consider to be in excellent condition. All of tlm foun dations, of both masonry und wood work, tire ou solid rock, and tho lock floors nml canal beds also of nick. Kvery Kirllou of tlio work Is of the best material, and carefully built, and will require but little repair. 7th. For the llrst four or llvo months there will be necessarily somo work to bo performed which belongs more properly to construction than to maintenance. After that I think $i:i)0 per annum will cover the ordi nary repairs. I think tho masonry will last for an indelluito period, and tho timber work from eight to ten years, as all (ho lumber ticd him been carefully selected ami is of tho best quality. If iit-slrcd, slono wall could bo erected above tho guard-lock, with out suspending navigation. I think thatonoSuperiiilemletit.at from 100 to $I'T per mouth, and two lock-tenders, at sViO each, would la Htilllcieut to tend tho locks. 8th. There Is no question but that freight can be taken through the canal and locks at lower rates than by rail or through the works at Ore gon City. lu it densely populated country, with level grades, railroads may compete with steamboaLs, but when tho quantity Is comparatively small, and tho gr.idostichusaio on ordinary roads, the cost of river or canal navi gation Is not more than half what It Is by rail. hi the report of tlm Now York State Kngltieerfor lflil!) the following statement Is made as to comparative cost of freights by canal and rail: Ait mil flint li) i-iiiul,tiii-linliuKiur. iIijmi unit ii-iiilr f ho.ttskii. lo- it tit li-l Kn )i.n, with In- tiTr-t nn ..line, nml rjiini'l of f ri-tv nml lowing per Ion ur mill-,. . . ..Mil inlll.i Cirrhra piniit I ill " Tilth, I Its " Tol.it i-o.t M-r ton jut inllo, lor mnl Ki til " Tot n I rnt ilurlni,' )nr s(i.),1Si,i mnl IHI17. per tun, pi r Inllo, (ill tlm New t nrk Ci ntral Itailrnail 'J'J UO " Kile Itmlrouil -J I 2i) ' It Is true that tho comparatively small amount of freights in tho coun try would not Justify the above ratc, but thu diminished quantity would Ui more to the disadvantage of tlio railroad than of the river navigation. I think thai tho hulk of thu freight from the Willamette Valley must pass through the locks, but for soir.a time the opposition of the railroad will take oil it orliou of II, nnd Unto will bo required to develop tho coun try. At present I doubt whether thu trade will lie sufficient to pay interest ou the amount expended in construc tion. I have not, however, a suffi cient knowledge of tho buslncs.1 of Oregon to euuble mo to form an opin ion. Itcspoctfully yours, Isaac W. Smith, Kuglneer and Huieriutcndeut,