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AM INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
ALTON T. BAKER, Publisher, 1927-1961
In the Editor's Mailbag
Below Olympus
ALTON P. BAKER JR.
Editor and Publisher
EDWIN M. BAKER
General Manager
RICHARD A. BAKER
Managing Editor
ROBERT B. FRAZIER
Associate Editor
A. H. CURREY
Associate Editor
The Register-Guard's policy is the complete and
impartial publication in its news pages of all
news and statements on news. On this page, the
editors of the Register-Guard offer their opinions
on events of the day and matters of importance
to the community, endeavoring to be candid but
fair and helpful in the development of construc
tive community policy. A newspaper is a
CITIZEN OF ITS COMMUNITY.
Published every evening and Sunday morning
by the Guard Publishing Co.
12A
EUGENE, OREGON, THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1963
First You Need Something to Trade
Fidel Castro, the man who wasn't
there, grabbed most of the headlines
from San Jose, Costa Rica, where Presi
dent Kennedy met with the presidents
of six Central American republics.
Castro is, news, and so is whatever other
American chiefs of state say about him.
However, the main idea of the San Jose
meetings was not the cussing of Castro.
It was to work for the economic better
ment of Central America. This, of
course, in the long run works against
Castro, for Castros cannot come to pow
er and cannot survive in societies that
are economically' healthy.
President Kennedy talked with the
other presidents about how best to use
any money that comes to Latin America
through the Alliance for Progress pro
gram. Also of interest was a review of
the Central American Common Market,
a spectacularly successful experiment
not greatly different from the European
Common Market. Five of the six Central
American -Republics (Panama is not in)
belong to this economic union. In two
years trade among the five has increased
by 30 per cent.
This is encouraging. But it is in itself
no answer. More than just trade is
needed. The nations also need something
to trade, They need increased productiv
ity as well as increased distribution.
Here's where the Alliance for Progress
money can come in handy. Alliance
money comes in part from the Latin
American governments themselves, in
part from the U.S. treasury, private U.S.
investors, international organizations
like the World. Bank, and private Jap
anese and European investment. With
out such money, Latin America may re
main forever an undeveloped society.
Aldous Huxley, writing a pamphlet for
the Center for the Study of Democratic
Institutions, recently put it this way:
An underdeveloped society is a society
without adequate capital resources (for capital
is what is left over after primary needs have
been satisfied, and in underdeveloped coun
tries most pcoplo never satisfy their primary
needs); a society without a sufficient force
of trained teachers, administrators, and tech
nicians; a society with few or no industries
and few or no developed sources of industrial
power; a society, finally, with enormous ar
rears to be made good in food production,
education, road building, housing and sanita
tion. This fits Central America all too
well. The needs are so great that there .
is no surplus or, in the rare cases
where there is a surplus, the relatively
few who accumulate it invest it abroad
where the political situation is more
stable. Tied to this problem is the tax
structure in many Latin American na
tions. Taxes on high incomes are, by
U.S. standards, very low. Thus the capi
tal flees and not even the home govern
ment has money for capital improve
ment of the nation.
: Alliance for Progress funds should
be used in lieu of this non-existent home
capital. There is always a temptation,
however, to use it to satisfy the press-
ing, immediate needs of hungry people.
And, too often, the money is diverted
by those in power for their own narrow,
political ends.
It is important, too, that a stated
objective of the Alliance for Progress i
is the encouragement of "foreign"
(meaning in this case mostly U.S.) in
vestment in the Latin American econ
omy, This runs into two obstacles. First
is the natural fear of the foreign in
vestor that his investment will be the
victim of a creeping expropriation. This
he fears despite efforts to underwrite
some kind of insurance policy for him.
The other is the likelihood that this nec
essary foreign investment will be viewed
by local demogogucs as "imperialism."
If such a view is wide-spread, as it is
in many Latin American countries right
now, the U.S. investor realizes that by
investing to help the Latin American
economy he is also hurting the image
and interests of his own country.
It is with these economic problems
that the anti-Castro leaders of Central
America must come to grips. If they are
solved, or if the pcope can be convinced
they are about to be solved, Castro will
be no problem.
ft ft ' ft ft ' ft ft
Making It Official
Before they play the No. 1 ranked
collegiate basketball team of the nation
Friday night in Louisville, Ky., Oregon
State University's "surprise" western
champions will receive official congratu
lations and encouragement from the ,
State Legislature. An appropriate resolu
tion was rushed through at Salem Wed
nesday. Fervently, Oregon sports fans will
be hoping that this may help inspire the
Beavers to victory over Cincinnati Uni
versity. A Friday night win would mean
that the plucky OSU team would be at
least assured runner-up honors in the
national championship tournament at
Louisville. And, it could easily mean
that the Beavers would go on the next
night to win the championship, outright.
The Legislature, beset with all its
problems, must be excused for being a
bit tardy about congratulating OSU for
winning the western division title last
Saturday night. But those congratula
tions certainly are in order. The under
dog Beavers played masterfully in de
feating Arizona State for the right to go
on to the final round of the national
playoffs.
As for encouragement, the Legisla
ture's resolution should be especially
well-timed. It won't add any points on
the scoreboard for OSU, but it will make
Incontestable the point that all of Ore
gon has been stirred by the Beavers' re
fusal to be awed by any foe and by the
Beavers' constant improvement through
out the season now coming to its close.
Viewpoint
Murray Kemptnn in the Scik Republic:
Campaigns against pornography are
luburban by their first premise, which
is that evil comes from the outside and
that walls can be built against it.
Power Structure
With very few exceptions in history,
Congress, especially the Senate, has been
dominated by conservative members.
They have headed the committees, de
cided what bills could be introduced,
what bills considered. At the root of
this fact is the seniority system, which
gives choice assignments and chairman
ships to members who have been there
longest. Conservative voters are less
likely to change congressmen. So con
servative congressmen are more likely
to be re-elected.
Now, however, the New Republic
foresees a possible shift, suggesting that
the Senate five or six years hence will
be dominated by senators who are more
liberal. Noting that the conservative
Democrats, who now call the shots, are
mostly southerners, the magazine points
out that most of the southerners are
quite old. The more liberal senators,
however, ate quite young. Of the 17
incumbent Democrats now over 65, 10
are southerners. But of the 31 Demo
crats under 55, only four are southern
ers. The greatest number of funerals in
the next few years, one imagines, will
occur in the conservative ranks.
All this is fine with the New Repub
lic, which is the Bible of the capital "I,"
Liberal. However, a couple of other ob
servations should be made, too. Some
of tlu;sc young liberals won't grow to be
old liberals; they'll grow to be old con
servatives. It has been ever thus. The
other fallacy in the New Republic's wish
ful thinking is the assumption that the
young liberal Democrats, mostly from
the North and West, will continue to be
re-elected. Quite the opposite assump
tion must be made. The nothern and
western Democrats risk being defeated,
far more than do the southern Demo
crats of any ago and we can't say that
the younger southern Democrats who
replace today's leaders will be any more
liberal.
Letters Intended for the
Editor's Mailbag must be
signed with the correct name
and address of the writer. No
anonymous letters will be
published. Letters of less than
300 words in length will be
given preference as will
those in which the writer con
fines his letter to one topic.
For Local Girls
SPRINGFIELD (To the Edi
tor) I agree with the woman
who said the girls chosen for
the Boat Parade should be lo
cal girls.
Just why do they have to be
society girls, mostly from Cal
ifornia? This is a McKenzie
River affair, why not girls from
the McKenzie High School or
Thurston High? Perhaps two
from the high schools and two
from the university, whose
homes are in that area.
1 am sure we have as many
"lovely little ladies," (the way
they were described on radio)
in the -McKenzie region as any
where in the world.
JEAN PRIDMORE
150 W. E St.
Mexico
DORENA (To the Editor)
Thank you for the articles writ
ten by Harry Ferguson about
Mexico.
Too many people have had a
misconception of the true Mex
ico. They drive over the border
into Tijuana, then think they
have seen all there is to see.
Mexico is its people.
We were fortunate, last July,!
to visit down there, past No
gales. Old-fashioned courtesy,
thoughtfulness and true kind
ness are what we found every
where. It seemed to be an in
born fact with the people, which
I hope they never lose.
For instance, when you walk
into any of -their shops, they
want to talk. And they love to
have you bid on the article you
are interested in. They seem
disappointed with you if you
don't. I had a specific article in
mind I wanted to buy for my
daughter. The young lady I
talked to' didn't have it. But
within a few moments she lo
cated it for me, in another shop.
Anything to please.
We were "just looking" in
other shops, when we found a
young man who had worked in
Pendleton and other places in
Eastern Oregon. It was imme
diately evident that he had been
treated very good up here. We
could have had anything in his
shop, when he found we were
from Oregon.
' My husband wanted a decal
for our windshield. We inquired
at the police station. They didn't
speak English. We finally found
a gentleman who could speak
English and understood what
we were looking for. He closed
his shop and drove my husband
to the Chamber of Commerce
building. (Would anybody up
here do that?)
As we were waiting for my
husband (we had two friends
with us), a young, well-educated
man came by and started to talk
to us. He was a truly happy
person. When we were ready
to leave, we thanked him for a
pleasant conversation. His re
ply was "No. Thank you. You
come and sec us again. I'll be
around here next year, when
you come back." He knew we'd
like to.
As we crossed the very busy
intersection to go to our car,
one of our friends, who is ter
ribly crippled with arthritis,
couldn't cross the street fast
enough on crutches, so traffic
on all four sides slopped.
(Would we?) When he was
about to get into our car,
strangers opened the door for
him and helped him into the
car, as though it was their priv
ilege to help.
Where else can you hear a
sincere, "My home is jours,"
or "God go with you"?
We, too, found them to be a
hard-working people, but never
too busy to help a stranger. We
truly hope we will be able tn
visit them again.
MRS. T. O. ML'NROR
Disslon Rt.
D
unes
FLORENCE (To the Editor)
Why is Senator Ncuberger
still trying so persistently to
push a national park down our
throats? Facts were presented
at three Senate hearincs, which
are now a mailer of record,
proving without a doubt that
we don't need a national park.
The Forest Service and slate
parks are providing more rec
reational, camping, and tourist
facilities than a national park
would even allow to exist in a
national park. Or did Senator
Neuberger even bother to study
the facts in the Congressional
Record? Or do we have a sena
tor too egotislic.il to gracefully
accept defeat, back off and ad
mit she was wrong?
Any business operator in the
area will tell you the tourist
business is good here and is in
creasing every year. Why? Be
cause the tourist has freedom.
The tourists can turn their
kids and docs loose on the dunes
or beach for a good run, they
can hunt or tarset shoot, they
can rent a boat or cabin on
any lake for a fishing trip, they
ran ride dunes bugsic and
horses over Ihe dunes, they can
cmp overnight in the state or
forest parks, they can buy and
eat hot dogs! They can go
through myrtlewood factories
and gift shops in short, they
can have a good vacation of
freedom enjoying plenty of di
versified activities.
Now Senator Neuberger wants
to establish a national park on
the grounds that it would in
crease tourism, hence improve
the economy of the area. I hope
the public and other congress
men are not gullible enough to
swallow that gargle.
Stop and thinkl This country
was built on private enterprise,
which we still have a lot of In
this area. You've heard the ex
pression, "As American as
hot dog" Senator Neuberger
wants the national park so we
won't have any hot dog stands
in the areat ... -
How many tourists are going
to continue coming to this area
when there are no longer varied
activities that are provided for
them now by individual busi
ness operators? If the national
park is established here the
tourists will go elsewhere,
where they still can find a bit
of freedom. The individual busi
ness operators wilL be going
elsewhere either for employ-
ment or to re-establish their
business. :
What will happen to the econ
omy of this area? For God's
sake think before it's too late.
T. M. DERRICKSON
P.O. Box 1018
Oppose Street Plan '
EUGENE (To the Editor)
We don't think that the new
highway should go' in the park.
Children go out in the park'
every summer and fly their'
kites, make forts, we have a
horse and we ride him there.
We also go to find pheasant
eggs, we also play hide-and-go-seek
and many more things.
Consider all of the wildlife that
would have to move or die. We
don't think that the new high
way should go through Amazon
Park.
TRICIA RAINES ..
Age 9
2951 Ferry St.
(Editor's Note: The above
letter was signed by 19 other
persons, the majority of them
youngsters.)
Resents Editorial
EUGENE (To the Editor).
I read your editorial in the
Guard last night (Mar. 13) lam
basting the Eugene Water and
Electric Board for lowering the
price of electricity. I, along
with probably twenty or thirty
thousand other people, resent
that.
Perhaps the Eugene Water
and Electric Board can foresee
some good old American com
petition in some of the pipe
lines already in use.
The city of Eugene and other
cities have lived like parasites
from the labors of farmers, log
gers, laborers, and even some
railroad men.
There are outside areas that
own their own streets, lights,
schools, etc.
Are the state police just for
city dwellers?
Suppose we put gates on all
roads entering the city and
charged toll. The gates could
open both ways. Who would
give up first?
One more question: How
many papers do you sell out
side the city limits?
GALEN F. FARVER
115 Irvington Dr.
Likes Death Penalty
COTTAGE GROVE (To the
Editor) I believe in the death
penalty. There is no proof that
it docs not deter many from
committing murder. I believe
in the integrity of our courts,
judges, attorneys, and juries,
and I do not hold with the idea
that they are influenced or
bribed to save the rich and ex
ecute the poor. There are no
such records in Oregon. I never
heard anyone object to the care
of prisoners in our state prisons
or express the idea that such
prisoners should be executed.
1 don't object to the death sen
tence for a woman any more
than for a man. If you do,
why?
Certainly the mother of the
little children she helped to
throw off the bridge should get
the death sentence as well as
the Freeman woman. Why didn't
Miss Freeman's lawyer have her
plead guilty like the Nunez,
woman? The judge wasn't to
blame, he could give nothing
but the death sentence under
the circumstances.
This case points out a weak
spot in Oregon's criminal laws.
No parent who murders his or
her own offspring, nor any rape
murderer of a child, should be
allowed to escape the death
penalty merely by pleading
guilty to the crime.
In Oregon a murder suspect
must be absolutely proved to
have committed coldblooded,
premeditated murder without
the shadow of a doubt, before
he or she can receive the death
sentence. H there Is the least
doubt in the minds of the jury
they, rightfully, return a ver
dict of second degree murder.
That is why we have so few ex
ecutions in Oregon, not because
of any personal feeling of the
court for or against the accused.
I am glad that Governor
Hatfield, for one reason only,
has refused to commute the
Freeman woman's sentence. No
governor should have the right
to commute any convicted per
son's sentence just because he
himself does not believe in cap
ital punishment Neither should
any Oregon governor pro tern
have any right to tamper with
the sentences of the prisoners
in any of Oregon's penal institu
tions. Oregon did away with capital
punishment once and lived to re
gret it. Let's not make that mis
take again.
MRS. ETHEL GAB RIO
Lorane Rt., Box 102
Drive Results Told
EUGENE (To the Editor)
We, the students of Theodore
Roosevelt Junior High School,
would like to thank those people
who contributed money or pop
bottles to our bottle drive for
Pearl Buck on Saturday, March
9. On that day we collected 4,990
bottles worth $176.37.
This year, as In previous , .
years, RJH is raising money by KOWn McLllll
o t u u c u t cai wuaueo, ouiue
drives, and doughnut sales to
donate to a worthy cause . in
our own community. 4
Pearl Buck, the only school
of its kind in our area, needs
a large amount of money to
successfully operate Its school.
Therefore, the students of RJH
will give the money they earn
through their drive to this
school.
We hope that the residents
of this community will support
our school as well in the future
as it has in the past.
KEN CYPCAR
Student Body President
BONNIE HOWELL
Student Body Secretary
MARY AMEY
Student Body Historian
"Heavens!
Already? I've barely recovered
from the last one!"
Excitement of Beginnings
To Be Felt in West Africa
Cigarette Tax
EUGENE (To the Editor)
In an article appearing on Page
4A of the R-G March 15 issue
and under a Salem AP dateline,
we are told that a representa
tive of the Oregon Tobacco Dis
tributors has stated that the
chances of the industry working
to refer a cigarette tax to the
people would be lessened if the
Legislature enacted a defense
against cigarette price-cutting.
If this statement is true, it
would appear that the tobacco
distributors' representative was
talking with a "forked tongue"
when he complained about "50
per cent of the people raising
$18 million for the benefit of all
the people" (by the 4-cent tax),
and at the same time hinted
that the tobacco distributors will
not object to this way of "sock
ing" the cigarette smokers if
the tobacco people are allowed
(by law) to "sock" the same
people even more.
If the Legislature passes this
cigarette tax bill, the bill will
again be referred to the people
' From a Congo Notebook:
There is excitement in seeing
beginnings. . Europeans and
Americans, who are, for the
most part, children of Europe,
have' moved so
far from their
origins of na
tionhood and
e st a blishment
of governments
there is now no
feeling of in
tense personal'
involvement
But here In
the Congo, and
in the new McGill
states of West Africa, the be
ginnings are to be seen and
experienced. Europeans J- the
French, Belgians and English ''
no longer have control. One can
see what the white man let be
hind him.' It is both good and
bad, as one would expect. This
is how it is everywhere the
mixture of cause and effect.
The fizzy effervescence of in
dependence is gone. There are
those stodgy things such as
budget and the really gigantic
task of educating not merely a
new government class, but a
whole generation which can
teach, guide, manage customs,
railroads, laboratories, hospi
tals, businesses. ,,
A ,Few Similarities
. Nowhere is the task so awe
some in its properties as in the
Congo and Guinea. And since
the former is so vast a country
the needs are the greater and
more complex. The Russians,'
who guessed wrong in the Con
go, now are trying to open the
door which, temporarily at least,;
than the young America did
when confronted with the many
Indian tribes that fought to hold
their lands. They, too, acted out
of long-held customs and relig
ious fanaticisms, including med
icine men and witchcraft.
The secessionist movement in
Katanga was a cynical, greedy
business. It was never truly an
independence move. There was
nothing admirable about
Tshombe, who was the front
man. The records of the com
mercial cartel which backed
him have been seized. It is quite
possibly they will reveal some
interesting international ma
chinations. Certainly a great
deal of money was spent to sub
vert and arouse the tribes
against the central government.
Tshombe was never able to
create a large following. At no
time did he have a majority
of the tribesmen of Katanga
with him. There was an army of
mercenaries and an air force
of soldiers of fortune from sev
eral lands.
The United Nations army,
when it moved to save itself,
found these mercenaries had
little taste for fighting and the
secessionist movement ended.
That the Congo, granted pre
mature independence, has sur
vived is a tribute to the U.N.
and to those who supported
that organization.
Some Aid Forthcoming
There is even now smuggling
from the distant diamond fields.
This, too, is a large operation
and is financed and managed
by interests foreign to the Con
go. There is a lack of revenue
and and absence of trained
many times in the past, regard
less of what the tobacco distrib
utors do. I will help!
Also, Mr. Editor, can you tell
me, and the rest of your read
ers, what is the present U.S. tax
on a package of 20 cigarettes?
W. H. COCHRAN
3840 Bell Ave.
(Editor's note: The federal
tax is 8 cents a package.)
.a ti. ,-f i... k.nn has been closed. Thev are ure- bureaucracy. The parliament of
uiuai Liueis is largely irrespon
sible. The army is not yet pos
sessed of the discipline or train
ing necessary to police the na
tion. Nonetheless, the Congo is
viable. Premier Adoula has been
to Brussels. He was well re
ceived. The Belgians show signs
of wanting to make amends for
their bad show in Congo. There
will be some aid forthcoming
from them. The United States
will need to continue substan
tial assistance.
One must always consider the
alternatives. Chaos and war will
produce more expense and
danger than the cost of aid to
the Congo. The French and Bel
gians, by their refusal to pay
the special U.N. assessments
made necessary by the Congo
operations, are revealing anew
one of history's oldest lessons.
It is that some nations, like in
dividuals, prefer to lose all
rather than save an equitable
share.
The Congo is destined to be
the great idustrial boom region
of the future. If the major bur
den of sustaining the U.N. is
left to a few nations, their par
liaments and congresses will
grow weary. The Russians de
pend on this trend.
(Distributed, 19SJ, hr
The Hall Syndicate, Ina.
Boys and Basketball
EUGENE (To the Editor)
The EBAA basketball season
has just drawn to a close, and
as I look back over 10 games
that I participated in as a coach
and the many more I watched
from the sidelines, one thought
always comes to mind. How good
were the officials?
It has always been my feel
ing that the boys participating
in this program should learn
more than just the mechanics
of basketball. This is a wonder
ful opportunity for them to
learn of the give and take of
the adult world, the joyous feel
ing after winning the game, and
the challenge of accepting de
feat with honor. But most of all,
I feel that the boys learn that I
fairness and clean play are
essential.
Because of the boys' awk
wardness and lack of skill, the
officials are inclined to over
look many fouls that should be
called. This applies to both
teams on the floor! Wouldn't
it be better to tend toward this
extreme? If the officials called
everything that even looked like .
a foul the boys would not try
to see how much they could
get away with without getting
caught. I feel that the high
ideals of the program would be
better fulfilled if this were the
case.
It is not only for the coaches
to plead for a change, it is up
to the parents as well. If the
EBAA knew that you were more
concerned with your children
learning to follow the rules of
sportsmanship and less con
cerned with winning I am sure
they would instruct the officials
to eliminate all pushing and
shoving and foul play that seems
prevalent in almost every game.
Next year plan to watch your
children grow as well as learn
to play basketball. Support a
clean, wholesome program for
ill.
ROBERT BEHL1NG
260 E. 17th Ave.
ing the U.N. troops, which are
being reduced, be wholly re
moved, If this should be done
the Congo would fall into chaos,
Americans, thinking back at
their own beginnings, will find
a few similarities here. In the
young Republic founded in the
new world, rivers were the
highways. There were no com
munications. A month passed
before a man on horseback,
bearing a copy of the Declara
tion of Independence, reached
the southernmost colony of
Georgia. Until he arrived the
news of the historic pronounce
ment of man's certain inalien
able rights was not known. The
Congo has seaports and rivers,
but few roads and airports.
A Cynical Greedy Business
There are 180 major tribes.
Many of these have a long his
tory of enmity. The govern
ment, headed by Premier
Adoula and President Kasa
vubu, does not control the far
reaching hinterlands any more
Carmichael
THESE flJuM&RE A
OMCE Tr!S $E-S0H
w
" " taMBMaMM
So They Say-
Ideas are more dangerous
than armies. Ideas have immor
tality, ideas cross impassable
frontiers, ideas penetrate any
Maginot line of conformity.
Voices can be stilled; men and
women imprisoned: books
burned. But their ideas live on
to torment the executioners,
jailers and censors.
U.S. Supreme Court Justice
WUIIira O. Douglas.
bees
MEMBER Of
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caUon of aU the local newt printed
In this newspaper.
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WILLIAM WASMANN,
OONN L. BONHA.M.
Newt Editor
City Editor
ROSS O JOHNSON
Adverttilns Director
JARL rUGLE Circulation Manasel
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W. 8. JOHNSTON Ja. Auditor
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