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Page B EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD, Thur April 12. 1962
i Visiting U.S. Reporter Says:
Ideological Race
Still On in Cuba
EDITOR'S NOTE Dave
Roberts, travel editor of the
Cincinnati Enquirer, visited
. Cuba two years ago when
Fidel Castro was riding the
crest of popularity and be
ginning his love affair with
the Soviet Union. When an
old friend in Havana re
cently asked him to fly down
for a little fishing and hunt
ing, Roberts felt it would be
a good chance to find out
what had happened to the
Cuban people. 1
During a ten-day visit in
March, sanctioned by the
State Department and the
Castro government, Roberts
got in his fishing and shoot
ing. He also drove more
than 1,300 miles through
Cuba's interior and nosed
around Havana. He ques
tioned government workers,
farmers, militiamen, sales
girls and scores of others.
Here are some of Roberts'
findings.
By DAVE ROBERTS
Of th Auoctated Preil
Distributed by the Associated Press
After a few days of roam
ing around the island of Cuba,
I camo slowly to the realiza
tion that this was not a Com
munist country at all not in
the way Russia is Communist.
I was witnessing a race still
being run, not one that al
ready had been lost.
The race is between men
and their ideas, in which the
forces of Communism, by
"Education," are trying to win
the hearts of free men before
the free men can effectively
organize their scattered
strength.
Every day the Castro re
gime's educational campaign
is making converts, but each
day new opposition is born,
particularly in the rural areas
where Fidel Castro once had
his strength.
Firing of the sugar cane
fields, Cuba's main source
of income, has long been the
hallmark of Cuban farmers in
revolt. Castro, still deep in
the hills of Oricnte in 1058,
pointed to the smoke clouds
as portents of popular sup
port. But for every fire lighted in
support of Castro in 1958, I
saw a dozen lighted against
him in 1962.
Not Easy to Catch
In one 54-mile stretch I saw
16 fullflcdgcd blazes within
sight of the highway as we
drove home from a morning
of fishing.
The 1,300 miles I drove
around the country showed
me hundreds of scorched
fields. About one third of the
loads of cane being hauled
by truck toward the mills was
charred black. This can still
be processed into sugar, but
it loses two-thirds of its value.
The Castro government has
decreed death for anyone
found guilty of burning cane,
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but the culprits are not easy
to catch.
Why the fires? The answer
Is on the lips of thousands of
disappointed peons who had
been told when Castro took
power that land would be tak
en from the large landowners
and distributed to them.
With Castro's agrarian re
form program, farmers are
beginning to realize that in
stead of getting ground for
themselves, they're doing the
same old work but for a new
boss.
Full Dosages of Communism
Cuban leaders look upon
the island's schools as a pro
per vehicle for political in
doctrination. They are de
pending on schools to indoc
trinate the whole nation with
the Communist philosophy be
fore mounting anti-Commu-.
nist forces can topple the gov
ernment. With government appropri
ations for schools second only
to those for military purposes,
Castro has done more for edu
cation in three years than was
done in the previous 25.
But while the students in
the public schools will absorb
a little rcadin,' writin' and
'rithmetic, they'll also absorb
full dosages in the science of
communism.
Castro is depending on two
factors which he hopes will
smother the seeds of anti
Communist rebellion until his
system of Red indoctrination
has had time to conquer the
hearts of the Cubanos.
They are first, the military
organizations and second
actually part of the first the
enthusiastic, hard-working
and sometimes brilliant young
Cuban Communists.
The Insistent Sound
Castro's strong and able
military forces are made up
for the most part of young
men and women who share a
common enthusiasm. The
army polices Cuba. There are
no other police forces such as
wo have In our cities and
counties.
You can't spend an hour in
. the country without seeing
evidence of the great need
which must exist for strict
and constant military control.
One of the most insistent
sounds in Cuba these days is
the "Hup, hup, hup, hup" of
squad sergeants shouting cad
ence for marching troops. You
move nowhere without per
mission of the military.
The primary purpose of
these militiamen, according
to the Castro government, is
to be ready for the forthcom
ing invasion of "mercenaries"
from the United States. You
see evidence all over Cuba to
support the hoax that the
United States is about to
stage a massive invasion ef
fort. Trenches line parts of
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ilar fortifications are strung
out along other sectors of the
north coast.
Bints of Old Luxury
Castro's military machine
has begun to move down the
same road followed by ex-Dictator
Batista. There are ar
rests, tortures and executions,
and they all increase the num
ber of anti-government Cu
bans. Another cause of mounting
unrest is the shortage of food,
although it is not as bad as
some outsiders believe. Short
ages appear in homes and res
taurants. But while the old
abundance is gone, there is
still enough food to maintain
a fair standard of living. In
restaurants one meat or fish
dish usually is available.
Sometimes a vegetable omelet
must suffice. But in some of
the night clubs and govern
ment hotels you can still find
hints of the old luxury.
In homes, conditions ap
pear considerably more seri
ous. Still, if the present rate
of rationing can be continued,
no one will starve.
The Castro government is
trying to turn these shortages
to propaganda advantage.
Uncle Sam and his Western
allies get the blame for every
thing from chinch bugs to
broken drive shafts, from dir
ty flour to soleless shoes.
How well this hate campaign
is working is hard to answer.
I found no evidence of per
sonal anomosity from anyone
anywhere in Cuba. I was as
warmly received and as hos
pitably treated as I ever was.
Night Club Propaganda
But it has been only in re
cent weeks that the real chips
have been down. Castro's
been howling how much the
United States was hurting
Cuba. But Cuba had not been
feeling much pain. Now things
aren't going well. Fidel now
has proof that Cubans are
being hurt.
I found Havana's night
clubs booming much like the
old days except that gambling
has disappeared. But the
night clubs like the schools
are Communist propaganda
vehicles.
The floor shows are built
around anti-U.S. jokes and
Uncle Sain is portrayed with
the face of an ape and the
protruding fangs of a Gargan
tua. Gangsters and a gold
clad figure known as Mr. Got
rocks also appear on the
scene.
At one show a Cuban with
all the earmarks of a city
detective slipped into a seat
at the table adjoining mine.
I laughed like fury at the
anti-U.S. jokes after that. I
wasn't certain he was tailing
me, but if so, I hope he was
confused!
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