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Havana
Parade
(AP Wlrepboto)
Cuban rocket launchers pass in review on main avenue in Havana
Wednesday during military parade marking the 4th anniversary
of Fidel Castro's rise to power. Huge portrait of Castro waving
rifle appears on side of building in background.
32 Siberian Peasants Seek
Asylum in U. S. Embassy
MOSCOW (UPD A group of 32
peasant men, women and chil
dren who had traveled 2,000
miles from Siberia, pushed past
Soviet guards into the U. S. Em
bassy Thursday seeking asylum
from "religious persecution."
The embassy turned them
over to Soviet officials who
took the peasants away in a
bus. Many of them were weep
ing and protesting that they
would be shot for their reli
gious beliefs.
Embassy policy in Moscow is
to refuse refuge to Soviet citi
zens, presumably because of the
political problems which would
arise as well as the lack of fa
cilities for housing them In the
mbassy building.
.Although seeking refuge in
the embassy, the group did not
ask for political asylum, an em
bassy spokesman said. Embassy
officials explained to the peas
ants that they could not leave
Russia without permission from
Soviet authorities and -that an
embassy could not make such
arrangements. This argument
finally persuaded them to start
boarding the bus.
Members of the group re
ferred to themselves as "Evan
gelical Christians" who do not
recognize any form of organized
religion but merely are persons
who claim equality among them
selves and pray to God.
The peasants complained they
had not been allowed to observe
religious holidays and had been
barred from contact with their
Nikita May Attend
East Berlin Parley
By REINHOLD ENSZ
Of th AhocUImI Prau
MOSCOW Moscow's dlplo-
matic colony is buzzing with ru
mors that Premier Khruschev
may soon make a significant
trip to East Berlin.
The sixth congress of East
Germany's Communist party
opens there Jan. IS. Some dip
lomats feel the Soviet leader
French Plan
To Continue
Nuclear Effort
PARIS (UPD -France disclosed
Thursday that it is determined
to push ahead with development
of its own independent nuclear
force despite President Ken
nedy's otter of American-made
Polaris missiles.
President Charles de Gaulle
made this clear to Kennedy in a
Wednesday, although Informs-
tion Minister Alain Peyrefitte
said there is no question of re
jecting the Polaris otter.
Asked whether the reply re
jectcd the offer of Polaris mis
siles, Peyrefitte said, "There
no question of closing the door
to anything."
But, he added, "France is en
gaged on her own nuclear effort
and she is not prepared to aban
don it."
Peyrefitte made the announce
ment after a three-hour cabinet
meeting at Elysee Palace pre
sided over by De Gaulle.
Peyrefitte said Defonse Min
ister Pierre Messmer told the
cabinet that ten days ago
French technicians carried out
a "completely successful" test
at Colomb Bechar in the Sahara
Desert of a propulsion and guid
ance system for a nuclear mis
sile. France currently is working
on a Polaris-type missile of its
own as part of an independent
nuclear striking force program.
might use the occasion to put
new life into the Berlin prob
lem and to boost the sagging
prestige of East Germany's
Communist leaders.
These diplomats wonder
whether Khrushchev's latest
pronouncements on Berlin
one to West German Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer, the other to
London's Daily Express might
have been advance notice of a
new Berlin offensive.
Other diplomats feel that
Khrushchev has no desire to
stir up the smoldering Berlin
coals and will send a deputy to
the meeting.
The two most prominent So
viet leaders who have not at
tended a foreign congress re
cently are both first deputy pre
miers Anastas I. Mikoyan and
Alexei Kosygin.
Some Western observers
doubt that Mikoyan would be
sent, having just finished with
the face-losing Cuban situation.
If he did go, East German of
ficials might get the idea they
are being put in the same cate
gory with Fidel Castro.
Kosygin possibly is a likely
choice since East Germany is
having serious economic prob
lems. His specialty is economic
planning.
If Khrushchev docs not go to
East Berlin, East Germany's
economic plight could be a ma
jor reason. Khrushchev does
not like to be associated with
second-rate situations. They un
dermine his prestige.
The last East German party
congress was held in July 1058,
Khrushchev attended It. Four
months later, on Nov. 27, he do
manded that Allied troops clear
out of West Berlin In six
months and that West Berlin
be converted into a demilitar
ized free city.
children in some instances.
One man getting on the bus
to leave the embassy compound
told newsmen he had not seen
his children for two years.
"This Is not funny," he
sighed. "This is tragic."
Russian-speaking Western cor
respondents heard some mem
bers of the group talking of
comrade who they claimed
had been "rotting in prison"
for two years.
"The same thing will happen
to us," one of the group said.
Soviet Foreign Ministry of
ficials also were heard assur
ing the members of the group
that "nothing will happen to
you."
But it did not appear that
any formal guarantee had been
given.
Embassy sources said the
peasants had been given a meal
of eggs, toast and coffee in the
embassy lunchroom before they
were taken away by Soviet au
thorities.
Some of the elderly men in
the group wept. Others argued
with Soviet Foreign Ministry
officials who had been called to
the compound.
One man told an embassy of
ficial:
We don't want to go any
where. They will shoot us."
Another said in a loud voice
to newsmen:
'Those who believe In God
and Christ help us. We ask it.
We ask those who believe in
God and Christ help us."
Soviet plainclothesmen threat
ened to confiscate the camera
of any Western photographer
who took a picture of the de
parting bus load of peasants.
A U. S. Embassy statement
said the band was from the Si
berian city of Chcrnogrosk.
UO Dean Contributes
Chapter to Book
Robert D. Clark, dean of fac
ulties at the University of Ore
gon, is a contributor to a newly
published book entitled "Anti
slavery and Disunion, 1858
1861." In the chapter, "Methodist
Debates and Union Sentiment
on the Border, 1880-1861," Dean
Clark examines the speech-making
occasions and Its effect on
Americsn history.
Edited by J. Jeffcry Auer
and published by Harper &
Row, the book presents studies
of public address on the issues
of antislavery and disunion, and
Into the conditions which led to
the disruption of public discus
lion and armed conflict
Britain Slashes
Lending Rate
LONDON W Britain Thurs
day slashed its official bank
lending rate by half a point
from 4Va to 4 per cent.
It was the sixth successive cut
since the summer of 1961 when
the bank rate was at a postwar
high of 7 per cent.
The reduction in the Bank of
England rate had been widely
expected following recent moves
by Chancellor of the Exchequer
Reginald Maudling to pump
more money into the economy.
The Bank of England lending
rate sets the pattern for the
rates charged by other banks in
Britain and the sterling bloc.
Visit to India
NEW DELHI Greece
King Paul and Queen Frederik
will pay a state visit to India
beginning Feb. 2, the Nehru
government announced.
Red Chinese,
Soviets Laud
Fidel Castro
Support Pledged
To Cuban Regime
United Preis IhUraatloBaJ
Russia and Red China tried
Thursday to outdo each other
in proclaiming support for Fidel
Castro's revolutionary regime in
Cuba which is celebrating its
fourth anniversary in power
this week.
Mikhail Suslov of the Soviet
Presidium (politburo) told a
Moscow meeting that the Com
munist world must "watch vigi
lantly" to see that the U.S.
pledge not to attack Cuba is
"strictly adhered to."
Suslov said Russia would act
to counter any "provocation
around Cuba. He said the Krem
lin "will never leave revolu
tionary Cuba alone in distress."
Terms Not Fulfilled
The U.S. pledge against in
vasion of Cuba was conditioned
on several requirements which
have not been fulfilled, notably
Castro s refusal to allow Inter-
ternational inspectors to con
firm that Soviet missiles have
been removed from Cuban soil.
Red China and its North
Korean and Albanian support
ers used praise for Cuba as an
oblique means of denouncing
Russia for backing down before
the United States in the Cuba
crisis.
Chen Yi, foreign minister of
the Peking regime, declared at
a banquet that the Reds "reso
lutely support the just struggle
of the (Castroite) Cuban people
and will stand by them."
"We wish to congratulate you
particularly on your great vic
tory scored in the latest strug
gle against the military provoca
tions of U.S. imperialism," Chen
told Castroite Ambassador Os
car Pino Santos.
'Heroic' Attitude
"In this struggle . . . you nave
preserved your sovereignty, de
fended the revolution and main
tained the dignity of a socialist
(Communist) state, thus inspir
ing the people of the world in
their revolutionary struggles.
Peking Rad io broadcast an
Albanian editorial saying that
it was "the heroic and staunch
attitude of the Cuban people"
that sustained the Castro re
gime against "the political coin
promise of surrender."
Official organs in Communist
North Korea parroted the
Chinese line that Castro's firm
stand in the Cuban crisis was a
'great victory."
Castro, who has both Russians
and Reds from China on his
country's soil, urged the Com
munist giants in an anniversary
speech to stand together against
'imperialism.
Leadership Class
To HearUO Man
Lt. Col. John W. Kocher, Uni
versity of Oregon professor of
air science, will speak on Tues
day to a leadership class at the
Navy and Marine Corps Train
ing Center, 1520 W. 13th Ave.,
Eugene.
Kocher will speak at 8:30 p.m.
He will discuss the present
ROTC program on the Oregon
campus. The class is comprised
of members of the Eugene ex
tension of the Naval Reserve
Officer School with headquar
ters In Portland.
Lt. Cdr. L. E. Zook, in charge
of the training center, an
nounced in connection with
Kocher's talk that registration
is now open for a new five
month course on organization
for national security. The course
will begin in February. Naval,
Coast Guard, Marine and Army
reserve officers may enroll and
earn promotion and retirement
credits.
NATO Chief
Steps Down
PARIS (UPD Gen. Lauris Nor-
stad ended six crisis-filled years
as supreme commander of Allied
forces in Europe Wednesday,
saying that Western strength
provides "confidence and hope"
for the future.
Norstad, 55, handed over his
command to Gen. Lyman L.
Lemnitzcr, 63, in a brief cere
mony at Allied headquarters
near Pans.
Lemnitzer, former chairman
of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff,
promptly pledged to carry on
the efforts of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization "for collec
tive defense and for the preser
vation of peace and security.
Norstad is retiring not only
from his NATO job but also
from the U.S. Air Force, ending
a 36-year career in the Ameri
can armed forces. He is expect
ed to take a top executive posi
tion in American industry or
education.
Wage Freeze Policy
TEL AVIV, Israel wv The
executive of Israel's General
Trades Union Organization,
Histadrut, has adopted a wage
freeze policy for all of 1963 in
support of a government effort
to prevent inflation and im
prove Israel s competitive po
sition in world markets.
145,000 Marines Alerted
If Needed for Cuban Action
WASHINGTON U Some 45,
000 marines stood ready to in
vade Cuba "awaiting their gov
ernment's decision" during the
October crisis. Gen. David SI.
Shoup said Thursday.
And 100.000 more leather
necks were "ready to back them
up," the Marine commandant
added in remarks prepared for
his annual speech to the head
quarters staff,
Shoup's reference to the force
wss the first disclosure of how
many marines were poised
aboard ships of the fleet and on
shore bases before the Soviet
Union agreed to withdraw Its
missiles and bombers from the
island.
The Pentagon disclosed pre
viously that more than 100.000
Infantry, paratroops and other
forces were ready for possible
actiiyi in Cuba.
"Only by the grace of God
and an aerial photo is it possi
ble to make these remarks to
many of you in person rather
than to your spirits. For this I
am truly grateful," Shoup told
the staff.
In his talk, the blunt-spoken
Shoup also let it be known that
the marines would not surrender
to the onslaughts of automation
"I refuse to deliver our ma
rines and a',1 their personal
problems to the spinning tapes
and the flashing lights of
computer," he declared.
"I am not willing to accept a
mechanical solution to a human
problem. Accordingly, we will
continue to take the time and
make the effort to deal with the
marine and his problem as an
individual. .
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