1 1
ypg 4 Sun., Jan. 18, 1952 Register-Guard, Eugene, Ore.,
Korean Headlines; Hope Despair Hope Despair Hope Despair!
'Peace!1 Six Months and Three Days
Have Gone and Have Led-Nowhere
Today it . Is six monthi and
three days since the United Na
tions and Communist truce dele
gates first sat across a table at
Kaesong to seek an armistice in
the Korean War.
During the past half year, a
Hood of headlines has revealed
bright prospects for peace and
then suddenly dashed hopes, as
first one side and then the other
has rejected proposals for an
armistice.
It was ca June 26 that Jacob
Malik, chief Soviet delegate to the
United Nations, stirred the free
world with a call for a cease-fire
In Korea and a general withdraw
al by the belligerents from the
8th Parallel at a time when U.N.
forces were pressing relentlessly
northward.
Agenda Set Up July 25
It took nearly three weeks, be
fore the five-man UN delegation
and a five-man Communist team
started discussion of an armistice
agenda on July 10.
On July 25, a five-point agenda
was agreed upon. The agenda in
cluded: 1. Approval of the acenda.
2. Establishment of a buffer
lone.
3. Supervision of armistice.
4. Exchange of prisoners.
5. Recommendations to re
spective governments.
Now, nearly six months later,
the negotiators are deadlocked on
Points 3 and 4,
The headlines after the Initial
July 10 meeting said:
"Progress Reported at Peace
Meeting." Hopes were high.
Then the first obstacle arose.
The press of the free world was
barred from the meetings, and on
July 12 General Matthew B. Ridg
way, Allied supreme commander,
called off the talks because of
- this and because armed Chinese
guards were present at the Kae
song meetings.
Stumbling Blocks Arise
On July 14, the Reds agreed to
let newsmen attend and gave as
surrances that the armed guards
would be removed. The talks
were resumed. On July 19, in the
U.N. communique, the words, "no
progress," appeared for the first
time. This phrase became com
mon In succeeding months.
The stumbling block was the
Communist demand for immediate
withdrawal of all "foreign" troops
from Korea as soon as the armis
tice was signed.
From here on, the headlines re
ported a virtual impasse, although
some points of agreement would
be reached. But then other de
mands, usually by the Commu
nists, would delay proceedings.
Some of the headlines, from key
dates follow:
July 26 Reds, U.N. Agree on
Agenda.
July 27 Buffer Zone Blocks
Armistice.
Aug. 2 Talks Stalled, Allies
Advance.
Aug. 4 Rldgway Calls Off
Peace Talks.
This was the second time the
U.N. suspended the talks, and
again it was because of armed
Red guards at the peace camp.
The Reds said this was "just an
. accident," and the talks were re
sumed on Aug. 10 with the Reds
demanding a cease-fire line at the
; 38th Parallel and the U.N. hold
ing out for a battlefrnnt line,
which was about 25-30 miles north
of the parallel at most points.
Aug. 14 Settle or Fight, Rldg
way Tells Reds.
This was in reference to U.N.
insistence that the truce line be
t at battlefront. In the next breath
i, vie U.N. offered a proposal that
a two-man subcommittee from
. each side study the buffer zone
, question. Vice Admiral C. Turner
Joy, chief U.N. peace delegate,
spurned the 38th Parallel as "dis
astrous fo U.N. forces.
Aug. 20 Reds Blame U.N. for
"Ambush" of Red Troops at
Kaesong area.
Aug. 23 Reds' Break Off Talks.
Rldgway charges "Frameup."
Aug. 30 Reds Multiply Charges
of Kaesong Violations.
Sept. 6 Rldgway Asks New Site
for Peace Talks.
This was done to get the talks
out of Red-held area to neutral
ground. The next day the head
lines said: "Reds Denounce Rldg
way Offer to Shift Talks."
Sept. 9 Red Tanks Reported in
Kaesong.
Sept. 10 Reds Charge Fighter
Strafes Kaesong.
Sept. 11 U.N. Admits Strafing
Kaesong.
Sept. 20 Reds Propose Peace
Teams Meet at Kaesong.
On Sept. 24 liaison teams met
at Kaesong and got nowhere. On
the 25th, Red officers walked out
of the conference.
On Oct. 6, Heartbreak Ridge
fell to the Allies in the midst of
a general U.N. offensive, and the Vishinsky,
Reds agreed that liaison teams Assembly,
meet at the neutral point of Pan- Allies withdraw to the 38th
munjom. Parallel. This of course, came
Finally on Oct. 24, the U.N. of- after the Chinese and North Ko-
fered to give the Reds 200 square reans had, in effect, agreed that
miles of hard-won territory in
East Korea if the Reds would give
up Kaesong on the western front.
The Reds' reply was to demand
a truce line 15 miles below the
present battle line.
Oct. 81 Peace Hopes Climb
With New Red Plan.
With this headline, the Reds
made their first major concession
in the talks. They agreed to a
buffer zone along their "version
of the battle line." The next few
days the headlines were optimis
tic, wtih the negotiators near
agreement on a buffer zone.
On Nov. 6 the Reds decided
they wanted to call off the fight
ing without signing an armistice,
but the U.N. rejected this because
of fear that the Reds then would
refuse to negotiate the rest of the
agenda if there was no battle
pressure.
The Red team stalled, and on
Nov. 9, Soviet Minister Andrei
in the U.N. General
demanded that the
State Hospital Makes Progress
(Continued From Page One)
tients. But, doctors admit, that
figure isn't so good as it looks, be
cause of the need for 24-hour su
pervision. The number of employ
es, of course, varies from day to
day.
On a typical day recently, there
were 13 doctors on the staff.
These included Dr. Bates, whose
duties are largely administrative,
and his assistant, Dr. Dean K.
Brooks, who has some adminis
trative duties. Another, Dr. Ruth
Jens, was in the East learning to
operate new equipment which the
hospital will use. Thursday there
were only 10 full-time doctors on
duty, or one doctor for every 300
patients.
the hospital is budgeted for 17
doctors, including Dr. Bates. But,
Dr. Bates says, he is hesitant about
hiring any doctor who comes
along. Many times he has found
that the hospital's salary sched
ule does not attract top men who
might otherwise come there to
work.
Doctors get from $630 to $782
a month. For a skilled surgeon or
trained psychiatrist this money is,
in a word, "peanuts." So the hos
pital has to offer something else.
Hospital Is Accredited
One of the attractions is cheap
living quarters. Doctors can live
on the grounds, in state owned
houses, for $80 a month. This in
cludes furniture, domestic help,
and even linen, silver and dishes.
Another thing the hospital of
fers is a chance to learn. Some
doctors stay a few years, learning
all they can learn at the place,
and then going to better paid jobs.
or into lucrative private practice.
The hospital is an accredited in
stitution for training psychiatrists.
The accreditation, controlled by
the American Medical Assn., was
lost a year ago. The hospital re
gained it in August, however, with
a regular program for doctor edu
cation.
Doctors agree that the key
people in handling the mentally
ill are the 280 "psychiatric aids,"
or, as they used to be called,
"attendants." These men and wo
men see the patients every day,
deal with them on the wards,
and ate, in the patients' minds.
the staff of the hospital.
An aid gels $193 to $250 a
month. For $40 a month he gets
room, board, and laundry. This
leaves more than $150 a month
after major living expenses are
met. Several man-and-wife teams
work as aids and live on the hos
pital grounds.
Oregon, with its $193 starting
pay, ranks first in the nation on
48-hour week. California, how
ever, Is top for a 40-hour week.
These figures may be compared
with the $85 a month paid in Ok
lahoma. Citing the Oklahoma fig
ure, one doctor glanced at an
other, shuddered, and said, "But
look what they get."
One of Dr. Bates' chief aims
is to build up the morale and
training of his aids. Every new
aid get a five-day course in deal
ing with the mentally ill. Those
who stay study further.
Since the war, great strides
have been made in improving the
still inadequate physical plant.
Wards are still crowded. There
is still no place for the criminal
ly insane to go for fresh air and
exercise. Old persons in the se
nile wards still jostle one another
as they move from place to place,
In at least one area, beds are
squeezed into a place that is sup
posed to be "day room.
Special Buildings Needed
But things are improving. Open'
ing of the new "treatment unit1
1949 enabled the hospital to
convert the old treatment build
ing into a modern medical and
surgical unit. New wards have
been built, and old wards have
been remodeled. Doctors, who once
sat almost on one another's laps
in the main building, now have
offices m a new administration
building. A new tuberculosis hos
pital for the mentally 111 will be
opened, soon.
Future Legislatures will be
asked for money for more re
modeling and for more buildings.
Another building in the future
and doctors hope it is not ton
far in the future would house
criminals, sex deviates and de
fective delinquents. These persons
are now divided between the
penitentiary and the state hos
pital. Neither institution has
proper facilities for them.
The Oregon program has a long
way to go. It is by no means the
worst In the nation, but it is still
a long way behind the active im
provement program in Minnesota;
for example. It will be up to fu-
t u r e Legislatures, co-operating
with the present and future staffs
of the Salem hospital and other
mental institutions in the state, to
bring the program further from
the program old Ned Ward found
at Bedlam two and a half cen
turies ago.
the buffer zone be at the battle
line.
On Nov. 12, the Reds were ac
cused of bad faith. Maj. Gen.
H. I. Hodes of the U.N. said, "You
(the Reds) don't want a full
armistice.
Nov. 17 U.N. Accept Truce
Offer.
The U.N. would approve the
buffer zone if the Reds would
agree to sign an armistice in 30
days. The teams pin-pointed the
buffer zone, and on Nov. 26 the
main delegations signed an agree
ment on a cease-fire line which
was to be effective for 30 days.
The next day, proposals were
made for supervising the armis
tice, but the Reds wouldn't agree
to a U.N.-Communist inspection
or to halt a Red military build-up
during the armistice. The talks
were deadlocked again.
The truce subcommittees con
tinued to meet and the U.N. of
fered to exchange islands held
north of the 38th Parallel for per
mission to have troop rotation dur
ing the armistice, no Red buildup,
single armistice commission,
and discussion of war prisoners.
Dec. 10 Allies Demand Reds
Answer POW Proposal.
Dec. 11 Reds Want Release of
All POW's.
The Allies wanted prisoners
exchanged on a man-for-man
basis and the Reds wanted a
wholesale exchange.
Dec. 14 Prisoner Exchange
Deadlocks Parleys.
Dec. 16 Allies Demand Pri
soner Lists.
Dec. 18 Reds Give Prisoner
List. It Includes 3198 Ameri
cans. Dec. 26 Red Accounting of
U.N. Prisoners Shocks Allies.
Dec. 27 Reds Hint 50,000 Pri
soners Died of Disease.
This was the 30-day deadline
date on the buffer zone. The main
delegates did not even meet.
There had been a 30-day lull on
the battlefront.
Dec. 31 Truce Teams wind up
year still deadlocked.
Jan. 3 Vishinsky Asks U.N.
(Assembly) to Break Dead
lock. Jan. 7 Reds Accused of "Bad
Faith."
Jan. 9 Reds Insist on Air
Buildup.
And what of future possibili
ties for peace in Korea?
Rear Admiral R. E. Libby, after
one of the recent truce meetings,
had this to say: "The net gain was
zero. We are back on Page 1,
Paragraph 1. This is where we
came in."
Search Halted
By Pacific Fog
SEATTLE, Wash. U.R An air
search for the 46 crewmen of the
abandoned American freighter
Pennsylvania was halted tempo
rarily Saturday when fog closed
in over the North Pacific.
Five surface ships, equipped
with radar and powerful search
lights, continued to criss-cross the
12,000-mile search area, however.
Eleven planes were ordered
back to their bases after the
Coast Guard cutter Klamath
radioed fog had blotted out visi
bility for the planes and reduced
visibility for the ships to one
half mile.
The planes had been forced to
fly above a 300-foot ceiling and
their radar was "ineffective," the
(Joast Guard said.
The Klamath radioed:
"Due to weather conditions, air
search for today impracticable.
All aircraft in area being returned
to base."
They included seven Navy P2V
Neptunes, two Air Force B-17s
and a Coast Guard B-17.
The Canadian weather frigate
Stonetown radioed that a new
gale was blowing from the gulf
of Alaska and was expected to hit
Saturday night with 40 to 45 mile
an hour winds.
10
par-
Partial Moon Eclipse
Visible Night of Feb.
WASHINGTON CU.R) A
tial eclipse of the moon will be
visible in the United States the
night of Feb. 10-11, the National
Geographic Society said Saturday.
The eclipse will be one of four
two of the sun and two of the
moon visible somewhere on
earth this year, but Americans
will see little of the celestical
show.
Until 1951, Nepal, on Tibet's
southern border, had been gov
erned by a hereditary prime min
ister lor tu years.
Lumber Firm Explains Its Plans
(Continued From Page One)
you?" Lueddeman answered. "Our
1.2 billion feet wouldn't yield
enough yearly."
Lueddeman pointed out that the
agreement would have monopolis
tic points, but he believes the
permanancy in Oakridge that
would result would overweigh
the monopoly aspect.
Other questions, "Why aren't
appraisal prices nearer to what
buyers will actually pay? and,
Will Pope and Talbot's more effi
cient operation be taken into
account when the timber is ap
praised?" were answered by J. R.
Bruckart, supervisor of Willam
ette National Forest.
"When we appraise our timber,
we don't penalize the efficient
operator," he said. "We take
average logging costs and average
milling costs for a basis."
No One Pushed Out
Pope and Talhot has about one
fifth of the West Willamette
working circle's total timber. The
area is south of Oakridge. Lued
deman estimated that the com
pany has about a $10 million in
vestment in "the sawmill, houses,
timber" and other assests there.
He insisted that no one will be
put out of business, because "no
one was interested in the timber,"
although someone may be later.
"If I were a smaller logger in
that area, I'd like to see Pope
and Talbot tied up and not be
able to buy elsewhere," Luedde
man declared.
One floor speaker questioned
whether th lack of public bid
ding under the agreement might
be against the "public Interest."
Bruckart pointed out that the
cutting practices and the wood
utilization would have to conform
to the best in the Northwest, be
cause the Forest Service requires
these practices in all timber sales.
The timber would be appraised
like all other Northwest Forest
Service timber, and the minimum
price that Pope and Talbot would
pay would follow the market up
or down.
The meeting was sponsored by
the Western Forests Industries
Association.
lowans Buy Paper
INDEPENDENCE 0J.R) Ralph
H. Kletzing has sold the Inde
pendence Enterprise, of which he
had been editor and publisher
since 1938, to Mr. and Mrs. Alva
O. Noble of Newell, Iowa.
BURCH's
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Mercury Up to Zero,
Alaskans Get Warm
FAIRBANKS, Alaska (U.R
Anywhere in the United States
zero temperatures would be clas
sified: "Brr-rr-r, it's cold." But in
Fairbanks, Alaska, it was "Indian
summer" Saturday.
The mercury rose from 56
below zero to zero. Warm breezes
from the Pacific were credited
with "bringing the Indian summer."
N0VKE
The artificial Eye Clinic, suite 816 Joshua GrepnB,
ing, Seattle, Washington, will have one of their artifici
eye makers visit Eugene, Oregon to make Plastic Artifici
eyes to oraer.
Perfectly fitted and exact color match
ic Each eye made and delivered while In town
k Will not fade or discolor all work guaranteed
Please call Ursula Danz Annis at the Eugene Hotel
Monday, Jan. I4rh tor an appointment.
In Medford, at the Medford Hotel, January 15th
In Salem, at the Senator Hotel, January 17th
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