2
WILLAMETTE FAEMBR
iQthnltnml
riAHTKK, ASHES, 4c, 9.V SOIL.
Editoh Faiimkii: Having lately
hntl a conversation with n farmer of
Multnomah county relative to the
effectH of plaster and allies on soil in
Oregon, and having a few days after
wards found the inclosed from the
Ohio lurincr, I send It to you for
publication, If you deem it of im
portance enough.
I used plaster and ashes In Ply
mouth county, Massachusetts, some
thirty years ago, and 'found the rc-
its impassive folds until It is brought best teams and stock, the best fruits,
in contact with vegetable Jlfe to the best fences, and the most satls-
I which alone it yields up its treasure, factory returns for his labor or any
In tho mcantimo itself remains in- farmer In his vicinity, and wero wo
- tact in the soil, ready again and to say that ho owes the most or theso
nrrnln in iwrrnrm In tlin eiimn wnv. In thn iin nrnmins V0 snouiu UU luu-
Uut thero is this difference botween ing simply a truth, which this long
tho two. While churcoal is an ac- and persistent use upon his land has
live deodorizer, it has very mticii.year oy year neon reveuiiiig i"
any effect In changing tho species of his acquaintance. Ohio farmer.
plants already growing upon tins
soil. This otilco lxth plaster and
ashes jtcrform with most wonderful
facility. It was onco our fortune to
come into possession of a worn-out
pasture badly overgrown with moss.
To orodicnto this was an lmKrtnnt
matter m our mimi, and tins wo ac
.sired to do without plowing. "Wo
resorted to tiie uso of plaster and
ashes in alternate sections. On cer
tain of theso patches or moss
milt, similar n wluit lu kit fnrih In
i. i..i..-.i ...... i-ji.. w,. 'spread plaster.
. urau ..., , . ,,u tf ycirsafterward tho moss-grown
Mll was u sandy Joain, very different p,,tehoH were luxuriant beds of white
from unci of tho soil in Oregon ;' clover. To which of tlicso agents
Pedigree of Short-Horn Bull Calf
11 CUNTIIAI. PACIFIC."
Itoon, bred by, and the property of.
8. O. Bced, Portland, Oregon : calved
Nov. 10th, 1871; got by Blsmnrk
(25037) out of Acacia by Knight I-.r-rant
(181G4); Amethyst by Magua
Chnrta (10460); Applln by i.ora nag-
Inn (14K4m: AmnrvlllH bv BurirODWH'
I tcr (12513) j Acacfa by Baron of Br-
reliance oy uyuur
SS WO vmiHworth r.fill,:
and on others ashes. 'gusftlSO); Dimity by Zenith (5702) ;
... .... I .. y- it., inn .ti iintiitif
jJimiiy vy uiiuruiini pmij, nmij
by Flrijy (1040) ; Dimity by Ivanhoo
irom ino-i oi uto son in uregon ; clover. To which or tlicso agents iwir, uimny uy uegemvtnj, """
...HIT .1.1.. I. II ....... I. I I ..I....... u.n i.llnlit In mininl tlin tiwiftmilinn ! llV lllVtll Colllct (85).
flelal ff S.lA m hi uuZ ET ' was7quest.on which woSd I not ! caeh, the W k "! ftSSS
..... ---- .......... , ....,,., fn ...,. m.,,v ,,-.,, IM!r. , uivu uv .ur. y. jjiuiiu. wy.vujr
and is wen wormy or a trial. I nave farmed their mrt to our satisfaction IIni -g'anil, ana imported by ai. a.
used It in potato hills, putting It ill-1 Kvo!. ! astoThmcnt. The use of ft"' JVLHcXTtui
tlty about ono largo titblcspoonful to i J'?0!' P'SKM c- l matter of
it hin t- .,(,. t ..v.w..in...i.. the greatest Importance. The stench
Hi 11 or iK)tato. In oxporlmontlng wll,j, ewnp0H 'from these noisome
with plaster and common stablo ma-1 places is alike Intolerable, slovenly,
nure, in ulternato rows, I found that land wasteful. It is tho life of vego
In tho hills where manure was put tntlon that assails tho nostrils as ono
tho skin of tho nnfiifnoM wiw vnru ' npproaehes theso places on its way
mo skiu oi tio potatoes was very ,0 h f t Arrested and worked
rougii, nnu iookwi as n it naci uccnfup by an application of plaster or! was by Mr. Booth's IIopewell7and Mr.
bitten by worins or other Insect, or, lino chim-oaf, or even dry earth, and Lnx's Havensworth was ono of the
most celebrated bulls or ills any, una,
from all accounts, the blood and type
of his ancestors arc fully represented
una niuintaiitcu in tuo bun can " Con
stock of Karl fcnencer. Her sire,
Knight Errant, bred by Mr. Booth at
Warlaby, wus by Sir Bumuel from
Vlvandicrc, grniulilnm of tho celebrat
ed prize bull, Conimander-ln-Chlef.
Magna Chnrta was a son of Mr. Booth's
nrizo bull WlndKor. Iird Kaglnn, a
i.Un ...I....... I... r llnnllilu ITnfl.ln.
'I1.U IT IIIIIUI, UJT .& .Wt'Vll. 13 MA ..IVIlt-
gcr (tilro of Muzurka) ; Uurgomnster
ox-marked : while In those that , applied to th com-neld or orchard,
had plaster tho skins of the wtatoes ' "i.V""",1, oimven tno growing crop,
wero extremely smooth and fair, fiKfiff , .""SSta'" SfflffiS
and if I recollect aright, the yield' tho yield inn wonderful ratio to tho toil l'aclllc," which is now nearly six
was alwut ono-thlrd in favor of the expense of saving It. 'u owe a 'months old.
Piaster. debt of gratitude to John Chinaman .... ,..,":., .. ,. .,
',, ' , I for teaching us tho utility of drv redlgrcc of Short-Horn Bull Cair
I luivo used leached a-hes put in 'earth in arrcsling tho waste which i "1.01111 ok tub vam.bv."
with the seed corn, and spread on I is constantly occurring in stables and Bed and white, calved May 21, 1872;
grass land, with wry beneilclal of- "t,,cr " places, e(ually with bred by, and tho property or, H. O.
feet. J luivo iiNo iibcd ashes in tlin Ju on crprlsliig Yankee who seized Heed, Portland. Oregon ; sire, Boyal
JLtt. j nao aio used "'. io upon tho idea to get a patent upon 'Commander, 10014, (20857); dam, Hon-water-closets
of my dwelling-houses It, for without both or theso Irre- oysiickle, by ltoyalDuko (25014) ; Sd
In Portland for the past live year, pressibles wo sluaild have been verv duin, Sweetbrlar, by Klnirod (13388) ;
nndllnd it u very effectual dcodo- many years in satisfying ourselves 3d dain, Charlotte, by Scllm (0454); 4ti
rI?or but do not sav It Is final b ?r ,,,u utility f ' a commodity ", ltubccca, by Ilex 038.i ; nth
rizer, nut 10 not mt 11 is 1411111 the performancoof such an ollice. ;'''", Fair Maid of Athens, by Kir
plaster, 'llio vaults or tho water-1 xW) j0Wf)ver, every clly has Its de- ,,,0'ns Fairfax (510(1); Cth dam, Me
cloets are shallow, about throe feet ' j-osltory or earth closets, and every ,,or" u.' A,l) (1030); 7th dam, Bios-
deep, and so ;n,trcted that they - nlu iXttortta,! VJ ' ' " iSte? S rfilftShBt' (ft)
cnn'bo easily clean.l out wlthalong-, ""'V' '1'" I Sf,,1. ",M, S2 ! tli dam, Wlilto Cow Cy Agume.ni
handled shovel. They are cleaned 1 iicrfni results ntlendlnir D . nJ ri!10!! '" I0,u (,1"n' "i" J,r Burrell's
at least once,, year, ami It IsMtcr'tnl of I hull (1708) ofBou.bon, near Darling-
if cleaned every six months. I put ; In the earth closet, dry earth per- Boval Cfinimniiiler. ih.. sin. i.f r.r.1
tho contents or the vaults into old forms tho sumo ouleo that we assign of .the Valley, Is 11 pure Booth bull,
barrels, (empty lime-casks art. prof- lo I,,,wtVr U".1 L'1,"rc1olf ", If. It hied by Mr. T. C. llooth, "Warlaby,
orable. over them over with I aim. -w .V!! ,l.HhH"M!a,,?!!."!!,Ynl,y V.f .V ,',.',... JAU 5'? l'rcl,ascsl ., by
, ,". , iitreiwiuiu u tin urn Know mil wo " "fiinuie, i.so., common, can
.11111 ioi uiem siiiim 11 year; wnon would advise tlto rurmers to auImII- ' Jloiioj-Hticklc, tho dam of L6rd or
needed ror use
loam, well pi
makes an art
Iv enunl to
wutor-closet vaults hotil(l liudiiL'M) tho curlh an nmilicatloii ititinl t tlu ri,Vl''"l-,K out or a British Flag cow
clevii but that thev can Iw cleaned I absorption or all tho moisturo In the !.1,..w"" i1,1.?. .' .P..!,!" at l ! Kwt
niitivllliiilfinL'-liimtllnNlinvi.l. 'I'lmm commoiuiy to W deodor ZCU Is
Is no doubt but that much of 011
sickness In cities Is caused by tho
1(111 IT UNI, III llt'l'll llIlir('lllHf.L A 11111 1 M. I ..V... .n tin. UI-.IIL'I Hllll? 1U IN l'llllr Mil T inl.t... L'.. I m.F.. . .... .... .
Sonic Will uso them for years with- M"'"?.',1 ?. .'". iur.",crs-. ,,ut. ,l " t tho Boyal 8oelcty'i.niectliii In
urn mi ""v i-jv. '""""'" p"4tiw im-, nun won a number or other
liro to imtlmr lxlllr than nvnn i.l,.ul..f .. !.,.. . i. " v . Vvi
been verified as truth, over and over
again. Tho urine of herbivorous an
imals holds nearly all tho secretions
of tho body which are capable of pro
ducing tho rich nitrogenous com
pounds so essential as forcing or Ieaf
rnrmliitr amenta In tho irrowth of
olants. Tho solid holds tho pnos
phoric ncid, the lime and magnesia
whlchgotothoscedsprincipally;but
tho liquid, holding nitrogen, potasn
and soda, is needed In forming tho
stalk and leaves. Tho two forms of
plant nutriment should never be sep
arated or allowed to bo wasted by
neglect. Tho farmer who saves all
tho urine of his animals doubles his
manurlal resources every year. Good
seasonbd peat is of immenso servico
to farmers, when used as an absorb
ent, and tho stalls for animals should
be so constructed as to admit of n
wido passage in the rear with gener
ous passago room for peat, to be u.scd
daily with tho excrement.
lorrcsyonbtmc.
LKTTKR FROM IMATILIA COUNTY.
Ed. Faumkh : Having promised
i
, mix idiom one-third to 11 ror plaster. Hut it romilros. U,u yi'y, wus ured by Mr. Barnes,
iilvorlzed together. Thlsl,,ut ",Uc plaster where a consider- J-igiid,uiul Imported by M. If. Coch-
t..i ft A.ilil. 1.. ...... .""- iiiimuiii 111 iiry cariu is uel. A V,i. '""' ."' winiiiiuii, i-uiimui, in
icio lor rertlllr.lug near- uii,.i,i 0,..ii,ii..,.,'r ..!.... ..!'. Isto: itovni ina-.. .... .... Ar 11
L'tmno. 1 hold tltat no'.inv (i,.,wi,.ri..u .. i.n... ...i.n.. ...1.1. jlurnes. wus bv Mr. linnifi'M rtnvni
out cleaning, (some .f then, are so ffi, 'bitter thai!
. ., " ' . , , ' " "" '7 Ku.'"r. ueiior man even plastor. , prles ; he wus ukciI bv several notl
deep they cannot Ikj clconeil except fitlll, plaster is plenty, cheap, clean- breeders, ami Tsold IforaT.lgl.nHcc The
at great expense), or uvan using any 1 l.v, and effectual, and a llttlo will da Isubella or Mcflorn tribe wus brcl by Mr
kind of dcodorlxor. Kven those ' ' wo Hay, uso plaster, and 1 Hlclinrd Bfwth, and produced many of
1, inn,.,, .......I. i... wH yuu wru hi it uso II ircciy. ' ci oiuis 1 it..
ii made piuch p, - y ivo alluded to ashes as effect- K"M Hlgluiycr, and
y would empty all Ing certain nvsults equal o plaster. ..
iA'oniird.
1 others,
Van-
deep vaults can Ikj
rer if ovorv fiiinllv
tholr ushes into them, instead of Let no ono by any means suppose I redlgrrc of Khort-Horn Bull Culf
throwing them Into tho streets orithnt)vo regard tho two as similar,
into their Mop-hurre.-, and then MtofSiTa
tho hiiiio curled away. Ver. Hut ashos nn noKdeolorlEer.-
inst re.sjKH'trully, yours,
TllOS. I'll W.AH.
lortliiiHl, May 2.1, 1872.
I'l.AHTKII, AKIIKM, .W.
There is no pnsluct or nature that
can bo turned to lietter uccotint by
tho farmer than plaster. And yet ft
is not In itself a manure. A writer
on agricultural topics says : " There
arc only live commonly cultivated
crops which contain plaster In any
" WKH-KOOT WHNOB."
lleil, bred by, and the projierty of.
t. Ketsl, Portland, Oregon ; calved
licit
8,
Jan. wii, lh72; got by Hosallo (24008)
?.,,l,tr.?.fAl,S,,"0,w l,.v 1)uku ot Onifton
(21o4); Oerinnn Aster, bv ltovul
Arch (18740); China Aster, by Arch
duko 2d (15558): Creom. bv Vnim-
round for iound ashes arc worth
ukii wheat, pound for ouud, ten
times as much as plaster, because
they afford potash. Mixed with salt
in the proportion or ono bushel
Kilt to four of ashes, and applied
wheat in quantities of tlfty and
nolo eighty bushels to the acre,
double tho crop on till old laud. The V'- ""winornc, by KtanhoncO
same compound used in the niiiio u!y' 0 ,?!!l.orH,rlwiiu'tli (1450);
proiHirtlons and ouantitv have imlJJ.onu,y .'ff-.1 ?. (10); Beauty, bv
einnilly Iienellchd effect upon the .V'.V,r!Y. 'J!1' ? e.v, by WaUtelPs
-. . a.. .. .... ..-. .
.... y.uv.
Iimilllltl lT nilV tfklUl.MUk I1IU ..akkLa . --"" ."V.I,
Aii....., ni.t.. i....i.:.lv. " ' .""T' I Anemone. tlu ilnm ur w...-i,',
suiisiuiw iniioriiims. ami 01 ineso 1, ra i" m mn inuuviuuHeiiougu. Prin,,,, ,', 1.L1 T, Vr. ;...'
there ure raised In 0,1s country, hi- .They ouch rontnln the chemical pro- Atolti vT ,Si h,J;,,T,'i,y
cerne, rol vlovor, 11ml turnips.'''' Wo iwrllw 1 demanded by then' vegeta- n .n. ""hruml'Vvi J Vt hy
cannot refmln from asking why uch ' Wts. This mixture Is cheaper than , ' ,, 1 , '2 rante.il.nA,.li&
a writer alludes to plaster at all V- any other of equal effwt, and mow ' l, Z "o erv Mnc 'tTlA,
What Is plastor. untf by what means enduring In the soil. Mr. B. M. , Mr. UnpitoPii themrthol Vi daml
does it net upon vegetation? Like In tho TfoiMem inu uml Jl?me, Dukebr (innonwiu theslroof ho
I'liarvonl, It has hut 0110 office to per- publishes the statement that twelve Imported bull Old Sam (now owned bv
lorni. ills a ticofinrmir. 'runt u iiumivis hi wikmi uxnes udiiiioii in mi iv o 1. w. s. iv,iir.,rii. .......
it absorbs ammonia (bad smells), the acre of wheat In March effectuallv won the viH'iwtnk.. nt iimMt i..i
most active of all manurlal ngvnts, protected it from rut. CoL Wwwt, ;K1' W"0, and was also at the head
IIIUI yield mi'lll up 10 IIIO dClliaild i" ri. mv., win IIV pill IdU UUSlt- u " I'me nem,
vix 01 iisues 1111 1111 acre ami a hair 0
of any vegetable coming In contact
witn ll. 11 lias been asserted, uml
there are certainly kihmI phlloMtpli
leal reasons to siistuin tho as.ertuii
that If a Held of an given sixe were
tllvldcxl Into sections, the outer ones
being unnuully niuuuriH ami the in
terior ones heavily plastered, that
after a ftw years the plastered land
will lie tho richest iwirt of thotk'kl.
The reason for this Is that tho plaster
(elites upon tho ammonia eacatoiug
from that portion of tho Meld which
has been manured, and In idl tho viol-sltudes
of the season locks It In
i 0
nf
run-down land, bringing It into red
and white clover, and producing
over a ton to the acre of exeelleiit
bay where nothing hail been raised
before. Tho value of ashes Is ap
preciated by only a tew, and this few
are our must successful fanners,! t-Wo
know ono wealthy fanner who buys
all the ashes from a largo foap facto
ry, paying ton cents per bushel at
tho ftictory. transports them by rail
overdxty.ffvo miles, and then carts
them over four miles. He -has the
rst' land, tho best buHdia, - the
.1 No,Th J1"-' "uuiliers in ( ) refer to
he fciiKlMi Henl Book-thow no,- in
( )i ) tho American Jlcrd Book.
I.iqVin KxeitKMKXT. How
strangely i overlook the value of
the liquid excrement of our animals.
A cow, under ordinary reeding, fur
nishes In a year 20,000 pounds of solid
excrement, and about 8,000 ixmnds of
liquid. The comparative money val
ue of tho two ts.but slightly In favor
of tyVr','"Th,i' "talement us
you a fow notes from this section oc
casionally, I send you tho following
Tho weather through tho month of
April, and up to within tho last
week, has been cold and dry, with n
considerable amount of wind added,
rendering it extremely unpleasant
for out-door occupations, also materi
ally shortening tho crops nnd blight
ing tho buoyant hopes of the com
munity. All cycftT-'iiro anxiously
turned toward tho heavens, Implor
ing tho gontlo messenger to descend
and onco moro refresh vegetation,
and scttlo tho dust, which, by tho
way, Is "huge." Stock, however,
was never known to do hotter In any
country than they have hero all sea
sonnil fat, or rapidly becoming so,
and It is not at all unlikely that they
will continue to faro better through
out tho whole of thl.S year than tho
lust, as tho bunch grass is seeding
out now, while last(year it did not
tho seed of this grass proving as cfli
dent In. fattening properties osf al
most any grain that wo produce'.
The weather, for tho last fow days,
has become, oppressively warm, nnd
thero aro good indications of nit 11
now. Lot it come. Thero has been
no good general ruin in Umatilla
county for moro than two months,
yet as thero was so much moisture
during tho winter, crops will suffer
much less thnn might be Imagined.
Sheop, which is tho all-nbsorbirig
subject of the day, as though it wero
tlto only business in which ready
fortunes aro to bo had, aro command
ing the attention of their owners,
who, generally, are Just through
lambing their flocks, and now are
stripping them of their fleeces.
Sheep-shearers get eight cents per
head for shearing. April Is usually
the month in which sheep-men here
lamb their flocks; hut it would have
licen far better for them had they
this year chosen March, as the wea
ther was moro suitable, and conse
quently less loss of the increase
would have been sustained.
Moro thnn usual Interest is mani
fested by tho citizens of this section
In securing titles to their homes,
nnd stock-mon are buying up tlie
watering places, nnd thus" securing
the range for their hords.
There Is a good demand for labor
ers at present, and will constantly
bo Increasing until tho harvest sea
son is ended. Men. for commnn
work on ranches, get from $30 to $40
per month throughout tho year, and
In saw mills, teaching, Ac., from $40
to $(50 kt month. In harvest wages
aro $2 per day. School-teachers for
common schools are paid from $40 to
$50 per month with board.
F. B. Loci an.
Birch Creek, May 20, 1872.
ItEiMPiiANTATiox.-Wo mentioned
some months ago that a member of
tho Odontologlcal Society hod sue
cceded in replanting teeth which
had been extracted In consequence
of disease. To tho process by which
this was accomplished he gavo the
name "reimplantation." Anothn
member of tho same Society has now
had the operation tried on himself
nnd with success. Tho tooth, which
had been for somo timo painfully nf.
fected by changes of' temperature
was carefully pulled out, to provent
straining or tearing of tho gum ; tho
dental canal was eleansed, tho de-
cayed part was scraped from the
crown, and stopping applied in the
usual way, nnd then the tooth was
replaced In Its socket. Tho opera
tion lasted about half an hour : for
three or four hours thero was a dull
aching pain, which, however, entire
ly ceased before noon'of the follow
ing day, though some tenderness re
mained. This in turn disappeared
and by tho end of a fortnight, tho
roplnntcd tooth did withoutdifflcnlty
nil tho duty which a tooth is expected
to do. From this it will bo under
stood thnt a tooth slightly diseased
at tho root need not bo thrown away,
nnd that persons who object to an ar
tificial tooth may with nroner mm
retain tho teeth which nnturo gave
them. Chambers' Journal.
TAuaiiTToCmvT. Ayouiigman
was lately tried nt Brighton, Eng
land, Sessions, nnd convicted of steal
ing no fewer thnn 1,082 articles. Tho
prisoner mado n speech on tho con
clusion of his trial, in which ho de
clared first, that ho had never stolen
any nrticlo whatever until ho had
been unjustly suspected 2 and -that
suspicion mndo him n thiof. Sec
ond, ho nfllrmcd that while it was
truo he had stolen from his employ
ers to plcaso himself, he had stolen
far moro from customers to please his
employers. Ho intimated that they
had taught him to cheat, nnd he'hnd
proved nn apt scholar ; bdt thnf. un
happily, whon tho villalny'they had
taught was exerted against them
selves, they had turned to crush him.
Ilchnd added somo trenchant obser;
tlonson tho relation between traders
and shopmen. Tho latter, ho said,
wero expected (to overreach, custo
mers, and, if they did not, or could
not, they wero soon sont about (heir
business,
PAitTiruiiAiM of tho lato earth
quake in Syria nre now coming to
hand. Tho fatalities were, not tho
greatest in tho city of Antioch, but
wero heavier In tho -vicinity of tho
city. A letter from Antioch, dated
the 4th of April, says: "Tho Ameri
can Protestant church was severely
injured, and few of the Amorican
community were killed. All mem
bers of missionaries are safe. Tho
number of persons killed .in, the city
of Antioch is less than 300 but it U
kiiown that 1,000 perished in tho sur
rounding towns of tho 'country,
whore tho shocks wero as sovero, if
not greater, than here. This num
ber may be Increased. Tho distress
of the people will bo only temporary,
as tho crop prospects aro good. The
supply of provisions on hand is moderate."
A man who gets a woman worth
her weight in gold has not secured
so verv great a prlxe after all. Tlio
Em3Sffuof Javerage feminine,
somebody has taken trouWo to ascerl
tain, will balance only nlut $90,080
KDIU. llllll. In thoon i....- 1
considered hardlv worth hinwin
I 1
of.
Thk sweotcst, most clinging affec
tion, is often shaken by tho sllghest
breath of unkindness, as tho dellcnto
rings and tendrils of 'tho vine aro
agitated by tho faintest nir that blows
In summer. An unkind word from
ono beloved often draws blood from
many n heart which would defy tho
battlo axe of hatred, or thokeon
edge of vindictive satire. Nny, tho
shade, tho gloom of tho face famil
iar nnd dear, awakens pain. Theso
are the llttlo thorns, which though
men of a rougher form may make
their way through them without
feeling much', extremely Incommode
persons of, a more refined raraln
their Journey through life,' and make
their travelinff rKsomo ann unpleas
ant. . , ' ,
lniCalifornla. editors aro exempt
oil from Jury duty.' A similarpro
.vision should be adopted hero ; for
if a man who only reads a new6pa-
erbo aeemou unat to, serve on a
ury, the" man" who edits it must be
lOUWVSO. i ..wJfli
doubly so.
.' '- "". f'llflt.