WILLA-MET.TE' ?AJ3.MiE:R.
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WHAT KIXDS OF GKAPKS-TIIK BKST.
Ei). Faiimi:k: I Imvo boon re
quested to state, through your col
umns, " what kinds of grapes expe
rience has proven lost for tho Wil
lamette valley?" Now this Is ii
dllllcult 'iiicstioti to answer iroierly.
Tlio valley of tho Willamette Is not,
iu wo understand the term, a valley;
for there nro hills, prairies, flats,
mountain -.spurn, alluvial bottoms
along tho rivers, creeks, branches,
and spring-), all fullllllug the term
vounlri, and not valley. A valley Is
u low Htrlp of laud lying between
hills, or mountains, and generally
lining the margin of a stream. The
physical features of tho so-called
Willamette valley are various and
great, so much so, indeed, as to pre
clude the possibility of classing the
whole country under (he local term
valley. There aro mountain-spurs
west of the (.W'udes, and east of tlio
Coast mountains, which aro, near
tho mountains high, rolling, and
descending to the largo valleys and
prairies below. These are good laud,
and are covered, In many liiitimiTs
with llr, but mostly with oak, often
large. Tlio Miiithcru slopes of tlic.-c
descending, and often broken, ridges
and bills aro Hue for till hardy grape
vines. They are rich enough, ele
vated above early and late fro-ts ;
are dry, and possess all (lie pro
organic matter, as well us organic, to
grow grapes of superior quality.
The hills near, or on either side, the
Willamette river, are all lino prai
ries. Low, wet, fruity lands, no mat
ter bow rich, .should never be plant
ed to vines. Rolling prairies, dry
bottom", and valleys, are all good for
vines ; but still the best lauds aro
IhcMtuthcm dopes of high hills.
What kinds of grapes V Of na
tive, -i) far as my experience goes,
siNiiiucd by that of others, the following-named
vines do well : Dela
ware, Concord, Martha, Hartford,
and perhaps Allen's, Arnold's, and
some of Roger's hybrids, nNo Clin
ton, Colon Village, Diana, as well as
Itebccca, Anna, loua, Israclla, AdI
roudae. The last live are, with me,
quite lender, and they mildew anil
rot. The old Isabella and Catawba
are still grown by many, but, unions
in n few favored locations, they are
late in ripening, and sometimes tho
berries or fruit aro frosted, and tho
ends of the vines are often killed,
alo.
For tuhle use, the Martha, Dela
ware, Allen's Hybrid, Itebccca, lona,
and pel haps Israclla, are the best.
I'or iclih', Delaware, Martha, Clin
ton, lona, A nun, and Catawba. There
are many other wine grapes which
have a Imttl reputation, as the Nor
ton, lves, Kent, etc. Hut as 1 am
no admirer of wine, and shall dep
recate tho day when wine shall till
our laud, I bog leave to say no more
about wine grapes. These who love
wine can consult (leorgo lliismauu,
A. lluras.thy, William J. Klagg,
Charles lteemeliu, and others.
I'or .iri'ii, the Clinton, tbethe
(Hog. No. 1), Diana, llraut (one of
Allen's hybrids). Youmay keep
these grapes. In line condition, for
months. All good-keeping grapes
should be extensively cultivated ;
for what can be better, of long win
ter evenings, than to have a basket
of rich, well-preserved, mid nearly
as good as fresh, grapes V A luxury
few know tho value of. Supinno, all
over this country, ovory family had,
the winter through, an abundance
of grapes to eat, how much healthier
would all bo? drapes cool thesystem
and prevent fevers ; they regulate
the stomach and digestive apparatus;
they prevent worms, and Invigorate
tho whole system. drapes often
cure diseased kidneys, aid the dys
peptic, ward oil consumption, and
Induce, long life, lit this mild dim.
uto, we live too much animal food.
Wo need, and ought to use, more
fruits. Our health demands a large
percentage of fruits with our more
concentrated food. Hence tho great
use of, ami necessity for, gropes,
Wine would only aggravate tho evil.
The best ywxw nro the foreign.
Tho iilnck Ilnmburg, Muscat d'Al
exandria, Chassehis do Fontalno-
hlcau, Frontlgnan (white and red),
Royalo Muscadine, Black St Peters,
Ulnck Prince, etc. Tho Mack July
Is ulso a foreign grapo ; it is early,
but not of first quality.
Now, If wo can grow to perfection
in tills climate the foreign grapes,
wo need no others. My experience
is, therefore, favorablo to tlio suc
cessful growingoftheso noble grapes,
Tlio splendid grapes grown at JJutte
vllle, near tho Willametto river, In
Marlon county, is proof alo to tho
same ciroct, besides tlioro is much
proof otherwise. 1 have grown as
lino Ulack Julys, Gros Coulards,
and Cliasselas do Fontalnnlcnus, as
can be found anywhere. I shall prop
agate tlio Chussclasdc Foutainbleiui,
believing it to bo one among the licit
of grapes. It would bo well for
few, as an experiment costing but
little to try growing the foreign
grape, and at some future time re
port success or failure.
And now, Mr. Fakmiiii, why can
not homo of your various vine
growers write a Httlo for us, giving
their success or failure in growing
either iw miti're or fom'in vines?
An article from tlio proprietors of
tlio liuttevlllo vineyards could not
fall to be of Interest. All fruit
growers have an interest to main
tain, and nil should help along the
good cause. Farmers, and Fruit-
(irowers, let us hear from you.
Pnn.o-ViTis,
1 iT I ZJ? O) .. J. w
u)ine. r r7jvjisfj fmx j ir7r
CO.NVEBSATIONS.
Jto.si: Ut'TTiNds. One of tho best
methods of securing the success of
these, says a recent writer, Is to stick
the cutting nlout an Inch deep into
clean river sand with properly pro
pared solljibotil an Inch below to re
ceive the roots as they strike. The
clean sand prevents the rotting.
A eorre-poudont of the Horticultur
ist succeeded with this when ovory
other mode failed and says ho does
not lo-o one In twenty.
k f .
U.ULV KH'.ltt'lSK.
Without regular exercho no horse
can long bo kept in health, and 1 be
live that as far as this point is con
cerned even tho-o which are hard-
worked would bo tho better for half
an hour's airing every morning as
soon as they have been fed and be
fore they uru dro.-sed. Hut thoso
masters who aro particular about tho
mouths of the animals they ride or
drive, tlud that tho hands of their
grooms tiro generally so heavy that
they spoil tho delicate "feel" on
which the comfort and pleasure of
riding and drlvlngso much depunds.
Ileuce In such cases the poor horso
is condemned to contluemeut In his
stable, not only on the day when ho
is to be ridden or driven, hut on
tluxo also when ho Is to be Idle.
The health of tho ltody Is sacrillced
to tho maintenance of tho delicate
condition of the mouth which is so
highly prized by good horsemen and
accomplished whips, and I confess
that 1 plead guilty to having for a
long series of years of years uctod
upon this principle. A fair share of
health may be attained without ex
orelo If tho work Is never Interrup
ted for more than a single day, and
at tho same time there being only
one pair of hands to Interfere with
the mouth, Its delicacy is not im
paired, that is to say If they tire not
as bad as those of the groom.
Sometimes a largo and smooth
sualllo Is allowed as an exorcise bri
dle In the hopo tllat it cannot injure
tho mouth, but oven this will do mis
chief if the weight of the rider Is
thrown upon It, as Is too often the
case. Leaving out of tho question
this objection to the adoption of ex
ercise, there can Iki no doubt that a
dally walk out of doors for half an
hour, especially If it can bo managed
on turf, will hoof tho greatest service
to the horse's health. Stonehaiie on
the J forte.
Tho extensive Nilt works in Park
county, Colorado, will bo, in active
operation next summer.
Till: IIOO IIL'SINESS.
En. Faumiiii : Thero Is ono mate
rial Interest to Oregon that is some
what neglected, and allowed, to a
very great extent, to die out that is
pork-raising. The American peoplo
aro n swlne-eatlnir ncoplo, and whe
ther or no swine's flesh bo healthy,
It will bo used m long ns an abun
danco of com can bo raised. The
Jews discard swlno's flesh altogether
as food, but wo arc not certain that
they are nearer right than we. Pork
is more nutritious than almost any
other meat, and should not ho eaten
In such great quantities as other
meats. If swino nro fattened prop
erly, their flesh Is as healthy as any
other meat. All animals tiro Ihiblo
to disease, but tho hog is no moro
so than sheep. Oregon being no
corn country, wheat becomes tho
basis of fattening; hence it Is hardly
probablo that pork can ever bo rais
ed as cheaply hero as in tlio corn
growing 8tates. Hut It will not do
to Import meats or anything elso
constantly that can be produced hero,
or our country will become poor Indeed.
Tlio first requislto In raising swino
Is to have good stock. The Berk
shire hog I considered by most rais
ers in tlio States as best. Tho Ches
ter White lias Its admirer, and
croxsed witii tlio Herkshlro makes a
splendid ling. Tho common wlnd
splltter or fern-digger well crossed
makes n fine hog. Mr. Thomas Cross
used to think ho had nlxiut as good
a hog as was needed for Oregon of
this cities. ThoJX-o.v Is certainly a
splendid hog, but is not so good to
erov with us other thoroughbred
hogs. The crosses of this hog are
not so even.
Tho next thing required Is plenty
of food. To have good hogs, with
tender, Juicy meat, they ought to bo
fed about all they will eat, so that in
nine or ten months they will bo fit
to kill. Old hogs seem to fatten
more easily, but are not so good
meat. March pigs fed on milk and
ulittlo wheat, and let run on Juno
wheat in summer till wheat begins
to ripen, and then turned upon that
till November, mid thou put In pens
and fattened till Christmas, make
perhaps tho finest lork for Oregon.
If clover can bo raised successfully,
this would lie bettor for growing
hogs, but there Is hardly lime
enough in our soils to make clover a
constant success. It does well for a
time, but loses its hold after a few
years.
I incline to tho Idou of making our
hogs feed themselves mostly ; that
Is, let them take tho wheat in tho
fields until tlio rain comos. We can
not afford to raise hogs oit threshed
grain, but grain in the fields is not
worth as much by twonty-llvo per
cent, us when threshed ; henco wo
can compete with tho Chicago mar
ket, although they feed corn. Wheat
in tlio fields can be produced In Or
egon for forty cents a bushel. Tills
being the case, meat ought to lie pro
duced for six cents per pound, but
management must be used hero to
rats-e hogs for this money. No slov
only funning will do it. No fern
dlggor hogs will do it. Shcop and
hogs In western Oregon are more
profitable than cattle, and will con
tinue to bo moro nnd moro so ns
eastern Oregon takes the cattlo bus!
nes.
Hogs and sheep can feed upon our
wet lands In wiutor, upon our winter
wheat or winter oats, and cattlo can
not ; henco tho greater profit in tho
two first. t. i.. n
tJviAfll.
WJMjLrUrtu
AAsJMlrtlwCTfafatUJ
foutfM4fScJtt (Jtfcl
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EXCLUSIVE SALE FOR OREGON FOR
JOHN DEERE'S MOIINE PLOWS!
BY FAIl Tim BEST PLOW IN USE.
WE ALSO 0FKEU FOH SALE THE CKI.KDUATE1)
COLLINS' CAST CAST-STEEL PLOW
For eltlicr Turf or StuJtllo Lund.
Joseph Harris says if he could Induce
every reader of the American Agricul
turint to make up his mind to never
let a year go past without making a
few ro.N of ditch, ho should feci he
hml accomplished something worth
living for. Ho thinks uiulcrdralnliig
will be the great farm work of the
next quarter of a century. Whllo
some IsuuU need it more than others,
ho bus never seen a farm some portions
of which did not need uiulcnlr.dnlnjj.
SPECIALLY
IMPROVED
FOR 1871.
Afi ?n
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has the
If NEW LEVER
ATTACHMENT
AGENTS FOR THE WELL KNOWN
BUCKEYE GRAIN DRILL!
THESE JHIIM.8 AUK MANUFACTURED BY
THOMAS & MAST, AT SPRINGFIELD, OHIO,
-Viil aro alio aiowt: SiiuuohnI'uI lrill in TJmo !
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THE MITCHELL WAGON.
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WILLAMETTE FARMER.
LARGEST EVER OFFERED IN THE STATE
$820.00 ITNT XT. IS. COX3XT
BaT The other Premiums are of the best quality, and aro offered at tho price
for which they are sold by responsible firms in this city.
GOLD PltKMIVns.
For tbr larcot number of iubcrlbn over
1U0, at I'i.W cch, two tu compete if 250 00
Larccit number over fiS, l 2.30 rack, two
tu compete 300 00
Largnt number orcr 73, it 1.W each, two
to compete ITS 00
Largril number orcr to, at $2.60 etch, two
tocompete 135 00
I.irCt number over S3, at JJ.M each, two
tocuoipcto 50 00
larceit number over 10, at fi.SO each .... 30 00
No perron 111 be allowed to compete for more
than one of thcie premiums, nor for any ono of
them In connection with the premium offered bjr
Mr. A. J. Dufur. I'arttea dctlrlng to compete will
Inform ui for which one, io that we may enter their
name In a book and credit them with aubtcribert'
name and money aa fit at rreclrrd by nt. far
Ilea will bare until the lt of Sept. next to com
pete for the above prlze, after which the namca of
the, partlci winning the prtiea HI be published In
the VanviK.
ACHICCLTHBAL MPLKnEXTS.
1'ltt'a Challenco Threahrr,0-hore acparalnr and
8-norao power. Imported by Cunningham, Salem
prle, fdtJ for 640 fubMribcr, at $130 each.
UucVrye Ilea per ami SclMIakcr.No. J, Imported by
Cunningham A Co., Salem price, $ao for 1U
tubtcriber.
Dodi'a Self Uaker Iteapcr and Mower, No. , Im
ported by eunnlnsbam, Salem-prlce, SU-for
ta aabaeriben,
New Yorl Mower and Kcapee price, MS tor SB
lubscrlbcr.
One 2-horio Ilaln, Sludcbakcr, or Mitchell WaRon
complclc price, $173 for 173 mbicrlbcrn.
Iluckcyo Mower, No, 3, Imported by Cunningham
& Co., Salem price, tl3 for 1S3 lubicribert.
Buckeyo Seed Dilll-prlce, $0-lor 1 subscrib
er. Flnlayton' liroadiat t Seed Sower price, $80 for
80 subscriber.
Junior Buckeye Cider Mill price, $33 for S3 tub-'
crlbor.
Wado'a Oregon Plow, hlgk landtldc, Qsh-tall Al
ter price, $19-for 30 subscriber.
IUanehard Churn, No. 0 price, $10-for 11 sub
scriber. HUSICAIi IMSTUUHENTS tc BOOKS
Mason & Hamlin's Cabinet Orcan. (style 21) to
ported by Stralton Waller, Salem-prlce, $175
for 173 subscriber,
Webter' Unabridged rictorlal Dictionary price,
$lS-for 13 subscriber.
Webster' National Pictorial Dlctlonary-pricc,$
for 6 ubacrtber.
Hardlnc's Photograph Family Bible, with clasp
price, $13 for 13 subscriber.
Guitar price, $13 for IS subscriber.
Violin price, $13 for 15 subscriber.
Elsln Silver Watch, 3oz. hunting case. (W.H.Ferry
movement,) value $10, for -W subscriber.
Mr. tlufar' premium cannot be claimed in con
ncctiou vv ith any of the forccolnf,
Naraea nay be added to list from any post-
Addreas, A, L. UTINSON, Pnblliher.
Salem. Or.
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