1,1
"frag
Eugene Register-Guard, Thursday, March 21, 1948
lores! Groups Plan
Permanent Agency
"fl MADISON. Wis. W A per
manent organization to provide
Ijfuller Interchange of research
bindings, was approved by repre
sentatives of state and federal tor-
-t products agencies at a three
'Jday conference ending Wednes'
"Hay.
; J; Groundwork for a year-round
organization to aid scientists,
technicians and others in forest
"fjwoduct Industries was initiated
y Bror Grondol of the University
' 'fit Washington.
' "There is a great demand," he
taid, "for a permanent force of
Hhls kind to act as bridge between
VUfferent groups and to coordinate
Jvith other organizations, inciua
3na those in the field now or con'
.templated In other professional
societies." '
J 820 WIlLAMETTi iJ
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8 DR. ELLIOTT
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17 Bait Broadway Phone 41
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE From Stettin to Trieste said Winston Churchill at Fulton, Mo., Russia
has drawn an Iron curtain across Europe. Actually, the political barrier extends more or less effectively
In an irregular line from the Arctic Ocean at the Norwegian-Finnish border to the Black Sea, where
Bulgaria and Turkey adjoin. The NEA map, above, shows this curtain with Stalin and his sntelite
leaders behind It. .
Foreign Correspondent Tells of Soviet's Plan
To Hold Its Satellites Behind Iron Curtain'
EDITOR'S NOTE This is the
first of a series of dispatches
dealing with the men "Behind
Russia's Iron Curtain", written
for NEA Service by a veteran
foreign correspondent.
By JOACHIM JOESTEN .
NEA Special Correspondent
NEW YORK (NEA) Russia
today Is an empire in the mak
ing. Not in the sense of the old
Czarlst empire, which reconlzed no
nationalities other than the Rus
sian, but rather in a multinational
association of more or less Inde
pendent states, reminiscent of the
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British Commonwealth.
There is a palpable tendency in
Moscow to imitate the British set
up. The most striking step yet
taken by the Kremlin in this di
rection was the constitutional
amendment ot Feb. 1, 1944, which
authorized the 16 constitutent re
publics of the Soviet Union to "en
ter into direct relations with
foreign states, to conclude agree
ments with them and exchange
diplomatic and consular repre
sentatives with them." This privil
ege previously was reserved to
the central government.
Red "Dominions''
Thus, the first Soviet "domin
ions" were born: White Russia
and the Ukraine. Both are mem
bers in their own right of the
United Nations Organization,
where the latter, in particular, al
ready has played a conspicuous
role.
Neither of these two enjoys an
Independence comparable to that
ot Canada or any other British
dominion. Empires like the Brit
ish Commonwealth grow organi
cally. They are not created by
a stroke of the pen. .
Hence the difference between
the new Soviet setup and that of
Great Britain is as wide as Rus
sia's concept of democracy Is
apart from ours.
The political trend in the So
viet Union, however, is toward a
more loosely organized federa
tion than in the past. This is a
development of outstanding im
portance from an international
point of view. It has greatly en
hanced the attraction of the-Soviet
for its neighbors.
In Soviet Orbit
Countries that for many years
were obsessed with fear of being
"gobbled up" by Russia now
gravitate, with apparent uncon
cern, to the Soviet orbit.
Czechoslovakia, for example,
feels more at ease dealing with
the Ukraine now Its immediate
neighbor than with Moscow di
rectly. Poland would rather set
tle a point at issue with the gov
ernment of White Russia than
with the Kremlin. The setup
mny be Illusory, but It has proven
effective.
Since the defeat of Germany,
which made further westward
expansion possible, Moscow has
worked persistently, and with
considerable success, at the es
tablishment of a vast system ot
satellites, outside . the Soviet
Union, but influenced and closely
controlled by it.
Bids for Friendship
It would be an oversimplifica
tion to say that Russia is out to
"bulshevize" her neighbors. Stalin
and his advisers know very well
that to do so at this time would
be a first-rate blunder.
Whatever their ultimate aims
mny be, their present policy Is
not to absorb or to proselytize,
but to "win friends and influence
people." Not, perhaps, in the Big
Three councils, but certainly
among Russia s direct neighbors.
A survey of eastern and cen
tral Europe permits these certain
conclusions:
(1) There has been no attempt
to introduce the Bolshvist sys
tem of government into any coun
try outside the territorial limits
of the Soviet Union, as constitut
ed jn 1940. Nowhere is the Com
munist party in exclusive control,
but everywhere it holds key po
sitions in the administration.
There has been widespread na
tionalization of industries, and
seizure of land for panellation,
but the collective system of agri
culture has not been introduced
anywhere and there is still room
for private enterprise in farming,
trade, and light industries.
(2) The great majority oi
heads of state and prime minis
ters are neither Communist party
members, nor fellow travellers,
but are men of bourgeois origin
and of moderate views, ranging
from conservative to Socialist.
All of them, however, are pro
Russian and willing to accept in
direct control by Moscow-trained
Communists. '
(S) Only Poland and Czecho
slovakia are independent in fact
as well as in name and even these
have accepted Russian supervi
sion of their foreign and economic
policies. Their privileged status
in the' Soviet orbit is due to the
fact that they were Russia's allies
in the war.
(4) All former enemies Fin
land, Bulgaria, Romania, Hun
gary, as well as the former allies,
Yugoslavia and Albania, today
are to all practical purposes de
pendencies of the Soviet. This is,
in the case of the former four,
the result of the armistice treat
ies, but with the latter two it is
voluntary, due to ideological af
finity. Stalin Rules by Proxy
In all those countries, Stalin
rules as effecively as at home,
though by proxy. The men who
locally exercise supreme author
ity are, in effect, his viceroys.
They have either been hand
picked by him, or they govern on
sufferance.
All of them refer issues of fun
damental Importance to Moscow
for decision. None would dare an
tagonize Stalin. There Is com
paratively little Interference by
Russia in the country's Internal
affairs.
Who are these men and where
do they come from?
What were their lives and rec
ords before they became Stalin's
viceroys, voluntarily or by force
of circumstances?
What have they achieved and
what are their plans for the fu
ture? .
In dispatches to follow, NEA
shall review them individually,
each in his own national setting
and against his social and politi
cal background. They are:
Julio Paasiklvl, Finland.
Petrlu Groza, Romania.
Kimon Keorgieff, Bulgaria.
Zoltan Tlldy, Hungary.
Tito, Yugoslavia.
Enver Hoxha, Albania.
Wood Products
Researchllrged
A resolution urging expanded
research by private and federal
groups on utilization of wood
waste was adopted at a meeting
of the Western States Council at
Butte, Mont., it was reported
Thursday by Manager Fred
Brenne of the Eugene Chamber of
Commerce. Brenne returned
Wednesday from attending the
session as a representative of Ore
gon chambers of commerce.
The action puts back of the re
search proposal representatives
from II western states. Brenne
and Arthur Farmer, manager of
the Portland chamber, stressed
the need, pointing to the Willam
ette Valley Wood Chemical Co.
plant at Springfield as an example
of wood waste utilization. Brenne
was chairman of a committee to
present the facts on the problem.
The resolution will go to sev
eral hundreds chambers in the
western states for their approval,
upon which they will contact
their congressmen urging addi
tional funds for research.
Brenne said that he feels prog
ress was made by the council in
launching cooperative effort to
further projects of benefit to west
ern states. He and Farmer were
elected directors to represent Ore
gon. Harold Wright, manager of the
Los Angeles chamber, was named
council president to succeed
Christy Thomas of Seattle.
CONDEMN USE OF ANIMALS
SEATTLE (P) The use.of ani
mals in atom bomb experiments
was condemned by the State Hu
mane Society at a general meet
ing here. A message of protest
was ordered sent to Dr. George
M. Lyons, USN, of Washington,
D. C, on the committee on atomic
bombs.
Monuments fo FDR
Planned by Nations
LONDON VP) The Pilgrims
Society of Great Britain announc
ed today appointment of a com
mittee headed by the Earl of
Derby to raise funds for erection
of a statute of the late President
Franklin D. Roosevelt in London.
MEXICO CITY VP) The per
manent committee of Congress an
nounced today plans for formal
observance on April 12 of the first
anniversary of President Roose
velt's death. The program will
include placing of the cornerstone
for a monument in Monterey,
where President Roosevelt and
President Avila Camacho met.
The committee issued a procla
mation declaring that Roosevelt
had "acquired spiritual Mexican
citizenship" through his advocacy
of the Good Neighbor policy.
NO DOUBT IT'S GOOD
GREENSBORO, N.C. VP) The
U.S. Collector of Internal Rev
enue here received an income tax
return from a North Carolina
woman showing, correctly, that
she owed no tax.
Accompanying it was a check
made out for "no dollars and no
cents," with a notation "no tax
due" In the lower left corner.
Douglas Produces 1
Mixmaster Successor
SANTA MONICA (UJ Doug
las Aircraft Co. has announced
production of a jet-powered vers
ion of the ,, XB-42 Mixmaster
bomber, which crashed after set
ting a transcontinental speed
record ot five hours 17 minutes.
The new model, the XB-43, has
the same lines as the Mixmaster,
and is powered with twin jet
units. Counter-rotating tail pro
pellers drove the earlier version.
'.
Messenger Accused
Of Bank Thievery .:
PORTLAND VP) A federal
complaint was on file today charg
ing Ralph Waldo Rees, 23-year-
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