Page M . EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Sunday, Oct. 21, 1962
U. S. Tightens
Arms Control
By ELTON C. FAY
Of the Aiioclatcd Preu
WASHINGTON The Defense Department believes the U. S.
system to guard against triggering a nuclear war by incident or
accident is improved, but is spending hundreds of millions more
or further tightening of the command and control set-up.
Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, responding to
views of both the White House and State Department, gave the
program top priority at the outset of his administration.
The over-all purpose of the complex system is to prevent any
element of the U. S. air, sea or land forces from using nuclear
weapons intentionally or because of communications trouble
without specific authorization of the highest level of government.
Market Drop
Is Worst
In 3 Weeks
NEW YORK W The stock
market took its worst loss in
three weeks as Wall Street's
pessimism deepened last week
amid uninspiring news.
Volume also swelled to the
largest total in three weeks, em
phasizing the conviction in the
decline.
By week's end, the Dow
Jones industrial average was
down 13.8 to 573.29. This put it
close to the level of S71, which
served as a support July 18
and Oct. .1. Rallies followed
from that point..
The question for the week
ahead Is: Will the list rally
again from the same level or
will it break through to a deep
er "floor" possibly to the
year's low of 933.78 reached last
June 26.
In the week just ended, how
ever, the market answered i
question which bothered the
financial community for the
previous two weeks of indici
sion: Is the market headed up
ward or downward The answer
was, conclusively, "downward"
this week.
Worst Decline Friday
The worst decline was Friday,
when the news background
might have entitled traders to
hopes of a rally, if general sen
timent had not been so bearish.
The Federal Reserve Board cut
reserve requirements of mem
ber banks to 4 per cent from 5
per cent, apparently to insure
business an ample supply of
lendable funds. This action,
while stimulating: In the long
run, seemed to signify in Wall
Stroet that the economy was
not In very good shape and
needed some kind of medica
tion. The result was that tickers
ran late in the wake of the
news Friday, when more than
four million sharos wcro piled
up and traders rushed to un
load. The market's fall was accom
panied by a rise in bearish sen
timent as reflected by an In
crease in the short position on
the New York Stock Exchange
to near-record levels. This is
the total of borrowed slock
sold with the inlcntion ot re
paying the stock with shares
bought at lower prices in the
future.
Because short sale contracts
represent commitments to buy
stock in the futuro or ac
quire It somehow to repay the
loans the total "short Inter
est" is supposed to be techni
cally bullish. But it didn't work
out that way this time.
Weak Market Tone
Analysts said the general
market tone was so weak that
few "shorts" were scared into
covering their contracts.
Volume was 16.682.3!10 shares
compared with 11.82.758 the
pprovlous, semi-holiday week,
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, The system also is intended to
make effective the doctrine of
"controlled response and nego
tiating pauses in the event of
thermonuclear attack."
This means, simply, withhold
ing retaliatory fire by U. S. mis
siles and bombers until it is
certain that the enemy attack
is intentional and not an acci
dent. The pause also would
provide an opportunity to be
certain from which country the
attack was coming
The control system applies to
all military units armed with
nuclear weapons Navy carriers
and Polaris submarines, Army
and Marine tactical weapons
but it is especially applicable to
the Strategic Air Command's
ICBM and manned bomber ele
mcnts.
SAC headquarters at Omaha
Is circulating, for public at
tention, a brief resume of its
positive control system
SAC insists that "positive
control rules out the possibility
of inadvertent hostile action by
the SAC force. It also says that
multiple safeguards are em
ployed to prevent firing without
presidential direction of ICBMs
at dispersed and underground
launching bases.
Positive control, as applied to
the manned B52, B47 and B58
bombers, is explained this way
by SAC:
"After reaching a certain
point on their routes, well out
side enemy territory, the bomb
ers automatically return to
their bases unless they receive
positive coded voice instruc
tions lo proceed to their tar
gets. Authority from the Presi
dent is the only means whereby
a SAC force would proceed to
target, beybnd the positive con
trol point. If the 'go' code is
not received, they turn back.
"The 'go' code, transmitted
only upon orders of the Presi
dent, would be authenticated at
several levels of command and
ultimately by more than on
member of the bomber crew. It
would be transmitted to the air
borne force by a variety of
means from widely dispersed
sites. Use of dispersed trans
mitters and different methods
of communications eliminate
the possibility that the 'go' code
might not be received by the
aircraft. In addition to the com
munications procedures of posi
tive control, the weapons in Ihe
aircraft arc not armed until the
bomber is ordered to attack."
It is the addition of radio fa
cilities and development of new
preventive devices that requires
big new spending. The pre
ventive devices include the new
"electronic lock" for warheads
of missiles. The warhead of a
missilo can't be armed for fir
ing until a radio signal trans
mitted from a remote headquar
ters releases the lock on the
triggering system.
State Camping Group
To Meet Monday
The American Camping Assn.,
Oregon Section, will meet Mon
day night In Salem for a slid
and commentary program on
three kinds of summer camp
ing. The meeting will begin at 8
p.m. at the China City Restaurant.
Dial
Dt 5 MS9
- I
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(AP Wirephoto)
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Conservatism
Defended
By Dirksen
CHICAGO Ml Sen. Everett
M. Dirksen, R-I1I., said Saturday
night the United States "would
already be flat broke and
busied" were it not for the
forces of conservatism.
' The senator, who is seeking
re-election next month, said
conservative forces are "a vital
check on those more reckless,
irresponsible elements in our
society which seem to be seek
ing to remake the world in their
own image but at the sacri
fices of somebody else's money
and somebody else's freedoms."
Dirksen expressed his views
during his acceptance of an
award of merit from the Amer
ican Coalition o( Patriotic So
cieties, Inc., of Washington,
D.C., for exemplary public serv
ice. The organization is composed
of more than 100 civic and fra
ternal groups.
He spoke a day after Presi
dent Kennedy came to Illinois
to heap praise on Dirksen's elec
tion opponent. Rep, Sidney
Yates.
Dirksen, Senate minority
loader, said there is a strong
and growing undcrtide of con
servatism. He said this move
ment "constitutes the greatest
bulwark against the insidious
aims and a dangerous clement
which seems to be knowingly or
unknowingly working (or a
visionary, one-worlder, classless
society along Marxist lines in
which the only role of the
United States would be to foot
the bill."
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'Close Call' Cited
By U.S. Scientist
WASHINGTON Oft Ralph E.
Lapp, a nuclear physicist, said
Saturday the State of North
Carolina had a close call last
year from a jettisoned nuclear
bomb that packed a potential
wallop of 24 million tons of
TNT.
The Defense Department de
clined to affirm or deny Lapp's
report.
in a book being published
Monday, Lapp, who is not con
nected with the government's
atomic program, says "Nuclear
weapons have been involved in
FHA Offering
Special Terms
To Storm Victims
Special terms will be offered
in the Oregon disaster areas to
persons seeking loans up to
$12,000 to replace homes lost
or seriously damaged by the
storm.
The Federal Housing Admin
istration made the announce
ment, saying that under a spe
cial provision of the National
Housing Act, FHA mortgage in
surance is available up to the
$12,000 ceiling with no down
payment.
Loans may be repaid in equal
monthly installments, with re
payment periods extending for
as long as 30 years.
Loans, in amounts as high as
$10,000, are also available for
repairs and renovation to home
owners faced with the necessity
of repairing disaster damage.
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about a dozen major incidents
or accidents, mostly plane
crashes, both in the United
States and overseas."
"In one of these jneidents,"
ho writes, "a B52 bomber had
to jettison a 24-mcgaton bomb
over North Carolina. The bomb
fell in a field without explod
ing. "The Defense Department
has adopted complex devices
and strict rules to prevent the
accidental arming or firing of
nuclear weapons. In this case
the 24 megaton warhead was
equipped with six interlocking
safety mechanisms, all of which
had to be triggered in sequence
to explode the bomb.
"When Air Force experts
rushed to the North Carolina
farm to examine the weapon
after the accident, they found
that five of the six interlocks
had been set off by the fall!
Only a single switch prevented
the 24-megaton bomb from
detonating and spreading fire
and destruction over a wide
area."
Lapp ostensibly was referring
to an incident that occurred on
Jan. 24, 1961, when a huge $8,
million Air Force jet bomber,
which had been carrying two
"unarmed" nuclear weapons,
crashed in a rural area about
15 miles north of Goldsboro,
N. C.
News reports at the time said
one of the nuclear devices was
parachuted safely to the ground
and that the other was recov
ered from the wreckage.
Lapp's report did not include
the source of his information.
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Candidate, Proxy Discuss
Problems of Lumbermen
By DAN SELLARD
Ot the Reclster.Guard
A candidate for Congress and
a substitute for another talked
about problems of the lumber
industry Friday evening at a
meeting of the Eugene chapter
of the Society of American For
esters. The Republican candidate was
Carl Fisher of Eugene. George
Balsiger, Blue River, county
Democratic chairman, substi
tuted for the Democratic can
didate, Robert Duncan who was
at Mcdford with Vice President
Lyndon Johnson.
i Solutions Offered
Balsiger outlined the prob
lem thus: ". . . the Northwest
lumber industry is having dif-
Forest Fund
Shares Given
30 Counties
SALEM W! Secretary of
State Howell Appling Jr. an
nounced Friday that $12,092,170
from federal forest reserve
rentals and sale of timber on
National Forest lands had been
distributed to 30 counties in
Oregon.
Baker, $74,133; Benton, $57,
445; Clackamas, $833,925; Coos,
$68,457; Crook, $153,004; Curry,
$438,250; Deschutes, $324,392;
Douglas, $1,658,919; Grant,
$238,300; Harney, $131,073;
Hood River, $342,639; Jackson,
$454,618; Jefferson, $61,717; Jo
sephine, $243,164; Klamath,
$630,584; Lake, $315,372; Lane,
$3,018,743; Lincoln, $620,310;
Linn, $944,578; Malheur, $463;
Marion, $393,107; Morrow, $11,
469; Multnomah, $112,642; Tilla
mook, $336,877; UmatlUa, $34,
522; Union, $64,817; Wallowa,
$46,164; Wasco, $341,694;
Wheeler, $48,267; Yamhill, $92,
434. Woman Found
Dead at Oakridge
OAKRIDGE Lucille Sue
Coate, 50, of no permanent ad
dress, was found dead Satur
day afternoon in a railroad
dormitory car here, apparently
a suicide victim.
Dr. Hughes Browne, acting
medical examiner, said the
woman apparently died of an
overdose of barbiturates. She
was found about 12:30 p.m. Sat
urday. Brown said she appeared to
be depressed when she sought
medical aid from him Friday.
Eugenean Awarded
Scholarship at OSU
CORVALLIS James H. Hus
band of 1944 Charnelton St., Eu
gene, has been awarded a $750
scholarship in engineering at
Oregon State University.
He was selected to receive the
electrical engineering under
graduate scholarship sponsored
by Standard Oil Company of
California.
Husband is a senior at OSU.
ficulty in marketing its products
at a price that can compete
with other competition, partic
ularly Canadian imports."
Balsiger said that Duncan's
proposals for solutions are:
Government agencies
should show preference to U.S.
manufactured lumber whenever
possible.
Foreign markets for lum
ber should be exploited further.
The government should
build more access roads so that
the financial burden on the pur
chaser of timber is lessened.
Modification, or elimina
tion, of the Jones Act which
does not allow American ship
pers to use foreign ships be
tween American ports.
A re-inventory of the pub
lic timber and an increased
harvest where possible.
'Lumber Bloc' Advocated
Duncan, according to Balsig
er, docs not favor placing a
quota on the import of Canadian
lumber into the U.S.
500 Phones in Area
Still Out of Order
Some 500 telephones in the
greater Eugene-Springfield met
ropolitan area were still out of
order Saturday evening, accord
ing to Pacific Northwest Bell.
Mike Pezel, phone company
manager, has requested that
subscribers who still lack serv
ice go to the nearest operating
phone and dial operator to re
port the outage.
Crews will work Sunday to
try to complete final restoration
of service.
Commandos Armed
JOHANNESBURG OPI The
Johannesburg Star reports the
surrounding area soon will have
more than 6,000 men under
arms as commandos to guard
public installations against sab
otage or assault.
Turn Toward Peace' Official
Says U. S. Unease Growing
The American public is grow
ing "uneasy" over the interna
tional situation and more and
more people are thinking there
is another way to peace beside
reliance on nuclear armament.
This what Robert Pickus, na
tional coordinator for the Turn
Toward Peace movement, told
about 40 persons in the First
Methodist Church, Eugene, Sat
urday afternoon. '
Pickus and others in the TTP
organization conducted an all
day workshop.
'More and More'
"Thousands of peace organ
izations are working and, al
though they have very little im
pact and arc not always re
garded as serious or patriotic,
there is a growing awareness
that peace cannot be attained
by armament," he said.
When Americans are given
only the choice between reli
ance on military strength or
surrender, "they take the form
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Fisher'ii main thesis was that
the congressional delegations
from Oregon, Washington, Ida
ho, Montatna and northern Cali
fornia should form a "lumber
bloc," such as the maritime bloc
in the New England states and
the farm bloc in the Midwest.
"When members of this bloc
deal with problems of the lum
ber industry, politics should be
forgotten and the delegates
should work together for a com
mon solution!."
One area otf governmental ac
tion, Fisher said, should be in
a universal overhaul of building
codes so thaf "wood products
could be put into full use."
DFPA 'Lesson' Cited
He also proposed "increased '
emphasis on promotion" to in
crease the demand for wood
products and cited the "lesson
taught us by thve Douglas Fir
Plywood Assn."
He pledged his efforts toward
"getting the full allowable cut
(of public trees) on the market,
and if more staff is needed then
it should be available to the
agencies involved."
Fisher said that the forma
tion of the European Common
Market offers a "great oppor
tunity to U.S. lumber" and that
every effort should be made to
get into the new market.
Reciprocal Treatment
He also suggested that ths
U.S. try a policy similar to Can
ada's which says that if a U.S.
merchant sells something in Can
ada he must sign a pledge that
he'll not sell it cheaper than
he would in the U.S. The gov
ernment, he proposed, should
investigate doing the same thing
to Canadian merchants who
sell lumber in the U.S.
In rebuttal to this suggestion,
Balsiger said "if Canadians
were made to sell lumber in
the U.S. at Canadian prices, the
competition would be worse be
cause their Canadian price is
still cheaper."
er," he said. "But more and
more they are interested in see
ing if there is yet another
way."
Most of Pickus' remarks and
most of the effort of the day
was directed at how to best co
ordinate the efforts of all these
groups into one major move
ment. Thoroughly Fragmented
"It isn't enough to just have
a peace movement there was
a powerful peace movement in
the U.S. before World War II,
it enlisted millions, but it was
wrong in that its isolationist at
titude didn't halt the war.
Turn Toward Peace, Pickus
said, is now bent on getting the
public coordinated in a program
which screens all ideas and
comes up with the best.
"The movement is so frag
mented," he said, "that there is
one man in Chicago who spends
all his time putting out a di
rectory of peace organizations."
856 Wlllamttts
DIS-1604