Page 4Bu EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Monday, Jan. 21, 1963
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Ask Andy
Archeozoic Era Qoes Way Back
Andy senai a complete, 20-volume let of the World Book
Encyclopedia to Donna Namiotho, age 12, of Philadelphia,
Pa. for her question: . . -
What was the Archeozoic Era like?
Geologists have divided the age-old diary of the Earth into
chapters called eras. The story began some four billion years
ago, and four eras have been completed. The fifth, called the
Cenozoic Era, began a mere 60 million years ago, and we are
still living in It.
The Archeozoic Era takes us back, way back to the begin
ning of the history of our planet. The experts try to figure out
what it was like from the rocks that were formed in those
ancient days. But for more than "90 million years, newer and
newer rocks have been forming on top of the archeozoic lay
ers. In some places we have to dig a mile or more to reach
them. But in other places, nature has made the expert's job
easier.
Here and there the Earth's crust humps to form a ridge of
mountains, and sometimes the strain causes a deep crack. If
the pushing continues, a massive block of rocky layers may
be shoved out of place and slide over the other side of the
rack. This brings to the surface the minerals that are buried
deep below our feet, and here we are likely to find evidence
of what the world was like in archeozoic times.
The word archeozoic means early-bcginning-of-life, and the
rocks indicate that simple forms of life did exist in the Arch
eozoic Era. There are no true fossils, for the living things were
too small to leave behind bones and durable remains. But cer
tain limestones and graphites date back to archeozoic times;
and, as a rule, these minerals are formed from the remains of
plants and animals. .
The Archeozoic Era began more than 2 billion years ago
and lasted some 650 million years. Life did not appear on the
land until millions of years later. The land was barren. A
range of mountains grew, no one knows how high, but they
have since been worn down to their roots. They are the Laur
entians of eastern Canada, oldest mountains in tha world, in
some places there were fiery volcanoes, and the remains of
Tristan da Cunha
Ty v.
their lava has been found in sedimentary rocks formed in this
ancient era. .- ' ' v; -c-v :
Our world must have been a dull place indeed, but life was
just beginning to stir in the fresh-water seas. There were tiny .
shell-building sea dwellers, perhaps somewhat like the little;
fellows that 'formed limestones in later eras.'-There' were
miniature water plants, perhaps somewhat like the single-.
celled algae that still swarm in our seas."-'- -.-. - -:-k
-V-.-'.
tidatgjjattaMtM
Andy awards eaco day a full act of the World Book Encyclopedia lor
the first questloo he selects to answer.'' When a second question la an-'
swered a Urge world globe or atlas Is. awarded. Questions are accepted
from teen-age or lese-than-teen-age readers. .They should be addressed to
the Register-Guard, 979 High SI., Eugene. Andy prefers that questions be
written on postcards, rather than In , letter tDtm.-y r w.ri.--K -v.' 'it''"
The rocks formed in acheoVoicTtimes'have'bVe'n' crushed'.?
under the pressure of the massive-layersabove'.them.iThelr.
i muddy shales have long since,beenjiilurnedinto''h,ardislatesV
, and much of their limestone ohas; become waxy-marble. We"
call these metamorphic rocks,0because;they,have,'be'en?mcta--
morphized or altered from their orieinal,states'.Jv,'''"! v''' .
Andy sends a Hammond' s9Library World. Atlas-to KUh:
leen Nelliaan. ant 7.?.nf LrniisniHe 'Ku' -frher' nuestinn'
u V V .vs"-' '' ' e Vf.J
Ilnw nftfn rln salmnn miffrntp? . 1
The pink salmon of the acificJOcean always migrates -back'
to its breeding 'groundV.hn:l'i8ptwo;.".years1old'?Butt:other''
SDecies of salmon are' not- sn'rrlpfinitp'X'Snmp nf thp "AflanHr"
salmon travel 1,500 miles from lahd'and dovnot rifigrate'untilt
after one, two or three years'? C'f'Aif y . . j
0 The rich sockeyo salmon; of-''"the' Pacific is "also 'indif inite
ahnllt tha lima It h,M.-.i, llB'kKnnJini.;''Hi.niin'js'lln4 f -
ic.uui unci iwui ui iivc yems ul uieairiue.r:oume-reiurn
after three years, and some of the ' wHobbine 'sixWundera
have been in the ocean for eicht vBara'"11' . ; - ' n ":9
' Copyright 1963; Los Angeles Times
.-p:w.w.
Islanders Vot&WjJiM
WASHINGTON Even if
home is covered with lava,
there's no place like Tristan da
Cunha.
Tristan, a volcanic fragment
in tne south Atlantic, was often
called the "loneliest Island in
the world," the National Geo
graphic Society says. The 260
former residents led a simple,
severe life unruffled by modern
tensions.
In October, 1961, a volcanic
eruption drove the islanders
from the'- backwater homes
into the 20th century. After a
year's exile in England, they
have had quite enough.
"The television sends us
mad," an islander said. "Cars,
buses, and trains roar like thun
der through our brains. There
is no time to think." "
The exiles recently voted over
whelmingly to return to Tristan.
An advance party of 50 will
leave for the island in Febru
ary, to prepare it for resettle
ment. Volcanic activity has
ceased, but lava has blocked the
best landing beaches, and .most
nouses are damaged;; ntvvfi
Tristan is strategically situ
ated about half way';' tbetween
South America and Africa. It
was occupied by British troops
in 1816. When the garrison left,'
a Scottish corporal named Wil
liam Glass elected to settle
there with his family. The popu
lation was augmented by ship
wrecked sailors and deserters
from whaling vessels.
AH the people are now related
byointermarria'ge and -all bear
one "of the. seven, f amily names:.
.Glass, 'Green',.' Hagan, Rogers,
SwainLayaf'cljb,' and' Repetto.
The way. of ilife changed little
in 150 yearsjTristan-had no cars
or;; paved roads. The sole motor
yeliicle; -wasya ; .tractor. Bullock
car'tV;'; e r bumpy
tracks on- the. 37:square-mlle
island. . -!:'-The
inhabitants lived in
thatched c o 1 1 a g e s. When
yong man look a wife, the en
tire community helped build
them a home. Each family kept
few cows and sheep. The
women spun their own wool,
and the men fashioned soft moc
casins to give footing on the
island's bindery slopes.
The S0:called Potato Patches,
To Your Good Health
'Rocking Motion' Can Come From Ears
By DR. JOSEPH G. MOLNER
Dear Dr. Moincr: Every now
and then I get a bad cold or
other minor trouble and go to
the doctor and he thinks I'm
foolish. You sec, I look terrib
ly. healthy,
But for the last six months
or more I've been getting
what I can oijly describe as a
"rocking motion" in my head.
Could it have anything to
do with my ears? I get ear
aches very easily. P.C.
I hope you are exaggerating
or misinterpreting when you
say your doctor thinks you are
foolish for going to him for
small ills. True, wo don't know
THAT HELPLESS BOMS ARE
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ON A BOAT TO GET V GOVERNMENT. THEY'RE UNDER GUARD. J PASSEN6ERS ARE ABOARD, THE,'-, E, ; WOULD HAVE TO GO HUNGRY. IF THEY TRY ATOUND HEREjL rl NOWMY- A I POSITION OF ONLY ONE J MEANWHILE, I'M SURE .SUGGEST? COURSE,
the American PILOT - . , AUTHORITIES BECOME SUSPICIOUS.-' i : TO BUY FOOD ON THE BLACK MARKET, .IT TW. -&V''!1' KAMAR? POWER AND LEG.' XXJ CAN RND -.j-l if MDU'RE
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JICATBuTI FORETHOMHT, THE PISAPPEAeANCt CiRTAIN VM)5TER. ANSWCR LANauAtfE r JB TO IMPROVE A1Y J , , ll. BfccU APAY.UrJcM A VY 10MEU Y A tW lUMEO 1 THCbc AGE THE HEADUIlOES. VFF
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; H'Xr5V w5'?3 I f (rtwv ' how or oweeH watch BiS T V
rV'VX-i 1 . . 1 llmt CHAIN 60TCAD6HTlNTH f .g.6 L
J Alf.XlE- I I lTTClil I Txe Ln-n.e r'RP T, I HoltRS WANTEQa IU ' V ,
"' ' ,,- . '"i
"t ' - .
much more about curing the
common cold than we did 100
years ago, but we can do a lot
about stopping complications if
they start to develop.
As for other mipor ills, if
the patient is worried, we can
reassure him, and usually make
him feel better, both mentally
and physically. There's nothing
foolish about that. Are you sure
you aren't imagining your doe
tor's feelings when he gives you
that reassurance and tells you
there's nothing to worry about?
The "rocking motion" can re
sult when the ears are especial
ly sensitive in the region called
the "semi-circular canals."
These fluid-filled "organs are
largely responsiblcrf.Of our sense
of balance. Ahy sjii'fting of the
fluid inside is 'transmitted by
way of the nerves j'
Some degree of-r-ebngestion
can, at times, upse.t;(this "gyro
scope" and cause arocking" or
dizzy sensation. - Vr; ;
So can too much 'salt in the
diet, so one sugge'stion'.ii to cut
down on it, an s'ee.sif that
helps. . f.;
If the earaches become pro
gressively worse; have your doc
tor check to sce whelhery there's
any chronic infcti6W.''jf,'.v.
1963, Field 'Eritorp'rl'se!?,-..inc.
windswept plots near the sea,
were Tristan's -chief : source of
food. The diet was supplement
ed by fish and bird eggs gath
ered on nearby. Nightingale Is
land. -V;'--,-;.'--',-:,-""
Tristan's only' .industry "was'
started in 1949 with the open
ing of a plant to process the
spiny lobsters, or crayfish, that
abound off the island. The plant
gave the islanders their first
cash income. Before then,
wealth was measured in pota
toes. Scrubbed and starched, the
entire population would gather
for a community dance on
Saturday night and church on
Sunday. There were no crim
inals and no jail.
When the refugees arrived
in England, Willie Repetto,
Tristan's headman, said, "I'm
afeard for us all." The islanders
caught colds, and four died of
pneumonia. A patriarch who
took a job as a watchman was
beaten by thugs. An exile made
a down payment on a radio and
was bewildered to get a bill for
the next installment. Men
chafed at the routine of daily
jobs, and women tretted be
cause they had so little to do.
Headman Repetto voiced the
longing of his fellow exiles:
"We have vegetable gardens and
fruit orchards. We have cattle
and plenty of fish. Everybody
owns everything, and nobody
owns nothing. Living is free to
all; and if you don't feel like
getting up in the morning, you
can stay in bed and nobody will
scold you or bother you."
Understandably, scores of
Britons seek to go to Tristan da
BLOSSOMS ALLOvfcfSSffSeKbW
i HESS-HaV. WE CAN" VAL'K?l'(vK ,?
it AMD TAKE OVER ' j-.-T ' tfKl '
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