"WILLAMETTE FARMER.
rv
JOHN HUGHES,
STATU STHKKT, S.ILK.U, oui:;o.,
DL'ALEK IN
GKOCIIKIE
Bacon, Lard, Butter, Ohcosc, Flour, Grain, Feed,
AND DOMESTIC PRODUCE OP ALL KINDS.
Paints, Oils and Window Glass, Amorican and English
Coach Varnishes, English and American Furnituro Var
nishes, Gum Shellac, and Japan Varnishes, Whito
Damar and Asphaltum Varnishes.
OAsTOIt OIL, I.A11D OIL. NIIATS TOOT OIL,
ELUPHANT OIL, DOGFISH OIL. POLAIt OIL,
LINSEED OIL, I'L'TTY IOI.OHS' I.AMPHI.ACK,
CHAINING TOOLS, ftc Ac.
WALL PAPER,
Limo and Plaster, Hair, Nails, and Shingles.
Wholesale and Retail. Cash paid for all Kinds of Merchantable Produce.
Jy27f JTOKE2ST I-ITTG-DEIIHS.
COOKE, DENNBS&Co.
MANUFACTITI1E
SASH, DOORS, BLINDS
Rl'STIC, AND ALL TDK LATP.ST STYI.Etf
of Ind.le uml out-ldc fliil.1i, of ilic bet imnllly
if ilcar ccdnr hunbtr cut uml In Salem,
11 vmjm mil
TURNING,
DONE WITH NEATNKSS AND DISPATCH
CEDAR LUMBER
AMI
HliliiU;lcN lii Halo Clictip.
IIct of Work ul Lowest I'ritc
I'leaio clve " rati. co our itock, learn our
prlccf . and cho u jour ordera.
Special attention clwii In order from FAUM.
nts, and information freely glu-u j-ratli to our
i 'Urou".
shop ono Mock Kaet of lliu Chcmekctil Hiiufc,
Jitt tf
MARBLE WORKS,
MONROE & STA1GKK,
Dealer In
MONUMENTS,
AND
Head and Foot Stones.
ALSO,
MANTELS
AMI
Furniture Marble
xo ort.iii.
ADDHKSS
A.J. JIDMIOK, I
salem, Oregon, I
AV.n. NTAi:r:u,
Albany, Oregon.
iimUy
Ml. II. lllM'f,
I. 'I. I'ATTI.II-OS.
Jones & Patterson,
Real Estate, Insurance,
....AM
GENERAL AGENTS,
lOHMIMtliAl. IIOTCL liril.DIMl,
"nleiii, Oreuon.
CPIH'IAL ATTENTION fllVK.V TO TIIK al
I J of lti'l Kxnlc In all parIK ol Oregon.
A lir,;, amount of eiy dolrnhlo 1'ITY I'KOIV
lilTY, con. I. tin- or Dcllliij Hou-en. I.otr. Hull
Mock, nnd Uluik. btorc.. Ac.
.....1o....
ImnruxM r.vHMS nnd Vatunbl.. t'rfulllmloil
'ii.'i T1"'.1 imleT IJinil, iltnntal In the bi-t !
'.illth.ln thi'St.iU',
. .Abo....
HiiitllU mil l.r.irluir of nil Ui d of propi rty.
t nlKclloiiof CLilim, Ac, Ac, 111 iicilopioiupt
aiunlloii.
agents Vint
The Mutual Life Insurance Co.
Of Now "Yurie,
....AMI....
The Union Fire Insurance Co.
Of Sun .FVtuielsu'o.
Vtf Kor comnKtu di.crlptloni or property ap.
I T at thrlr onirc.
iV Correi'iiondeiit. promptly an.wi rid, and all
i.l'irm.itlou j;iun fne of charte.
ViMreaa, JUNKS A. I'ATTKHMIN.
"' livv. llox V'i. Salmi. Orei.1111.
FLOURING 31 ILLS.
Best Family Flour,
Baker's Extra, XXX,
Superfine, and Graham,
Middlings, Bran, Shorts,
CONSTANTLY ON HAND.
Highest Price in Cash
1'AID FOtt
WHBAT, AT AIA .TIMES.
0 KINNKY.
Ai-mt s. F. M. Co.
"u .m. (pt.itr
CHINA NTT OIL,
COAL OIL,
HAW AND HOII.KD OIL.
H. D. BOON,
IlLAIIlt IN.
BOOKS, STATIONERY
:& usic,
Periodicals, Nowspapors,
Wall Paper,
....AMI....
Hlusical Instruments
Tin: n:i.i:iuiATi:i
BURDETT ORGANS
....AMI...
Hallett and Oumston's Pianos
Alnnjuoii bald.
Tluc liiflruiri-nta aio r.WOIilTKS wllb all
niiinlcliiiMinil till stoiu Utliu rcfort of all w bu
Ml to buy UuoiIk i heap.
II. D. IIOON,
State htrint, Hirtein,
Dili!
OKEGON
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
mm: u.Di:itsriM:o wn.i. o.n-
X mencu olli.iiliin' for n
Business Directory
-of
TZ2X2 STATE OF OXIEGOXt
In n few d ij j and, to make It nifci'i"ful, rcf port.
fully rejiiet the co operation or nil ivimia Intir
eted In tliv Mt-lfuro of tho rouiilry. The State
ha now re.iched that po.llloii ben a jearly rum
inary of ber proxreni l mcrrfar)', litiiru the ahie
f ,1 oik uhlili will combine, In a riiiuli r.eil
toiin, all m.itti r of public lutereH,
Theuorklu (outeinplulton lll embrace a ecu-
irJl vkelcli of tku btatu; He pb)rlcal atptilf, fiol
o,'y, climatology, botany, roology, lomnicne,
manufacture", rorlillin, public bulldliiK', iih1iic
tlou, and all other .ubject on uhkh liifunn.itlon
l rcqulrcj,
thcunrk w III be lllu.ti'iud '.villi rkitthmor
omu of the leading prominent scenery of the
State, and It compilation u III be under the thar;;e
of
.1. Mortimer Murphy, Ksq.,
Whoe remit ork on Wa.blnXluu Territory l.n.
bit'iiblchlyromUKUdnlb) Iheprin and public
The IlfSINi:S DIUKCT01IY of tach tou
n.ul city III be compute; and that, with rkclchc
of cadi place, should make It linaliiahle to the
nu reliant, farmer, and meihaule.
A.aaadnriMu.'m.-diuin. itlilbcthub.t).t
Introduod In tho State, a. It will be of riich lui-
portancotl.atltIIIala)borttali.idlna prom
Incut po.ltlou for n ten nee.
The rate or adiirtbln." will b" a fillovr ;
One I'muo
lliilf I'nu-e
Curd
lilt
. 10
J-Sr-Adurtb-crtakliizoiie uto wlllrurttea
mi.y or iIh Ikw prati. '
""" h. oru M, ,.e. ,,.,
tr- Tho book will bu ilUUIbutid oil tun
r..uteortriMl aid In oiry public place lu the
country.
s. j. Mccormick,
IL'ULISIIKR,
105 Front street,
o. ii.. is: roiiTi...Mi.
AX KSSAY,
Iliad before ike AummIIIi' Fariiur' Club. Mar al.
1ST3.
Prove all Uiinijn; toldant Unit iriMi
t' jlOOtt.
In carrying out this Injunction, it
is not necessary tliu tench Individual
should personally test all things in
order to determine what is good and
what is evil. It Is proper for every
ono to avail himself of the experi
ence of other.. It would he well, In
deed, If people would hold fast only
to the things they know to be good,
and reject tho things they know to
be evil. Such is not the cao with
nearly all who Indulge in useless and
pernicious practices; such as chew
lug and smoking tobacco, drinking
Intoxicating liquors gambling, &v.
Farmers generally look upon their
occupation as degrading to sonic ex
tent; or, at least, not so honorable as
the occupation of the merchant and
professional man; hence it is not un
common to see farmers, when they
gather a Tew hundred dollars, leave
the farm, move to town, and engage
in the mercantile business. Such
experiments generally result in fail
ures. Farming should be considered
as honorable as any other occupa
tion, as It is certainly the mot u-e-ful.
A good maxim In any liu-Iuess,
to succeed, N, I lung on. Tho-e who
get faint-hearted will surely lo-e.
In farming, the same rule is true.
Do not stop when prices are low. If
you have a diversity of crop, and
one of them Is low in price, the
chain o.snro in favor of some one of
tho other crops biinglngn good price.
It Is a fact that when a special crop
gets so low as to bo unpiolltablo to
raise,iiuiltttu(lcs who first rushed
Into It will now rush out of It and
let it alone. A few year ago wool
went down very low, and everybody
hastened to get rid of their sheep.
i In less than two years afterward
wool enmo up again, and now nearly
everybody wants to buy sheep. Wo
believe those who slick to one good
practice, through all seasons and
prices, will inako (ho mot money,
provided they are out of debt. It
mti.-t not be argued that, hecuu-c
farm products are low, farming is
not a ilo-lrnlile occupation. Many a
firmer, murmuring at his lot and
Just getting his living, envies the
'mechanic who makes $(HI0 or $l,noo
a year. Yet the latter may have to
spend It nil to live, may be thrown
Out of work at any time, with no re
siiine for a living, while for the far
mer, under fear of no materor land
lord, getting his living as he goes
from tho laud he holds or po.-.c.scs,
the chances are, nt the end of the
year he can show ns comfortable a
balance, even If small, as tho me.
chanlc. Tho primary purpose of a
farm N to furiiMi a home, a living, a
support ; and not -o much a profit
besides a support.
A largo portion of tho American
people are rcstlcv, roving, scatter
ing; driven about from place to place
I by every spring fre-het of popular
excitement. Their tloslro forqulcl:'
gains nun ineir perpetual motion
wear them out prematurely. They
build houses for llf.'-tlme residences,
and aro ready to sell out their newly-built
homestead a week after It Is
llnMicd for, perhaps Icis than It
,1'0 - t 1111(1 Oil' tllC.V go, perpetually
swinging arollllll the Circle III ell roll
Ic change. To the pleasures of home
and neighborhood attachment, toto-po-e
of feeling and content of mind,
and love of objects around them,
they are -Iraiiger. The fruition of
(reei they phlllt tllC.V llirely WitllCS
()fn their p0einlW, they llllVO
nothing uomc'iiiic u giiuiucii uieir
heirt-. 'I he gtrdens they layout,
the furniture they buy, and the
hoti-C'i they build, allord no home
loving niemorie-. After wearing
out half a lifetime In perpetual
cmig0 of habitation, W itll llttloglllll
mid great los-, they see their past
ci,rceru nothing Ii,;;.x ffi '
pur o0 niwi'u, muir imiltk imi-
II .1 I .11. ......S,t .,.. il... ..I..,,..
1 eu anil iii-ii-""in.w, muj "nini
tier to fate, and accept in moody de
spair their abject situation; and oft
en, with conscience henred and mor
als wrecked, without friends or
home, they 'ettlo down too late, and
'die among strangers.
i I'okti:ii.
Former lla)s In Scotland.
In those daa Scotland would have
been a rich tleidtbrFatherSIathew's
labors. Habits of drunkenness were
common alike to rich and poor. Thev
were associated with good-fellowship,
and were tenderly dealt with
even by the Church. The orgies of
OsbaldNtouo Hall, graphically de
scribed in Hob li'oi, found their
counterparblu many a Scottish man
or. The period we speak of was six
ty years ago, when the old haceha
allau rhyme,
Hi' wlni poe to Intl. ko. to lui! silier.
J'all- ii- ilio Iwmh il.i, uml die. In ivtolvr;
Hill lie tli.it bus In luil. pv. In lutl mellow.
MM1 a Imiy. J..1I.V llie, ami ilie mi linnt
fellow ,
was (pioted half in earnest, as apolo
gy for the excesses which wealthy
and respectable hosts, under tho
guise of hospitality, literally forced
upon their guests, when the cloth
was drawn and the ladles bad aluui
doncd the dinner-table to their riot
ous lords ami masters.
I have heard mv l.illii.iv m,ii., tli.m
once, relate what happened on such
nu ti-i.isinii wucii lie was one oi lite
actors, lie had been dlnlmr with u
nai'tY of I'ii'lil or Inn i-niillninitii ,m,l
a fw iadiesat theiuxurlouscouutrv-
seat oi a Iriend who had shown him
much kindness. When the ladles
withdrew, the host, having caused
the butler to set out on Hut tnliln Imi
doen bottles of port, sherry and
cuii-ci, ucicu inoiioor, put tho key
in ins pockci, anil siki to ins guests,
"(Jentlenieii, no shirking to-night I
Not a man leaves this room until
thee bottles are emptied."
No remark was made in reply, and
the wine nassiiil riinml. Mv t, f l. .
drank three glasses, the utmost limit
to which I have ever known him to
go, though he habitually took u glass
or two of sherry after dinner. At
the fourth round hciias-cd the bot
tles Without lllllllir. UN luisl m.
monslratedat llrst in Jest, then in a
hair-angry lone, when the recusant
persisted. Thereupon my father tip-
liroMI'lllltir II flillll wlllltllU' tvllli.l.
opened on tho lawn, only a few feet
below II, threw open sash and leaped
out, followed by tlueeor four other
guois.
This enraged their host. As the
fugitives looucd back they saw bliu
upset thedlnner-talile with a violent
kick, smashiii!' Imltliw mui irlnsiw
and declaring with an oath, that, if
iney (ikiii i cnoe loiirinu nun wine,
nobody els should.
The deserters joined the ladles In
the drawing-room, but the host did
Hot rcillllll'.'ll' mill lliv fitlw.iv iiIumiI.
lug conspirator, lost," ami never re
gained his friendship. Mlmitlr
JllHIflflf.
Crlmliial HlatMlcs.
There weie in prNon In tho I'nlted
States on .Mine I, Ih70, a total of .?',
!M)I prr-ous, thus distrihuteil:
Tnliil iilf)iii'M :t.".nl
Nutiw wiiiii n'.ji;
Nl'KllHM . ... S.IIVS
I'oivln boil) S.7.H
I',,, 'I lli.im'iilb.li 'tf.v.H.i.il
NiillMi r'lllojMiiuilaliioi . '.. lll.l.Lt
i.in " I.sii.nwi
I'nii'lvii Imrn " .V'''i,W.I
This shows that ''wsumlng all lu
nrl-oii to be criminal-) Miere Is nt
least one criminal in every .','"-'
our whole population, oue'lnever"
1,711 of our native population, one lii
every (:I7 of our foreign bom popu
lation, nnd one lu every HO.'i of our
negro population. Asa measure of
absolute numbeis, these llguresaro
worth nothing, but they give us rel
ative iiiautltles very accurately.
A Western Join mil duly sjiys (m(
piactlciilly the coiiiiuuM.h.i(io j,,,,,,,.
els lu the i'lilteil Stales ale now wo
men between tbii ties of seventeen
mill tblity-llvc. In the country
schools they aro vlitually the sole
ocetipaiits of the llclil. lu nil thr
Western cities they are gnidimlly
taking the place of men.
Strict Siilibatailans In lluhtou are
shocked by the report that a tlorl-t of
that city sells 10,0(10 loeelnnls cvety
Sunday, and ask If that ciin liecalledu
(iiilstlau cnmiiiiiolty wlieriiu such
IhiiIiIIhI practices tue tolerateil,
Ci'iifKK or (iitAi'KK. The system
of close pruning, copied front Fiance
mui (iermany, Ih ItijurloiiM to most
Auieileau vines, CHjMiially lifter they
are live or six years old. Ours In a
climate of bright skies, hot siiiihIiIuc,
ami violent laln-storms.
A uinehliiu fur making luce Ikim hern
Invented liy an Iowa woman, It runs
100 bobbins, anil has nuiuiifactiireil
luce, handkerchiefs, collars, cVc, pio
uounccil eijual to the beat Imported.
The growth of wool In Alabama Is
cucoiinigi'd by tho legislature pussliiK
an act lining any nmu $50 who keeps
u dog known or siixpoctul of having
ever killed n sheep.
Treaties of . .M, ,:((r.
A vohiMie has recently been Nsucit
by the department of State which con
tains all the "Treaties and (.'ottveti
tlons concluded between the I'nlted
States of America and other powcis
since .Inly 4, 1770." These treaties are
two hundred and thlity lu number,
commencing with the treaty of alli
ance with the Most Christina King of
France In 177S, and ending with tbut
with (treat llrltaln, pioclalnied .Inly
I, 1S7I. These treaties bring to light
many curious things. For Instance,
lu the treaty with France, in which
that cottntiy agrees to loan tho Fultcd
States the stun of IS,IKH,IHH francs, or
about $:l,uOO,(HH, It Is agreed that
twelve years shall be allowed to pay
the same, "eonlih'ilng that tho pay
ment of so large a capital at one stip
ulated period may greatly Injure the
lltmueesof the Congress of the I'nlted
States, au! may, pcihap, be even
Impracticable." Since that timethi.
government has discharged ludcbtnl
lies'" to the amount of over SliH),ono,
000 In a single year. (Julte recently
conventions have been held In several
cities, with a view of having an
acknowledgement of the Deity tunl
Christ hi our eousillutlou; Iml we
Hud lu a treaty mtiile with Tripoli the
statement that "the (toveruiueut of
the I'nlted Stales N not lu any sense
lotiuilcil on Hie Chilstian religion," In
a treaty nuule with the Deyol Aiglets,
lu the "year of lleglra 1117, concv
ponding with I7l:i," President Wash
ington stipulates that lu case any
slaves bclou'dug In Algiers escape oil
hoard our ships, "Ihey shall lie Im
mediately leturoeil." Our diplo
matists have always sacrillced their
pilvate lellgloas opinions while deal
lug with foreign powers. Thus wo
Hud live prominent rullariaui sign
ing death's eoiiiiiieiiclug with tint
woiiIh, "In the name of the Most
Holy and Indivisible Tiliilly."-Vi-rli
rurmi r.
The lliirac.
Of all ourstieechless friends anion;
the lower animals, none has been so
Intimately associated with tho his
tory and progress of man as tho
hor.-e. It is not too much tosay that
tho history of the horse, as a domes
tic animal, would bo tho history of
eivlll.tlioii. The o. lilies! art elliirls
of nmn tho hide carvings on bono
and horn of the trojrlodytes
who nourished in F.uropc belore the
glacial epoch, probably l!liu,tltlilyeairt
ago include rcprc-cututlous of tho
horse as the companion and servant
of our race. The earliest traditions
of every nation which has attained
to culture ami mastery mention the
hor-e with admiration, lu some of
the primitive religious he was mi
object of worship. Among the an
cient Aryans who chilied India,
thou-amls of years before our em,
the hoise wa the most select oiler
lug In divinity, tunl the ceremonies
attending the saerillce of the clio-en
animal were most claliorntc and par
took of tho character of a great na
tional festival. I'ven among (lie pol
ished (irccks, (he hoise bad a Iplace
Willi (lie celestials, and wasvokedto
tin Hashing ear or Apollo, alike the
god n' dav and thnputionof arlsnurf
letters, dl (he s.-'dutUU'il frlv&es of
the Creek .'emples there were long
nrocesslons of horses nnd their riders
ni'ignlllcent specimens of proud
animal life, whose truth and beauty
nave never won (' uauen ny modern
(irt. Tho Piu:Ui(jiiiiIv! Iwtlval, with
Its eiiestiian iiecoinpauiiiicii., 'v--
forever in the marbles of (ho Parthe
non. On lliu sculptured tablets of
the Assyrian palaces, lar older than
thetireek tumbles, and lufeilor to
the latter only In spirit and technical
skill, the horse Is constantly present
as an agent of human labor, warfare,
and triumph, n llguro lu tho most
splendid pageantries. Fverylmdy
will recall tun siipern do-eripuon oi
the war steed In tho Hebrew scrip
tures -whoso neck was clothed in
thunder, whoso nostrils Hashed III e,
and who muclt the Initio afar oil.
There Is the same feeling lu this po
etical picture whltiione perceives lu
the (ablets of Niuovah, and the pas
saee belongs to neatly the same race
mid epoch. Ancient art mid ioe(ry
ore full of allusions to the horo iisa
creature in Intimate alliance with
human development, a most indis
pensable help In the subjugation or
savagery anil tho subordination of
nature to the Use of her intellectual
lord; and tlionmiont heroes went lr
their apotheosis at death with (ho
faithful steeds that were sacrillced ut
their burial or cremation. Associa
tion with the hor-o was ever a proof
of dominion and progress, mid to this
day, the most degraded ttibesofiueii
lack alliance with tho noblest of
brutes, uml aro his inferiors In tho
scale of utility.
According to a recent London letter
Queen Victoria shuns society mow
tint it ever, and is growing very gray
and fiilili'.