UM tOW HON! NWIMm
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
ALTON F. BAKER Publisher
ALTON F. BAKER JR. Editor ROBERT B. FRAZIER Associate Editor
SERVICES Full Associated Press, United Press, .Audit Bureau of Circulations.
The Register-Guard's policy is the complete and impartial publication in its news
pages of all news and statements on news. On this page the editors of the Register
Guard offer their opinions on events of the day and matters of importance to the
community, endeavoring to be candid but fair and helpful in the development of con
structive community policy. A newspaper is A CITIZEN OF ITS COMMUNITY.
Entered at the Post Office at Eugene, Oregon, as second-class matter.
We're Getting More Mileage Than We Used To
8A
EUGENE, OREGON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 21, 1955
include Us Out' of S.B. No. 6.
Paul Harvey, the AP's stalehouse
man, reports that Lane County will like
ly be left out of Senate Bill No. 6, if the
bill passes. That's fine. It's a good law
for somebody else, but not for us. It's
a bill which would create "legislative
subdistricts" in Lane, Marion and Mult
nomah Counties. It breaks the counties
into smaller districts for the election of
members of the House of Representa
tives. Authority for the legislature to
pass such a bill was given last fall at the
general election.
This newspaper last fall recom
mended approval of the permissive law.
We still think it's a good idea. The time
may come when we need it here. But
that time is not yet. In Multnomah
County the situation is different. There
voters elect 16 members of the House.
That means they pick from 32 candi
dates. It's nearly impossible for a voter
to be thoroughly informed upon the
qualifications of that many. The ballot
is just too long;
' Here the situation is different. We
send five men to the House. We're con
fronted with, the names of 10 hopefuls
each election. That's not too many for
the average voter to know about. Marion
County sends four.
Senate Bill No. 6 does not subdistrict
the Senate. It applies only to the House.
In Lane County it would set up two sub
districts. The first would consist of
Eugene and nearby precincts (the Santa
Claras, the Davises, Bethel, College
Crest, Friendly, Judkins, Garden Way,
Willakenzie, Norkenzie, Willagillespie,
River Road and part of Glenwood). That
.TV
A Full-Time Job
' We see no reason why (he Legislature
should reject a bill which would offer a
full-time salary to a man hired for what
ought to be a full-time job. We refer to
Earl Hill's proposal allowing counties to
add to the salary of a district attorney.
The D.A., thereupon, would be forbid
den to accept private clients.
Considering what a lawyer can make
in private practice, the salaries paid dis
trict attorneys are ridiculous. To make
up for the small salaries, the state lets
the D.A. accept private business on the
side. District attorneys of Lane and
Marion counties are paid $5,800 a year.
The state pays one deputy $3,600. The
county hires three more deputies at
$4,500. All of them add to this money
by private practice.
Tuesday the county bar association
went on record as favoring a change.
The bar approved the recommendation
of a special committee (A. T. Goodwin,
Douglas Spencer, Keith Rodman) that
the county add to the salaries and that
private practice be prohibited. Their re
port pointed out that this is the system
now followed in Multnomah County,
where 10 deputy district attorneys make
more salary than the district attorneys
of Lane or Marion County. The report
argued for the advantages of having a
full-time man looking after the legal
business of the stale and county.
The Legislature ought to view this
bill favorably, especially since it won't
cost the state anything. The extra money
will come from the counties.
Of Men and Mountains
This doctor the other day was talking
about tension, that awful condition that
strikes men in the best years of their
lives, cutting their efficiency, ruining
their dispositions, and sometimes lead
ing to changes of wives, frequent trips
to the liquor store and an early grave.
Tension, this doctor estimated, accounts
for more loss of manpower than indus
trial accidents, for more broken homes
than strong drink, and for more untimely
deaths than polii It is rooted in fear
and jealousy, which are practically the
same thing. The fear is fear of the man
on the rung below, fear he will take
your spot on the ladder before you can
step onto the rung above.
So wc fell to talking about the child
hood game "king of the mountain." Two
basic motivations are displayed by the
child who strives to get to the top of
the knoll and who then tries to keep
others from replacing him as "king."
On the way up he is motivated by am
bition. He wants to get to the top. Once
he has reached tho summit, he stops
climbing. Then ho is motivated by new
emotions jealousy and fear. Jealous of
district would elect two representatives.
The second subdistrict would consist of
the remainder of the county and would
elect three.
We may as well point out now that
we know this might mean a heavier
Democratic representation from Lane
County. If you cut out Eugene, this is a
Democratic County. Last fall there was
a majority here of 1,397 Republican
voters. But, with Eugene cut out, there
would havo been a Democratic majority
of 2,824. However, it is not upon that
ground that we oppose this bill, as writ
ten We were against it even before we
cast a gerrymandering eye upon the way
the county had been divided.
If Eugene is to have a district of its
own, so should Springfield, which is one
of the largest cities in Oregon and which
is still growing. Furthermore, the 10
names now on the ballot are no problem.
For the county outside Eugene the bill
would provide a reduction of only four
names. That's not enough to make it
worth while.
Most important is the fact that Lane
County delegations to the legislature
work as a team, without thought of
which part of the county a man "repre
sents." And, because of the realities of
politics, there is usually what amounts
to subdistricting anyhow. We now have
one man from the coast, one from Cot
tage Grove, one from Creswell and two
from Eugene. We don't need this new
law. We can't speak for Marion and
Multnomah Counties. If they want it,
they should be allowed to have it. But
we'd just as soon be "included out."
In
his position as "king," he is fearful of
the children on the bank below, fearful
lest he lose his hard-won title.
But now suppose, we asked this doc
- tor, that the mountain were endless,
that it stretched on and on? Suppose
the king were not on the top, but just
nearest the top? Suppose he didn't have
to fight off the man below, because he
knew there was plenty of room above?
Then would not his motivation again be
ambition rather than fear?
Take a case history. Take the case of
Uncle Sam, a favorite relative who
struggled hard to get to the top, and
who is now jittery lest somebody
place him as "king." Uncle Sam has
ulcer and he hasn't been sleeping well.
He broods and talks to himself. He shops
around for patent medicines. He's even
permitted himself to think about killing
off those who are struggling for his
spot on the mountain. He's thought
those thoughts out loud a time or two
and they have embarrassed him and
made him feel guilty. He's on the way
to becoming a ndrvous wreck, all be
cause he's jealous of his position on top
of. the mountain.
Uncle Sam ought to take a calmer
look around. He'd see that he is not on
top. He's high man, true enough, but
there is a long way to go before he can
say, "Look. Here I stand, king of the
mountain, on the highest pinnacle that
can be reached by man." If Uncle Sam
would look around, he'd see that there
was still more of the mountain to be
climbed. His ulcer would wijher away
and he'd start sleeping better. He'd stop
snapping at his nieces and nephews, who
really love him, and he'd dismiss
thoughts of taking cure-all drugs. He'd
be happy again, showing everybody he
could still climb as he once did, back
in the old days when he attained the
highest peak ever reached by man a
peak that is a long way from the very,
very top of the mountain.
The War's Over
The war must be over. Tucked away
in the news is the information that the
German government is starting what
amounts to a little Point IV program of
its own. West German technicians are
starting out for far points to spread their
technical information into the undevel
oped areas of the world.
' Remember the German technician?
He was in South America and in the
Near East and in Africa before World
War I and again before World War II.
He was a great, technician, too, although
sometimes he brought with him ideas
that were more political than technical.
All we can do now is wish the techni
cian wejl, and hope for his sake, and
otijs, that his sense of humor is better
than it used to bcand that his mission
this time is who?5- technical.
MARQUIS CHILDS . , ,
Former Senator Scrutinizes
Federal Security System '4
WASHINGTON This capital
is still reacting to the remarkable
-speech made the other day by
former Sen. Harry P. Cain of
Washington in which he sub
jected the whole
system of em
ployee security
in the federal gov
ernment to the
most - searching
scrutiny. He said
in conclusion that
if the security!
system had un
dermined c o n f i
dence in the good1
nv7
faith of the Am-
Childs
PAUL W. HARVEY JR.
Governor Not Worried Over Tax Program
SALEM W-Gov. Paul Patter
son doesn't feel too bad about the
cool reception that Republican
legislators are giving his tax pro
gram. His attitude is that if the Legis
lature can come up with a better
answer to the state's critical fi
nancial position, it can go right
ahead.
The governor wants a state
property tax, and wants to boost
state income taxes by taking
away the deduction for federal
income taxes.
"I reached that conclusion after
long and careful study," the gov
ernor said. "I'm not trying to
shove anything down the Legisla
ture's throat. If it can find a
better way to maintain needed
state services, that would-be fine.
HIGHER RATES
"There still is another answer,
though. That would be to in
crease income taxes right down
the line ,by providing higher
rates."
Naturally, people who own lots
of property and who have large
incomes don't like the governor's
program. It would hit them hard.
There are numerous people in
this economic class in the Legis
lature, and they would rather
have a sales tax.
People who own little or no
property, and who have small
incomes, like the governor's plan.
It would not hurt them much.
AU of which proves the old
saying: The best tax is the one
that soaks the other guy.
Four years ago, then - Gov.
Douglas McKay suggested re
moval of the federal tax deduc
tion. This idea didn't get any
place. But. when the showdown
came, this wasn't needed, be
cause the Legislature found
enough surplus income tax funds
to balance the budget.
SALES TAX
Up to now, a sales tax bill could
be passed easily through the
Legislature. This time, it's a toss
up, because of opposition from
the governor and the Democrats.
Of the 25 Democrats in the
House, 22 probably would vote'
against a sales tax. If only eight
Republicans supported the gov
ernor, a sales tax would be block
ed. The Legislature doesn't have
floor leaders for .each parly, as
Congress and most legislatures
do.
But there are a few lawmakers
who serve the same purpose, and
it's already possible lo tell who
the Legislature's leaders are.
The Republican leader in the
House Is Rep. Loran L. Stewart,
Cottage Grove lumberman. Speak
er Ed Geary has made Stewart
his chief lieutenant, as welt as
chairman of the Tax Committee.
DEMOCRATIC LEADERS
The Democratic leaders in the
House are Reps. Maurine Neuber
ger and Alfred H. Corbett, both
of Portland.
In the Senate, the biggest Re
publican wheels are Sens. Paul
Geddes, Roseburg; Howard C.
Belton, Canby; and Warren Gill,
Lebanon. Ranking close behind
them are Sens. Gene Brown,
Grants Pass, and John Merri
field, Portland.
The man who appears to run the
Democratic strategy in the upper
House is Sen. Monroe Sweetland,
Milwaukic. He's Democratic na
tional committeeman.
erican people, then a "whole cli
que of spies" could not do greater
damage. .
What made this speech so re
markable was that in the Sen
ate Cain was one of the extrem
ists linked with the McCarthy-Jenner-Welker
trio. As he said
in his address to Republicans at
Spokane, he has come to a reali
zation of the threat to freedom
inherent in the present security
system as a result of two years
of sitting, listening and thinking.
After his defeat for re-election
in 1952, Cain was appointed by
President Eisenhower to be a
member of the Subversive Activ
ities Control board. This board
has responsibility for determin
ing whether the attorney general
is correct in listing organizations
as dominated, controlled and di
rected by the Communist Party
and therefore subversive. The
board holds extensive hearings
and it has generally been rated
as conscientious and thorough.
CONFERRED WITH OFFICIALS
What was not known when
Cain made his speech was that
be had conferred with White
House Officials about what he was
going to say well in advance. This
.was in no sense to get approval
of his proposed criticisms of the
security system. But he wanted
those most immediately con
cerned with the problem to know
the line of reasoning he had
reached.
Remembering Cain for his of
ten wild-eyed statements about
the Communist danger, the cyn
ics were inclined to look for a
political motive in the speech.
But those close to Cain reject
this cynical interpretation. They
say for many months he has been
quietly discussing his doubts of
the system now in force and the
injustices it has caused. They
believe this has been a genuine
process of soul-searching by one
who has been observing the loyalty-security
operation at first
hand. Cain quoted President Eisen
hower's statement of more than
a year ago as follows:
"In this country i someone ac
cuses you, he must confront you;
he cannot assassinate you or your
character from behind without
suffering the penalties an out
raged citizenry will impose."
TOO MUCH TERRITORY
If a security system is to work
without endangering freedom,
the "outraged citizenry" must
cry but in indignation whenever
the citizen encounters or uncov
ers an act of injustice. He added
the hope that "Republican lead
ers will begin to acknowledge
the criticisms more rapidly and
move more swiftly in correcting
mistakes in judgment or pro
cedure when they occur." The
former senator acknowledged
that in years in the Senate he
often tried to cover too much
territory.
In his speech Cain cited three
instances in which he said the
'internal security apparatus had
failed completely in one respect
or another to balance the re
quirements of freedom with the
demands of security. The first
was the case of Wolf Ladejin
sky, former agricultural attache
in Tokyo, which received wide
publicity when the Department .
of Agriculture denied him clear
ance and then he was cleared
and given a job by the Foreign
Operations Administration.
The second case, that of Victor
Havris of Detroit, is less well
known. A master sergeant in the
Air Force with 14 years service
behind him, Havris was found to
be a security risk because when
he was 12 years old his father
took him to a Communist meet
ing. The Mavris case is being re
viewed at a higher1 level.
VERDICT OVERRULED
The third case, that of Milo J.
Radulovich, an Air Force first
lieutenant pronounced a secur
ity risk because of his sister's
alleged pro-Communist activities,
was resolved in Radulovich's fav- '
or when Air Force Secretary
Harold Talbott overruled secur
ity officers.
Out of his experience of the
past two years Cain lists what be
believes to be the major defects
of the present security system.
One,' which has been frequently
cited, is that there is no unifor
mity of standards between the
departments and bureaus and no
top review board. Another major
defect is that security officers
are so often inexperienced,
naive and ignorant. One gathers
from Cain's speech that his own
prescription two years of sit
ting, listening, and thinking
would do a great deal for those
who administer the security pro
gram. Certainly, it has worked an
extraordinary transformation in
Cain's own case.
(Distributed by United Fea-'t'
ture Syndicate, Inc.)
FREDERICK C. OTHMAN
A lobbyist is suggesting that the
Oregon Legislature could save a
lot of time by having electronic
voting systems.
In the House, it takes about
three minutes to call the roll of
60 names. Late in the session,
when there are- 30 or 40 rollcalls,
it would save at least two hours
a day.
Let's Have a High Tariff
For Us Clothespin Makers
IN THE EDITOR'S MAILBAG
The Eagle
EUGENE (To the Editor)
How many readers of the Sat.
Eve. Post noticed the caricature
of The American Eagle on the
cover page of the Jan. 15th num
' ber, that annual number dedi
cated to the memory of the Great
American, Benjamin Franklin?
The bald eagle, indigenous to
North America, and possessing
qualities typifying the aims and
aspirations' of the new Republic,
was chosen as a National Em
blem. As a National Emblem the
American Eagle represents our
government. In this connection it
is of historical importance to
note that Benjamin Franklin bit
terly opposed the adoption of the
eagle as the National Emblem
on account of its habit of robbing
other more agile smaller birds of
the prey they had secured. Now
we see both Benjamin and the
American Eagle adorning the
cover page of The Post in ap
parent partnership.
The American Eagle, as a Na
tional Emblem, looks to his right,
facing the foe. Holds an olive
branch in his right talon, signi
fying the U. S. as a peaceful na
tion. In his left talon he holds
arrows, proclaiming to the world
our ability and readiness to go to
war when our efforts for an hon
orable peace fail.
rtow, take another look at the
eagle as used by the Post. In
terpret the meaning as used in
this fashion. This is an annual
offense committed by The Post.
Jan. 16th. '54 the eagle was much
larger, but the same caricature.
There were about six letters
passed between me and the Art
Editor of The Post. He was told
where he ould obtain authentic
information. He ordered a copy
of "So Proudly We Hail," a code
treaties on our National Em
blems, approved by the 77th Con
gress. When wc read the discourse
on page 3, This Week's Cover,
we find sentimeift worthy our
best Americans. Could the Art
Editor have written those words?
My correspondence with him may
get under way again. Instead of
calling his attention to lift error
i e
this year, I have sent a letter to
LETTERS in The Post which I
hope will be published.
The average Joe on the street
will say, "What's the difference"?
Really, perhaps not much. Just
the difference between right and
wrong. Just the difference be
tween right and left.
W. E. BUCHANAN. P.D.C.,
Dept. Oregon USWV.,
1158 High St.
On Zoos
EUGENE (To the Editor)
A letter is in my possession and
I pass it on to Mrs. Jenke, Mr.
Dudeck and others interested.
"ST. LOUIS ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Under the management of the
Zoological Board of Control
St. Louis 10, Mo.
January 13, 1955
Mr. Edgar Zehrung
448 W. 8th, Apt. 6
Eugene, Oregon.
Dear Mr. Zehrung:
Under separate cover we are
sending you a copy of our guide
book, which shows our layout
and type of operation.
However, you must remember
that St. Louis has a population
which approaches one million
people, with a metropolitan area
of twice that, and that our type
of installation probably would
not be suitable for a small com
munity. Your verv trulv,
ZOOLOGICAL BOARD OF
CONTROL
By H. CONWAY
Administrative Assistant"
This is the first of 22 replies
I expect to receive from various
zoos and zoological gardens in
the USA and other countries.
I ?ust wonder if this Emerald
Empire will ever reach the one
million mar Didn't realize St
Louis was so large. Any of you
readers ever been to thfir zoo?
If so. why not grab a pen and
describe some of the attractions
to me. I' answer! Perhaps they
have i extra hippopotami.
who ants to manage a hipr.'
EV9XU ZEHRUNG
6 448 West 8th, Apt8
Wire-Tapping
SALEM (To the Editor) This
is in reference to your editorial of
last week commenting on the re
cent opinion by this office render
ed to Senator Don Husband rela
tive to the admissibility of evid
ence obtained by the means of
wire-tapping. Your editorial quite
correctly points out that the func
tion and authority of the Attorney
general's office is to interpret
existing law, not to make it.
Personally, I am opposed to
wire-tapping except in cases of
espionage or subversive activities
(only after court permission has
been obtained as in the case of
search warrants), but my own
views are entirely beside the point
and do not give me authority to
change the law to conform with
my personal views. As stated in
concluding my opinion:
"While the interception of mes
sages is undoubtedly an invasion
of the right of privacy and a civil
remedy for damages may be
available, wire-tapping is not a
criminal act in Oregon. To rectify
this situation the matter should
be brought to the attention of the
legislature, but it cannot be cor
rected by expanding, liberalizing
or placing a strained construction
upon exisUng legislation."
ROBERT Y. THORNTON
Attorney General.
In the Mud
EUGENE (To the Editor)
Just recently I parked on East
Park facing the City Park (Not
trying to be funny). I found my
self and others walking in mud
to use the meters. Having oc
casion to wait there a few min
utes in my car I watched these
other people picking their way in
and out in their act of being
legal and wondered why some of
the fai from these premium
rated meters should not be spent
for some fine crushed rock to
m&e a decent path for the bene
fit of these parking customers.
FRANK BRAUVORD
Box 241, Route 2
WASHINGTON The manufac
turers of wrist watches, bicycles,
dinner plates, briar pipes, plas
tic clothespins, baby shoes, paper
clips, and a few hundred other
items are about to descend upon
the House Ways and Means Com
mittee to complain that foreign
competition is ruining them.
They'll have figures to prove
this and I am sure they will be
sincere. Many of them will say
that they believe firmly in the
principles of free trade, but that
exceptions should be made in
their own desperate cases. This
won't be funny insofar as they
are concerned, but it begins to
sound that way when repeated
about items ranging from albums,
photo, to zithers, mahogany.
But this is a new year and
some things are changed. Even
the sanctum of the Committee
looks different. For years I en
joyed mentioning the gold-draped
chamber of the gentlemen in
charge of the money bags; this
somehow" seemed appropriate.
Now the golden damask is gone;
replaced by a coat of peculiarly
vivid green paint.
TARIFF CUTS
And there's President Eisen
hower, asking of Congress again
the right to reduce tariffs for the
next three years. Last year his
own Republican Party wouldn't
go along with him. Now Demo
crats are in charge and the tone
of their questioning indicates
that they agree Eisenhower has
a good idea. As of now I'd say
the chances arc better for the
tax on imported clothespins (and
numerous other things) going
down instead of up.
The first witnesses on the
President's side were his own
secretaries of state, defense, and
treasury, all of whom agreed that
freer trade meant n$re trade. I
missed hearing them on account
of other events that seemed more
interesting at the time, but I did
spend about three hours listen
ing to Harold E. Stassen.
You remember him. He ran for
president once and I recall plcas
urably that he passed out free
sandwiches to press and politi
cian alike at his Philadelphia
campaign headquarters. Now he's
director of the Foreign Opera
tions Administration.
And I must report that he
made an especially, persuasive
witness. If ,we won't' buy stuff
from the folki in Europe, he said,
then we've got to give 'em relief
money. It is that simple, he said.
Now, he continued, our flow
of billions to Europe has been
reduced to a mere trickle and
this is because the Europeans,
themselves, are back on their
feet in a business way. They're
buying almost as much from us
as we're selling to them and they
are enjoying their greatest pros
perity in history.
"What they can buy from us
is limited in large measure by W
what we can buy from them," he
said. "It is neither sound nor
wise to try to substitute an aid
program for what trade ought to
be doing."
He agreed with Secretary of
Defense Charles E. Wilson that
we'd be smart to start trading
with Russia, if we could swap our
surplus butter for their manga
nese. The butter might help fat
ten up some hungry Ruskies, but
we'd be ahead of the game if we
got their manganese to go into
our steel. Some of the congress
men were concern about the pos
sibilities of trading with the
Reds, on the theory, apparently,
that they'd skunk us.
FIRST-CLASS TRADER
"It has been my experience
that the American businessman
is a first-class trader," Stassen
said.
About the only complaint I
have about Stassen as a witness
concerns his pile of charts and
red and yellow spots on 'em, as j
well as green stripes and also
pale green stripes. These made
sense to him, but most of the
committeemen never did figure
'em out. They asked for copies
so they could study the pictures.
I'd say that Stassen would have
done better without his easel,
but that's the way it is with top
men in government. They've got
to have their graphs to giv 'em
confidence.
SO THEY SAY
The Soviets have got the H
bomb. There is no douift about
it AEC Chairman Strauss.
Our own nation makes itson
tribution to the peaceful settle-
ment of these issues (prisoner
dealings with Red China) by heed?
ing the Biblical injunction to "be
slow to anger." Secretary of
State Dulles.