JOHN HUGHES,
DEALER IN
aROCERlES.
Bacon, Lard, Butter, Cheese, Flour, Grain, Feed
AND DOMESTIC PRODUCE OF ALL KINDS.
Paints, Oila and Window Glass, American and English
Coach Varnishos, English and American Furniture Var
nishes, Gum Shellac, and-Japan Varnishes, White
Damar and Asphaltum Varnishes.
CASTOR OH.. LAUD Oil,, NEATS FOOT OIL,
ELEPHANT OIL, DOOriSH OIL, l'OI.AIt OIL,
LINSEED OIL, l'UTTV COLONS' LAJIPI1LACK,
OHA1NINO TOOLS, Jtc Ac.
WALL PAPER,
Lime and Plaster, Hair, Nails, and Shingles.
Wholesale and Retail. Cosh paid for all Kinds of Merchantable Produce
JyXt JOBC3ST IJXTG-IJBS. '
COOKE, DENNIS & Co.
MANUFACTUItK
SASH, DOORS, BLINDS
MOlcUXDLSS,
RUSTIC. AND ALL TIIK LATEST HTYI.R9
of lndde and outride flnl-li, oftliu bct quality
vf clear cedar lumber ocr uu'd In Salem,
i
AND
TURNING,
DONE WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH
CEDAR LUMBER
AM)
SlitiifrlcM ltr Sulo CIcii.
Ileal or Work lit Lowml I'rlco
rific glvo u a call, eo our flock, learn our
iiilcc.audglvou)oiiririler.
Special attention gleii to orders from rARM
BUS, and Information freely cltiu gratia to our
palrou.
Miop nno Illock East of the C'hcmckita Iloue.
JcW-tf
MARBLE WORKS,
MONROE A STAIGER,
Dealer in
MONUMENTS,
ANU
Head and Foot Stones.
ALSO,
MANTELS
AND
Furniture Marble
XO 01YXI2R.
ADUKKSS:
.t.J.SIOMIOI!.!
Skm, Oregon, f
i wnr. rtaigeii,
1 Albany, Origon.
iioifty
111.0. II, JO.NCl".
1. M. TATIinfOS.
Jones & Patterson,
Real Estate, Insurance,
GENERAL AGENTS.
COMMERCIAL HOTEL HUIUDINO,
Salem, Oregon.
SPECIAL ATTENTION CIIVEN TO THE role
or Heal Ettato In all parta of Oregon.
A largo amount nf cry delroblo CITY PHOP.
EltTY, conflating of Duelling Iloutc, Lot, Half
Illock and Mockr, Stone, Jte,
....Alto....
Impnned FARMS and Valuable Uncultivated
lalltk In tbc State
i rairio and Timber Land, iltuatid In tlio licmo-
.. ... ,i. -,...
.Alio..
Renting and Lratliig of all kind of propirly.
Collection or Claim. Ac, Jtc, will rewrite prompt
attention, .ii
AOENTS FOR
The .Mutual Lifo Insurance Co.
Oi' INo-w York,
....AND....
The Union Fire Insurance Co.
Oi" an ITrnnclHoo.
.W For complete, deacripllon of property ap
I'ljattliclr office. M
IST" Correspondent promptly aniwcnd, and all
luormatlon gireu free of rliarce.
Addrc., " JO.NKS A 1'ATTERSON,
OctSs-y. Uoi S'tO, Salem, Orccon.
SXE31
FLOURING MILLS.
Best Family Flour,
Baker's Extra, XXX,
Superfine, and Graham,
Middlings, Bran, Shorts,
CONSTANTLY ON HAND.
Highest Price in Cash
PAID roB
WKBAT, AT AXA TXMV.
B. O KINNBV.
Agent 8. F. M. Co.
WILL
CHINA NUT OIL,
COAL Oil,,
HAW AND DOILED OIL
ft. D. BOON,
liEALEn IS..
BOOKS, STATIONERY
MUSIC,
Periodicals, Newspapers,
Wall Paper,
....AM).,,,
Musical Instruments
THE CEI.EIIItATLI)
BURDETT ORGANS
....AMI,..
Hallett and Cumston's Pianos
Aiwa on hand
Tlicrc Instrument aro FAVORITES with all
minlclan. and thl More I the ruortof all who
Wlfll to 1)11) (IoodcllC!l,
ii. d. noon,
StMcrtriet.Sah.nl.
Dec-1.
OREGON
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
TIIK UNDKIIHIftMiU WILL CO.1I
nienco rollclting fur a
Business Directory
THE STATE OF OREGON
In a few day j aud, to make It uccelul, rripcct
fully risiucit tbe co operation of all person Inter-
cted III the mlfarc of tbc country. The State
lia now- reached, that podtlou when a jiatly rum-
mary of ber progrc I ticcceary, benco the alur
or a work which will combine, lu a condinred
form, all matter of public lutcrcft.
Tbe work In contemplation will embrace apt n
c rl kctch of tbe State i lie pbj lcal arpcel, gcol
0,7, climatology, botany, roology, commerce,
manufacture!, roclctli, public building, produc
tion, and all other inbjccl on whlib information
I required.
Tbc work will be Mutinied with tkclchc ol
omc ortho leading proinlniut iccucry of the
State, and it compilation will be under the charge
of
J. Mortimer Murphy, Esq.,
Wlioo recent work on Wtfhlngton Territory ha
bem highly comnunded b) the pre and public.
Tbo BUSINESS DIRECTORY of ich town
aad city will be complete ; and that, w lib ketchc
of each place, thould make It iinaluablo to tbe
mercliant, fanner, and mechanic.
A an admtltlng medium, it will be the belt jet
Introduced in tbo bute.a It will be of rucb Im
portance that It will alwaj t be retained in a prom
inent poilllon for reference.
The rate of adurtl.lng w 111 be a. follow :
One Vmse.....'
Half race ,0
Card 5
rr Adverllcr Uklng one pige will reethe a
copy of the book grtll.
Price of the Work will b....3.50
f- The book will be dlitrlbated on erery
route oftrarel aid In .rery pubUe plae. In the
country.
s. j. Mccormick,
PUHI.IBHHB,
106 Front street,
Oct. SO, 1.71- POBTI.ANB.
AMETTE FARMEE.
SMcm Farmer.' Club.
Salem Farmers' Club met nt Sim
nions' school 1ioum in Salom IntN,
Mny 17, 1S7D.
The resolllttnil illsiniwl mu, l(,..
splvcil that llio I'lii'itpcst inotlo of
tlirniliiiijj prain Is to cut it, haul it
on sleds without biiulinj: and Mtde
oil' to endless chain machine.
M. l'lsko slid the farmers of Linn
county practiced this method largely
nnd had found It the cheapest, lie
thoughton small farminbig machine
nteupall the prollts. Tlio co-t per
bushel was as high as lti to L'O cents,
Tlio method described In the roolu-
tion was much cheaper.
L. U. Jtulson did not wish to op-
pose tho resolution altogether, but
thought small crops should bo put In
tho ham, and thrashed nt conven-
i,,, f , , , ,
leiice nil feed the straw to stock.
J.l. Colo said the plan proposed
had decided advantages; three men
could pick up ten acres In a tbiv with
I.-.I.,., t.,.J ...i.n it , ,. , .. ,
barle. forks, w lie It took four to
oiiitt ns mucli. Tlio grain could be
saved bettor by forks than by bind-
ing. A three horso iiower will thrash coiiipnrlnjr tlio tllllerent methods or
.'iO bushels nor ilnv ii funk ..niiu.ir. wrll? forgraiii. Thought large nm--',
uus'uslertli . It took com par- vMwi Uo 1h,s( ,,.,u, wrk o,,.
umei.view iiuiKis to iiireMi wim u
small machine; tlita wasn decided
ndvnntnir,. in iw.lrrt.lw.rl,,.,.,! i r.
had tried stnrln.' L'mln iinilirmlnxl
i ..... i. . U? . f '
" "'"'"' "llt "lOMgi" 'i was iniicn lh0 ordlnnry way. Said he hnd
better to thresh lu the Held. On large ' taken both kinds to the milW, mill
farms It was not praclicnble to store mlllerscould iiotillstinguish between
grain in the sheaf. ,,l,"i tlioug'it that headed grnin
T-n. him , , 'made us much Hour ami as good, nntl
J. Mlnto said ifho wasn large grain lllmk. moro i)ra ml ,r,H.s. Ho
producer ho should practice this' liked to have plenty of bran and
method, but storing gniln unthresh-1 shorts, ami wheat fully ripe, made
ciliii tho barn seemed to him the,"1""'- ' -II--l this was tlio
........... i i hi .1 . main objection the millers had to
most economical method, as the straw liemk,(, JKraln. .r,,y ,,,lit, a ,,,
was practically worth $5 per ton, nnd .more for tho Hour than for early cut
themnuuro niado by this plan wivs' grain. Tho country was constantly
nl.t.... ni.i.. ir ii.,. ...i. i ...i.. Imnrovlnir In new methods of farm
Ji.,,i.i i ...i -.ii.. ..... i... i r t.
should bo cut fully ten lny.s before It
mi? uciiu ripe, it woiiiu iiiuku uoi- as ciicapiy as possune. nciico ma
ter Hour and the straw wotild inako'chlnery was necessary, ami farmers
better feed. He contended that grain ' l,ml ,'1t'l, obllgedlo use it Instead of
., ,., ii... i . ii i muscle, becauso hired labor wtis not
thus cut would make mom Hour per 'niwnys'nttnlnablo ttien neede.l, nnd
bushel. Ho had a crop of whent that miiiicIi or It was almost worthless.
weighed (iO lbs jier bushel measured. , On largo farms, tho header aud largo
Die inillor thought it extraordinary. '
II. wus not sure but the plan of eut -
ting ami unuiing umi stacKing matlu
tho best wheat.- II. v ciittlnir enrlv
and letting tho wheat stand In shock , the iiiIIUt, to get all, paid the extra r,
sometime, It finl.shed tho rlnlnKift,, Srgrff Um" b,,0H,,,
process. Ills renter had stacked -. iL.r(. i,ml cut his grain with
loose grain last year, and it did not cratllo ami thought ho could do It
do well, tho miller refused to buy a cheaper than with machinery, lie
U.WI..H ..ni .... ni,,.,,i r tu .... i.n belluvctl lu cutting, binding, s hock
portion of It on account of its not be- , ,, misl.llll,,:,, l(,M, f,H grain
Ing well cured. f()r Ht.c,,i 1,.,,,, it looked better and
A. P. Davidson The farmers of ho believed was better than most of
Hiissln, and other countries bv long h uclglilMirs. He sold forlMl, when
.vl,f.llllll.nU Imvi. !.... I.. II
i' - r... ...w ..,..
elusion that to thrash grain iinmcdl
ntely Is not the best plan. Wheat
nlwavs went through a sweating pro- The tpiestloii ho thought was tenable
cos, and If threshed Immediately It " '" , l''u'!,iVa,SH-. (,'r"1" l,",ll,, .'
wouh. sweat. u the bin an,. If In largo toW, .'Ja.'.Sk's
bulk it would have a tendency to twlco as fast us bludlngautl as clean,
must. That did not make bo good .and tho grain carefully placed on
Hour nor would It como up well thus Mods, could bo put throusli tlio ma-
n.mslinil Tin. 1,1,111 ,,r sinrkliif- wns . t-'hluo us rciidily iis bound grain. It
thrashed, l Ho p an or stacking m ,,, ot ant )(.h ,,,, to,ircl.s, j,
prcrerablonltogethcr, then the wheat n this way than ir stacked, licnco
matured Itself and wns belter fitted , binding, shocking and stflcklng worn
for nil practicable purposes than unv I wasto of time and money lost. Ho
nil,.,. , .bad known somo parties that thresh-
,1 ... in ii . i C(1 tl,ulr K"'1" with hori-es, and It
J. A. Colby said ho could take up j onlv c0,t fiiem ton cents per bushel
twlco ns much with barley forks ns to do so, nnd tho grain wus not crack
could bo bound. Two yenrs ngo In' oil. nnd henco wns better for seed,
lu tholr section they used n small1 l-Mr. Kdltor, wo hayo uliiied to
mach.no to great advantage. Hut a - &',, ns'oVSffi'ns MS
small machine to lie made prolltnblo'olways remembering your injuiic
ulinnlil ho run with irond lienvv linrsos tion to liiako no loilL'-uIndcil rennrU.
light horses would not pay. Twol"?,,:tl , ,,,.,,
Imiivv Mi'in run lii.i.i nliAnt ... 1. 1 ' M- l''I0 M1 ' MllltO WerO llp-
en span run tlmonbout would 1Klllltw n TOII1,itt.0 to Linifur with
thresh ns much ns l!(M) bushels or other clubs on tho wool ijucstlon.
wheat per day, aud moro of oats. T. U. Davidson, h. 11. Jtidson, nnd
Mr. Wngoner-Cun looso grain bo J- OiU;, weroiipjMiliitedncoiiimlt-
put through n mnchlno profitably?- jjj" '" """ u,u i-"'' "' ""
Tho fern in tin; hills nmdo loose grain ; T,70 res,)lutlon for tho next regular
imppictlcable with him, nod a small meeting Is tho following:
machine could not do tho work. A Hcsolvcd, That dairy farming enn-
Kinnll iiimcIiIiio uttuiiiiiteil to thresh ! not ',0 ,nU(, BCon'Hy successful III
sma I matin no niiLiiipiLij 10 tnrcsn i ((J Wi.nllll.tu, vnlloy.
for him and wns soinu two days y, j,, Davidson, Koc'y.
threshing something overn hundred
bushelH, tho inachlno was out of re- jAMiW Hiuiokh' I-'diituni Juihch
palrn good it of tho time, und Until- JlrooksdleU richer than hu wns silli
ly tho owner run n mule through tho ised to hayo been. ()fth property
machine and wont homo d.sgt.tod. jHMi" ?llr?i S
Ho thought grain should bo bound, m.Wspaper nnd reul estitto is worth
nnd nlarge miichlne used when there . fU.V),0O(i tho Fifth-uvonuo house $00,
wusmuch fern. " oOO, nnil tho I'acHlo Uinds foot up
,. , -,., ,, i$li.,000, liesldes tho Washington
Tho Secretary said ho giicsied Iio1Iin ... Tho "ixirsoiuil nnd mixed"
was something or an old fogy in some
things. Ho had followed tho old
plan of cutting and binding, and
stacking. He tudseen others thresh
loose grain that was stacked, but he
could not bo Induced to follow the
plan, ns It took u notnl six horM Hia
ohlno nil day to throlf.'OU bu-lu-ls of
wheat thus iiinnHgi'ri. Tlio same
niaehhic would thnisli twice as imicli
botuul gniw, and it wn" much easier
handled, lie thought the mUckcd
wn t lo a tiling' was not always the
snfost or the best. Oregon wheat was
beiilniilng to degonerato, and it was
dlllleult to obtain good Hour nt the
mill-. Wheat thrc-hed in the Held
was so dry sometimes that a machine
would faiily grind It. Such wheat
was not good for seed, nor are the
cracked grains .-o good for Hour. It
was the Interest ofOregoiiiaus to keep
up tho reputation of their wheat.
Oregon nilsed the best wheat in the
world. There was a much greater
waste In threshing loose grain, many
WI" vimlM fmm ,,!l 'i,J,1' ""
touched. Ills own observation cou-
vlll.(M, ,,,, mt (ll0 wlsto , llinwh.
ng Iooh grain and extra time in
threshing it would more than pa.
fl,r WmllMBmicI stacking, ami If grain
was nicely stnckeil, It would stand
,l0 ni1 ,, wn9 i t-ot lior safer
tlmn ilinwliltiurlntlio He Id
-Mr. Wltzel made a lengthy
peech,
er done by them anil saved time to
the farmer and his family. Inclined
Id think tlio lieailer tlio clioiincst iiutl
ooiitendetl that grain hciided could
liiotlw told from grain taken care of
management. Ho wanted to keep
,,.,-,, tlie times, ami dooverything
nmi'iiniPri eneaper iiian any
0II!1ilta R"! WWi'i
hine. Was enabled to get S.i cents
because ho keit natt at liome. and
01 ITS muni KOI mil Ml Cl'lll-,
Tlio President thotiirht tlio discus
sion hail taken u witlo range, but was
Had to see nil tho points discussed.
property, comprised In the last pnru
LTnnh of tho will, embraced among
tho lKisse.ssions a lurgo amount of
sUK'k In various Western rullrond
cempaules. Mr. Jl rooks' fortuuo at
tho time of his death was not lens
than $1,2.70,000.
t
llitj insr through Agents.
Indi:i'i:nih:nti:, Oui:o.v, 1
May i!,7, 18711.
Kdltor Wlllami tic r.irmcr:
Thu various und well printed arti
cles written by leading agriculturists
over the little State of Oregon, show
beyond u doubt the firm and determ
ined purpose of tho fanners to resist
oppression of any gr.uk and charact
er; and thinking that it might prove
of some interest to tho numerous
rentiers of your paper to know what
Polk county Is doing In the matter,
sutllce it to say, that wo have three
Oranges of the Patronsoriltisbandry,
one at Oak Point, one at Monmouth,
thu other nt lluetia Vista, all inline
working order. I longsluco saw the
necessity of farmers organizing, yet
tho how was a Mrloiw tptostion for
mo to decide. IT farmer. were to
organize in a manner that would pro
tect their Interest, capital and mo
nopolies would become oft'ended ;
hence n war between labor nnd capi
tal, either at the ballot bov or the
bayonet. Viewing the situation
from this standpoint, the farmer
hnvo remained perfectly silent, until'
capital has become almost uucoutroll
able. Tho Inwscnnnot belnroived It
bribes Juries, biases rulings of Judge
of law, And Its way to tlio legislature
thenco to Congress, ami shields till
grade of crime, from defalcation to
cold blooded murder; and, ir farmer
ask for tho law to be enforced cap
ital stands a the shield of the
ancient Unman, and wards oil' tho
divinely appointed darts of Justice.
And now fellow fanners, It Is for you
to say how long these grave wrong
shall be committed. Von clothe all
and feed all, you build palaces for the
rich, the foumlitlloii of which costs
more money than the product of your
farm lu a whole year; you furnish
him with u Hue carriage and silver
mounted harness tti drive and wear
away tho hours In which he is not
employed lu planning Mchcmrs to
cheat the laborer out of his haul aud
honest labor.
Now, it is not argued (hat fanners
should organize so us (o bo oppivs.slvo
to any, or that they should become
politicians further than to command
Just laws. Neither aro We to suppose
that tlio catiM) of hard limes is to bo
found rolely in any one cause, but in
u variety of causes, for wo suH'cr our
grain to bo handled by a hair dozen
spccul.ito.is, each one taking u prollt
ill our expense, and likewise in what
we buy; lake for Instance the article
or machinery, (for farmer aro like
tho iiiuto that danced among the-goslings-
every fellow takes euro of
himself). When a farmer wants u
thresher or header, ho goes to somo
agent and buy, generally tho near
est agent ho sends to Portland, nntl
bo lu turn to Sau I'miicl-co or tlio
blast. Of couro all get n per cent.,
und thu farmer pays tho bill. Now I
Insist that wo hnvo no tiso for theso
inachlno ngenls.as they an; no benellL
to tho iimmifuctiircr, and a great det
riment to thu fanner.
When farmers want machinery,
let them .send direct to tho manufac
turer, aud ask him Just to knock oil'
that '.'.7 per cent, thai hu gives fo his
agent to tell thu farmer that he needs
a machine.
It Is needless to say that the man
ufacturer would not act with us, for
really ho has no moro iiso for tho
agent than wo have, for think that
ho would prefer having his machin
ery sold before 11 leaves thu shop, us
to have it scattered over tho .Stale to
bo peddled out by agents, und 1
would llku to sco thoshapuurit man
ufacturer that would refuse nu order
Tor ten threshers, ten percent, lu ad
vance, und thu Imllaucu to coiled on
delivery. This, tho Patrons of Hus
bandry proposo to accomplish, and
wudou'toxpfcttoitccomplishit with
outopitosltlou.for woaru well sal MU d
If this rulo hud been adopted ten years
ngo It would have saved to Oregon
In tho price or machinery uloiiu ouu
million dollars. Hut It Is argued
that thu fanners havo not tlio Intelli
gence to do tholr own business, and
as it little pun from Portland u few
days ago told ouo or my nolghlsirs,
that tho farmers hail not tho Intelli
gence to charter a vessel and send it
itmd of wheat to l.iverHol. If that
wore tho hardest matter that wo
hnvo to uttend to, I am sure that it
would bo soon nccompllNhcd, but wu
hnvo to touch Just such chaps as ho
to plow, and we rear that (hoy not
only lack tho Intelligence but tho
brains. L. W. Hoiikutmo.v.
Tlio Chicago At'uv, which existed
for threo months Inst year, squan
dered $28,000.
Salem, Sept. Htf