mMftnbtmt.
Far the WUkSMtte Ftnntr.
MtriiJfl WMvm.
I boo in your issue of Dec. 7th, a
discussion by the Highland Farnfers'
Club in regard to tho killing of
wolves. As tho speakers .nearly all
differ lu rogdru Jo the mode to bo
adopted, I propose with your consent
to give thorn my experience through
the columns of vtho FAittEit.
For thrco or four yearn after com
.aionccing jx', keep whoop I wus not
troubled with anything but dogs.
Thoy wouldbrcak in occasionally and
destroy from six to twenty oliccp at
n time, then from that timd on until
the spring of 18d7, 1 was troubled
with wolves and dogs both until It
becanio such a tax on wool growing,
that I Imd stroiig.thoughts of.givJng
up tho business, but llnidly concluded
to try n year or two longer. In tho
meantime, tho cayotcs had become
so bad that I made a standing offer
to any. ono that would kill a cuyoto
within certain limits, and thoso llm
Jts extended for. -onto inllos, that 1
would ylvo $'J.", for every eayotc sculp
brought to me. lu the inuantimo, 1
set my wits to work to tlx ujioii some
plan by which I could succeed In
destroying them. I tried jhjIsoii for
n long time, but do not know that I
over succeeded In killing but one
tind that was young. I went to the
troublo of building mo u yard that
wus dog and wolf proof, about a mllo
from home, and right where tho
wolves appeared to range the most,
and putting my .sheep lu It every
night and putting poison around a
Khort illstauce from the yard, but I
hud no success only to kill home of
my neighbors' dogs, although I fro
quently saw tw. or throe eayotes of
a morning when I went to turn my
sheep out, but could never get near
them when I hud a gun, but at other
times when about my work, they
would como with a few .steps of me.
Happening to bo In tho lane one
uvonlug, when an acquaintance of
inluo was passing with a brother of
his that bad lately arrived from the
State, 1 mentioned my troubles to
Uiem, and tho new comer asked
tue ir l could gut them to eat any
kind of meat If there was no poison
in it. I told him I did not know, its
I hud uuvur tried them. He told mo
and he would bring his traps and
learn hid how to catch them. 1 had
Jusjt killed a beef that day, so 1 took
the head, liver and lights, and went
and staked them out on a small
branch that runs through my place.
J went back next morning to sou If
the wolves had been about, and to
my surprise every vuutlgu ol meat
was genu uud the Ikiucs of the head
was picked us clean it was possible
for It to ho done, and there 1 hud
Itceu trylug to get them to eat meat ,
With iHilson in It for years I sent !
for my friend, and he cauie with
his Imps uud gave me Instructions
bow to Net them. He selected a still
place on tho branch where It wus
quite shullowund about six feel wide,
uud wo staked down our bait us
near the center of tho creek us wo
that when I killed a beer, mutton or It themselves, for they have hut lit- "" , ', , ' "' ,v '"i""""" " '""" -'" nave 10 hpnro over nnu aoovo suck- ; ;r,'-r.? .u kimwiediro meeFwltU
n hog, to take tho offal and stake It tie to pay-and a few intelligent and ' k ",,I ,f li bio mature a Injr, niportat '". '"'".W" poor su-co s fo wSof tlmt KS
dowiisolhutthcwolvcsordotfscould wealthcltl.ens of that district, will ,,,,,, ,of "ff !izntio" , b' wl,k' wo'pr ce" Su? -' PlIctl y practice. A city
not get It away, in some soften that have almost the u hole .school bill to Wo to extricate our,c ves lMwjn. Morolierenftor. jnanlMihoEBitTOiitoBBtoi he
was just muddy enough so that I foot. Is this right? 5ly eyes are MXNhounSnift l-ulk County Ian F&P"111'' SSkS S KS
would sou by the tracks what ate It, I poor. ioixui upon us i tho unprtnclplc i oik Lount, .tan, u, 18..J. and two agricultural paper- is
and If the wolves, to let him know! A man tolls for a .marter of a ecu- comuiiiations at wortc. i am well vmciTinv stock yard laid on tho riverside (the
could, and set ii trap on each side of, aro tho Courts, and "she understands
tho bait with a chain and clog to.heri-olfi or, she thinks she do."
each trap which we burled In tl,o,"'Ul.ll
bottom orthe creek, that 1-, we burl- heavy taxes "to keep up our gov
ed Uie chain uud clog, but wo set the eminent." If a government costs
traps on the mud under the water i more than it comes to, why have one?
ami I succeeded lu Lrottliur niuolTliat Kovernmoms are, ewmomicju y
coyotes In less than three weeks, In
fact 1 cleaned them all out for the
timo being, and did not see one about
for several mouths, when I saw one
passing through the country and she
continued tupo. through occasional
ly for about clghtccumouths,uudthcu
took up her abode, tit the same range
that tho others hud formerly occu
pied, uud us soon us she wus seen two
days in succession In that range, I
tit my trap and tho Unit night I
oaught hor which was (bur year ago,
since which time I have not seen one ' going beyotxd our meant, in like try
in he neighborhood.' ' c , ingtotnmoycr.oldsHpod. Toobiir
The worst difficulty to bo encount-
orod la when thoy pass through a
neighborhood occasionally and com-
mlt depredations and ard off, as tho
i 'ti . .. .... .'iiT ,.... ' .,
uuii is nroDRui.v roiicn ocioro wioy
come back, The bait must be staked
fast but must b6 mostly aboVe tho
water, ,wh lie every thing connected
with the traps must Iks below1 tho
water. Tho shallow edero of n nond
or iako will do equally as well as a
urancn, anu men yon can put au your
traps between tho bait and tho Shore.
If I have no tirade tho above inattor
plain enough for all to understand,
by asking questions through the
Faiimeb, t will endeavor to mnko it
"o all can understand.
Tiios. Smith.
ltouhurg, .Inn. 1, 1873.
'urai-i-ln or Mnnei Tntr Had inu.
-
i ,
'rnnrludi-d.l
, . . . .
look at our .senooi law. A law lation; but who will come herein
containing and embodying only evil, such a state of affairs'. Very few.
Why a Superintendent? Ills salary, Why cripple tho energy of a noble
travels, office, Ac, will cost, perhaps m9HtwSt,S!!!i
i mo L,,,,!,,,. vm..i L I... r....o a young State? wo aro fur worho
$..,000 per annurnn. W hat Is ho for? ' oir tinn whon tl Territory. Tho nat-
A thing of u Hoard. Tho board Is tmd progress of things bus been great
the State and Church. State and j it Is true; but not Increasing with In
Church unite In tho law. The Hoard I creasing taxes. Wo voted down tho
meets; It says certain booksand rules j lffifiol'no&ftS:
aro alono tho .standard. Thcscctarl- Jug left the heavily taxed Western
mis cmlxuly and direct that certain States to bo freo from tho galling
books and regulations-throughout i'oko pf heavy State, city, county,
tho entire limd mlv shall Im used 'd school taxes. UutOVCIl lifter WO
tno entire lanu-onij slum bo used bccnmo ft suto-whluh was through
and followed. Tho Superintendent the wiles of iwllticlans and othco
talks to County Superintendents, ' seekers wo paid our taxes freely,
tho-o to School Directors, tliono tit I'causo thoy were then reasonable.
teiii'liiTM thpsn in tlm mIwmiK nrllm I often went to the Sheriff to pay my
teat tiers, tlitsolotlo stluwls, or tlio u , f hit list was maileout.
ciiiiiireii oi our wnoio county. Hero
the youths of our State Is under tho
control of a Hoard, This Hoard Is
Church and State. Hut more. The
law is so framed as to permit tho
lovylng of school taxes In the districts
to an unlimited extent. Four per
cent, has leen levied and paid. Is
this right?
Further, taxes and representation
should go together, hut this law Ig
nores that principle. A man own
land in two districts, In one he lives
and can vote, in tho other he cannot
vote: but is vet taxed, mid u-lll.niit '
representation
...... .- y " i
ill, loo. Ji inn Iiym, -
. ... .... '
Tho law is so fnuped that a parcel
of lazy vagulwnds, constituting a
majority lu the district, and having
but little property themselves, may
levy a heavy tax they not feeling
tnrv.in.l i.uikiwu .'.mil liiim.,. sit lut
a as a iiiiiiiii Mini i iiiiiiiiv ii'i' 1 1 I !: !! vwva iiPitH intiiui na r biiiitia im fvi mr mmi
may be comfortable In his old days. ;l'' rrafurniert turush pper,
Under this law.a butch of lazy.drunk- )"t U, f It-ultiiunlo for him to live at
en, worthless curses, can lu a fowi,,,?n "?' nn1 whenagjtngof tin-
' .. .. iirliii.liilnil tunii I'nmlilno Initiinmr In
years steal tins uiidertiiurormonaw
-.... Iliil.. nil. I.UIH,im(imllmmi..
Men talk about the public good of
publlcschoolsjofm-schools'. There
...-I ... . --.
tire no Mien tilings iw yii' seiioois
Somebody has the bid tojuty.
That public schools Judiciously
mauairod are a blessing, is clear.
That all aro Interested in tho public
itoik! Is also clear. Hut this school
law i one of uniiiKed evil lu all it.-.
bearings.
Had as this law N, it would U use
Ions for any ono to appeal to tho
t'ourt.s; for, tho Courts, tho civil
IHiwer, and tho ecclesiastical power,
are all one us " the rowers tlmt bo,"
maunged, tno mum movers in civil-
...... .............. ..... , -. ..v
lAuiiuu it uini, .i'J KyV""V'"
lll.lf l.kll I.I lllllllM ! IHIlllllltlllltl
is bettor than uiinrchy. Hut lu this
country wo noetl never fear anarchy.
Because a government Is necessary,
itdHs not Hlgnir' It should bo-oppressive.
Our taxes are certainly
very opprooslvo. This is no com-
4aint, but a fact.
Jails, Penitentiaries, Asylums, i
" Ixx'ks uud Dam swindles," Cburt
Jlouxt, roads, bridges, and other
paMio works tttau bo necessary, and
might do If wo had population of
40CMW0, or 500,000, But for a people
llkeat attempt to ktp up with
tho ago by making a great thotr, and
WILLAMETTE FAEMER.
"Ji,a "halation improvident cx-
pcndlturo of tho public monoy; at-
tempting to do too much; want of a
bomo market; want of homo manu-
fiif fnrlna. AAinlilnnt inns ntirt mnnnnn.
:.." ,--"" --- -t:"
lies', nlltJ liavo done the "work and
brought on theso heavy enormous
taxes.
I am an old citizen, have been
here near thirty years) and expect to
lay my bones hero. My children are
hero. I am a permanent and lancM
elttecn: and certainly if anybody
(kMr-feci adeep interest in tho'ifros
peKty, honor, and glory of our natu
rr magnificent country. ,
What are the results of such heavy
taxes? Somo of them, are these:
Property must doprccfete, emigra
tion hero will bo very limited, be-
enuso no one acsires to own property
which Is unprofitable by reason of ., 10 corrogp0ndenco , and also a trcas
high taxes. It Is oven now exceed- ,' ' , ' -.. c. ,. ,i
Ingly difficult to sell property. urer. The business of the Stato board
.alaalltallV III1L11III i:.1 Iill!II 1 I II lillll
In many Instances, men who laid
by In times past, a llttlo money, have
liml In use If to tmv lnvna nn tirnnorf v
'which would not realize the taxes
on it now. Wo need u nonu
on It now. Wo need u
How now? Aro our taxes reason -
luivo a decided up-
ward
ward.
truth my.
rnwuru and on-
An Om) Man.
Karmcrs' Organizations.
l. Fakhi:ii: In talking up the
question of a fanners' organization
fur Jtlllnillnir tmrluwft.t wn hnvn liutsT. ,
ly met with a single farmer but that , ,,, something to relieve this class of
Is In favor of ramo efficient plan ofifar'1,ers, u ,s '' fur,tho srentwt
organization for tho abovo purpose, evil we havo to contend with, It has
inwrintcdlmcotlng..
It was concluded by tho few runners I mre0 damage than wo nro awaro or,
then present that tho object was a 'and If wo wish to dlcrnifvour oeou-
K,m" i-, iiimi "' WO Ollglll lioi 10,
I 1 ..... J . .
i.... i .... 1...1 ii. ii i tf
L' ii. nil. lull, n.iuiu lull i'iiii mill ii
t-tfitwi tlm mil fitifl t
possible effect the grand object con-
f.ltlllllllff.t.l I lilt... il.AMn.VW Mo.l.kll.
UIIUU tllU IHII tll
i...i.i'.ivi. iiuu luuiviutu v.-iiiii.'iu-
ded to issue a call for the farmers of
the country, mid especially tho rais
ers of wheat, to meet at the Court
"""r" """ ,l " "l,n" K-B
, . . . ,. , ,
faKC tho market pHtfOof hl-piwluco
lwn to ruinous rates so that ho can-,
"ot "'J1 ,',s illlner It Is time
adopt some plan to break the spell.
And.r tell you seriously fellow Tann
ers, wo have got this to do sooner or
later, or give up our calling.
.lust now tho price of wheat Is ad
vancing, and farmers who have held
their wheat aro enjoying a pleasant
,...,i .!., ,.r , i. ,i.,,.. rn,.iw
" " w " i-vb
prices. Hut this may all be an Illusion
llko a ray of sunshlno after a fohr-
nil tempest ;lut it may cloud up again
ere another harvest and our horizon
DouarKor man ever, ami u o, wo
will bo Illy propped to weather the
breakers unless wo right up our shut-
tored craft and mill together like
moil till WO reach tho sunshine Of
i
I'n.viiiK' iiricex.
It ni'iv m uill iiiiniiirli lwn in
- .- "- r-
stuttf thut we do not contemplate an
ot contemplate an
., .n-n.M.wifwiiiiv.
io punHi.se ot ship-
t crop, larmers
"
nr.n,,il..il.. f..r l,
plug our present
move slow in such things, and it will
of necessity tuko some time to orguu-
i..,..,.i , i.m.i.i i,.,,r.,r. iu.i
' " ,. ; ""-- ",""
now, uuu u po.siuio do ui nuiumcsM'
for the next crop.
We want lurecinct orgauleutlons in
every product in a countj-, and want
rvprowutativfi mou from every pre
cinct to meet la county convention
at least once a year, unu there after
dUscUslng questions of general Inter-
- . . ... .. .tvvixj i ix.tu v in :
lAiun (t u ti.t. l.. ,!.. i.... ur n a ' " . ii mi itiiirn inn nnniirv ni Niiffi. vifi.
lest, adopting laws, Ac, for the or-
ganizauon, eiect vy uuuv vuuy
Board to consist of about five of tho
shrewdest and be9t .formers of thb
county, ono of whom'should be pres
ident of tho county ixmru, anouior
treasurer and a third corresponding
secretary etc! AndJ would havd all
tho county boards Wce in State con
vention at least once ft year,ahd there,
after dhcusing questions of interest
in hn nrfmnlzatlon and tho adoption
of a general plan of'operations,chb69o
a Statb board, to consist olflvo of thfc
shrewdest and best farmers wo,can
muster in tho tatof one of Whom
should bo president, one vice presi
dent, two 8ecretarfes7oni of whom
should kcop the accounts of the pr
ganlzutlon and tho other attend to
should be to thoroughly post them
selves on the condition, present and
prosioctlvo, of tho various markets
of tho world, as well as tho .statistics
of our own surplus crop and tho
amount of tonnage necessary to ex
port It to the place they (-ball dccldo
that it shall go. They should also
have tho power to chooso llnnnclnl
or commercial iigcntH, to charter ves
sels, to superintend tho loading of
cargoes, tho sales, and faithful trans
mission of tho funds thereof to tho
Stato board.
I would a!o adopt wuno plan to re
lievo the Korer and hard pressed
farmers of the country, who perhaps
aro victims of the credit system and
are forced to sell immediately after
harvest. You know that It is the
custom of wheat dealers to force the
' markets down, oven to
ruinous rates,
till this class of farmo
,iiu hiii iiiiai ui uujiiura jiiivu sum.
then, If they want inoro wheat, thoy
will raise to paying prices to draw
tho wheat from such as aro able to
hold their wheat against iiureaon-
ably low price-)
i- .,! ..i.. ....i.i i... ,..
. ... u...., .iui.., i . """1!1ms trnstnd lortnliim nossinthntllnp.
rtlln ..t ll.nt II .Mn..MHl.l.Af 11.-
"' i mj m . . uvmru iiiu
civiuziHi Aviinii iirciiriiiiiL in ir mi.
.. . . ....
;ay"s 'wellthl'of 'it ami of
'..II. .. ... .. 1. 1 . - .1
..-i ... . ,. .... J .. . . jl f AM
uuiut iimuers ueruui suijirosiou. nnu
u you can
roil can hit unon better nlnns let
have them WJiX affi I ' I
us
llcmeinbcr tlmt tlioro is $1.30 luo
-.i ii.-.i. ai ". .
An J(lri" liml biforuthn Hock l'oli: Tutuitrt'
Club, l) !io. AtiiBi.
Kducution Is the MiliJect on which
1 would offer a few thoughts. " 'Tis
education forms tho common mind,"
is an old adage, and n truo ono. So,
consequently, not only tho roflned
and highly cultivated, lHwk-iwlIshed
Ing his or hor thoughts upon so 1m
portant a subject as education,
lmt
tho common mind, tho common man,
or the common woman, such as wo
all may claim to represent that aro
here to-day, may give expresiiou to
our views as well as othors. And
..... i i...M.wi. ,., ..,!, oii...
"", ... j......v...... .u M,,,, huh
mo to say that It is for want or feel-'
Ing tho need of a liberal education
J"iu uriugs mo 10 iuq uppreuintion oi (
u win in. aiiu I'usuiti uusurvcr tun
not fail to uotico the contrast bc-
tweon tho educated mlud,nud that
of the uneducated. Xo matter how
much native jKiwer or gigantic iutel-
Vct l". "'" y rossess.
litAt flwi tiKl illril tutu
if
there is not brought to its help that .
1,11,..,,,1 ..,ill.,r.wlii,.nm 1V !...
:.":"."".. -..--.......".., .v
uttie less man a cipuer in tno world, I
sn rur ils niftklncr a in uric niiKinn-
men ami inings. isutiyo talent may
eompured to tho gold liu-uiartz.
Yon boloUl ,tg .qistcningVrti-
ciCs, but It must go through tho mill
-- ,...".... : . :
In," nmi 'ir. xsauvo talent may
IkA llillltU)MUI Vl
uud tho mint before its real value is
ascertained.- "So'thp-mind must go
through the mint or education in or-
uer to real Niecess in tne world.
We should notice the word educa-
tlonin Us Itroadest sense; notsimnlv
the lustructlon of children for we
all live to learn. And now allow mo
to congrutulato this Society on the
fact that the time has passed by
whon it was thought necessary only
to giro learning to tho professional
class to tho child you would have
4nA l(ialvliilAll nf l.lljlnn fnm. u.. I
vnu nn nvnru hticltnl nf iilwtnf nn i
to bo a lawyer, a doctor, a banker, or
a merchant if you had. ono very
good, but not very bright, son, you
would school him for a preacher.
But tho one for a farmer or a me
chanic it was not food economy to
euueato. nm, now mamc lortune)
tho Amorlcan watchword lj "Edit
cate.tho masses." With such a mot
to, and such .legislation as shall se
cure at least a common school edu
cation to every one, ,ridk or poor,
high or low, wo'mtty rest' assured in
tho'hopo('that vwo 'shall jSuia people
stand; under tho kirid.lnjtd of Provi
donee, asabeaconflightiatho world.
But; again mnVfht 1W. said thorc
were two kinds of octucatlon ono
thcorotlcid. tho other practical. And
It applies to all classes. j'Tis true,
onomayoxist lthouti-the other to
some extent, more or less. But, in
order to real success in -the world,
wo should obtain both, becausoone
is tho alphabet of the otiior. Take,
for instance, if you please, tho doc
tor: thorowas a timo in his history
when lie was perfectly familiar witli
tho sclenco of medicine, and with
honor to himself as a graduato from
some medical coTICgo could toll Vou
from theory of Its ower or effect on
the human system, and had -a cor
rect knowledge of the composition
of tho human body, could' glvo to
detail the number of-bones-in the
human frame, or could .with ease dc
lincato the many blood-vessels' or
arteries found therein, so much eo
that ho was Justly entitled to M. IX
Then he was theoretically educated.
But. to comnleto his profession, he
1 must ncqulro u knowlcdgo by prac
' ticc; ho must visit tho sick, and ad
minister tno meuicino, ana watcn lis
effect, Judging by symptoms, and he
himself hearing tho groans or com
plaints of tho sick room, aim' thus
tost his skill by his practico. before
wo culled him doctor or practitioner.
So with the cadet or tno military
student: he Is not tho general or
soldier and warrior simply because
ho understands thd' tactics of war:
but ho must ontcr tho battle-field
and smell the owdor or wiold the
I ft
flittering sword, boforo his oduca-
ion is complete. jjiKOWiso wun tno
banker : his knowing how to keep
books is not .sufficient, but ho must
i ,mvo practice behind tho counter in
somo banking house, boforo ho can
So wo may say af tho lawyer: his
correct knowledge of law does not
constitute him a lawyer, but he
must bo admitted to practico at the
bar boforo n court of Justice. And
now what is nppllcablo to tho pro
fessional class. Is also to tho laboring
class, tho mechanic, and tho farmer,
upon whom depends tho prosperity
of all classes: they should bo such
practically; but In order to success.,
theory and practico must go hand in
1,llu. A larnior ougnt to kiiow tno
Philosophy or prlncU upoti which
hand.
nvirv. inrniinrr tiniiifiiiioiii. vuri&.
V'Yf mmK "SKwmX7u ZS?
iuiu ujtyjtjuiu cuiiuiiiuu u mi wui
ItPiia Antiuul aiia olflfAa lit ivtllO i
drlyo a calf In tho yard, it being con
trary, no caugnt it oy mo tun, nu
calf took fright and ran around until
at last It took for tho river, tho man
hanging on, tho calf Jumped down
tho bank, man and all, tho man got
hung by Ids suspenders, but tho calf
Awam across tho river and was never
heard of, and tho gontloman sold all
out uud went back to tho city, Just
as you might expect.
aiiu now to tno mutes oi tins do-
iiuiy iuu iiiivu ma oviiwiiuk ui
young ladies: It is commendable
that our girls should not only have
thorough book-learning, even equal
to that of tho other sox. but also u
practical learning, such as can be
oy "mug mi Kinusyiwur.
oeionging to iiousoKeoping, Kitenon
work as well as in tho parlor. And
then wo will havo practical women
- 4ni:ii;iii iniu .i, wn-,
j"s ii " m iiiu iimui
wants a practical Housekeeper, or it
a woman is on tho marry she will
chooso n practical farmer, or doctor,
or practical lawyer or morcnant. A
woman is not sot in tho parlor llko a
P'oco of furniture, neither is a mun
Itn linnll thenrvnn'il n nniMI
rf 1:....
I 'At tl'lf UNIVK11R1TY. WO COJIJ
tho following from the Jtitllctiu:
Another effort, wo learn, will be
mado to obtain funds to erect a new
building for Pacific Unlvcrsty at For
est Cirove. This is a mucn needed
enterprise, nutl should receive assist
ance. The endowment of Pacific Un-
vcrslty now nmounts to about $100,000,
but this U not available for bi
Duuaiugi.
iKoothtrMnrtltUtlou in tho State i
aiiiIauw1 MA'tlpnl. unit 'nnMA hfl
endowed iw well, and 'none lias better
claims upon the general public.
At Sitka' on November 90th was
tho annual ctyy election, and at which
tho i Hon. Ueo. A. EdB, ColtirctOrof
Culfms, was elected Mayor. . ' ,