s
WILLAMETTE FAEMER.
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lornspoitbfitff.
COTKRIflXU OHKfiO.V.
Ni:ak Hamcm, April 30, 1872.
Kii. Faiimkk: In answer to many
letter? addressed to nic, and espec
Inlly one lately from W. K. Reed,
who Is ono of your .subscribers In
Pennsylvania, I will endeavor to
tnnko 6omo explanations of commun
ications of mino In your paper. My
statements, formerly, woro .snjjK-el
to Imply that tho brush, nwnlo and
marsh lauds in Western Oregon,
were tho only good grass lands which
wo have. These are preferable for
grass, us they produco more liny ami
irusturagc, If properly set In tame
grasses, than our rleh, Muck or red
lands do. Itut tho 1 ist named lands
will nlso produce moderately good
grass, hut should he run in grains,
and gardens, and general root crops.
With excellent railroads, and good
navigation in our midst, and West
ern Oregon being the Egypt of this
Slate, It Is bad policy In us to run
much grain lands in grass, and come
in competition with our Eastern
ue!gh!xrs in rearing Mock, as they
can ever make (wo dollars to our one
in ralslnggood Mock. Their millions
of acres of prairie lie open to Mock
tho year round, and s,ueh bunch grass
as they have there, cannot bo ex
ceeded in America without any
.seeding down or any expense. Not
tho twentieth aero there is good, ar
able laud, while In Western Oregon,
a largo proportion of ourhlll and dale
lands is excellent for cereals and gar
dens. The wild grasses In Western
Oregon are moMly eaten out. A suf
ficient amount of cows and horses for
domestlu use, can and ought to Ik)
kept in the const region of our State.
Our tamo grasses, anil the vast
amount of hay and root crops, can
keep our cows and horses In lino con
dition the year round, with the addi
tion of some oats and mill feed to the
work horses. 1 repeat again that
there Is n strong inducement ottered
hero toensteru dairymen. Tho price
of good butter, commands the year
round, on an average, :W cents per
pound in coin.
It is well known that all original
land titles are good in Oregon, liny
era of lands hero can ulwaysasccrtnln.1
from tho records of our courts, as, Now, Mr. Editor, why should not
to any Hens or Judgments against j tho sheepmen of Oregon be equally
IiuhIm offered for sale. The low alive to their Interests? Have they
prices at which our lauds can Ik'i"1 hwt sulllclent by the.e worthless
Uiught In congenial distances from eurs Iu the last year, to not only ex
our railroads nud navigable rivers, eitothe Interest of sheepmen In their
scorn to surprise our friends iu tho 'own behalf, hut lo call down on the
Ktates,aud cause some doubts to arise j devoted heads of worthless runaliout
in their minds, as to the truth and! eurs, that which their acts would
fairness of the matter. Tho govern- Justly bring, an unrelenting warfare
meut was lavish In donating lauds i of extermination 7
to actual settlers iu Oregon, former- There is not, or can be, the slight
ly, and large laud grants to the State, 'est objection to Mich u law.
and the homestead and pre-emption,' That a good, intelligent nud faith
lauds Iu force, lauds aro more plenty ful dog Is a benefit to all men, and
hero than people. The laud grant to especially tho farmer, we do not de
tho O. tt C. It. II. Ca hero on IkUIi ny. Yet thnt nton should hold willy
tildes of the road, covering uUmlM' valuable property without paying
miles In width-odd sections-and taxes thereon, we do not think can
the oven section belonging to (lov- bo Justice to tho tax-payers. A man
eminent Mug subject to home- has a horse, u cow, a sheep, or a pig,
stead and pre-emption laws, aro nil he Is taxed according to Its value,
sold nt two dollars and fifty cents per Not so w Itli the dog; his value Is not
acre, when applied for. Peltiers' 'considered, If It bo a thousand del
lands aro held at from four to forty l"rs or a thousand mills. So much
dollars per ucro, according to quality, 'for the value of our canine friend,
locality and Improvements. There Ofeoun-o we shall have some opposl
if not ii section of country In the tlon to such a law, but .such opposl-
united States where U'tler and surer
investments In real estate can lie
made, than iu Western Oregon.
And those brush lands to which I al
luded to In my letter iu the Wu.
i.AMKriK Faiimeii, are here, and
purchasable, nud good for grass, nud
grain, Just as 1 stated.
Wo want ,
good settlers of vurlcd
occupation '
and pursuits, hut especially farmers, . will bo a universal necessity staring
iuid dairymen and gardener. Good iu the face of our next legislature,
mechanic, school teacher and u let us look uhout us for some menus
small number of clerks are nNi'of drawing the attention of that body
needed, to It. why not Imitate our Ohio
And hero lot mo remark, mid 1 do friends; circulate our petitions and
not wish to bo misunderstood, Oro- get such a wholesale endorsement of
gon is not heaven, and we arc not all ' Hi that honorable members sitting at
of us, oyc',exccpt most of our ladle.", tlioir ease may not scoff thereat.
Wo liv much misty weather from i Who la there ho will " movo in this
Nov. to April, and luthuttimo tho matter"? Won't our Mlntoos, our
blues ester many persons here. Hut ( Thomas Smiths, our Goers, our J. L.
tlib delightful weather, roads, and Pnrrlsh, our Dufurs, think of It.
benuty of tho Holds and landscape In While they are thinking, and we
our dry season chnso away that ordi
nary complaint. One thing is cer
tain that three-fourths of those who
succumb to the blues here, mid
movo away, return again In ono to
five years, and permanently to re
main here. Our worthy, obliging
and excellent land agents in Western
Oregon, especially In Portland and
Salom, are over ready to glvo all
persons In tho Stalo every profitable
information of our lands, ellmnto,
prices, health and propocK Wo do
not want any bummers or rum
mies here. If temperate, moral and
Industrious persons will arrive hero
by ears or otherwise, and not be too
easily discouraged, but look around
them, and uso caution in locating
themselves, they will all do well, '
and soon become contented and well-
to-do livers. I
The more capital that new eomers
can bring With them hero tho better
for them and us. Yet wo need a
good supply and incrcau of ncrvo
and brain capital. Under the isola
ted condition of our .State, till lately,
it Is u matter of astonishment that
Oregon now presents the grand ap
pearancewealth, education, relig
ion, public and private Improve
ments, manufactories, navigation,
railroads nud commerce that It
does. Contradictory statements on
all these things are .-prcad Itcforo
the public In tho Kast concerning Or
gou. All do not succeed here well
or alike. Tho unsuccessful look
through a dark cloud, while the
lucky ones look through a clear sun
shine; hence these contradictory
statements. Raviij Nnwsoii.
for I Ihi WIIUnu lie 1'irnu r.
IMIIJ T.U.
Under the iiImivo caption, the Cin
cinnati Weekly ''tine, of March 28th,
has the following .sensible paragraph
In relation to taxing the sheep-killing
dogs of that .State :
"A petition will bo nut in circulation
on election diiv.iislciiif'fiirHlirnfi-ti mill
I iinivhicr llin l.oirMlirilttl if Mm Utnin
of Ohio to pass an act, levying n
tax of one dollar per head
on every doir in said State. Said tax
to bo used as a sheep fund to pay for
Itlchland anil other counties aro
1 moving actively in this matter, and
. we hopo that every county and town-
w ii s teen mnv no uu en nv huom.
snip in me Miuo win ncariiiy co-op-
erato In this wise matter."
tlou will not be, cannot be, upon
principle. It Ii only soltlsh opposl
tlou forselllsh ends. Thoso men who
have so many live hundred dollar
dog killed, will oppose It. Yet on
principle why should they'.' It cer
tainly seems to mo that one dollar on
live hundred Is cheap taxation.
Hoping, and knowing that this law
hopo ncting, let every man who lias
a voice rnlso It In favor or this meas
ure. Would it not lx) well, while imi
tating our Ohio friends In the spirit
of tho law, to benefit by tho differ
ence of our position In appropriating
this "sheep fund" toward helping
along the meritorious objects of our
wolf-scalping societies. Let us not
trrudeo tho only curs tho value of
their HI earned meal, but apply it in
sucli n way as to cause a less number
of such repasts in tho future, by of
fering n bounty, If need be, on sheep
killing dogs.
Again, wliilo those engineers,
through tho ordors of lion Ilolladay,
or at least with his silent approval,
arc dashing train after train through
the many flocks of sheep on tho un
fenced line of the Oregon nnd Califor
nia Railroad, they are only assisting
the curs in their attacks upon one
of tho most useful branches of hus
bandry of this State. Farmers, let us
not forgot them at (he polls next
June. Keep this .stone rolling until It
Is covered with a verdict of Justice to
tho sheep owners'. ,i. v. h. h.
LKTTKK FROM Ml'LT.VOMAII.
Ed. Fahmi:k: As I contemplate
starting In n few days to attend a
meeting of tho United States Cen
tennial Commissioners to bo held in
Philadelphia, May 22d, perhaps a few
words from ono who owes much to
tho fertile soil nnd generous climate
of Oregon, may bo read with sonio
interest by my old farmer friends
who havo labored with mo for the
last ten years to advance the indus
trial Interests of our State.
The constant attempts being made
by the political papers of both parties
to divert the mind of tho producing
masses from their true Interests, is in
strong contrast with tho efforts of tho
Wii.lamihtj; FAitMKit, and its con
tributors, to develop tho immense
resources, and draw the attention of
Immigrants and capitalists to tho
natural wealth of Oregon, and will bo
duly appreciated by overy right
minded citizen, nnd especially by the
farmers through our entiro commun
ity. Although I sometimes hear It
stated by tendor-locd politicians that
they are afraid tho FakmkuIs med
dling with lwllllcs too much, I for
ono cannot see the impropriety of ov
ery agricultural papor, Iu faet I Ik
liuvo it to Ik) their Imperative duty
to urge every farmer, without party
distinction, to bo ns particular nbout
the representation of their own in
terests in Rtato and National legisla
tures, as they aro to secure tho best
seeds for planting nnd sowing, tho
most profltablo manner of cultivating
tho soil, or tho choicest breeds of cat
tle, sheep and hogs, to bo adopted for
general breeding throughout tho
State. Tho bold nnd independent
stand taken by the Fakmkk in this
matter, and the liberality that paper
has always manifested In nllowlng u
ireo interchange or opinions by tho
farmers through Its columns of ev
erything connected with their gen
eral Interests, will, I think, result In
correct conclusions being arrived jit
without impugning any one's mo
tives, or ascribing to them any of the
dap-trap phrases that till tho vocab
ulary of Iwth political ixirtles, and
seems almost to bo tho entire stock iu
trade that either has nt tho present
time in bring before the public. Tho
question of cheap, quick, nnd easy
transportation of agricultural pro
duotlons to market ns well as freight
of all kinds, is a subject of tho most
vital importance not only to the
farmers and mechanic, but also to
ovory ono wishing tho development
and future prosperity of our young
and growing State. In discussing
this subject, It seems to mo that somo
of your correspondents in their ef
forts to caution tho farmers to bo on
tho Alert, and guard against future
Imposition by Hen Ilolladay nnd It.
U. monopolies, have not fairly con
sidered tho immense lonoflts our
Stato has already obtained, nnd must
inovitably derive from tho gigantic
systom of It. R. enterprlso already
Incorporated In our midst. And
whllo I would enutlon tho farmers
and mechanics against allowing
combined capital In any form by leg
islative enactments, to obtain power
to control and suppress the Industries
of tho iKiople, still we must remem
ber that R. JR. cannot bo built with
out a combination of capital, nnd that
the price of farming land, mineral
binds, coal, stono quarries, mlll-
attnu In filiif nil tho lllltllr
natural re-
oiiviji ... .w -. ...
sources of every State, and especially
this of ours lia.s been advanced In
proportion to tho R. R. enterprise ' than 20 miles and nt an avcrago dis
manifested and sustained In their Itancc of 10 miles. Now, Mr. Editor,
midst. Tho rapid advance of lands , I appeal to you nnd your renders, if
of overy description, nnd tho thrift
manifested In ovory department of
Industry in our Stnto for tho last few
years, nro too apparent to lie slightly Creek, Lono Creek, and north fork of
overlooked, and whllo tho farmers John Day's.
and mechanics In Iwth State and Nn-1 Wo havo petitioned and rcmon
tional legislatures should seo that st rated, but all in vain. Resides tho
guards nre placed to protect their In- j unnoynnco of never getting our mall,
tercsts against tho encroachments of It Is very Inconvenient. I havo go
combined capital, they should bo, but two numbers of my papor slnco
careful not to obstruct tho courso of
that capital which is distributing
millions of dollars in our midst, nnd
bring improvements and wealth to
our own doors. A. J. Durun.
Multnomah Co.. April 25, 1872.
Kor tbo Firmer.
WIIE.V TO KILL FKKX.
hy. pium w. it. chancy.
Iu reply to numerous letters of In
quiry, I will inform the readers of
the Faumku that tho Sun enters Leo
July 23d, Iu tho year 1872, nt which
time tho Moon Is transiting from op
position to conjunction, which occurs
Aug. -Ith, that is, "now moon," as
you will see by your almanac. Hence,
from July 2i)d, till Aug. .'Id., Inclu
sive, will bo u favorablo period for
destroying fern, oak grubs, and nil
noxious vegetable life. Rut Aug. ild
will bo by far tho most fatal day, for
then both tho Sun and Moon will bo
iu tho sign Leo, nud " In tho dark of
tho Moon."
Ry way of inducing people to avail
themselves of this opportunity to kill
weeds, grubs, etc., and who nro In
clined to treat my prescription as a
superstition, I copy an extract from
a letter recently written by W. S.
Gilliam, Ksq., of Walla Walla :
II T unit tv PWfn ,i A.i,. 1,...u cl.,
m. urn. .. A.v.n.. .VI UHlQITIIIVVi
and he is anxious to loam tho right
tlmo Tor killing fern this year. Ho
tells mo that tho fern which ho
nlowed at tho tlmo you designated
mis men. ouen Knowledge is cer
tainly very valuable, if It always
proves rcllablo : in faet I would Ilka
to know myself." i
Mr. Gilliam Is a son of Col. Gilliam, '
formerly of Oregon, nnd n very Intel-
llgont Agriculturist. Naturally
sceptical, ho demands facts instead
of theories. Hence, tho fact obtained
from Mr. Rifts was of nioro value to
him than n thousand of my theories.
Mr. Pitts is also of a similar typo of
mind. When men liko thcso be
como enabled to uccept of a now
truth, tholr lufluenco in its behalf is
worth far more than that of tho over
credulous, who believe too readily.
This reference is made solely with a
hope of inducing men of tholr typo
to test tho theory offered, before pro
nouncing it u whim and superstition.
KA8T 9 THK CASCABE8.
Willow Crcik, Umatilla Co., I
Ontaos, April ill, 11. f
liistcrn Oregon no longer forms nn
luiiiiiiHiruiiii imcKnu ui wm nunc oi
Oregon. Her resources are beginning
to bo known and felt her bleating
flocks and lowing hords nro looked
to with peculiar Interest, by both tho
nuu.ubd.rer and lover of good oeef
and mutton. If the Wlthunotto cu,
produco tho host wheat, Eastern Ore-
gon caii raise tho Hnest calves nnd '
fi.o .. !... ,..i. i.j.
unimportant Integral of the Stnto of
uiuiini-uiiKH, ii-i-i. wu uur rii-ii uui-
torn hind wo can produce as flno veg-.
etahlos ns can bo found in any mark'
ct. Corn doos much better here than
In tho Willamette In this section
fruit has not been tried yet. Many
are planting fruit trees
apples, peaches, pears,
cherries, which promise
Wlm ttinlr nf ...oil r....ll UI . I.. At. -
- 1
ivax ui man KII. Ill 11 VS la Hie .
great drawback of this country.
Ami If the Postal Agent, Mr. Undor
wood, is not wantonly ignorant or
wilfully negligent, ho at least treats
us with shameful indifference.
Ry your permission, Mr. Editor, I
wlh to present tho facts as they re-1
ally exist in relation to our mail fa
cilities. There is-a tri-weekly mail from
Tho Dalles to Pendleton which fol
lows around up tho Columbia leaving
tho settlements far in tho interior
and supplying not a dozen persons
with mall between Tho Dalles and
Umatilla and leaving destitute nf
, mail, nt
least a thousand settlers
nono of whom get tliolr mall nearer
this Is not simply shameful?
Tho settlements destitute of mail,
comprlso Ruttcr Creek, Willow
Novcmbor whnt do you think of
that ? Many of our stock raisers like
tho Faiimeh, and would tako it, If
they had any assurance of getting H.
All wo Ask for is a weekly pony mail
passing through these settlements.
Tho cost would bo but a trifle, but tho
advantage to us would bo great.
! Allow mo now In conclusion to say
i that wo not only nsk it ns a favor hut
demand it nu ono of tho dearest
rights of our Republlcnn form of
government. T. II. Wilson.
Geiimanh. A writer in tho Agri
culturist sums up tho characteristics
of Germans in this wise :
Their great forte is saving. I havo
n Gorman neighbor, a well-to-do
farmer, who always has money in
the bank. Rut if ho owes you any
thing, ho never thinks of giving you
a check not he. Ho knows a trick
worth two of that. Ho sells some
thing from tho farm. After ho has
dono his day's work, in tho ovoning,
ho picks up a few apples, or potatoes,
or squashes, or a fow heads of cab
bago, a basket of eggs, and a little
butter or lard, or perhaps a bushel or
two of nice hand-picked beans.
Thcso ho puts in a spring-wagon, nnd
tho next morning before I am up ho
is half way to tho city, nnd by tho
tlmo I am through breakfast ho is
back with tho money. It la far easi
er to glvo a check on tho bank. Rut
that man would' run iu dobt for a
hundrcd-Acro farm nt $150 nnd pay
for it. I couldn't. I can rnlso ns
good crops ns ho docs perhaps bet
terand tho receipts from my farm
per aero aro larger than his, but ho
and his family do all their own work,
boys wants to got married, tliero Is
luonoy j thu bJJnk to raako Ul0 flrst
paymont on a small farm nnd glvo
him hirt In life.
ami wncn one or ins urignt, ncuvo
Hops. Thnt, good hops aro now
very .scarce Is well known. That tho
crop of 1872 will open nt high prices
may bo considered certain. That it
will be sold for, nt least, fair prices
Is almost ccrtuin. Should there bo, a
" general crop, tno supply woiuu un--,
doubedly fail far short of tho demand.
Rut if there should bo a fair crop
generally iu tho hop growing re
gions, there seems to us no nocd of
fears of a hop famine. That, thoso
who havo hop yards will secure a
largo money return for good caro
given them this yenr is doubtless
true, but wo should bo sorry to seo
any revival of tho " hop fever." Let
thoso who proposo setting out now
vards, do so only nftor carefully con
sidering the. whole mattor. Hwm.
Iltrmtr.
m
The Superintendent of ono of tho
largest and most celebrated railroads
; " ,r, ""! ""-t v iiVi.n htlroa
jftJgj
condition and considered safe." Aa
a chain is only as strong as the iweak-
"? "? wuld M5?,21ft5JniJ;
igahnaSSJaflS
c?J&""ro feT-3fcw York Ob-
tercer.
r77T M-i,.rn
The President. of the Northern
in this country, says in iiisiosi repors
piWe luilroad company deniea tho
foment that a quantity of ndlroad
Iron had arrived In Now York from
England for the above company, u
says that It is tho intention to-use
none but American iron on that road.
A.VHa
!MU
l.7 11.. ...- r..lm uuiiui
glvo Its power lUIr scope. Wltrij ev
ery increase of' magnifying power u
becomes essential to secure a greater
purity of tho atmosphere-
Miw.iSaraii J. Halo issiilUa her
jiook.mlAt which sho has been asso-
elated during half of her life.
this spring- a nkw telescope, with a tntny-in
, plums and inch object class, lias wenoum
to do well. York, England, bur it wuiw ...-
ti tttlTA If- MIT. nr imiL UU1IUHJ w
W lhV IV JW wa - -
iM