Pf IBxs EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Thurs.. Mar. 21, 1983
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Ask Andy
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Bolide anExplodirig Meteor
Andy sends a complete, 20-volume set of
tht World Book Encyclopedia to Jennie Joy
Lovelace, 14, of Sioux City, la., for her ques
tion: . What ire bolides?
Bolidea ire related to fireballs, to so-called
hooting stars and falling stars. Meteors are
ipsce-traveling lumps of minerals voyaging
for countless ages through the solar system.
Their space-ways are enormous. But every
hour thousands of speck-sized meteors collide
with the earth.
Traveling through empty space at speeds
ef 25 miles a second, a meteor suddenly
crashes into the resisting air of the earth. It
must jam on its brakes and slow down, and
its speed energy is turned instantly into heat
energy. The space traveler catches fire, and
the speck-sized meteors burn to ashes before
they crash the ground.
A meteor 10 pounds or more, however, is
likely to survive the fall. Its space traveling
days are done, and the lump of grounded
mineral is now called a meteorite. A large
falling meteor is bright enough to turn night
into day. We can call it a fireball or a bolide,
though we usually use the term bolide for
meteors that explode in the air.
For a few seconds, we see a blazing ball
of red or yellow, white or bluish green arch
ing down to earth. Behind it trails a streak
of fiery vapor often fringed with pinwheeling
sparks. When a bolide explodes high in the
air, the dazzling fragments scatter in all direc
tions. Air current high in the stratosphere
soon twists the fiery train out of shape, the
glowing specks and the whole spectacle dis
appear in a few minutes.
Out in space, the bolide is a cold lump of
dead minerals. It begins to slow down when
It meets resistance from the upper atmosphere
and catches fire perhaps 100 miles above the
ground. The sudden heat is terrific, and the
fall is so fast that only the surface of the
meteor catches fire. The inside remains stone
cold, even after a meteor or its fragments
strike the ground. The sudden surface heat
may crack the lump of minerals, and it be
comes an exploding bolide.
A meteor may travel the space-ways of the
solar system at 25 miles a second, while the
earth rotates at 18',-i miles a second. If it
strikes from one direction, its speed is added
to that of the rotating earth. A fireball may
. start its collision at 45 miles a second. But
the resisting air slows down this fantastic
speed as the meteor falls. It hits the ground
with no more force than any other falling
body. ,
Andy sends a Hammond's Nature Atlas
of America to Stephen Roberts, 12, of
Exeter, Calif., for his question:
Can a penguin swim?
The penguin is a flightless bird whose
wings are too weak to lift his bulky body
Into the air. He is not much good on the
ground where he must waddle along on short
legs and wide, flat feet. But in the water, the
dinner jacket bird is a champ.
. The slender wings of the penguin are
. adapted as flippers. He uses them to swim
under water where he seeks fishy food and
frolics with his friends and relatives.
Andy awardi each day a full set of the World
Book Encyclopedia for the first question he aelects
to answer, when a second question la answered a
Urge world globe or atlaa Is awarded. Questions are
accepted from teen-age or less-than-teen-age readers.
They should be addressed to the Register-Guard, 97S
High St., Eugene. Andy prefers that questions be
written on postcards, rather than In letter form.
National Parks Spruce Up
For Record Season in '63
WASHINGTON Spring clean
ing begins in winter for the Na
tional Park Service it needs
the head start to spruce up the
public's 26-million-acre estate.
'During the winter slack, rang
ers and maintenance men clear
roads, cut and mark trails, sup
plement museum exhibits and
scrub down visitor centers.
Some - 90 million people a
record number are expected to
visit the national parks in 1963,
Last year more than 88 millions
camo to camp, hike, ride,' swim,
fish, study or just sightsee from
car windows.
park visitors will find their
National Park System bigger
and better than ever, says the
National Geographic Society.
In the past two years, 13
parks, historic sites, memorials
and monuments totaling 232,544
acres Have been established..
Thrce new seashore parks are
In' the Park System, which prev.
lously had only Cape Hattoras.
Padre Island, a long sand reef
on the southern Texas coast,. Is
the greatest expanse of undevel
oped seashore in the United
States' portion of the Gulf of
Mexico. Point Reyes, Calif., fea
tures wind-swept caves, offshore
bird rookeries, and herds of sea
lions.- Cape Cod National Sea
shore preserves 27,000 acres of
cliffs and beaches, moors,
streams and pine-fringed ponds.
The National Park System
now includes 191 acres stretch
ing from the snow-white beach
es of Virgin Islands ' National
Park (n the Caribbean to the
flame-throwing volcanoes of
Hawaii. The system soars as
high as Alaska's snow-mantled
Mt. McKinley, drops as low as
Oregon's 1,998-foot-docp Crater
Lake.
Special events are featured in
Wonder whether the in
crease In average use of
electrical energy by residen
tial customers durinu 1981
was due to the use of more
electric can openers? Last
year 187 kilowatt-hours
more were used, bringing
the average residential con
sumption to 4,012 Kilowatt
hours per year.
O Hncyolopedla, Britannic
many parks. Hopl Indians, for
example, stage evening dances
on the south rim of Grand
Canyon. At Philadelphia's Inde
pendence Hall,., "sound and
light" pageants nightly drama
tize the story of American inde
pendence. A park historian in
Washington, D. C, helps young
sters dip bayberry candles at
Old Stone House, a. Georgetown
same refreshments that
George Washington's mother
gave her guests spiced older
and gingerbread are served on
Washington's birthday at his
birthplace at Popes Creek
Farm, Va.
A new underground display
trench at Russell Cave, Ala
bama, will enable visitors to
see how Stone Age Americans
lived 9,000 years ago. Russell
Cave, man s oldest known habi
tation in tho Southeast, was
given to the Park System by
the National Geographic Society
in 1958.
Tourist at Wctherill Mesa,
one of many canyon-scarred
hills in Colorado's Mesa Verde
National Park, may examine
the cliff dwellings and cere
monial kivas of Pueblo Indians
who reached a high degree of
culture before mysteriously van
ishing 700 years ago. The Na
tional Park Service and the Na
tional Geographic Society have
excavated three cliff cities and
uncovered skeletons, pottery
and grain.
B12 Controls
Pernicious
Anemia
By DR. JOSEPH G. MOLNER
Dear Doctor Molner: I am
a 27-year-old mother and I
have pernicious anemia. The
doctor says there is no cure,
only treatment which consists
of Vitamin B12 every two or
three weeks.
I feel a lot better but I lose
energy easily. Is there any
way I can fight this problem
without having "shots" the
rest of my life? Mrs. K.V.
Injection of Vitamin B12 ev
ery two or three weeks is the
standard treatment for perni
cious anemia.
You might feel much better
about things if you knew the
history of the disease and its
treatment.
Within my lifetime (and very
little more than yours) this dis
ease has changed from one
which was usually quickly .fatal
to one which can be kept under
control with great sureness.
Then came the discovery that
large quantities of liver would
control pernicious anemia.
This was a godsend. Patients,
otherwise marked for death,
were delighted to eat a pound
of liver a day and live.
It was assumed that there
must be something in liver
which accomplished this, but
years were required to find out.
After liver came liver extracts,
and from them finally Vitamin
B12 which, it turns out, is the
secret of controlling pernicious
anemia.
Having one injection every
two or three weeks is far sim
pler, you must agree, than forc
ing yourself to eat a pound of
liver every day.
So instead of rebelling against
the shots, reflect on how much
luckier you are than patients
who had the same disease only
a lew decades ago.
There is no way to "fight"
pernicious anemia except with
tnese suostantial doses of BIZ.
Dear Doctor Molner: Is it
common for a young man of
23 to have to Urinate every 30
or 40 minutes? I have been
that way for four months,
ever since I accepted a small
beer in a sleazy bar.
Does holding in the urine
strengthen the bladder?
W.F.N.
This problem is decidedly not
common at your age, and I sus
pect either a urinary tract in
fection or diabetes (either dia
betes mcllltus, meaning excess
sugar, or diabetes insipidus,
considerably different ailment
which does not involve sugar).
I doubt that the small beer, i
drunk in any kind of a bar, had
anything to do with it. That's
probably coincidence. I suggest
that you have a urinalysis, plus
whatever further tests may then
be indicated, to find out what
is wrong.
Sometimes a bladder, if un
dersized, may be stretched by
deliberately trying to hold In
the urine as long as possible,
but that applies only to healthy
individuals. It cannot overcome
disease condition, and I
strongly suspect in this case that
something is distinctly wrong
and needs treatment.
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