EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Sunday, Oct. 21, 1962 Page 9E
BOOKS
and
HOBBIES i
U.S. Issue Honors
Hammarskjold
Toynbee Puts the Present in Perspective
By SYD KRONISH
Of th Associated Press
Dag Hammarskjold, late
secretary-general of the Uni
ted Nations, receives phil
atelic tribute from the United
States on a new 4-cent stamp
to be issued on Oct. 2o. The
stamp will go on sale in Ne-v
York City with first day cere
monies to be conducted by
the United Nations, U. S. De
partment of State and the
Post Office Department. Fea
tured on the stamp is a por
trait of Hammarskjold with
the United Nations building
in the background. Hammar
skjold was secretary-general
of the United Nations from
March 31, 1953, until his
death on Sept. 18, 1961, in an
airplane crash in Northern
Rhodesia while on a mission
to effect a cease fire between
U.N. and Katanga forces in
the Congo.
Collectors desiring first-day
cancellations of the Hammar
skjold stamp may send ad
dressed envelopes, together
with remittance covering the
cost of the stamps to be af
fixed, to the Postmaster, New
York, N. Y. The outside enve
lope to the Postmaster should
be clearly marked "First Day
Covers Hammarskjold Stamp."
Collectors are reminded
that cover requests must be
postmarked not later than
October 23.
Any Camera Can Be Used
In Close-up Photography
AMERICA AND THE
WORLD REVOLUTION, and
Other Lectures, by Arnold J.
Toynbee. (Oxford University,
$4.75).
For a high-level view and a
historical perspective on what
is going on in the world to
day, read these nine Toynbee
lectures.
Toynbee is better than you
think. Some readers, seeing
the size of his monumental
"A Study in History," may be
Best Sellers
(Compiled by Publisher's
Weekly)
FICTION
SHIP OF FOOLS, Por
ter. '
DEARLY BELOVED,
Lindbergh.
YOUNGBLOOD HAW
KE, Wouk.
THE REIVERS, Faulk
ner. ANOTHER COUNTRY,
Baldwin.
NONFICTION .
THE ROTHSCHILDS,
Morton.
0 YE JIGS AND JU
LEPS! Hudson.
TRAVELS WITH
CHARLEY, Steinbeck.
MY LIFE IN COURT,
Nizer.
THE BLUE NILE,
Moorchead.
, scared off. But his lectures are
sharp and to the point. And
he has one important quality
that appeals to all readers.
In an age when scholars
work themselves into increas
ingly narrow passageways of
learning, and like a man on a
rockpile "make little ones out
of big ones," this historian
has the sense and courage to
summarize, to search for maj
or trends, to go beyond analy
sis into synthesis, speak in
generalization and principles.
Perhaps he is not always right
who could be? but at least
ho builds with his rocks in
stead of breaking them into
little pieces.
There are three lectures on
the present Western civiliza
tion, seen in the light of an
earlier "world state," the Hel
lenic civilization carried on by
Greece and Rome. In this
scries Toynbee finds the 20th
Century concept of social jus
tice for the submerged mil-
By BART KINCH
Of the United Press International
7
WEDDINGS
Close-up photography is NOT
restricted to the more expen
sive and elaborate single lens
reflex or rangefinder cam
eras. Satisfactory results can
be obtained with almost any
camera from the simple box
camera on up.
The fundamental techniques
are basic. ' For the photogra
pher making his first attempt
at close-up portraiture, for ex
ample, with a simple camera,
supplementary lenses are nec
essary. These lenses are similar in
appearance to filters used in
both black and white and
color photography and are
relatively inexpensive.
Adjustable cameras general
ly permit the photographer
to move to within about three
feet of the subject being pho
tographed. However, most fixed-focus
cameras can NOT be used at
distances closer than six feet.
Focusing, viewfinding and
exposure are the three most
important factors in close-up
photography.
Focusing must be accurate
because the zone of sharp
focus is shortened by the ad
dition of the supplementary
lenses. A miscalculation of an
inch can throw the center of
interest into a blur and ruin
an otherwise good shot.
Viewfinding also is impor
tant because virtually all sim
ple cameras have the view
finder above the camera lens.
Thus, when the camera is
moved in closer than its nor
mal shooting distance, the
camera lens will be lower than
the subject matter and the top
may be cut off. To avoid this,
tip the camera upwards slight
ly. Exposure can be accurately
measured in bright light with
an exposure meter. For those
who do not have a meter, fol
low the recommended settings
of the film manufacturer.
In situations where light is
not intense enough, flash is
the answer. Most cameras
manufactured today including
the simple fixed-focus variety
come equipped with provision
for flash.
Use blue bulbs with day
light color film and, clear
bulbs for black and white.
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lions to be a greater force
than atomic energy. He sees
parliamentary rule as a luxury
in which onjy the "have" na
tions can indulge, and warns
that we need a world govern
ment quickly if we are to
avoid mass nuclear suicide.
The three lectures of the
book's title are of particular
interest to Americans. He
contends that Concord
Bridge's "shot heard round
the world" has awakened
world revolution in many
countries. But he says that in
the last century and a half
America has become affluent,
has subsided into conserva
tism ever since the 1920s, has
been wallowing in senseless
consumer goods and has let
Russia take the upper hand in
the revolutionary drive to
ward social justice in the
world.
Ho declares that America
cannot win friends in the un
commited nations while she is
fat and conspicuously affluent.
But ho holds out hope that
America can rejoin the ma
jority and regain her revolu
tionary status through such
efforts as the Peace Corps,
if she tries hard enough.
This book is lucidly written.
It is free from academic
jargon. It has the ring of
authority. It may jolt you,
and you may- not want to
agree with it. But you owe
it to yourself to read it and
think about it. (AP).
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