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Tree liis Not Carried Upward
By EUGENE BURNS
"YOUR COLUMN giving great
pleasure. Asking, please, how can
duck keep from freezing feet in
cold ice-water?" writes T.I., via
the Tokyo (Japan) Asahi. H.R.T
via Ihe Paterson (N.J.) News de
mands: "Got an argument on. I
claim a tree's limbs get higher
off the ground as the tree grows
. . ." F.P.S.-M., a reader of this
column in the Newcastle Upon
Tyne (England) Chronicle asks:
"Actually, can a fish survive af
ter being frozen solid? I, frankly,
do not believe it."
Cold Feet: Apparenlly bird's
feet can come close to the outside
temperature of their surroundings
without affecting their body tem
perature, which, as you may
know, is about five degrees high
er than man's.
Observing northern waterbirds
paddling about in icy water, or
puffins and penguins standing
barefooted on ice, it seems quite
certain that their feet must be
impervious to cold. Likewise, heat
docs not seem lo affect birds'
feet. I've seen pigcous strutting
unconcernedly on near-melting
asphalt and a Canada jay was
seen standing on an almost red
hot stove and remaining there for
eight seconds, showing a little
nervousness but no discomfort.
It may be possible, T.I., that
during severe weather extremes,
almost all blood circulation is
withdrawn from the pedal ex
tremities. At any rate, feet consist
mostly of bones and tendons cov
ered with scales, all of which con-
lain little moisture to freeze or
be affected by heat.
It has been calculated that if a
bird in subzero weather had to
keep its exposed feet at body tem
perature, it couldn't cat enough
food to match the loss of heat.
Tree Limbs: Few myths hang
on tighter than the one that trees
grow in height from the roots up,
by lengthening the trunk and,
in consequence, Ihe lower limbs
of a tree gradually are carried
upward. Sorry, H.R.T., but there
is not and never can be any up
ward growth in the trunk of a
tree other than that which occurs
from the tip-top with the annual
extension of the terminal buds.
After one growing season, wood
fiber does not grow in length. It
becomes inert, mostly dead. In
fact, 99 per cent of any tree is
"dead," although this dead part
acts as the tree's framework and
plumbing system. The living,
growing cells of a tree less than
1 per cent, actually are at the
tips of roots, in a thin sheath just
below the bark, at the tips of
twigs, and in leaves where they
work to make food for the tree.
That sheath of cells below the
bark, however, does cause the
tree to grow in circumference.
you might say, grow bigger
'round. This forces the bark to
stretch. That is why saplings are
usually smooth. . But as the tree
grows older, this bark usually
bursts apart and helps one iden
tify a tree in winter when leaves
are shed.
The red cedar acquires a
shredded appearance. The elm,
shallow ridges. The ash forms
diamond-shaped crisscrosses. The
shagbark hickory's outer cover
ing breaks off like loose shingles.
The sycamore's has so little give
that the outer layer promptly
breaks off and exposes white
patches of the inner and more
elastic bark. The beech's gener
ally manages to keep from crack
ing and develops a beautiful silver-gray
surface.
The reason limbs may appear
to grow higher, H.R.T., is that
trees often shed lower limbs and
in time the bark . covers the
wounds. But if a limb is 20 feet
high, it grew that high to begin
with or the ground has been
washed away!
As a timber cruiser, I have
chopped base-line marks on trees
and returned ten years later to
find the marks at exactly the
same level. Fence wires stapled
to growing trees also are not car
ried upward. Had enough, H.R.T.?
I could go on.
Fish Freeze: Yes, fish are cold
blooded and can survive being
frozen. Fish which live in north
ern waters are sometimes ice
locked for months. And it is pos
sible to chop frozen fish from
the ice frozen just as hard as
stone. With the return of spring,
after a whole wintertime of froz
en immobility, these fish "come
alive." But why not try an ex
periment yourself? Take some
cold-water fish. To make it easy,
a common little minnow. Keep it
in cold water for a day and then
put it in the freezing chamber
of your refrigerator overnight
and see what happens. (Better
use a container that won't crack.)
If you like keep him there for a
week, or a month. If he doesn't
thaw out and swim I'll eat him
and I'm not fond of stale min
nows.
(Copyright, 1954, by Eugene
Burns).
LOS ANGELES 'WELCOMING COMMITTEE'
Police Fight 'Hoods' With Publicity
By RALPH JIOVIS
LOS ANGELES Wl A welcom
Ing committee was on hand the
day Anlhony J. Accardo stepped
off a plane at International Air
port.
But Ihe Chicago hoodlum de
scribed by the director of the Chi
cago Crime Commission as the
head of the old Al Capone syndi
categot no heartly handclasp
or keys to the city from this com
mittee. Instead he received a curt or
der: "Get out of town."
And Accardo did.
That's a good example of the
unfriendly gesture being extend
ed to all bigshot hoods and "mus
cle men" who come here planning
to make Los Angeles a base for
Western operations.
Accardo's welcomers were
three members of the 34-man In
telligence Division of the Los
Angeles Police Department, an
unusual organizalion set up four
years ago which has received
bouquets of praise from city com
missioners, criminologists and the
0. S. Senate.
UNIQUE'
"Our division is unique," ex
plained Capt. James E. Hamilton,
its chief, "because our main re
sponsibility is to see who is try
ing to get big in the field of
crime and to find a means to
slop him legally.
"Our job is lo gather informa
tion about every big hood in the
nation and keep him out of Los
Angeles."
How docs the division get its
information?
It has ils own files, cross-refer
enced with those of the full files
of Ihe police department. As a
whole, it subscribes lo 18 major
city daily newspapers and clips
every major crime story in those
papers.
HIT PARADE'
A black notebook-Hiihheri "I ho
hit Darade" contain: nirfnrnc
of the gangsters, their addresses,
aliases, criminal records, auto
mobile descriptions, jobs and
avocations. Even the names and
addresses of their pals.
The division has informants in
every large city. They give tips
about the trips of hoods to Cali
fornia. Amonir the informant,: urn
city crime commissioners, dis
trict attorneys, narcotics officers,
lecierat agents, detectives and
newsoaDer crime rpnorterK. And
a constant watch is kept at trans
portation terminals.
NO PUBLICITY .
"The basic premise of the in
telligence system is simple,"
Capt. Hamilton says. "A hood
Chewing does it
Cct a happy little lift.
Chew Wriglcy's Spearmint Cum.
Helps you on the job. ft e j
Work goes lasti
freshens your nsl
.wmouv'7
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Seminoles Knew
How to Build
GAINESVILLE. Fla (in A tint.
versily of Florida professor says
architects have learned a lot of
valuable lessons from the Semin
ole Indians about the right way to
build a house in Florida.
Dr. William T. Arnelte, dean of
Ihe College of Architecture, ex
plained that the traditional Semi
mole houses Bet the full arlvan.
lages of Florida's climate by pro
viding a living space completely
open to Ihe breeze and at the
same time protecting Ihe interior
irom sun and ram by a wide pal
motto thatch roof.
Dr. Arnctte added that modern
architecture in Florida' is follow
inc the same nrincinlo hv rtic.
garding the "custoiiiary distinc
tion between walls, windows and
doors. Walls on Ihe south or east
side of the house are of the fold
ing or roll-back variety so lhat
Ihe house can be completely open
ed lo the breeze."
I "We are seeing Ihe prototypes
j of what may well be a new, but
yet ancient, architecture," he concluded.
I can't stand publicity. He works
UKe a kid. When he knows the
police are wise to him, he'll back
off and start somewhere else.
He seldom operates in a place
where the publicity and heat
are on."
The division operates on a bud
get of $112,000 per year. Its of
ficers fall in no single category.
Most of them have 6 to 10 years
of work in narcotics or other
units. Some, however, are young
er, with less specialized back
ground but plenty of drive, the
chief reports. .
In contacts with gangsters and
racketeers, the officers follow a
strict non-fraternization rule.
'We don't accept so much as a
cup of coffee from a hood.
"We don't use clubs over their
heads. That's out. And we don't
make a pinch unless we have a
case. These hoods fight time. We
face an appeal with every one
of the top racketeers." "
Putting on the heat takes va
rious courses.
"If a hood is here while his
family, friends and home are all
elsewhere if he is more than
just vacationing then that man,
to us, is a potential hazard to
the community. Our job is to
discourage .him."
"We may tail him bumper to
bumper all day. Stop when he
stops. Get coffee when he does.
Shake down his pals. Stay with
him. Publicize him in the papers.
Keep the pressure on."
iWT ChKiT STOP
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IHM Pearl 4-4253
Carol's Widow Denies
Ex-King Left Fortune
LISBON UP The widow of ex
King Carol of Romania, Ihe for
mer Magda Lupescu, has denied
reports Carol left a fortune when
he died here suddenly more than
a year ago.
"What has ben said in this re
spect is pure legend," she added
in an interview with the Lisbon
newspaper, Diario do Nolicias.
With the title Princess Helena,
Carol's widow has continued to
live quietly at Ihe nearby Esloril
chateau, Mar o Sol, since the
former monarch's death.
"The king carried hardly any
thing from Romania," she said,
"All he had is there. His life in
exile was always modest and hon
orable." A three-way legal battle is un
der way in Lisbon courts for
Carol's estate. Besides his widow,
the contestants are Carol's son by
his second marriage, ex-King Mi
chael, and Mirca Lambrinc of
Paris. Lambrino filed claims nn
grounds he is Carol's son hy
Carol's youthful morganatic mar
riage lo Jonnna Lambrino.
WHERE I FOUGHT TH' DRAGON, sTRACK5 DISAPPEAR, f abf tSi, f '
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