!l
H.
2
Sftmllmtons.
cfp
The Cnblf, the Palm. tke F,"5er
rmrx nn account of till- a can be
found, was published in the " Revue
Archeologique," of October, H, by
M. Auros. in Ills " Ktude de- dimen
sions du Tombeau de Jo-ue, di-eov-ered
by M. Sauicy In hi" la-t voyage
in the Holy Land." We mu-t, how
ever, .nave space by conden-lng the
facts within the iiinlle-t dlmen-ion-.
Herodotus Inform- u- that the
Kgyptlanx in his time u-ed tu -nbit
vf fir jhiIhi or twenty-four linger-breadth-.
In other word-, they
mea-uied cloth-' and all llcxlblo fab
rics by the dl-tnnco from the tli of
the middle linger to the joiiit of the
elbow, ii women do -till. Anil they
found that till- length corrc-Knds to
-iv times iiero-s the palm of the hand
at the root" of the four linger-1.
In spite or this testimony the rcc-
ords of cublt-dlmon-lons preserved
loiisiroiiiiiiargrcuierniniquiynow'
At A f At ..Ill I . . I
MnrchlOtli. we revlcw'cui'rcsment .". -"l"v."v" . .uid mnrriagv tortus tov.vo wp-
Altov Sulmnl'. Lecture on the the same word to P - ; U:, J;
Metric" System. Our readers will and a miw- or w ight. It i- ,Iilvl A, . ..
XE.lMd to learn how the' Jnt that Jj J , e uU. nurrnte , 5t o.
ancient architect and engineer the dr-t human arch to t en i Wv
measured their work. Perhaps extent bar c r do- to tfh
inanno j-.gypuan cuiui ira ujnui mr, percent, to tuna; to per cent, to
naoi juilmn, or twenty-eight linger- Ilrazli ; five per cent, direct to .la-'
oreauiii. i ne-o icconii ron-i-i n
the following monuments:
M. (.'Irani found the cubit marked
three times on Nilometer at Flo
plmntluc. Fach time there is a
length of -even cubits scored oil' on
tho walls 'itcli cubit MilHllvided into
fourteen half palms Th(s cubit ho
found to measure .W7 of a French
metro ( 'J0.7I7 Inches).
A cubic of slate got by M. Auastasl,
and now In tho Florence museum,
measures Ji,'li'S.
A rough, bard-wood cubit knight
at TheboH by Mr. Meyer, of Liver
pool, shows seven divisions for
palms, and four of these are subdi
vided into four lingers, rts length Is
.r,2oK (un.7 Kugllsh Indies.)
Kamui'l Sharpe's cubit measures
.'J.'jr.l (2U.07.-i Fuglisk Inches)
Tho black-wood two-cubit found by
Mr. Harris in one of tho pylons of
King Horus, in tho temple at Kar
nak, and now in tho ItrltMi Muse
um, stained red with dust, and no
doubt left by one of tho masons on
tho siot, nearly l'.ihmi years before
Christ, measures l.oil). Its cubit Ik
therefore ..,'.! I".
Jf Newton be correct in calling the
chuuiber In thu( treat Pyramid laixio
cubits, tho cubit Used at its erection
,H to l.tMHl years before Christ,
measured ..V.';l!.
Tho mean of these measures would
.5,1! ' I ; or, rejecting -I, JiiH, which di
vlilitl by 7, gives U.07fi metre, or '2.Kt
(nearly :i) Kngllsh inches to tho alm,
and three-quarters of an Inch (0.71) to
tho finger-breadth.
Hut why should tho Egyptians
havo two cubits, one six ami thooth-
r seven tialins Ioiil'' .Mr. Allies
Muriro.sls tho following N,iUf..irv
answor: '
Tho hIx-iuiIiii cubit was us.,i i
common life In measuring llexlble tor observing the transit of Venus' 'hoy have purchased a tent and gone
articles 'l1 lwember, 1S7I. It now nnpoars down to Cowlitz ltiver, for tho pur-
Tho seven-mdm cubit was u-cd In S, J J j!jrX pV,',0 h( t)T ll,sNt,P !l ho building of
civil enKlneeH,,g,,ndarchlfrture.!l:owa;nSr St!" IVtersbur "slatS ' "' "" Hroal fnm
Tho workman dealt with rigid mate-1 t't the nuinlKT of Husslan observ-.t'imiphrey's to Olympla. During,
rials like blocks of sandstone mul I
sranilo and brick walls
e applied
ins roro-arm to tno object aim placed
Ids other hand behind tho oIIh.w to'elllclent instruuieiits will Itu pntvid-
mark the place until
II he couh movel,'l "rach station; and as photogra- "
,.- , ,' lhy will w made use of, some ol the
iiiasurenienl. lf,mrty havu Iteen exercising them-,
to make tho next m
tit. t i ti a
ueitiuii ins eioow 10 marK mo place,
aim iH'gnu nis iiexi cunn irom me
other side of his hand ; thus getting
onttubit iHwoiit ixtlm at ovoryshlft
lug of his arm. This became (lie
masonic cubit of urat palm-. '
Philology affords a very curious
confirmation of this hyimthcsls As '
the old Kgyptlans calltnl tho hmir
TAT, and used tho word to oxpre
ho used his finger to keep the place , selves In tho art, and with such uood , ,. Danimm'.u PnnTs.-
ho must make allowance for one tin- results that they can now take in- :aiemaia has had a late ro
...i...,. Kt. .. stantaueous nhotoifraiths of Hiomiii l " lrty or l 'rogress, as It Is
2.V '."." .'.'." v " with drvnlates. This looks .mm,, suiveeded In getting hold
ixj iiviiiu uns ne miii niso hmi paim u, .. i 1W , ,:; , :'"-"." government, and ono of Its
jwjyrus (on which they wrote), to
rjKak (that is writing), and to rttub
Uth (that is recording forever) ns
thoy called Wwfoot It AT, tho .siiuo
word they used for rultlnt'e as tliey
' called the unit AA, tho same word
they u-ed for a Awmjc, and l"A,
length, tfMcimv us they called the
fortarm, MAN. the Niuie word they
u-ed for a monument, or fr-WfOfi o.
instrument? and constructed w uliout
machinery. Yet their moiuimetit
have outlasted all the ages, and their
genius had inspired all generation?
of clilLsed people. Th on'h.
What Become of tbf Coin.
In the reign of Darin- pM u 1 J
time- mp' valuable, vufcht fT
weight, than -iler. In that of Jul-iu-
(u-ar sold w a-only nine time
more valuable, owing1, irhap-, to
the enonnou- quantitie- of gold
-oired by him in hi- war-. It i- a
natural quc-tion toa-k, what become
of the gold ami -liver. A paper read
before the Polytechnic A ociatlon
by Dr. .Stephen?-, recently, i calciila-
ted to meet this inquiry. He -ay-,
of our annual gold product, full l.'i
per cent, is melted down for maun-
laciure; :( percent, goi-to l.urope; .After a while 3Tr. Ilullott. tho eon
. . . , ,. - - 1.1 '
pan, ( iiina ana me iiuues; lenvinir
I but live per cent, for circulation in
j this country. Of that which goes to
Cuba, the West Indies and Jlm.il,
fully r.o per cent. Ilnds Its way to Eu
rope, where, after deducting a large
percentage used in manufacturing,
four-fifths of tho remainder Is ex
ported to India. Here the transit of
the precious metal Is at an end.
Hero tho .supply, however vast, is
ab-orbed, and never returns to tho
civilized world.
Tho Orientals consume but little,
while their productions have over
Ih!iii in demand among tho Western
nations. As mere recipients there
fore, the-e nations have acquired the
desire ofuccumulation and hoarding,
a passion common alike' to all classes
among tho Kgyptiaiw, Indians, Chi
nese and Persians A French econ
omist Mates that in ids opinion the
former nation alono hides away SJO,
n4,(HX of gold mid diver annually,
and tho present F.mporor of Morocco
is rcimrlcd as so addicted to tills av
aricious mania that ho lias tilled 17
largo ehamburrt with tho precious
metals The passion of princes, it Is
not MiriirlsJiiB llial llwwiiHOHjilrlt Is
T ," ?., ":V.:UT ' "H V': '" i
iiaiaucoouraile lii favor of those na-1,
.....
tlOIIS is now given at Sll.(KK).mN.
Chrhtlun Vnhm,
..
' " ,, S , " .,', .VnT!!!!
nreiuratlons which nm hi iiniiirV.
:" ". wiu Ik twentyfour, ex-,
fiitiitl liii fVitiii 4luk minimi. . l... it..
,.n0 tK.,. t( 0stern Siberia, and to
I'ersla. ConiiH'tent observers and
pnictlclng with thu siiectntscope, we
" "n 'm
r i... ........ .. . .t . .. '.
tninsltmay Ik. olrved as transfi
inav im iirciiv Mini in ii ine isiini il
was never nlixcrvcd Itefore. The
Russians have already set on foot
metiHtrologlcal oKservatlons at their
stations with a view to select places I
w hlch havo clear weather in Decern-
ler.
other countres are exinvted
itiK'rate; and we hear that the
lomers of (Jermanv will, ore
to CO-0K'
astronomers 'of (Jermany will, ero
long, publish their plan' of opera-
UOII,
""
l.s Australia, the income from tho ,
sheep Industry exceeds that of
mines, ln?lng $100,000,000 iter annum
...- r.-...vi.iwii null, u iiis'iiht iii
.. w ;"" i'"-"""- . That instead of beluga man ho was u"10' without its uampncssanuchui.
kllllll llll III I llJt IIMllnlitll.1 in..l,l . I
...., n..... .. ...o r.asiorii nu- wolni,n Auexplanation wasmado 1,ie N,l,,c c-tho depres-slon of
tlons has been uninterruptedly go "B-md Mlke'8 feeling nk.ii umSS 11,u ,,um,,,,,,u n oward tho
on since the most remote historical a change, mid ho found tl a r.tt, north-accounts for tho abundant
period. According to Pliny as mneh d 3 1 K S rain-fall in nearly all parts of this
st(HHMMNingoldw-s,lhlsday, UJi m v tocmo ttl.odt vast area. The southwest winds,
annually oxitorfcd to the Fast. The !,. " "?i "" . 1 " t".r "r. saturated bv tho ciintnnitlnn nf h
. --.' . . .
WILLAMETTE FARMER.
HOW V 1 OI. Nvi t5 WAW sN WX
A v..OvU UV-RaSIV
There wvrv uMrravt .ntef'iv )J
evenliiira cvuvte. w&.xf bMiVfflf
the hi-tory for puotsctws.'a $a
form.
During the priujtof tu.-: yvitr there
appeared upon the ruilrvtivl a tUir
haired, -mooch freed, uiu-cutar fel
ton . with a rich. IrL-h brogue, w ho
applied for work, exprvs-luj: hiiu-clf
a- willlus; to do auy thine. He had
an otilil rather ana mother tn tne
.mid country that he wanted to help
to America, and wa w Ming to work
hard tor jrvd wage-." He wa- giv
en a pick and -hovel, and told to pitch
in, which he diil with a will. Al
though he wa- a little awkward at
tlr-t, he oou nn-tored the -donee of
handling the shovel, and came to be
regarded a- one of the be-t men on
the work. He had a plea-ant voice,
told a good .-tory, and innde many
friend) among the workmen, who
regarded him with .-peclal favor.
tractor, had hi-, attention called to
t)ic mnv hand, and, llnding him
ninth ill ifiuiiiiiu. iriiMj mill coin-i '
mnnd of ii gang of men, and found
that his confidence was not mis-
iiluced.
In the sime camp was another,
foreman who was as lithe and active
a vomit follow ns can be found In nnv
part of tho country. Hetween the
two a warm friendship snranir m,
and when not at work they were id-
ways toeothor. Tlie other men ho-
SWIs.
came somewhat Jealous of Mlko for!l)0,u,iS summit of the Union and
occupying so much of Jimmy's time , Central lino. Doth the Itocky and
and drawing him away from their tho Cascade ranges, whero they arc
comnanv. but ofeour.se could not mi v
anvtliliiL'. ,
Tho summer passed awav. and tlie .
'
winter months, with their rain,
came, and whon work got slack and
men beiran to droit off and como to
tho eltv. Mlko nrnnnsed in .llinmv n
go to Portland, take a room and live 'wcd for each inot) feet of elo-atlon. is to bo submitted to nn employer
until spring. Tho proposition, how- Imt, second, the warm winds from for nn estimate, and tho qualities or
ever, was rejected by Jimmy, who tho South Pacific, which prevail in I skill, tncMllllgencc.fldclIty and trust
declared that ho did not w'aut to winter, and (aided Ity tho warm ocean inCss, arc nil to bo considered in
como to tho city. So tho two re- emrcniseorrosponiung to our Atian
mained at Kugeiie for several weeks, tIu Gulf Stream), produce tho genial
waiting for tho recommencement of l'llnato of our Pacillc coast, pass
tlie work. ver tho low mountain ridges to the I
Somehow or other, iliirlmr ti.o !...
tWi Mlko mil(lu
, n . . . , , a . ,
'l w mt Jimmy
had represented himself to be.
r-V ILILIIU III- II1IIIHT llll 11 l
(111ju , ., ' ',., ,...
copartnership for life and in proper
.. '
,'.,.,. ... ' . 0nU "
timo return to work on tho raid as
.Milt - contractors. The proposition wus
"K1 ",", niglit saw Mike
"",l ,,'y ado man and wife.
the coming summer Jimmy will
preside over!
r tho culinary department
o should get sick, when,
S she will go out and
unles Mlkt
she declare
Ikiss" (he men.
The Stato of
.'olutlou.
called.
of the
1 1 v 1 1 1
11 rat acts
was
to
luulsh
a lariro number of
prle
!" - - iuhu-iiiiiimii ihi-.-ii ncru
.fli.wf r'l.lf'..-.il..i. ..f !.... .. ...
ts
Thirty
nine oi
hmiiBli up to Sa Fnmclsct. by tho
weiniier. iney aro oi uio irancls-
can ami Donilnii-an onlers.and will
lw distributed among tho churches
oHhls State. Interference in poll-
,. " plotting for tho Kstomtlon of
mo iaio govornmein, is inoniiegod
' their banishment. Tlio
priests deny thi" charge. .SVicni-
priests deny
"'to 1'nion.
Hi: that feasts his IhhIv with luu
lliUlni,'"te."!' ,",u! !?,ar,ve!i
a discovery and lllv" """"""k vnvci iur iiuaiiu, giv
my was not what '" to I'"',tcrn Washington tho eli-
hoS1!b15Vm,W, 0,fi!,,,r,tual 'r1'1?
urn ' i.nr J I lilSri Uh N!rvni,t tt,,il
um. , siar e.s his w lie.
CLIMATE OF THE XEW XOBIHWEST.
Ihirjx-r's HVWi, in an interesting
article descriptive of the country
traveled by the route of the North
ern VaMc Knilroad, gives the fol
low injr riu-onable explanation of tlto
wnvrkWo mildness of climate and
fertility of oil which characterize ,
the vttt region which has como
N Vnown in the new Northwest :
The fact of the mildness of the
rfhu.ito which prevails along tho
Ivlt of the country tributary to the
line of the Northern Pacillc Itnil-
rvul. N abundantly established.
Nowhere between Lake Superior,
and Puset Sound is it colder than in
Minnoot.i: and tills great Stato is
not -urpa-ed a? a wheat producing
region, or in healthfulne of atmos -
lere. Dakota i- very -Imllar to
Minne-ota ; and from Dakota west-
ward the climate -teadlly inodllles, crty that easily secure and retain
until, in Oregon and Washington ! situations, while tlioso who possess
Territory, there I- almost no winter It not are forced to bo idle. There
at all a-lde from a rainy -cn-on, ns in ! is all tho dlll'erenco in tho world bo
California. Throughout Dakota, tween an expert clerk and a clumsy
Montana, and northern Idaho, cattle one between n. skillful salesman and
nnu hor-e- range out all winter, and
in the Miring are fat and .strong,
Records kept by government officers
at the various military stations on
the upper waters ofthe Missouri show
that the nverago annual temperature
for a series of years has been warmer
in Central Montana than at Chicago
or Albany. Thisrcmnrkahlcmodiu-
cnlIo of clliimto, tho existence of
wm wc" ormwi per-on now
questions, is duo to soveral natural
t"au,c,chlor n,ont' which nro these:
Flrst lho country lying between the
Hthnnd 50th parallels is lower by
omo !J,000 feet than tho belt lying
Immediately south. Tho highest
l,oIl,t on tho Northern Pnelllo Itod
li3C0O feet lower than tlio eorres-
crossed ny tno ortnern raeitic
route, aro broken down to lowclcvn-
. ...,......
I,0,H mimroti with tho height W)
'"lies southward. Tlila difference in
IItitIo would account for much of
tho dllleronco in climate, as fourdc-
green of teinperaturo are usually al-
north of lattltudo 11, and carrying
ato of Virginia, and the climato of
tronles. carrv tlio rain clouds east.
wnrd'over the continental divide.nnd
.1 I. i wl1...f . fl.xfH ...! lA.aa.. ...nu .1. .
ii-nnllnvni-Minofinflnniil.il .lU-l.ln n.:
IIIOIIIIIIIIU IIIVK 1IIIII9UIIU UVLT IIIU
"fertile Itelt" stretching from the
''rmoiMi" wreicn ng irom ine
m" ' "'V.".S " .A".0. rrl
,u" .U'."",,,,,,,,".WV .w" l l. ,r
l-rtiuor annum, nciaaa wan against
,he Wrtr," n,0l,,ti wct winds ; hence
the colder winter and tho aridity of
,0 ';; "f "' V0'1? 'tI' ofon-
I?"1. "ml ,,oa,tJ "' ," mountains.
A uiwcnmnie 01 mo new xsomi.;i,nutcd.
west which Is now to bo opened to,
settlemont, travel, and trade, is such ' Tiii:uk
as to ",ilko U " co"e,dnl homolesty, notl
for tho migrating millions
of
Central and Northern Kurope, and
the crowded iortlons of our land,
there is no doubt.
ClltlTI.ATlON
ov Iti.oon IX thk
Svstkm. The
blooil circulates
.. .......
utOAriluJZZ.i Zt
inroiiL'ii tno UmIv in iiiwinf f -.i min.
i, 1 """", jfvr iooi, mo wnuer wno uimerHM"
vary mucli from twenty.fouritounds,(t0 farm entirely by his, books apd
so that twelve pounds pass through I
each minute. It is estimated that
tho UcxhI moves nt tbn ,! nr t I
ntwl ,, ., : ya: . , "' - 1 ""
nml n ,m,f feet " "Oeond,or two!
miles an hour.
Thk shortest oxnrosslon. simnn9. 1
ing equal perspicuity and elegance, I
i? tho lst
those of" the sun,' acquire force by
"vorging, nml net more vigorously
in u narrow comitass.
i ne rays or sense. like
A SECRET.
Thcro nro a great many nom
who cannot tell why it in they have
so much difficulty in getting an,i
keeping positions in business, if
they nro in business they easily ton
out; if they nro out, they find
hard tn fnf In. Tf tl.mr l.n,.
to sitlon to-day, they may I0so if .
i - j "nu u nn.
morrow ; If they loso their nlaoo
thoy may perhaps have to wait weeks
and months before thoy enn Rotum ,
nnothcr. Thoy do not eomnrnhnn.i
that while others nro busy they
should bo unwillingly idle; that
while others have as much ns they
can do, they have nothing to do.
There is a little secret, that will go
. nir to explain the umiculty ; therois
iit constant, unsupplicd dcinnnd, in
all departments of lalwr, for skill,
and It is tho-o who possess this nron.
an unskillful one bet ween n dexter-
ous mechanic or laborer and nnnui-.
ward one between even n cheerful
, mul tidy liotiso servant, and a mm.
les-!, slovenly one. Tho valuo ofsklll
applies to all vocations, and nil de
partments of service. "Whether n
piece of work is well done or ill
done, may bo a question of vast im
portance to tho employer ; It may bo
worth twice as much to havo it well
done, ns to have it badly done. A
good workman may bo worth twice
as much as a poor ono ; nn expert,
reliable clerk, who attends to his em
ployer's business, ns well ns tho em
ployer himself would, may bo cheap
at 100 dollars a month, while n care
less clerk, who is not concerned how
he docs his work, so ho gets through
with it and draws his pay, may bo
dear at half that sum. A-tyoung
man, with a good education, twenty
flvo years old, and of somo exper
ience, may imagine that his services
arc worth as much ns another man
of tho same education, ago, and ex
perience ; hut lie may bo seriously
mistaken in his estimate. Ills valuo
determining it. If ono man pos
sesses these attributes in a high de
gree, and another lacks them, tho
former Is sure of constant employ
ment at liberal compensation, while
tho latter may bo a largo portion of
Ids timo out of employment, oraWo
to command only an inforlor salary.
Labor is sometimes only a glut in
the market, but skill and efficiency
nro always In demand. If, therefore,
a man who ha services to sell,
would get a good price, and constant
employment for them, -let; him, by
diligent study and careful applica
tion, mako himself master of hb
culling, whatevor it be.
Wjhoht or Hosky i.n a Hiva-
Alteo-keepor must notjudgoof tho
state of hisi lilvo in spring, by Its
W0Ight alone, becnuso at that timo
the number of young bees and larva
it, weJgh heavy, and may impose
on ,hounwary forrcalwemth, whcn
tho stock of honey is nearly ex-
; is nothing purer than lion-
nothing sweeter than charity,
nothing warmer than love, nothing
brighter than virtue, and nothing
mora steadfast than faith. . 'These,
united in ono mind form tho purest,
tho sweetest, tho richest, the bright
est, the holiest and tho most stead
fast faith.
.. 1 n..i... . .. ,. i.i.t.
T"i,,::
papers or tho ono who don't take
anvna tors or road aericnltunl books
1 P1 l aSrtca"urM DOt"'
num.
Kvk:
uy column of a nowsDaoercon-
, tains from ten to twenty thousand
distinct pieces of type. Tho
placement of a singlo ono makes aa
error. Is it stmncrA that errors occur
Srvivii.ii ivii fnrna. Ilkn
SOCODji
hand clothes, como easily off .and op-